CN109668635A - Sea surface temperature fusion method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of sea surface temperature fusion method and systems, it is related to marine information technical field, this method includes the Through observation data in situ of the fixed statellite infrared remote sensing and microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product and object time oceanographic observation system before obtaining object time in preset time；Above-mentioned sea surface temperature product and Through observation data in situ are pre-processed；Diurnal variation is carried out to pretreated sea surface temperature product to correct；Deviation is carried out to the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product of diurnal variation and microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product to correct；It by the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product of deviation, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product, is merged with the pretreated Through observation data in situ, to obtain the sea surface temperature fusion product of the object time.Sea surface temperature fusion method and system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, spatial resolution when available high, high spatial coverage, by when time, high-precision sea surface temperature fusion product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine information technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of sea surface temperature fusion method and system.
Background technique
Sea surface temperature is an important geophysical parameters for studying ocean-atmosphere interface exchanges of mass and energy, is become in weather
Change and plays an important role in research.It characterizes the heating power and dynamic process of ocean, and by ocean and atmospheric interaction
Influence, for the oceanographic phenomenas such as research ocean circulation, mesoscale eddy, oceanic front, upper up-flow and sea water mixing provide it is important according to
According to.
Himawari-8 satellite is the static meteorology of Geo-synchronous of new generation of transmitting in Japan Meteorological Agency on October 7th, 2014
Satellite is equipped with advanced Himawari imager (AHI) on star.Its observing frequency is 10 minutes primary, has 16 spectrum
Channel, the spatial resolution of infrared channel reach 2 kilometers, sea surface temperature product spatial and temporal resolution with higher, in northwest
There is apparent advantage, but simultaneously because cloud and mist blocks in terms of the SST of the Pacific remote sensing monitoring, space covering by compared with
Big influence.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of sea surface temperature fusion method and systems, when available high
Spatial resolution, high spatial coverage, by when time, high-precision sea surface temperature fusion product.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of sea surface temperature fusion methods, comprising: obtain object time it
Fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product and microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product and the target in preceding preset time
The Through observation data in situ of the oceanographic observation system at moment；To the fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, the microwave remote sensing
Sea surface temperature product and the Through observation data in situ are pre-processed；To pretreated fixed statellite infrared remote sensing Hai Biaowen
Degree product, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product carry out diurnal variation and correct；To diurnal variation revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea
Table temperature product and microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product carry out deviation and correct；By the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing of deviation
Sea surface temperature product, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product, are merged with the pretreated Through observation data in situ, to obtain the mesh
Mark the sea surface temperature fusion product at moment.
With reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the first possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein
The fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product is Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product；The microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature produces
Product are AMSR2 sea surface temperature product；The oceanographic observation system is Northeast Asia Region oceanographic observation system (NERA-GOOS).
The possible embodiment of with reference to first aspect the first, the embodiment of the invention provides the second of first aspect
The possible embodiment of kind, wherein the Through observation data in situ is the Global SST in region delay data library (RDMDB)
With salinity decoding data.
The possible embodiment of second with reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the thirds of first aspect
The possible embodiment of kind, wherein above-mentioned distant to the pretreated fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, microwave
Sense sea surface temperature product carries out the step of diurnal variation is corrected, comprising: establishes the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product diurnal variation mould
Type；The pretreated Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product, AMSR2 sea surface temperature product are carried out with the diurnal variation model
Diurnal variation is corrected.
The third possible embodiment with reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 4th of first aspect the
The possible embodiment of kind, wherein above-mentioned the step of establishing the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product diurnal variation model, comprising:
Obtain multiple periods it is corresponding by when time Himawari-8 sea surface temperature historical data, European Center for Medium Weather Forecasting
(ECWMF) ocean surface wind speed historical data and solar irradiance historical data；According to the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature history
Data, the ocean surface wind speed historical data and the solar irradiance historical data, are fitted this using least square method
The fit correlation formula of Himawari-8 sea surface temperature diurnal variation amplitude and the ocean surface wind speed and the solar irradiance.
The 4th kind of possible embodiment with reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 5th of first aspect the
The possible embodiment of kind, wherein above-mentioned that the pretreated Himawari-8 sea surface temperature is produced with the diurnal variation model
Product, AMSR2 sea surface temperature product carry out the step of diurnal variation is corrected, comprising: when calculating separately current according to the fit correlation formula
When the observation of the current diurnal variation amplitude and the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product and the AMSR2 sea surface temperature product carved
The diurnal variation amplitude at quarter；When calculating current according to the diurnal variation amplitude at the current time and the diurnal variation amplitude at the observation moment
Carve the sea surface temperature changing value between the observation moment；By the pretreated Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product, AMSR2
Sea surface temperature changing value of the sea surface temperature product respectively between the current time and observation moment is superimposed, and is obtained diurnal variation and is ordered
Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product and AMSR2 sea surface temperature product after just.
The 5th kind of possible embodiment with reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 6th of first aspect the
The possible embodiment of kind, wherein above-mentioned that the diurnal variation revised microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product progress deviation is corrected
The step of, comprising: using the revised Himawari-8 sea surface temperature of diurnal variation as target data, day is become using Poisson's equation
Change revised AMSR2 sea surface temperature progress deviation to correct.
The 6th kind of possible embodiment with reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 7th of first aspect the
The possible embodiment of kind, wherein above-mentioned that the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product microwave of the deviation is distant
Feel sea surface temperature product, merged with the pretreated Through observation data in situ, to obtain the sea surface temperature fusion of the object time
The step of product, comprising: using optimum interpolation method that the revised Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product of the deviation, AMSR2 is extra large
Table temperature product is merged with the pretreated Through observation data in situ, is produced with obtaining the sea surface temperature fusion of the object time
Product.
With reference to first aspect or first aspect the first one of to the 7th kind of possible embodiment, the present invention is implemented
Example provides the 8th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, wherein the preset time is 6 hours or 3 hours.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of sea surface temperature emerging system, which includes: that data obtain
Modulus block, for before obtaining object time in preset time fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product and microwave it is distant
Feel the Through observation data in situ of sea surface temperature product and the oceanographic observation system of the object time；Preprocessing module, for pair
The fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, the microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product and the Through observation data in situ carry out
Pretreatment；Module is corrected in diurnal variation, for distant to the pretreated fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, microwave
Sense sea surface temperature product carries out diurnal variation and corrects；Deviation corrects module, for red to the revised fixed statellite of the diurnal variation
Outer remote sensing sea surface temperature product and microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product carry out deviation and correct；Temperature fusion module, for this is inclined
The revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product of difference, it is pretreated existing with this
Field observational data fusion, to obtain the sea surface temperature fusion product of the object time.
The embodiment of the present invention bring it is following the utility model has the advantages that
A kind of sea surface temperature fusion method and system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, this method include obtaining object time
Fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product in preset time and microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product and the mesh before
Mark the Through observation data in situ of the oceanographic observation system at moment；It is distant to the fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, the microwave
Sense sea surface temperature product and the Through observation data in situ are pre-processed；To pretreated fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea table
Temperature product, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product carry out diurnal variation and correct；To the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing of diurnal variation
Sea surface temperature product and microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product carry out deviation and correct；The revised fixed statellite of deviation is infrared distant
Feel sea surface temperature product, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product, is merged with the pretreated Through observation data in situ, to be somebody's turn to do
The sea surface temperature fusion product of object time.Sea surface temperature fusion method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, is defended with Himawari-8
Based on star infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, fusion Northeast Asia Region oceanographic observation system (NERA-GOOS) field observation money
Material and Advanced Microwave scanning radiometer (AMSR2) microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product compensate for fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea
The deficiency of table temperature space covering；And temperature is carried out by establishing sea surface temperature diurnal variation local correction model, and based on best interpolation
Fusion, can provide high spatial coverage, high spatial resolution, high-precision, by when time sea surface temperature fusion product.
Other feature and advantage of the disclosure will illustrate in the following description, alternatively, Partial Feature and advantage can be with
Deduce from specification or unambiguously determine, or by implement the disclosure above-mentioned technology it can be learnt that.
To enable the above objects, features, and advantages of the disclosure to be clearer and more comprehensible, preferred embodiment is cited below particularly, and match
Appended attached drawing is closed, is described in detail below.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to tool in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Body embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is described below
Attached drawing be some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, what is do not made the creative labor
Under the premise of, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of sea surface temperature fusion method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of sea surface temperature diurnal variation situation；
Fig. 3 is a kind of variation of sea surface temperature diurnal variation amplitude with solar irradiance；
Fig. 4 is a kind of variation of sea surface temperature diurnal variation amplitude with ocean surface wind speed；
Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b are respectively before the correcting of Himawari-8 and AMSR2 sea surface temperature and revised splicing product；
Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b are respectively before the correcting of Himawari-8 and AMSR2 sea surface temperature of 29.8 ° of lines of north latitude and to order
Splicing product after just；
Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 c are respectively to estimate field error at the beginning of 4 months 2017 to assist relevant λx、λyWith the schematic diagram of A；
Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b are respectively the NERA-GOOS Through observation data in situ space point of sea surface temperature fusion results accuracy test
Butut and field observation and the scatter plot for merging sea surface temperature；
Fig. 9 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of sea surface temperature emerging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
21- data acquisition module；22- preprocessing module；Module is corrected in 23- diurnal variation；24- deviation corrects module；25-
Temperature fusion module.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than
Whole embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work premise
Under every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Sea surface temperature is an important geophysical parameters for studying ocean-atmosphere interface exchanges of mass and energy, is become in weather
Change and plays an important role in research.It characterizes the heating power and dynamic process of ocean, and by ocean and atmospheric interaction
Influence, for the oceanographic phenomenas such as research ocean circulation, mesoscale eddy, oceanic front, upper up-flow and sea water mixing provide it is important according to
According to.Spatial coverage when obtaining high, high-precision sea surface temperature for research ocean-atmosphere interaction, ocean heat power process and
Climate change is of great significance.Currently, the acquisition modes of sea surface temperature mainly have in-site measurement and satellite remote sensing.Scene is surveyed
Amount mainly directly measures sea surface temperature using the temperature transducer being loaded on the platforms such as ship, buoy and oceanic observation, essence
Degree is higher, but spatial distribution is largely limited to the position of observation platform, it is difficult to realize large-scale continuous observation.Satellite
Remote sensing mainly measures sea surface temperature using the infrared sensor or microwave remote sensor that are mounted on satellite platform indirectly, wherein red
Outer sensor sea surface temperature product space high resolution, but influenced by cloud and mist big, space covering is lower；Microwave remote sensor tool
There are round-the-clock, round-the-clock advantage, the covering of sea surface temperature product space is higher, but spatial resolution is low, and offshore precision is not
It is high.
Himawari-8 satellite is the static meteorology of Geo-synchronous of new generation of transmitting in Japan Meteorological Agency on October 7th, 2014
Satellite is equipped with advanced Himawari imager (AHI) on star.Its observing frequency is 10 minutes primary, has 16 spectrum
Channel, the spatial resolution of infrared channel reach 2 kilometers, sea surface temperature product spatial and temporal resolution with higher, in northwest
There is apparent advantage, but simultaneously because cloud and mist blocks in terms of the SST of the Pacific remote sensing monitoring, space covering by compared with
Big influence.
Based on this, a kind of sea surface temperature fusion method and system provided in an embodiment of the present invention can make up fixed statellite
Infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature space covering deficiency, provide high spatial coverage, high spatial resolution, high-precision, by when time
Sea surface temperature fusion product.
To be merged to a kind of sea surface temperature disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention first convenient for understanding the present embodiment
Method describes in detail.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1, be a kind of flow chart of sea surface temperature fusion method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it can by Fig. 1
See, method includes the following steps:
Step S102: obtain fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product before object time in preset time and
The Through observation data in situ of the oceanographic observation system of microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product and the object time.
It here, is the sea surface temperature of the object time by sea table fusion temperature obtained by the sea surface temperature fusion method.
The object time can be current time, any moment being also possible in history.
Wherein, fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product is the Hai Biaowen obtained by fixed statellite infrared remote sensing
Product is spent, infrared remote sensing refers to the remote sensing that working sensor wave band is limited within the scope of infrared band, for example, thermal infrared radiation
Count the global sea-surface temperature that can be observed.Similarly, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product is to be obtained by microwave remote sensing
Sea surface temperature product, microwave remote sensor not by or seldom influenced by cloud, rain, mist, do not need illumination condition, can be round-the-clock, complete
It when obtain image and data.In sea surface temperature telemetering, satellite remote sensing is mainly red on satellite platform using being mounted in
Outer sensor or microwave remote sensor measure sea surface temperature indirectly, wherein infrared sensor sea surface temperature product space resolution ratio
Height, but influenced by cloud and mist big, space covering is lower；Microwave remote sensor has round-the-clock, round-the-clock advantage, Hai Biaowen
It is higher to spend product space covering, but spatial resolution is low, offshore precision is not high.
In the present embodiment, which is Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product；
The microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product is AMSR2 sea surface temperature product；The oceanographic observation system is Northeast Asia Region oceanographic observation
System (NERA-GOOS)；Also, the Through observation data in situ be region delay data library (RDMDB) in Global SST and
Salinity decoding data.
Wherein, Himawari-8 satellite is located at 140.7 ° of east longitude of geostationary orbit, and observation scope is 80 ° of E~160 °
W, 60 ° of S~60 ° N are equipped with AHI imager, have 3 visible channels, 3 near infrared channels and 10 infrared channels,
The temporal resolution of wholecircle disk data is 10 minutes primary.Japan Aerospace Exploration and Development Agency (JAXA) publication
Himawari-8 sea surface temperature, including 2 grades and 3 grades of products, temporal resolution are respectively 10 minutes and 1 hour, spatial resolution
It is 2 kilometers.Different from traditional Split window algorithms, which uses quasi- physical algorithms, utilizes 8.6 μm, 10.4 μm and 11.8 μ
Sea surface temperature is extracted in the infrared radiation transmissions equation inverting that m infrared channel data solve parametrization, reaches higher precision.?
In the present embodiment, select 3 grades of Himawari-8 sea surface temperature products as basic data sources, by when time fusion AMSR2 and scene
Measure sea surface temperature.
In addition, AMSR2 is the microwave radiometer for being mounted in GCOM-W1 satellite, swept with deviateing 55 ° of progress circular cones of substar
Retouch, amplitude is 1450 kms, and the ascending node time is 1:30 in afternoon, working frequency 6.925,7.3,10.65,18.7,23.8,
36.5 and 89.0GHz, each frequency include horizontal and vertical two POLARIZATION CHANNELs.JAXA has issued the AMSR2 of 10km and 25km
Sea surface temperature product, including along rail and gridding two types.Product utilization 6.925GHZ vertical polarization channel data inverting
Sea surface temperature has the characteristics that round-the-clock, round-the-clock, precision with higher.In the present embodiment, spatial resolution is selected
For being merged along rail AMSR2 sea surface temperature product for 25km.
Also, NERA-GOOS is the Northeast Asia Region pilot project of Global Ocean Observing System, Through observation data in situ
Source mainly have fixed buoy, drifting buoy, along bank station, marine research ship and automatic Observation ship.NERA-GOOS number
It include region real-time data base (RRTDB) and region delay data library (RDMDB) according to library, RRTDB is for storing the last 30 days
Data, 30 days or more Data Migrations to RDMDB.In the present embodiment, using Global SST in RDMDB and salinity solution
Code data.
In at least one possible embodiment, above-mentioned preset time can be 6 hours or 3 hours, Huo Zheyong
The other times section of family setting.For the present embodiment, Himawari-8 and AMSR2 Hai Biaowen within 6 hours current times is selected
Product and current time NERA-GOOS Through observation data in situ are spent as fused data source.
Step S104: to the fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, the microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product and
The Through observation data in situ is pre-processed.
Since the radiation characteristic of cloud is more complicated, be difficult for be clearly divided into some regions in many cases clear sky or
Cloud covering, and there are large errors for the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature in these regions.In order to guarantee sea surface temperature fusion product
Precision needs to carry out Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product quality control before fusion, and rejecting abnormalities data are improved and produced
Product confidence level.
It here, include that weather state value is examined, Space Consistency is examined to the pretreatment of Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product
It is examined with time consistency, detailed process is as follows.
(1) weather state value is examined
Same sea area, the sea surface temperature of contemporaneity is relatively stable, variation is smaller, simultaneously using sea surface temperature weather mean value
It can test to Himawari-8 sea surface temperature in conjunction with its variable quantity, rejecting abnormalities data.It is issued using United Kingdom Meteorological Office
1992-2010 business sea surface temperature and sea ice analysis product (OSTIA) calculate daily sea surface temperature mean value and just
Difference, and being interpolated on the mesh point of Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product, wherein sea surface temperature mean value is as weather state value, and 2.5
Times mean square deviation is as critical value.When Himawari-8 sea surface temperature and Climatological value absolute value of the difference are greater than critical value, it is believed that should
Data exception is rejected.
(2) Space Consistency is examined
It is that comparison is slow that sea surface temperature, which is spatially varying, and the mean square deviation of sea surface temperature is smaller within the scope of certain space.
For each lattice point of Himawari-8 sea surface temperature, calculate using it as the mean value and mean square deviation of center 5*5 window.Complete
Under clear sky, the sea surface temperature mean square deviation of 5*5 window is smaller；When being interfered by cloud, mean square deviation increases.When lattice values and mean value
Difference be greater than 2.5 times of mean square deviations when, it is believed that the data exception is rejected.
(3) time consistency is examined
The sea surface temperature of same position changes relatively slowly in time, single lattice point Hai Biaowen within the scope of certain time
The mean square deviation of degree is smaller.For each lattice point of Himawari-8 sea surface temperature, calculate mean value in first five day time range and
Mean square deviation.Under clear sky, mean square deviation mainly reflects the diurnal variation of sea surface temperature, and value is smaller；When being interfered by cloud, just
Difference significantly increases.In the present embodiment, the lattice point that the difference of lattice values and mean value is greater than 2.5 times of mean square deviations is rejected.
Likewise, AMSR2 sea surface temperature is accepted a surrender, rain is affected, and before fusion, is rejected according to quality identification by rainfall
The data of influence then on the grid of re-projection to 10km resolution ratio, carry out the inspection of weather state value, space to each mesh point
Consistency check and time consistency are examined to guarantee its precision, finally by bilinear interpolation to the grid of 2km resolution ratio
On.
In addition, before fusion, needing to carry out necessary because there are biggish errors for NERA-GOOS Through observation data in situ
Quality control, the abnormal data of rejecting mainly include that buoy number, Hull Number, time record, position quadrant and longitude and latitude do not conform to
The data of method and the data of misregistration.
Since there are the areas of repeated measures for Himawari-8 and AMSR2 sea surface temperature product within 6 hours current times
Domain, i.e., there are multiple observation data on the same mesh point, therefore, after pre-processing, counterweight are also needed before being merged
Observation data are selected again.
Here, data are selected according to the type and chronological order of sea surface temperature product.Firstly, comparing sea surface temperature
The type of product, since the spatial resolution of Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product is higher than AMSR2 sea surface temperature, priority
Higher than AMSR2；Then, compare the distance apart from current time, want high away from current time close data priority.
Step S106: pretreated fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature are produced
Product carry out diurnal variation and correct.
(1) firstly, establishing the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product diurnal variation model.
In at least one possible embodiment, available multiple periods it is corresponding by when time Himawari-8
Sea surface temperature historical data, the ocean surface wind speed historical data and solar irradiance of European Center for Medium Weather Forecasting (ECWMF)
Historical data；Then, according to the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature historical data, the ocean surface wind speed historical data and the sun
Irradiation level historical data is fitted to obtain the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature diurnal variation amplitude and the sea using least square method
The fit correlation formula of wind speed and the solar irradiance.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, fused data source is sea surface temperature within 6 hours current times, in order to guarantee to melt
Product Precision is closed, needs to carry out diurnal variation and corrects.Gentemann et al. utilizes the sea AVHRR infrared sensor Pathfinder table
Temperature and TMI microwave remote sensor sea surface temperature data establish at any time, the diurnal variation Empirical Mode of wind speed and solar radiation variations
Type.Different from AVHRR sea surface temperature and TMI sea surface temperature, the temporal resolution of Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product is better than 1
Hour, there is unique advantage in terms of studying sea surface temperature diurnal variation law.The present embodiment is on Gentemann model basis
On establish Himawari-8 sea surface temperature diurnal variation model.
Wherein, sea surface temperature diurnal variation is to refer to the difference of sea surface temperature at satellite remote sensing sea surface temperature and night.In order to avoid
Error brought by the mesh point polluted by cloud individually, 03:00~07:00 Hai Biaowen when night takes place with reference to sea surface temperature
The average value of degree.As shown in Fig. 2, for 8.04 ° of N on October 5th, 2017,143.00 ° of E sea surface temperature diurnal variation sample figures, wherein
Sea surface temperature low value in one day concentrates on 03:00~07:00, and sea surface temperature high level concentrates on 12:00~14:00.
In order to establish sea surface temperature diurnal variation model, the present embodiment selects in January, 2017, April, July and October
Hai Biaowen is analyzed in Himawari-8 sea surface temperature and European Center for Medium Weather Forecasting (ECWMF) ocean surface wind speed data research
Subsist variation with wind speed and solar radiation situation of change.The temporal resolution of ECWMF ocean surface wind speed is 6 hours, spatial discrimination
Rate is 25 kilometers, passes through bilinear interpolation to Himawari-8 sea surface temperature grid.Solar irradiance is the letter of latitude and time
Number is calculated using the formula of Liou.Under different wind friction velocities sea surface temperature diurnal variation amplitude with solar irradiance variation feelings
Condition as shown in figure 3, under the conditions of different solar irradiance sea surface temperature diurnal variation amplitude with ocean surface wind speed situation of change such as Fig. 4
It is shown.
As can be seen from figs. 3 and 4 matched data be concentrated mainly on 1~4m/s of ocean surface wind speed and solar irradiance 420~
500W/m2In range.When one timing of wind speed, with the enhancing of solar radiation, sea surface temperature diurnal variation amplitude increases, and the two is close
Like linear changing relation；When one timing of solar radiation, with the increase of wind speed, sea surface temperature diurnal variation amplitude reduces, and the two is close
Like index variation relationship.
Using least square method to the variation relation of sea surface temperature diurnal variation amplitude and ocean surface wind speed, solar irradiance into
Row fitting (referring to the solid line in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4):
Δ SST (t, Q, u)=f (t) [0.26 (Q-120)] e-0.19u (1)
In formula, t is the time；Q is solar irradiance；U is ocean surface wind speed；F (t) is the sea surface temperature diurnal variation factor, is used
The formula of Gentemann calculates；W is constant 0.2668.
(2) secondly, with the diurnal variation model to the pretreated Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product, the sea AMSR2 table
Temperature product carries out diurnal variation and corrects.
In a kind of wherein embodiment, becoming when the day before yesterday for current time is calculated separately according to the fit correlation formula first
The diurnal variation width at the observation moment of change amplitude and the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product and the AMSR2 sea surface temperature product
Degree；Secondly, calculating current time and observation according to the diurnal variation amplitude at the current time and the diurnal variation amplitude at the observation moment
Sea surface temperature changing value between moment；Then, by the pretreated Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product, the sea AMSR2 table
Temperature product is superimposed with the diurnal variation amplitude changing value respectively, is obtained the revised Himawari-8 sea surface temperature of diurnal variation and is produced
Product and AMSR2 sea surface temperature product.
That is, above-mentioned (1) formula reflects the diurnal variation law of sea surface temperature, before fusion, first by the corresponding time,
Ocean surface wind speed and solar irradiance bring (1) formula into, and the sea surface temperature calculated between current time and sea surface temperature observation moment becomes
Then Himawari-8 and AMSR2 sea surface temperature to be corrected is added changing value by change value, that is, realize the change of sea surface temperature day
Change is corrected.
Step S108: to the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product of diurnal variation and microwave remote sensing sea table
Temperature product carries out deviation and corrects.
Due to the difference of detection mechanism, sensor performance and inversion algorithm etc., Himawari-8 sea surface temperature and
There are system deviations for AMSR2 sea surface temperature, as seen in figures 5 a and 6, form apparent splicing seams in transitional region.In order to guarantee
The precision of fusion product needs to carry out deviation to multi-source sea surface temperature to correct before fusion, eliminates system deviation.
In the present embodiment, using Himawari-8 sea surface temperature as target data, using Poisson's equation to the sea AMSR2 table
Temperature carries out deviation and corrects, and basic thought is to change the gradient fields of AMSR2 sea surface temperature to obtain a new gradient fieldsAnd by minimizing the gradient fieldsIt is realized with the gradient fields v difference of Himawari-8 sea surface temperature, it may be assumed that
Meet
In formula, f is the revised AMSR2 sea surface temperature of deviation；f*For Himawari-8 sea surface temperature；
For gradient operator；* the L of vector * is indicated2Norm；Ω is AMSR2 sea surface temperature overlay area；For AMSR2 sea surface temperature with
The splicing regions of Himawari-8 sea surface temperature；WithIt indicatesThe sea surface temperature in region.Deviation is revised
The gradient disparities of AMSR2 sea surface temperature and Himawari-8 sea surface temperature use the L of image2Norm indicates.By Euler-
Lagrange equation, (3) formula become the Poisson's equation for meeting Dirichlet boundary condition:
Meet
In formula,It is Laplace operator,It is the divergence of v=(u, v).Discretization
(4) the available system of linear equations of formula, and then obtain the revised AMSR2 sea surface temperature of deviation.
As shown in figure 5, splicing the sample figure of product for Himawari-8 and AMSR2 sea surface temperature, spatial dimension is east longitude
123.2 °~126.2 °, 28.8 °~31.2 ° of north latitude, time are 18:00 on April 3rd, 2017；Fig. 6 is along 29.8 ° of lines of north latitude
Himawari-8 and AMSR2 sea surface temperature, longitude range and time are consistent with Fig. 5.By Fig. 5 a and 6a it is found that correcting before, due to
There are system deviations for Himawari-8 sea surface temperature and AMSR2 sea surface temperature, generate apparent splicing seams.In the present embodiment
In, using Himawari-8 sea surface temperature as target data, deviation is carried out to AMSR2 sea surface temperature by Poisson's equation and is corrected.By
After Fig. 5 b and 6b are it is found that correct, the splicing seams between Himawari-8 sea surface temperature and AMSR2 sea surface temperature disappear, and achieve
Preferable effect.
Step S110: by the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product of deviation, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature
Product is merged with the pretreated Through observation data in situ, to obtain the sea surface temperature fusion product of the object time.
Sea surface temperature establishes Himawari-8 satellite sea after diurnal variation is corrected and corrected with deviation, using best interpolation
Table Temperature fusion scheme.Optimum interpolation method be under the premise of it is assumed that first guess, observation and assay value are unbiased esti-mator,
Solve a kind of the smallest Objective Analysis Method of assay value error variance.In optimum interpolation method, the assay value of space networks lattice point is
It is added by the first guess of mesh point and to correct value and determination, correct value by the observation of each observation point around and first guess
Deviation weighting acquires:
Wherein, k is analysis lattice point, and i is observation lattice point, AkRepresent the assay value on mesh point k, i.e. sea surface temperature most
The fusion results of excellent interpolation；BkThe first guess on mesh point k is represented, time sea surface temperature fusion product when selecting previous here；Wi
Represent weighting function；OiTo represent the observation on mesh point i.
In order to which assay value error variance is minimum, WjIt should meet:
In formula,It is related just to estimate field error association；For observation field error, association is related, it is assumed that the observation between mesh point
Error is mutually indepedent, then when i is equal to jIt is 1, when i is not equal to jIt is 0；λiFor observation field error to standard deviation on i point
Field error standard deviation is estimated with firstRatio.The minimal error estimation of assay value on space networks lattice point are as follows:
Just estimate field error association correlation is indicated using Gaussian function:
In formula, x, y respectively indicate through to and broadwise；I, j indicates different observation points；λx、λyRespectively indicate through to and latitude
To scale dependent, work as xiEqual to xjWhen, the related coefficient of different distance in broadwise is calculated, is fitted to obtain λ by least square methodx
And Ax, work as yiEqual to yjWhen, using the available λ of same methodyAnd Ay；A indicates the maximal correlation system of analysis lattice point and neighborhood
Number, takes A herexAnd AyMean value.In the present embodiment, centered on the position for analyzing lattice point, within 500 kilometers of radius
Data calculate A, λxAnd λy.Fig. 7 is to estimate field error at the beginning of 4 months 2017 to assist relevant λx、λyAnd A.
From Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b it is found that immediate offshore area just estimate field error through being significantly less than off-lying sea to broadwise scale dependent,
This is because immediate offshore area is there are many estuaries and larger by the effect of human activity, water environment is complicated, and sea surface temperature is at any time
Between change very fast and be spatially unevenly distributed, the scale dependent for causing immediate offshore area just to estimate field error is smaller；Through Xiang Xiangguan
Scale be greater than corresponding broadwise scale dependent, this is because sea surface temperature with latitude change greatly and through to change it is smaller.By
It is found that parameter A reflects the maximum correlation coefficient of analysis lattice point and its neighborhood, average value 0.88 shows to analyze lattice point Fig. 7 c
With its neighborhood correlation with higher.
In this way, obtaining the sea surface temperature fusion product of object time, here, it is with Himawari-8 satellite infrared
Based on remote sensing sea surface temperature product, Northeast Asia Region oceanographic observation system (NERA-GOOS) Through observation data in situ and height are merged
Grade microwave scanning radiometer (AMSR2) microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product, it is empty to compensate for fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature
Between the deficiency that covers；And by establishing sea surface temperature diurnal variation local correction model, Temperature fusion is carried out based on best interpolation, because
And can provide high spatial coverage, high spatial resolution, high-precision, by when time sea surface temperature fusion product.
A kind of sea surface temperature fusion method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, this method include pre- before obtaining object time
If fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product and microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product and the object time in the time
Oceanographic observation system Through observation data in situ；To the fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, the microwave remote sensing sea table
Temperature product and the Through observation data in situ are pre-processed；Pretreated fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature is produced
Product, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product carry out diurnal variation and correct；Fixed statellite infrared remote sensing Hai Biaowen revised to diurnal variation
Degree product and microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product carry out deviation and correct；By deviation revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea table
Temperature product, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product, are merged with the pretreated Through observation data in situ, when obtaining the target
The sea surface temperature fusion product at quarter；This method can provide high spatial coverage, high spatial resolution, high-precision, by when time
Sea surface temperature fusion product.
Embodiment two:
In order to examine the precision of above-mentioned sea surface temperature fusion method, the present embodiment selects northwest Pacific sea area
Himawari-8 sea surface temperature, AMSR2 sea surface temperature and NERA-GOOS Through observation data in situ carry out fusion experiment.
The present embodiment selects the NERA-GOOS Through observation data in situ in April, 2017 to carry out essence to sea surface temperature fusion results
Degree is examined, when the matching criteria of the two spatially is that observation position interval is less than 2km, temporal matching criteria is observation
Between interval less than 30 minutes, coupling number strong point is 9916, randomly selects 1000 site observation dates and participates in sea surface temperatures and melts
It closes, remaining 8916 site observation dates are used for the accuracy test of sea surface temperature fusion results, and inspection result is as shown in Figure 8.
Wherein, Fig. 8 a is NERA-GOOS Through observation data in situ spatial distribution for inspection, sea surface temperature range is 0~
33℃.Since Through observation data in situ is mainly derived from buoy and ship, the coupling number strong point of coastal waters and shipping lane is more.Figure
8b is the scatter plot of NERA-GOOS Through observation data in situ and sea surface temperature fusion results, and the root-mean-square error of the two is 0.96
DEG C, sea surface temperature fusion results are slightly less than NERA-GOOS Through observation data in situ, and 0.14 DEG C of deviation, this explanation is real using the present invention
Apply the sea surface temperature fusion product precision with higher that the sea surface temperature fusion method of example offer obtains.
Embodiment three:
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of sea surface temperature emerging systems, referring to Fig. 9, for the structural representation of the system
Figure, as seen from Figure 9, the system include that module is corrected in the data acquisition module 21 being connected with each other, preprocessing module 22, diurnal variation
23, deviation corrects module 24 and Temperature fusion module 25, wherein the function of modules is as follows:
Data acquisition module 21, for obtaining the fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea table before object time in preset time
The Through observation data in situ of the oceanographic observation system of temperature product and microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product and the object time；
Preprocessing module 22, for the fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, the microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature
Product and the Through observation data in situ are pre-processed；
Module 23 is corrected in diurnal variation, for the pretreated fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, microwave
Remote sensing sea surface temperature product carries out diurnal variation and corrects；
Deviation corrects module 24, for the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product of the diurnal variation and
Microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product carries out deviation and corrects；
Temperature fusion module 25 is used for the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product microwave of the deviation
Remote sensing sea surface temperature product is merged with the pretreated Through observation data in situ, is melted with obtaining the sea surface temperature of the object time
Close product.
The technical effect of sea surface temperature emerging system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, realization principle and generation is with before
It is identical to state sea surface temperature fusion method embodiment, to briefly describe, system embodiment part does not refer to place, can refer to aforementioned
Corresponding contents in embodiment of the method.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience and simplicity of description, the system of foregoing description
Specific work process, can refer to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiment, details are not described herein.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the opposite step of the component and step that otherwise illustrate in these embodiments, digital table
It is not limit the scope of the invention up to formula and numerical value.
The flow chart and block diagram in the drawings show system, method and the computers of multiple embodiments according to the present invention
The architecture, function and operation in the cards of program product.In this regard, each box in flowchart or block diagram can
To represent a part of a module, section or code, a part of the module, section or code include one or
Multiple executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function.It should also be noted that in some implementations as replacements, side
The function of being marked in frame can also occur in a different order than that indicated in the drawings.For example, two continuous boxes are practical
On can be basically executed in parallel, they can also be executed in the opposite order sometimes, and this depends on the function involved.?
It should be noted that the combination of each box in block diagram and or flow chart and the box in block diagram and or flow chart, it can
To be realized with the dedicated hardware based system for executing defined function or movement, or specialized hardware and meter can be used
The combination of calculation machine instruction is realized.
In addition, in the description of the embodiment of the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；
It can be mechanical connection, be also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be with
It is the connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, it can understand that above-mentioned term exists with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " center ", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, be only for
Convenient for the description present invention and simplify description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning there must be specific side
Position is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " the
Two ", " third " is used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance.
The computer program product of sea surface temperature fusion method is carried out provided by the embodiment of the present invention, including is stored
The computer readable storage medium of the executable non-volatile program code of processor, the instruction that said program code includes can
For executing previous methods method as described in the examples, specific implementation can be found in embodiment of the method, and details are not described herein.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience and simplicity of description, foregoing description is
The specific work process of system, device and unit, can refer to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiment, details are not described herein.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed systems, devices and methods, it can be with
It realizes by another way.The apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the division of the unit,
Only a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, in another example, multiple units or components
It can be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.Another point, it is shown or
The mutual coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection discussed can be through some communication interfaces, device or unit
Indirect coupling or communication connection can be electrical property, mechanical or other forms.
The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, as unit
The component of display may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over more
In a network unit.Some or all of unit therein can be selected to realize this embodiment scheme according to the actual needs
Purpose.
It, can also be in addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit
It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.
It, can if the function is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and when sold or used as an independent product
To be stored in the executable non-volatile computer-readable storage medium of a processor.Based on this understanding, this hair
Substantially the part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be with soft in other words for bright technical solution
The form of part product embodies, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are to make
It obtains a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) and executes each embodiment of the present invention
The all or part of the steps of the method.And storage medium above-mentioned include: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM,
Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk etc. it is various
It can store the medium of program code.
Finally, it should be noted that embodiment described above, only a specific embodiment of the invention, to illustrate this hair
Bright technical solution, rather than its limitations, scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, although right with reference to the foregoing embodiments
The present invention is described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: any technology for being familiar with the art
Personnel in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can still modify to technical solution documented by previous embodiment
Or variation or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features can be readily occurred in；And these modifications, variation or replacement,
The spirit and scope for technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution, should all cover in this hair
Within bright protection scope.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sea surface temperature fusion method characterized by comprising
Fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product and microwave remote sensing Hai Biaowen before acquisition object time in preset time
Spend the Through observation data in situ of the oceanographic observation system of product and the object time；
The fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, the microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product and the scene are seen
Survey data is pre-processed；
Day change is carried out to the pretreated fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product
Change is corrected；
To the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product of the diurnal variation and microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product into
Row deviation is corrected；
By the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product of the deviation, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product, with institute
Pretreated Through observation data in situ fusion is stated, to obtain the sea surface temperature fusion product of the object time.
2. sea surface temperature fusion method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product is Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product；
The microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product is AMSR2 sea surface temperature product；
The oceanographic observation system is Northeast Asia Region oceanographic observation system (NERA-GOOS).
3. sea surface temperature fusion method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the Through observation data in situ is prolonged for region
When database (RDMDB) in Global SST and salinity decoding data.
4. sea surface temperature fusion method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described to described pretreated static
Satellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product carry out the step of diurnal variation is corrected, comprising:
Establish the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product diurnal variation model；
With the diurnal variation model to the pretreated Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product, AMSR2 sea surface temperature product
Diurnal variation is carried out to correct.
5. sea surface temperature fusion method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described to establish the sea Himawari-8
The step of table temperature product diurnal variation model, comprising:
Obtain multiple periods it is corresponding by when time Himawari-8 sea surface temperature historical data, European Center for Medium Weather Forecasting
(ECWMF) ocean surface wind speed historical data and solar irradiance historical data；
According to the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature historical data, the ocean surface wind speed historical data and the solar irradiance
Historical data is fitted to obtain the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature diurnal variation amplitude and the ocean surface wind speed using least square method
And the fit correlation formula of the solar irradiance.
6. sea surface temperature fusion method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that it is described with the diurnal variation model to institute
State pretreated Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product, AMSR2 sea surface temperature product carries out the step of diurnal variation is corrected, packet
It includes:
According to the fit correlation formula calculate separately current time diurnal variation amplitude and the Himawari-8 sea surface temperature
The diurnal variation amplitude at the observation moment of product and the AMSR2 sea surface temperature product；
Current time and observation are calculated according to the diurnal variation amplitude of the diurnal variation amplitude at the current time and the observation moment
Sea surface temperature changing value between moment；
By the pretreated Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product, AMSR2 sea surface temperature product respectively with it is described current when
The sea surface temperature changing value carved between the observation moment is superimposed, and obtains the revised Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product of diurnal variation
And AMSR2 sea surface temperature product.
7. sea surface temperature fusion method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described revised to the diurnal variation
Microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product carries out the step of deviation is corrected, comprising:
It is revised to diurnal variation using Poisson's equation using the revised Himawari-8 sea surface temperature of diurnal variation as target data
AMSR2 sea surface temperature carries out deviation and corrects.
8. sea surface temperature fusion method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described that the deviation is revised quiet
Only satellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product melts with the pretreated Through observation data in situ
It closes, the step of to obtain the sea surface temperature fusion product of the object time, comprising:
Using optimum interpolation method by the revised Himawari-8 sea surface temperature product of the deviation, AMSR2 sea surface temperature product,
It is merged with the pretreated Through observation data in situ, to obtain the sea surface temperature fusion product of the object time.
9. sea surface temperature fusion method according to claim 1-8, which is characterized in that the preset time is 6
Hour or 3 hours.
10. a kind of sea surface temperature emerging system characterized by comprising
Data acquisition module, for obtaining the fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product before object time in preset time
With the Through observation data in situ of the oceanographic observation system of microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature product and the object time；
Preprocessing module, for being produced to the fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, the microwave remote sensing sea surface temperature
Product and the Through observation data in situ are pre-processed；
Module is corrected in diurnal variation, for the pretreated fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product, microwave remote sensing
Sea surface temperature product carries out diurnal variation and corrects；
Deviation corrects module, for distant to the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product of the diurnal variation and microwave
Sense sea surface temperature product carries out deviation and corrects；
Temperature fusion module, for the revised fixed statellite infrared remote sensing sea surface temperature product microwave remote sensing of the deviation is extra large
Table temperature product is merged with the pretreated Through observation data in situ, to obtain the sea surface temperature fusion of the object time
Product.
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