CN109631692B - Ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line - Google Patents
Ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line Download PDFInfo
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- CN109631692B CN109631692B CN201811591541.0A CN201811591541A CN109631692B CN 109631692 B CN109631692 B CN 109631692B CN 201811591541 A CN201811591541 A CN 201811591541A CN 109631692 B CN109631692 B CN 109631692B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
- F42B33/02—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges
- F42B33/0264—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges by using screw-type feeders
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Abstract
An ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line comprises: the device comprises a cartridge case fixing tool (1), a conveying unit (2), a transfer mechanical arm (3), a solid material feeding unit (4), a liquid material feeding unit (5), a mixing unit (6), a curing unit (7) and an auxiliary unit (8); the mixing and charging are completed on one mixing unit (6), so that the links of material transfer, casting, cleaning and the like are omitted, and the reliability and the safety are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ammunition manufacturing, and relates to a production line for mixing and charging ammunition.
Background
At present, the warhead and the engine of large-batch equipment and small-dose charge are generally in a single kneading and multi-casting mode, namely a kneading pot is adopted to mix a large amount of slurry at one time, and then a vacuum casting box is adopted to cast the slurry into a plurality of cartridge shells in batches. The process has the defects of large production quantity, long process time, multiple working procedures, high difficulty in controlling the charging quality, high process cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line which completes mixing and charging in one process and in a cartridge case, and saves links such as material transfer, casting, cleaning and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is characterized by comprising: the shell fixing device comprises a shell fixing tool 1, a conveying unit 2, a transfer mechanical arm 3, a solid material feeding unit 4, a liquid material feeding unit 5, a mixing unit 6, a curing unit 7 and an auxiliary unit 8;
the cartridge case fixing tool 1 is an assembly body with a cartridge case positioning structure, and is used for positioning the cartridge case, carrying and fixedly mounting the cartridge case on the mixing unit 6 after being assembled with the cartridge case;
the conveying unit 2 is a conveying mechanism with a positioning detection sensor and is used for conveying the cartridge case fixing tool 1 at different stations;
the solid material feeding unit 4 is a mechanism with weighing, metering, feeding and proportioning functions, comprises 2-4 quantitative feeders and is used for feeding 2-4 main component powder materials;
the liquid material feeding unit 5 is a mechanism for feeding by volume metering, and comprises 2-4 displacement pumps for feeding 2-4 main component liquid ingredients; aiming at the solid and liquid components of the minor components, the minor components can be mixed with the liquid of the main component in advance according to the proportion and then the materials are added by a volumetric pump;
the mixing unit 6 is a vibration system with adjustable acceleration of 0-100g and adjustable frequency of 50-65Hz, and is provided with an automatic clamping mechanism to clamp the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and the mixing unit 6 is used for mixing materials in the cartridge case, so that a charging link is omitted; the vibration acceleration is adjustable at 0-100g, the frequency is adjustable at 50-65Hz, and the vibration device is particularly suitable for explosive materials with the solid content of 80-93%;
the curing unit 7 is a vacuum oven with controllable temperature of 20-90 ℃ and controllable vacuum degree of-0.05 Mpa to-0.095 Mpa, and the temperature of 20-90 ℃ is adjustable, so that the curing speed of materials can be adjusted, and the curing effect can be ensured; the vacuum degree is controllable from minus 0.05Mpa to minus 0.095Mpa, which is beneficial to eliminating bubbles wrapped in the material;
the auxiliary unit 8 is a water ring vacuum pump with the maximum vacuum degree not higher than-0.095 MPa and a cold-hot integrated machine with the temperature control range of 20-100 ℃; the vacuum degree is not higher than-0.095 Mpa (absolute pressure less than-0.095 Mpa), on one hand, air is removed, the coupling effect of materials and air is reduced, the stability of material movement in the mixing process is facilitated, on the other hand, air bubbles in the materials are reduced, and the curing quality is ensured.
The conveying unit 2 sequentially connects the solid material feeding unit 4, the liquid material feeding unit 5, the mixing unit 6 and the curing unit 7 in series, the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be sequentially conveyed to the solid material feeding unit 4, the liquid material feeding unit 5, the mixing unit 6 and the curing unit 7 from a feeding point, and ammunition solidified is conveyed to the next processing point; the solid material feeding unit 4 is positioned at the upstream of the liquid material feeding unit 5, namely, the powder is firstly added and then the liquid is added, so that the liquid can cover the powder, and the dust generated during the treatment of the mixing unit 6 can be reduced.
The number of the transfer mechanical arms 3 is 2, one transfer mechanical arm is arranged on the upper side of the mixing unit 6, and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be conveyed between the mixing unit 6 and the conveying unit 2; the other is arranged on the upper side of the curing unit 7, and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be conveyed between the curing unit 7 and the conveying unit 2;
the auxiliary unit 8 is connected to the mixing unit 6 by a pipe.
The working principle of the ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is as follows: firstly, assembling a cartridge case and a cartridge case fixing tool 1, and putting the cartridge case and the cartridge case fixing tool into a conveying unit 2 from a feeding point; the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to a solid material feeding unit 4 for solid material feeding; after solid material feeding is completed, the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the liquid material feeding unit 5 for liquid material feeding; after liquid material feeding is completed, the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the mixing unit 6, the transferring mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the mixing unit 6, the mixing unit 6 automatically clamps the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and mixed charging is started; after mixed charging is completed, the mixing unit 6 automatically releases the cartridge case fixing tool 1, the transferring mechanical arm 3 carries the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the conveying unit 2, and the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the curing unit 7; the transfer mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to a curing unit 7 to start curing; after solidification, the transferring mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the conveying unit 2, and the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the next processing point.
Preferably, the cartridge case fixing tool 1 comprises a riser 11, a cartridge case fixing frame 12 and a sealing gasket 13; the dead head 11 is of a cylindrical structure, a cartridge case positioning structure is arranged on the dead head 11 and is coaxially mounted with a cartridge case, a sealing gasket 13 is arranged in the middle of the dead head, and the cartridge case and the sealing gasket 13 are tightly pressed on the dead head 11 through bolts by a cartridge case fixing frame 13; the riser is also provided with a positioning hole 111 for positioning the mixing unit 6 and a sealing surface 112 for sealing the mixing unit 6. The feeder 11 is used for filling a high-filling elastomer, and the initial powder and liquid have low stacking density, so that the stacking volume is larger than the volume of the shell, and the feeder 11 can accommodate initial materials stacked before mixing.
Preferably, the solid material feeding unit 4 comprises a storage hopper 41, a screw quantitative feeder 42, a pre-mixer 43 and a docking device 44; the discharge port of the storage hopper 41 is opposite to the hopper feed port of the screw quantitative feeder 42 arranged right below, the storage hopper 41 and the hopper feed port are hermetically connected by adopting a soft material, and the material enters the screw quantitative feeder 42 from the storage hopper 41 by virtue of gravity; the quantity of the storage hopper 41 and the screw quantitative feeder 42 is 2, and the two main component powders can be proportioned and fed, such as feeding of hexogen and aluminum powder; a premixer 43 is arranged right below the discharge ports of the two sets of screw quantitative feeders 42; the premixer 43 is a vertical flow channel provided with a plurality of groups of cross guide plates, so that the two components can be premixed through the premixer 43 by gravity in the charging process, the conductivity of the explosive powder is enhanced, the time for mixing the explosive powder by the mixing unit 6 is favorably shortened, and the safety is improved; the butt joint device 44 is arranged at a discharge port of the premixer 43, and drives the soft material through the air cylinder to butt joint the premixer 43 with the cartridge case fixing tool 1, so that a sealed environment is formed when the material flows, powder can be prevented from flying, and the use safety is facilitated;
preferably, the mixing unit 6 comprises a vibration system 61, a jacket housing 62, a clamping mechanism 63, a gasket 64, a riser cover 65; the vibration system 61 is a resonance machine based on a resonance principle, the resonance frequency range is 50-65Hz, and the acceleration of 0-100g can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the exciting force; the resonance frequency range of 50-65Hz and the acceleration of 0-100g can be adjusted by utilizing the resonance principle, so that the energy consumption is reduced; the jacket shell 62 is provided with a deep concave barrel-shaped structure with a flange and is fixed on a vibration table of the vibration system 61, and the flange is provided with a guide post 623 in the vertical direction; the bottom of the jacket shell 62 is provided with a water inlet 621, the upper part of the side wall is provided with a water outlet 622, and the jacket shell is connected with a cold-hot all-in-one machine contained in the auxiliary unit 8 through a pipeline; the sealing gasket 64 is arranged on the flange of the jacket shell 62, so that after the cartridge case fixing tool 1 is assembled and compressed through the guide post 623, a closed space can be formed between the jacket shell 62 and the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and heat exchange media can be used through the water inlet 621 and the water outlet 622. The jacket shell 62 and the shell form a closed jacket, the temperature of the shell is controlled through water medium heat exchange or air medium, and the control method is safer compared with other means such as electric heating, infrared heating and the like; the cap 65 is a disc-shaped cover plate, and is provided with a sealing pad 651, a positioning hole 652 and a vacuum pumping port 653; the vacuum pumping port 653 is connected to a water ring vacuum pump included in the auxiliary unit 8 through a pipe; the cap 65 is arranged above the flange of the jacket shell 62, and after the cap is installed and pressed by the guide post 623, a closed space can be formed inside the cartridge case, and the inside of the cartridge case can be vacuumized through the vacuumizing port 653; the clamping mechanisms 63 are cam structures driven by hydraulic pressure or compressed air, the number of the cam structures is 2-4, the cam structures are uniformly distributed on the flange of the jacket shell 62, after the cam structures rotate in the horizontal plane, through friction between the cam and the riser cover 65, the torque in the horizontal plane is balanced by the guide post 623 to generate a vertical downward normal force, and therefore the riser cover 65 and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 are pressed tightly; the cam structure has self-locking performance, ensures reliable fixation of the projectile body in the vibration process, and improves reliability and safety.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the mixing unit 6 completes two procedures of mixing and charging, so that the links of material transfer, casting, cleaning and the like are saved, and the reliability and the safety are improved;
(2) the solid material feeding unit 4 has a premixing function, and is used for premixing main solid components (conventional explosive powder and aluminum powder), so that the conductivity of the explosive powder is increased, and the safety is improved.
(3) The solid material feeding unit 4 is positioned at the upstream of the liquid material feeding unit 5, namely, the powder is firstly added and then the liquid is added, the liquid is utilized to cover the powder, the flying of dust in the vibration process is reduced, and the safety is improved.
(4) The clamping mechanism 63 has self-locking performance, so that reliable fixing of the projectile body in the vibration process is guaranteed, and reliability and safety are improved.
Drawings
The drawings that are required for a description of the embodiments are briefly described below.
FIG. 1: a schematic diagram of an ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is provided.
FIG. 2: a schematic diagram of a shell fixing tool 1 in an ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line embodiment is provided.
FIG. 3: a schematic diagram of a solid material feeding unit 4 in an ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line embodiment.
FIG. 4: a schematic illustration of a mixing unit 6 in an embodiment of an ammunition in-situ mixed-charge production line.
FIG. 5: an installation schematic diagram of a mixing unit 6 and a cartridge case fixing tool 1 in an ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line embodiment.
FIG. 6: a schematic illustration of the jacket housing 62 included in the mixing unit 6 of an ammunition in-situ mixed charge production line embodiment.
FIG. 7: a schematic illustration of a feeder cap 65 included in a mixing unit 6 in an embodiment of an ammunition in-situ mixed-charge production line.
FIG. 8: a schematic representation of a clamping mechanism 63 included in the mixing unit 6 in an embodiment of an ammunition in-situ mixed-charge production line.
The corresponding part names indicated by the numbers and letters in the drawings:
1. the shell transferring device comprises a shell fixing tool, 2. a conveying unit, 3. a transferring mechanical arm, 4. a solid material feeding unit, 5. a liquid material feeding unit, 6. a mixing unit, 7. a curing unit and 8. an auxiliary unit
11. Riser, 12 bullet shell fixing frame, 13 sealing gasket, 111 positioning hole, 112 sealing surface
41. Storage hopper, 42 screw quantitative feeder, 43 premixer, 44 butt joint device
61. Vibration system, 62 jacket shell, 63 clamping mechanism, 64 sealing pad, 65 riser cover, 621 water inlet, 622 water outlet, 623 guide post, 651 sealing pad, 652 positioning hole, 653 vacuumizing port
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, an ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is characterized by comprising: the shell fixing device comprises a shell fixing tool 1, a conveying unit 2, a transfer mechanical arm 3, a solid material feeding unit 4, a liquid material feeding unit 5, a mixing unit 6, a curing unit 7 and an auxiliary unit 8;
the cartridge case fixing tool 1 is an assembly body with a cartridge case positioning structure, and is used for positioning the cartridge case, carrying and fixedly mounting the cartridge case on the mixing unit 6 after being assembled with the cartridge case;
the conveying unit 2 is a conveying mechanism with a positioning detection sensor and is used for conveying the cartridge case fixing tool 1 at different stations;
the solid material feeding unit 4 is a mechanism with weighing, metering, feeding and proportioning functions, comprises 2-4 quantitative feeders and is used for feeding 2-4 main component powder materials;
the liquid material feeding unit 5 is a mechanism for feeding by volume metering, and comprises 2-4 displacement pumps for feeding 2-4 main component liquid ingredients; aiming at the solid and liquid components of the minor components, the minor components can be mixed with the liquid of the main component in advance according to the proportion and then the materials are added by a volumetric pump;
the mixing unit 6 is a vibration system with adjustable acceleration of 0-100g and adjustable frequency of 50-65Hz, and is provided with an automatic clamping mechanism to clamp the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and the mixing unit 6 is used for mixing materials in the cartridge case, so that a charging link is omitted; the vibration acceleration is adjustable at 0-100g, the frequency is adjustable at 50-65Hz, and the vibration device is particularly suitable for explosive materials with the solid content of 80-93%;
the curing unit 7 is a vacuum oven with controllable temperature of 20-90 ℃ and controllable vacuum degree of-0.05 Mpa to-0.095 Mpa, and the temperature of 20-90 ℃ is adjustable, so that the curing speed of materials can be adjusted, and the curing effect can be ensured; the vacuum degree is controllable from minus 0.05Mpa to minus 0.095Mpa, which is beneficial to eliminating bubbles wrapped in the material;
the auxiliary unit 8 is a water ring vacuum pump with the maximum vacuum degree not higher than-0.095 MPa and a cold-hot integrated machine with the temperature control range of 20-100 ℃; the vacuum degree is not higher than-0.095 Mpa (absolute pressure less than-0.095 Mpa), on one hand, air is removed, the coupling effect of materials and air is reduced, the stability of material movement in the mixing process is facilitated, on the other hand, air bubbles in the materials are reduced, and the curing quality is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the conveying unit 2 sequentially connects the solid material feeding unit 4, the liquid material feeding unit 5, the mixing unit 6 and the curing unit 7 in series, so that the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be sequentially transferred from a feeding point to the solid material feeding unit 4, the liquid material feeding unit 5, the mixing unit 6 and the curing unit 7, and the solidified ammunition is conveyed to the next processing point; the solid material feeding unit 4 is positioned at the upstream of the liquid material feeding unit 5, namely, the powder is firstly added and then the liquid is added, so that the liquid can cover the powder, and the dust generated during the treatment of the mixing unit 6 can be reduced.
The number of the transfer mechanical arms 3 is 2, one transfer mechanical arm is arranged on the upper side of the mixing unit 6, and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be conveyed between the mixing unit 6 and the conveying unit 2; the other is arranged on the upper side of the curing unit 7, and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be conveyed between the curing unit 7 and the conveying unit 2;
the auxiliary unit 8 is connected to the mixing unit 6 by a pipe.
The working principle of the ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is as follows: firstly, assembling a cartridge case and a cartridge case fixing tool 1, and putting the cartridge case and the cartridge case fixing tool into a conveying unit 2 from a feeding point; the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to a solid material feeding unit 4 for solid material feeding; after solid material feeding is completed, the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the liquid material feeding unit 5 for liquid material feeding; after liquid material feeding is completed, the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the mixing unit 6, the transferring mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the mixing unit 6, the mixing unit 6 automatically clamps the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and mixed charging is started; after mixed charging is completed, the mixing unit 6 automatically releases the cartridge case fixing tool 1, the transferring mechanical arm 3 carries the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the conveying unit 2, and the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the curing unit 7; the transfer mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to a curing unit 7 to start curing; after solidification, the transferring mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the conveying unit 2, and the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the next processing point.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, an ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is characterized by comprising: the shell fixing device comprises a shell fixing tool 1, a conveying unit 2, a transfer mechanical arm 3, a solid material feeding unit 4, a liquid material feeding unit 5, a mixing unit 6, a curing unit 7 and an auxiliary unit 8;
the cartridge case fixing tool 1 is an assembly body with a cartridge case positioning structure, and is used for positioning the cartridge case, carrying and fixedly mounting the cartridge case on the mixing unit 6 after being assembled with the cartridge case;
the conveying unit 2 is a conveying mechanism with a positioning detection sensor and is used for conveying the cartridge case fixing tool 1 at different stations;
the solid material feeding unit 4 is a mechanism with weighing, metering, feeding and proportioning functions, comprises 2-4 quantitative feeders and is used for feeding 2-4 main component powder materials;
the liquid material feeding unit 5 is a mechanism for feeding by volume metering, and comprises 2-4 displacement pumps for feeding 2-4 main component liquid ingredients; aiming at the solid and liquid components of the minor components, the minor components can be mixed with the liquid of the main component in advance according to the proportion and then the materials are added by a volumetric pump;
the mixing unit 6 is a vibration system with adjustable acceleration of 0-100g and adjustable frequency of 50-65Hz, and is provided with an automatic clamping mechanism to clamp the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and the mixing unit 6 is used for mixing materials in the cartridge case, so that a charging link is omitted; the vibration acceleration is adjustable at 0-100g, the frequency is adjustable at 50-65Hz, and the vibration device is particularly suitable for explosive materials with the solid content of 80-93%;
the curing unit 7 is a vacuum oven with controllable temperature of 20-90 ℃ and controllable vacuum degree of-0.05 Mpa to-0.095 Mpa, and the temperature of 20-90 ℃ is adjustable, so that the curing speed of materials can be adjusted, and the curing effect can be ensured; the vacuum degree is controllable from minus 0.05Mpa to minus 0.095Mpa, which is beneficial to eliminating bubbles wrapped in the material;
the auxiliary unit 8 is a water ring vacuum pump with the maximum vacuum degree not higher than-0.095 MPa and a cold-hot integrated machine with the temperature control range of 20-100 ℃; the vacuum degree is not higher than-0.095 Mpa (absolute pressure less than-0.095 Mpa), on one hand, air is removed, the coupling effect of materials and air is reduced, the stability of material movement in the mixing process is facilitated, on the other hand, air bubbles in the materials are reduced, and the curing quality is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the conveying unit 2 sequentially connects the solid material feeding unit 4, the liquid material feeding unit 5, the mixing unit 6 and the curing unit 7 in series, so that the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be sequentially transferred from a feeding point to the solid material feeding unit 4, the liquid material feeding unit 5, the mixing unit 6 and the curing unit 7, and the solidified ammunition is conveyed to the next processing point; the solid material feeding unit 4 is positioned at the upstream of the liquid material feeding unit 5, namely, the powder is firstly added and then the liquid is added, so that the liquid can cover the powder, and the dust generated during the treatment of the mixing unit 6 can be reduced.
The number of the transfer mechanical arms 3 is 2, one transfer mechanical arm is arranged on the upper side of the mixing unit 6, and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be conveyed between the mixing unit 6 and the conveying unit 2; the other is arranged on the upper side of the curing unit 7, and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be conveyed between the curing unit 7 and the conveying unit 2;
the auxiliary unit 8 is connected to the mixing unit 6 by a pipe.
The working principle of the ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is as follows: firstly, assembling a cartridge case and a cartridge case fixing tool 1, and putting the cartridge case and the cartridge case fixing tool into a conveying unit 2 from a feeding point; the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to a solid material feeding unit 4 for solid material feeding; after solid material feeding is completed, the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the liquid material feeding unit 5 for liquid material feeding; after liquid material feeding is completed, the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the mixing unit 6, the transferring mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the mixing unit 6, the mixing unit 6 automatically clamps the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and mixed charging is started; after mixed charging is completed, the mixing unit 6 automatically releases the cartridge case fixing tool 1, the transferring mechanical arm 3 carries the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the conveying unit 2, and the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the curing unit 7; the transfer mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to a curing unit 7 to start curing; after solidification, the transferring mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the conveying unit 2, and the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the next processing point.
As shown in fig. 2, preferably, the cartridge case fixing tool 1 includes a riser 11, a cartridge case fixing frame 12, and a sealing gasket 13; the dead head 11 is of a cylindrical structure, a cartridge case positioning structure is arranged on the dead head 11 and is coaxially mounted with a cartridge case, a sealing gasket 13 is arranged in the middle of the dead head, and the cartridge case and the sealing gasket 13 are tightly pressed on the dead head 11 through bolts by a cartridge case fixing frame 13; the riser is also provided with a positioning hole 111 for positioning the mixing unit 6 and a sealing surface 112 for sealing the mixing unit 6. The feeder 11 is used for filling a high-filling elastomer, and the initial powder and liquid have low stacking density, so that the stacking volume is larger than the volume of the shell, and the feeder 11 can accommodate initial materials stacked before mixing.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, an ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is characterized by comprising: the shell fixing device comprises a shell fixing tool 1, a conveying unit 2, a transfer mechanical arm 3, a solid material feeding unit 4, a liquid material feeding unit 5, a mixing unit 6, a curing unit 7 and an auxiliary unit 8;
the cartridge case fixing tool 1 is an assembly body with a cartridge case positioning structure, and is used for positioning the cartridge case, carrying and fixedly mounting the cartridge case on the mixing unit 6 after being assembled with the cartridge case;
the conveying unit 2 is a conveying mechanism with a positioning detection sensor and is used for conveying the cartridge case fixing tool 1 at different stations;
the solid material feeding unit 4 is a mechanism with weighing, metering, feeding and proportioning functions, comprises 2-4 quantitative feeders and is used for feeding 2-4 main component powder materials;
the liquid material feeding unit 5 is a mechanism for feeding by volume metering, and comprises 2-4 displacement pumps for feeding 2-4 main component liquid ingredients; aiming at the solid and liquid components of the minor components, the minor components can be mixed with the liquid of the main component in advance according to the proportion and then the materials are added by a volumetric pump;
the mixing unit 6 is a vibration system with adjustable acceleration of 0-100g and adjustable frequency of 50-65Hz, and is provided with an automatic clamping mechanism to clamp the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and the mixing unit 6 is used for mixing materials in the cartridge case, so that a charging link is omitted; the vibration acceleration is adjustable at 0-100g, the frequency is adjustable at 50-65Hz, and the vibration device is particularly suitable for explosive materials with the solid content of 80-93%;
the curing unit 7 is a vacuum oven with controllable temperature of 20-90 ℃ and controllable vacuum degree of-0.05 Mpa to-0.095 Mpa, and the temperature of 20-90 ℃ is adjustable, so that the curing speed of materials can be adjusted, and the curing effect can be ensured; the vacuum degree is controllable from minus 0.05Mpa to minus 0.095Mpa, which is beneficial to eliminating bubbles wrapped in the material;
the auxiliary unit 8 is a water ring vacuum pump with the maximum vacuum degree not higher than-0.095 MPa and a cold-hot integrated machine with the temperature control range of 20-100 ℃; the vacuum degree is not higher than-0.095 Mpa (absolute pressure less than-0.095 Mpa), on one hand, air is removed, the coupling effect of materials and air is reduced, the stability of material movement in the mixing process is facilitated, on the other hand, air bubbles in the materials are reduced, and the curing quality is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the conveying unit 2 sequentially connects the solid material feeding unit 4, the liquid material feeding unit 5, the mixing unit 6 and the curing unit 7 in series, so that the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be sequentially transferred from a feeding point to the solid material feeding unit 4, the liquid material feeding unit 5, the mixing unit 6 and the curing unit 7, and the solidified ammunition is conveyed to the next processing point; the solid material feeding unit 4 is positioned at the upstream of the liquid material feeding unit 5, namely, the powder is firstly added and then the liquid is added, so that the liquid can cover the powder, and the dust generated during the treatment of the mixing unit 6 can be reduced.
The number of the transfer mechanical arms 3 is 2, one transfer mechanical arm is arranged on the upper side of the mixing unit 6, and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be conveyed between the mixing unit 6 and the conveying unit 2; the other is arranged on the upper side of the curing unit 7, and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be conveyed between the curing unit 7 and the conveying unit 2;
the auxiliary unit 8 is connected to the mixing unit 6 by a pipe.
The working principle of the ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is as follows: firstly, assembling a cartridge case and a cartridge case fixing tool 1, and putting the cartridge case and the cartridge case fixing tool into a conveying unit 2 from a feeding point; the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to a solid material feeding unit 4 for solid material feeding; after solid material feeding is completed, the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the liquid material feeding unit 5 for liquid material feeding; after liquid material feeding is completed, the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the mixing unit 6, the transferring mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the mixing unit 6, the mixing unit 6 automatically clamps the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and mixed charging is started; after mixed charging is completed, the mixing unit 6 automatically releases the cartridge case fixing tool 1, the transferring mechanical arm 3 carries the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the conveying unit 2, and the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the curing unit 7; the transfer mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to a curing unit 7 to start curing; after solidification, the transferring mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the conveying unit 2, and the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the next processing point.
As shown in fig. 2, preferably, the cartridge case fixing tool 1 includes a riser 11, a cartridge case fixing frame 12, and a sealing gasket 13; the dead head 11 is of a cylindrical structure, a cartridge case positioning structure is arranged on the dead head 11 and is coaxially mounted with a cartridge case, a sealing gasket 13 is arranged in the middle of the dead head, and the cartridge case and the sealing gasket 13 are tightly pressed on the dead head 11 through bolts by a cartridge case fixing frame 13; the riser is also provided with a positioning hole 111 for positioning the mixing unit 6 and a sealing surface 112 for sealing the mixing unit 6. The feeder 11 is used for filling a high-filling elastomer, and the initial powder and liquid have low stacking density, so that the stacking volume is larger than the volume of the shell, and the feeder 11 can accommodate initial materials stacked before mixing.
As shown in fig. 3, preferably, the solid material feeding unit 4 comprises a storage hopper 41, a screw quantitative feeder 42, a pre-mixer 43, and a docking device 44; the discharge port of the storage hopper 41 is opposite to the hopper feed port of the screw quantitative feeder 42 arranged right below, the storage hopper 41 and the hopper feed port are hermetically connected by adopting a soft material, and the material enters the screw quantitative feeder 42 from the storage hopper 41 by virtue of gravity; the quantity of the storage hopper 41 and the screw quantitative feeder 42 is 2, and the two main component powders can be proportioned and fed, such as feeding of hexogen and aluminum powder; a premixer 43 is arranged right below the discharge ports of the two sets of screw quantitative feeders 42; the premixer 43 is a vertical flow channel provided with a plurality of groups of cross guide plates, so that the two components can be premixed through the premixer 43 by gravity in the charging process, the conductivity of the explosive powder is enhanced, the time for mixing the explosive powder by the mixing unit 6 is favorably shortened, and the safety is improved; the butt joint device 44 is arranged at a discharge port of the premixer 43, and drives the soft material through the air cylinder to butt joint the premixer 43 with the cartridge case fixing tool 1, so that a sealed environment is formed when the material flows, powder can be prevented from flying, and the use safety is facilitated;
example 4
Referring to fig. 1, an ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is characterized by comprising: the shell fixing device comprises a shell fixing tool 1, a conveying unit 2, a transfer mechanical arm 3, a solid material feeding unit 4, a liquid material feeding unit 5, a mixing unit 6, a curing unit 7 and an auxiliary unit 8;
the cartridge case fixing tool 1 is an assembly body with a cartridge case positioning structure, and is used for positioning the cartridge case, carrying and fixedly mounting the cartridge case on the mixing unit 6 after being assembled with the cartridge case;
the conveying unit 2 is a conveying mechanism with a positioning detection sensor and is used for conveying the cartridge case fixing tool 1 at different stations;
the solid material feeding unit 4 is a mechanism with weighing, metering, feeding and proportioning functions, comprises 2-4 quantitative feeders and is used for feeding 2-4 main component powder materials;
the liquid material feeding unit 5 is a mechanism for feeding by volume metering, and comprises 2-4 displacement pumps for feeding 2-4 main component liquid ingredients; aiming at the solid and liquid components of the minor components, the minor components can be mixed with the liquid of the main component in advance according to the proportion and then the materials are added by a volumetric pump;
the mixing unit 6 is a vibration system with adjustable acceleration of 0-100g and adjustable frequency of 50-65Hz, and is provided with an automatic clamping mechanism to clamp the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and the mixing unit 6 is used for mixing materials in the cartridge case, so that a charging link is omitted; the vibration acceleration is adjustable at 0-100g, the frequency is adjustable at 50-65Hz, and the vibration device is particularly suitable for explosive materials with the solid content of 80-93%;
the curing unit 7 is a vacuum oven with controllable temperature of 20-90 ℃ and controllable vacuum degree of-0.05 Mpa to-0.095 Mpa, and the temperature of 20-90 ℃ is adjustable, so that the curing speed of materials can be adjusted, and the curing effect can be ensured; the vacuum degree is controllable from minus 0.05Mpa to minus 0.095Mpa, which is beneficial to eliminating bubbles wrapped in the material;
the auxiliary unit 8 is a water ring vacuum pump with the maximum vacuum degree not higher than-0.095 MPa and a cold-hot integrated machine with the temperature control range of 20-100 ℃; the vacuum degree is not higher than-0.095 Mpa (absolute pressure less than-0.095 Mpa), on one hand, air is removed, the coupling effect of materials and air is reduced, the stability of material movement in the mixing process is facilitated, on the other hand, air bubbles in the materials are reduced, and the curing quality is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the conveying unit 2 sequentially connects the solid material feeding unit 4, the liquid material feeding unit 5, the mixing unit 6 and the curing unit 7 in series, so that the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be sequentially transferred from a feeding point to the solid material feeding unit 4, the liquid material feeding unit 5, the mixing unit 6 and the curing unit 7, and the solidified ammunition is conveyed to the next processing point; the solid material feeding unit 4 is positioned at the upstream of the liquid material feeding unit 5, namely, the powder is firstly added and then the liquid is added, so that the liquid can cover the powder, and the dust generated during the treatment of the mixing unit 6 can be reduced.
The number of the transfer mechanical arms 3 is 2, one transfer mechanical arm is arranged on the upper side of the mixing unit 6, and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be conveyed between the mixing unit 6 and the conveying unit 2; the other is arranged on the upper side of the curing unit 7, and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 can be conveyed between the curing unit 7 and the conveying unit 2;
the auxiliary unit 8 is connected to the mixing unit 6 by a pipe.
The working principle of the ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is as follows: firstly, assembling a cartridge case and a cartridge case fixing tool 1, and putting the cartridge case and the cartridge case fixing tool into a conveying unit 2 from a feeding point; the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to a solid material feeding unit 4 for solid material feeding; after solid material feeding is completed, the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the liquid material feeding unit 5 for liquid material feeding; after liquid material feeding is completed, the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the mixing unit 6, the transferring mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the mixing unit 6, the mixing unit 6 automatically clamps the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and mixed charging is started; after mixed charging is completed, the mixing unit 6 automatically releases the cartridge case fixing tool 1, the transferring mechanical arm 3 carries the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the conveying unit 2, and the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the curing unit 7; the transfer mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to a curing unit 7 to start curing; after solidification, the transferring mechanical arm 3 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the conveying unit 2, and the conveying unit 2 conveys the cartridge case fixing tool 1 to the next processing point.
As shown in fig. 2, preferably, the cartridge case fixing tool 1 includes a riser 11, a cartridge case fixing frame 12, and a sealing gasket 13; the dead head 11 is of a cylindrical structure, a cartridge case positioning structure is arranged on the dead head 11 and is coaxially mounted with a cartridge case, a sealing gasket 13 is arranged in the middle of the dead head, and the cartridge case and the sealing gasket 13 are tightly pressed on the dead head 11 through bolts by a cartridge case fixing frame 13; the riser is also provided with a positioning hole 111 for positioning the mixing unit 6 and a sealing surface 112 for sealing the mixing unit 6. The feeder 11 is used for filling a high-filling elastomer, and the initial powder and liquid have low stacking density, so that the stacking volume is larger than the volume of the shell, and the feeder 11 can accommodate initial materials stacked before mixing.
As shown in fig. 3, preferably, the solid material feeding unit 4 comprises a storage hopper 41, a screw quantitative feeder 42, a pre-mixer 43, and a docking device 44; the discharge port of the storage hopper 41 is opposite to the hopper feed port of the screw quantitative feeder 42 arranged right below, the storage hopper 41 and the hopper feed port are hermetically connected by adopting a soft material, and the material enters the screw quantitative feeder 42 from the storage hopper 41 by virtue of gravity; the quantity of the storage hopper 41 and the screw quantitative feeder 42 is 2, and the two main component powders can be proportioned and fed, such as feeding of hexogen and aluminum powder; a premixer 43 is arranged right below the discharge ports of the two sets of screw quantitative feeders 42; the premixer 43 is a vertical flow channel provided with a plurality of groups of cross guide plates, so that the two components can be premixed through the premixer 43 by gravity in the charging process, the conductivity of the explosive powder is enhanced, the time for mixing the explosive powder by the mixing unit 6 is favorably shortened, and the safety is improved; the butt joint device 44 is arranged at a discharge port of the premixer 43, and drives the soft material through the air cylinder to butt joint the premixer 43 with the cartridge case fixing tool 1, so that a sealed environment is formed when the material flows, powder can be prevented from flying, and the use safety is facilitated;
as shown in fig. 4, 5, 6 and 7, preferably, the mixing unit 6 comprises a vibration system 61, a jacket housing 62, a clamping mechanism 63, a sealing gasket 64 and a riser cover 65; the vibration system 61 is a resonance machine based on a resonance principle, the resonance frequency range is 50-65Hz, and the acceleration of 0-100g can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the exciting force; the resonance frequency range of 50-65Hz and the acceleration of 0-100g can be adjusted by utilizing the resonance principle, so that the energy consumption is reduced; the jacket shell 62 is provided with a deep concave barrel-shaped structure with a flange and is fixed on a vibration table of the vibration system 61, and the flange is provided with a guide post 623 in the vertical direction; the bottom of the jacket shell 62 is provided with a water inlet 621, the upper part of the side wall is provided with a water outlet 622, and the jacket shell is connected with a cold-hot all-in-one machine contained in the auxiliary unit 8 through a pipeline; the sealing gasket 64 is arranged on the flange of the jacket shell 62, so that after the cartridge case fixing tool 1 is assembled and compressed through the guide post 623, a closed space can be formed between the jacket shell 62 and the cartridge case fixing tool 1, and heat exchange media can be used through the water inlet 621 and the water outlet 622. The jacket shell 62 and the shell form a closed jacket, the temperature of the shell is controlled through water medium heat exchange or air medium, and the control method is safer compared with other means such as electric heating, infrared heating and the like; the cap 65 is a disc-shaped cover plate, and is provided with a sealing pad 651, a positioning hole 652 and a vacuum pumping port 653; the vacuum pumping port 653 is connected to a water ring vacuum pump included in the auxiliary unit 8 through a pipe; the cap 65 is arranged above the flange of the jacket shell 62, and after the cap is installed and pressed by the guide post 623, a closed space can be formed inside the cartridge case, and the inside of the cartridge case can be vacuumized through the vacuumizing port 653; the clamping mechanisms 63 are cam structures driven by hydraulic pressure or compressed air, the number of the cam structures is 2-4, the cam structures are uniformly distributed on the flange of the jacket shell 62, after the cam structures rotate in the horizontal plane, through friction between the cam and the riser cover 65, the torque in the horizontal plane is balanced by the guide post 623 to generate a vertical downward normal force, and therefore the riser cover 65 and the cartridge case fixing tool 1 are pressed tightly; the cam structure has self-locking performance, ensures reliable fixation of the projectile body in the vibration process, and improves reliability and safety.
Claims (5)
1. An ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a cartridge case fixing tool (1), a conveying unit (2), a transfer mechanical arm (3), a solid material feeding unit (4), a liquid material feeding unit (5), a mixing unit (6), a curing unit (7) and an auxiliary unit (8);
the cartridge case fixing tool (1) is an assembly body with a cartridge case positioning structure;
the conveying unit (2) is a transmission mechanism with a positioning detection sensor;
the solid material feeding unit (4) is a mechanism with weighing, metering, feeding and batching functions and comprises 2-4 quantitative feeders;
the liquid material feeding unit (5) is a mechanism for feeding materials by volume metering and comprises 2-4 displacement pumps;
the mixing unit (6) is a vibration system with adjustable acceleration of 0-100g and adjustable frequency of 50-65Hz, and is provided with an automatic clamping mechanism to clamp the cartridge case fixing tool (1);
the curing unit (7) is a vacuum oven with controllable temperature of 20-90 ℃ and controllable vacuum degree of-0.05 Mpa to-0.095 Mpa;
the auxiliary unit (8) is a water ring vacuum pump with the maximum vacuum degree not higher than-0.095 MPa and a cold-hot integrated machine with the temperature control range of 20-100 ℃;
the conveying unit (2) sequentially connects the solid material feeding unit (4), the liquid material feeding unit (5), the mixing unit (6) and the curing unit (7) in series, so that the cartridge case fixing tool (1) can be sequentially conveyed to the solid material feeding unit (4), the liquid material feeding unit (5), the mixing unit (6) and the curing unit (7) from a feeding point, and ammunition solidified is conveyed to the next processing point;
the number of the transfer mechanical arms (3) is 2, one transfer mechanical arm is arranged on the upper side of the mixing unit (6), and the cartridge case fixing tool (1) can be conveyed between the mixing unit (6) and the conveying unit (2); the other is arranged on the upper side of the curing unit (7) and can convey the cartridge case fixing tool (1) between the curing unit (7) and the conveying unit (2);
the auxiliary unit (8) is connected with the mixing unit (6) through a pipeline.
2. An ammunition in-situ mixed charge production line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the working principle is as follows: firstly, assembling a cartridge case and a cartridge case fixing tool (1), and putting the cartridge case and the cartridge case fixing tool into a conveying unit (2) from a feeding point; the conveying unit (2) conveys the cartridge case fixing tool (1) to the solid material feeding unit (4) for solid material feeding; after solid material feeding is finished, the conveying unit (2) conveys the cartridge case fixing tool (1) to the liquid material feeding unit (5) for liquid material feeding; after liquid material feeding is completed, the conveying unit (2) conveys the cartridge case fixing tool (1) to the mixing unit (6), the transferring mechanical arm (3) conveys the cartridge case fixing tool (1) to the mixing unit (6), the mixing unit (6) automatically clamps the cartridge case fixing tool (1), and mixed charging is started; after mixed charging is finished, the mixing unit (6) automatically releases the cartridge case fixing tool (1), the transferring mechanical arm (3) carries the cartridge case fixing tool (1) to the conveying unit (2), and the conveying unit (2) conveys the cartridge case fixing tool (1) to the curing unit (7); the transfer mechanical arm (3) conveys the cartridge case fixing tool (1) to a curing unit (7) to start curing; after solidification is completed, the shell case fixing tool (1) is conveyed to the conveying unit (2) by the transfer mechanical arm (3), and the shell case fixing tool (1) is conveyed to the next processing point by the conveying unit (2).
3. The ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line of claim 1, wherein the cartridge case fixing tool (1) comprises a riser (11), a cartridge case fixing frame (12) and a sealing gasket (13); the dead head (11) is of a cylindrical structure, a cartridge case positioning structure is arranged on the dead head, the dead head and the cartridge case are coaxially arranged, a sealing gasket (13) is arranged in the middle of the dead head, and the cartridge case and the sealing gasket (13) are tightly pressed on the dead head (11) through bolts by a cartridge case fixing frame (12); the riser is also provided with a positioning hole (111) for positioning the mixing unit (6) and a sealing surface (112) for sealing the mixing unit (6).
4. An ammunition in-situ mixed charge production line according to claim 1, characterised in that the solid charge unit (4) comprises a storage hopper (41), a screw doser (42), a premixer (43), a docking device (44); the discharge hole of the storage hopper (41) is opposite to the hopper feed hole of the screw quantitative feeder (42) arranged right below, the storage hopper and the hopper are hermetically connected by adopting a soft material, and the material enters the screw quantitative feeder (42) from the storage hopper (41) by virtue of gravity; the number of the storage hoppers (41) and the screw quantitative feeders (42) is 2, and a premixer (43) is arranged right below the discharge ports of the two sets of screw quantitative feeders (42); the premixer (43) is a vertical flow passage provided with a plurality of groups of crossed guide plates; the butt joint device (44) is arranged at a discharge hole of the premixer (43), the air cylinder drives the soft material to butt joint the premixer (43) and the shell case fixing tool (1), and a sealed environment is formed when the material flows.
5. An ammunition in-situ mixed charge production line according to claim 1, characterised in that the mixing unit (6) comprises a vibration system (61), a jacket casing (62), a clamping mechanism (63), a sealing gasket (64), a riser cover (65); the vibration system (61) is a resonance machine based on a resonance principle, the resonance frequency range is 50-65Hz, and the acceleration is adjustable from 0g to 100g by adjusting the magnitude of the exciting force; the jacket shell (62) is provided with a deep concave barrel-shaped structure with a flange and is fixed on a vibration table top of the vibration system (61), and the flange is provided with a guide column (623) in the vertical direction; a water inlet (621) is formed in the bottom of the jacket shell (62), a water outlet (622) is formed in the upper portion of the side wall of the jacket shell, and the jacket shell is connected with a cold-hot all-in-one machine contained in the auxiliary unit (8) through a pipeline; the sealing gasket (64) is arranged on a flange of the jacket shell (62), so that after the cartridge case fixing tool (1) is assembled and pressed through the guide column (623), a closed space can be formed between the jacket shell (62) and the cartridge case fixing tool (1), and a heat exchange medium can be used through the water inlet (621) and the water outlet (622); the cap (65) is a disc-shaped cover plate, and a sealing gasket (651), a positioning hole (652) and a vacuum pumping hole (653) are arranged on the cap; the vacuumizing port (653) is connected with a water ring vacuum pump contained in the auxiliary unit (8) through a pipeline; the cap opening (65) is arranged above the flange of the jacket shell (62), and after the cap opening is installed and pressed through the guide post (623), a closed space can be formed inside the cartridge case, and the inside of the cartridge case can be vacuumized through the vacuumizing port (653); the clamping mechanisms (63) are cam structures driven by hydraulic pressure or compressed air, the number of the cam structures is 2-4, the cam structures are uniformly distributed on flanges of the jacket shell (62), after the cam structures rotate in a horizontal plane, through friction between the cam and the cap opening cover (65), torque in the horizontal plane is balanced by the guide column (623) to generate vertical downward normal force, and therefore the cap opening cover (65) and the cartridge case fixing tool (1) are compressed.
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| CN201811591541.0A CN109631692B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Ammunition in-situ mixed charging production line |
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| CN110440644B (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2020-09-22 | 华南理工大学 | Fusion cast explosive charging system and method |
| CN111059969B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-12-22 | 华南理工大学 | Filling method and system for continuously extruding energetic material |
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