CN109571022A - A kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft - Google Patents
A kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN109571022A CN109571022A CN201811572682.8A CN201811572682A CN109571022A CN 109571022 A CN109571022 A CN 109571022A CN 201811572682 A CN201811572682 A CN 201811572682A CN 109571022 A CN109571022 A CN 109571022A
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- gear shaft
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- material blank
- planetary reducers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/02—Machine tools for performing different machining operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing technologys of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft, comprising the following steps: forging base, isothermal normalizing determine roughing standard, determine smart benchmark, gear hobbing, heat treatment and grinding.The present invention is based on Gearmaking Technologies to optimize, and essence benchmark is determined by the way of multiple angle head cylindrical vehicle system, reduce it is subsequent because origin reference location it is inaccurate caused by mismachining tolerance, improve gear shaft precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to speed reducer correlative technology field, the processing of specifically a kind of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft
Technique.
Background technique
In speed reducer, planetary reducer is small in size with its, and transmission efficiency is high, and reduction range is wide, and precision height etc. is many to be had
Point, and be widely used in the transmission systems such as servo, stepping, direct current.Its act on be exactly under the premise of guaranteeing precision drive,
Mainly being used to, which reduces revolving speed, increases torque and reduces load/motor rotary inertia ratio.
Planetary reducer gear shaft is usually that the pinion structure number of teeth is less, and is commonly used in high speed grade, and torque is lower.It is existing
There is the processing of planetary reducer gear shaft not have to optimize for These characteristics, but uses processing work identical with gear wheel
Skill has that technique is unreasonable, causes gear shaft rigidity and wearability etc. bad, the service life is shorter.
Summary of the invention
It is above-mentioned to solve the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft
The problem of being proposed in background technique.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft, comprising the following steps:
Step 1. forges base: forging blank material using hot forging, then will pour sand removal of unpacking when being cooled to 250 DEG C, and is same
When temperature cutting dead head, it is clear to local stomata, crackle it is thorough it is clean after carry out band temperature compensation and weld, then made annealing treatment into furnace；
Step 2. normalizing: using isothermal normalizing technique, protects after the material blank after above-mentioned processing is heated austenitizing
Material blank is cooled to 550-600 DEG C after the completion of heat preservation by temperature, and isothermal is kept, then air-cooled；
Step 3. determines positioning datum:
3.1 determine roughing standard: using the left side of gear shaft as roughing standard, carrying out roughing to right side, reserve subsequent half
The surplus of finishing；
3.2. it determines smart benchmark: gear shaft end face is processed using turning process, method particularly includes: left and right
Both ends of the surface inner circle is finished, subsequent rough turn both ends of the surface time inner circle, then smart car both ends time inner circle, is reduced the diameter, smart car right end
Secondary outer circle, then reduce the diameter, rough turn right end outer circle, smart car right end outer circle；
Step 4. gear hobbing: serving horizontal hobbing machine for the material blank after smart car, first uses finger cutter cogging, milling is extremely
Transverse tooth thickness is unilateral stay 5mm surplus after, then use hobboing cutter machine-shaping；
Material blank: being put into carburizer and is added rare earth agent by step 5. heat treatment, is heated to 900-950 DEG C, keeps one
It fixes time, then carries out quenching and tempering；
Step 7. grinding: to through Overheating Treatment gear shaft inner hole, end face, axis outer diameter carry out grinding finishing.
Hot forging material selection is No. 45 steel in step 1.
As a further solution of the present invention: the rare earth agent be rare earth compound in 3~10 ‰ ratios dissolve in methanol and
It is made in formamide mixed solution.
As a further solution of the present invention: the mixed proportion of the methanol and formamide is 2:1.
As a further solution of the present invention: it further include the modifier treatment and crash handling step after roughing standard determines,
The method of the modifier treatment are as follows: if material blank does not dismantle sealed bolt using Large-scale Heater, along sealed mouth direction and hang down
Histogram will weld muscle end face upward to No. 120 channel steel lacing wires of spot welding respectively, integrally be flat on heating in hardening and tempering furnace；If using big
Type heating furnace dismantles two halves gear blank, per half along sealed mouth and secured No. 120 channel steels of the necessary spot welding of vertical direction, makees anti-deformation
Lacing wire will equally weld muscle end face upward, and successively be flat in furnace and carry out modifier treatment, come out of the stove and still keep horizontal positioned state；
The method of crash handling are as follows: the rough turn material blank after will be conditioned is placed in outdoor 60-180d and carries out weathering place
Reason.
Compared with prior art, it the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is based on Gearmaking Technologies to optimize, uses
The mode of multiple angle head cylindrical vehicle determines smart benchmark, reduce it is subsequent because origin reference location it is inaccurate caused by mismachining tolerance, improve tooth
Wheel shaft precision.
Specific embodiment
The following is a clear and complete description of the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, it is clear that described embodiment
Only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
Art personnel every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft, comprising the following steps:
1. forging base:
The blank material of long 233m, diameter 65mm are forged using hot forging, material selection is No. 45 steel, then will pour and be cooled to
Unpack at 250 DEG C sand removal, and whereby temperature cutting dead head, it is clear to local stomata, crackle it is thorough it is clean after carry out band temperature compensation and weld, then
It is made annealing treatment into furnace；
2. normalizing:
It using isothermal normalizing technique, is kept the temperature after the material blank after above-mentioned processing is heated austenitizing, heat preservation is completed
Material blank is cooled to 550-600 DEG C afterwards, isothermal is kept, and is changed overcooling austenite in this temperature range and is finished, and is obtained relatively thin
Pearlitic structrure, it is then air-cooled, to obtain the heat treatment process of preferable processing performance and mechanical property；
3. determining positioning datum:
3.1 determine roughing standard: using the left side of gear shaft as roughing standard, slightly add to right side and inner circle 40mm diameter
Work, and overall length 231mm is protected, subsequent semi-finished surplus is reserved, once, therefore usual roughing standard only uses in slubbing process
Selection left side is roughing standard, can avoid datum level and reuses, reduces following process error；
3.2. determine smart benchmark: for gear shaft end face, because not high to its required precision, can be used turning process into
Row processing, for both ends of the surface, finishes left and right ends inner circle, subsequent rough turn both ends of the surface time inner circle, diameter 37mm, then
Smart car both ends time inner circle is to diameter 35mm, then smart car right end time outer circle is to 33mm, smart car right end time outer circle to 30mm, rough turn right end
Outer circle is to 25mm, smart car right end outer circle to 20mm；
4. gear hobbing: the material blank after smart car being served horizontal hobbing machine, first uses finger cutter cogging, milling to transverse tooth thickness
It is unilateral stay 5mm surplus after, then use hobboing cutter machine-shaping；
5. heat treatment:
Material blank is put into carburizer to and is added rare earth agent, rare earth agent is that rare earth compound is dissolved in 3~10 ‰ ratios
In methanol and formamide mixed solution (ratio 2:1) and be made, be heated to 900-950 DEG C, keep certain time, then quench
Fire and tempering, the surface hardness of test specimen is up to HRC58~62 after carburizing and quenching, centre hardness HRC30~45, wearability and
Fatigue resistance is stronger；Rare earth agent is added, has infiltration rate fast, the features such as temperature is low, the Available Hardened Depth, small gear shifting quadrant texturing, and change
It has been apt to diffusion layer organization and mechanical property, has improved product quality and qualification rate；
7. grinding:
To through Overheating Treatment gear shaft inner hole, end face, axis outer diameter carry out grinding finishing, further increase size essence
Degree and reduction geometric tolerance.
Embodiment two also carries out quenched and crash handling, including quenched after the determination of one roughing standard of embodiment and processing
Processing and crash handling, the method for modifier treatment are as follows: to the workshop for having Large-scale Heater, material blank does not dismantle sealed bolt, and
Heat distortion in order to prevent is distinguishing No. 120 channel steel lacing wires of spot welding along sealed mouth direction and vertical direction, and will weld muscle end face court
On, integrally it is flat on heating in hardening and tempering furnace；To the workshop of not Large-scale Heater, two halves gear blank can be dismantled, per half along sealed
Mouth and secured No. 120 channel steels of the necessary spot welding of vertical direction, make anti-deforming lacing wire, will equally weld muscle end face upward, and successively be flat on
Modifier treatment is carried out in furnace, is come out of the stove and is still kept horizontal positioned state.
Rough turn material blank after conditioned is placed in outdoor 60-180d and carries out weathering processing, is completely eliminated inherent residual
Stress is stayed, prevents from causing gear to deform due to the effect of potential internal stress after finishing and in, to influence tooth
The normal transmission of wheel uses.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1. forges base: forging blank material using hot forging, then will pour sand removal of unpacking when being cooled to 250 DEG C, and is warm simultaneously
It cuts dead head, local stomata, the clear thorough clean rear progress band temperature compensation of crackle is welded, then made annealing treatment into furnace；
Step 2. normalizing: using isothermal normalizing technique, keeps the temperature after the material blank after above-mentioned processing is heated austenitizing, protects
Material blank is cooled to 550-600 DEG C after the completion of temperature, isothermal is kept, then air-cooled；
Step 3. determines positioning datum:
3.1 determine roughing standard: using the left side of gear shaft as roughing standard, carrying out roughing to right side, reserve subsequent half finishing
The surplus of work；
3.2. it determines smart benchmark: gear shaft end face is processed using turning process, method particularly includes: left and right ends
Face inner circle is finished, subsequent rough turn both ends of the surface time inner circle, then smart car both ends time inner circle, is reduced the diameter, smart car right end time is outer
Circle, then reduce the diameter, rough turn right end outer circle, smart car right end outer circle；
Step 4. gear hobbing: serving horizontal hobbing machine for the material blank after smart car, first uses finger cutter cogging, milling to transverse tooth thickness
It is unilateral stay 5mm surplus after, then use hobboing cutter machine-shaping；
Material blank: being put into carburizer and is added rare earth agent by step 5. heat treatment, is heated to 900-950 DEG C, keeps a timing
Between, then carry out quenching and tempering；
Step 7. grinding: to through Overheating Treatment gear shaft inner hole, end face, axis outer diameter carry out grinding finishing.
2. a kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
Hot forging material selection is No. 45 steel in rapid 1.
3. a kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating rare earth agent is that rare earth compound is dissolved in methanol and formamide mixed solution in 3~10 ‰ ratios and is made.
4. a kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: institute
The mixed proportion for stating methanol and formamide is 2:1.
5. a kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: also
Including the modifier treatment and crash handling step after roughing standard determines, the method for the modifier treatment are as follows: if being added using large-scale
Hot stove, then material blank does not dismantle sealed bolt, is distinguishing No. 120 channel steel lacing wires of spot welding along sealed mouth direction and vertical direction, and
Muscle end face will be welded upward, and integrally be flat on heating in hardening and tempering furnace；If not using Large-scale Heater, two halves gear blank is dismantled, per half
Along sealed mouth and secured No. 120 channel steels of the necessary spot welding of vertical direction, make anti-deforming lacing wire, will equally weld muscle end face upward, successively
It is flat in furnace and carries out modifier treatment, come out of the stove and still keep horizontal positioned state；
The method of crash handling are as follows: the rough turn material blank after will be conditioned is placed in outdoor 60-180d and carries out weathering processing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811572682.8A CN109571022A (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | A kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811572682.8A CN109571022A (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | A kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109571022A true CN109571022A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811572682.8A Pending CN109571022A (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | A kind of processing technology of accurate three planetary reducers gear shaft |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110216430A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-09-10 | 兴化市统一齿轮有限公司 | A kind of processing method of hollow gear shaft |
| CN110242730A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-17 | 无锡腾马精密机械有限公司 | Planetary reducer sun gear and input shaft, planet carrier package assembly |
| CN111549206A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-18 | 张家港广大特材股份有限公司 | Heat treatment process for high-wear-resistance antirust gear steel |
| CN111546009A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-18 | 淮北良信矿山机器有限公司 | Manufacturing method of mining machinery axle |
| CN111633390A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-08 | 惠州市金箭精密部件有限公司 | Gear shaft machining process |
| CN111795064A (en) * | 2020-07-11 | 2020-10-20 | 重庆百花园齿轮传动技术研究所 | Ceramic and carburizing bearing steel mixed material bearing |
| CN112059565A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-11 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Precision manufacturing method of high-strength stainless steel thin-wall bevel gear |
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| JPS6288521A (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1987-04-23 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Toothed composite shaft body |
| CN102990166A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-03-27 | 郑州卫华工程机械有限公司 | Gear shaft machining method and gear shaft clamping tool used in method |
| CN104646948A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-05-27 | 李恺 | Machining method of high-precision gear shaft |
| CN106363377A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-02-01 | 陕西启源科技发展有限责任公司 | Machining method of gear shafts |
| CN107116346A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-01 | 燕凌飞 | A kind of method for fine finishing of spiral bevel gear |
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2018
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS6288521A (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1987-04-23 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Toothed composite shaft body |
| CN102990166A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-03-27 | 郑州卫华工程机械有限公司 | Gear shaft machining method and gear shaft clamping tool used in method |
| CN104646948A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-05-27 | 李恺 | Machining method of high-precision gear shaft |
| CN106363377A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-02-01 | 陕西启源科技发展有限责任公司 | Machining method of gear shafts |
| CN107116346A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-01 | 燕凌飞 | A kind of method for fine finishing of spiral bevel gear |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110216430A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-09-10 | 兴化市统一齿轮有限公司 | A kind of processing method of hollow gear shaft |
| CN110242730A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-17 | 无锡腾马精密机械有限公司 | Planetary reducer sun gear and input shaft, planet carrier package assembly |
| CN111549206A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-18 | 张家港广大特材股份有限公司 | Heat treatment process for high-wear-resistance antirust gear steel |
| CN111546009A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-18 | 淮北良信矿山机器有限公司 | Manufacturing method of mining machinery axle |
| CN111633390A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-08 | 惠州市金箭精密部件有限公司 | Gear shaft machining process |
| WO2022001035A1 (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-01-06 | 惠州市金箭精密部件有限公司 | Gear shaft machining process |
| CN111795064A (en) * | 2020-07-11 | 2020-10-20 | 重庆百花园齿轮传动技术研究所 | Ceramic and carburizing bearing steel mixed material bearing |
| CN112059565A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-11 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Precision manufacturing method of high-strength stainless steel thin-wall bevel gear |
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