CN109498044A - A kind of PET annular detection imaging system based on flash fiber - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to electron emission technical field of imaging, and disclose a kind of PET annular detection imaging system based on flash fiber.The system comprises multiple along the sequentially connected detector module of central axis, and each detector module is collectively constituted by flash fiber unit and optical sensor unit, optical sensor unit is symmetrically arranged at the both ends of the flash fiber unit as a whole, and the optical sensor unit respectively held is each equipped with multiple optical sensors and each optical sensor respectively corresponds to the multiple flash fibers coupled in the flash fiber unit.Through the invention, the influence of energy attenuation error caused by positioning is effectively reduced, be easy to judge flash fiber response location, will not because of multiple detector modules splicing and cause missing inspection test leakage, detection information is more accurate comprehensive, so that PET annular detection imaging system has high efficiency and high sensitivity, the high resolution of imaging, device feature more compact.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electron emission technical field of imaging, more particularly, to a kind of PET annular based on flash fiber
Detection imaging system.
Background technique
PET full name is Positron Emission Computed Tomography (positron emission tomography PET),
It is the picture reproducer of the gene for reflecting lesion, molecule, metabolism and functional status.It is to utilize positron radionuclide labelled glucose etc.
Human metabolite reflects its metabolic alterations to the intake of imaging agent as imaging agent, by lesion, to provide disease for clinic
The biological metabolism information of disease.PET, as tracer, understands disease to the intake of tracer by lesions position using positron radionuclide
Stove functional metabolism state, can macroscopic view each organ function of display whole body, metabolism etc. pathophysiological features, it is easier to discovery disease
Stove.CT can be accurately positioned lesion and display lesion fine structure variation；PET/CT blending image can find lesion comprehensively, essence
It determines position and judges that lesion is good pernicious.Imaging device is more is used in scientific experiment and medical diagnosis for transmitting.Hair
The major part detector for penetrating imaging device generally comprises scintillation crystal, optical sensor and other extentions.Transmitting imaging
The detection efficiency of equipment and sensitivity and the shape of detector, the shape of crystal, detector and the arrangement mode of crystal, the side of coupling
Formula has much relations.Activity-sensing equipment has more finished product used in fields such as traffic, industry, medical treatment, is mainly existed using substance
The luminous effect or gas ionization effect generated under radiation effects carrys out work, and the detector module for emitting imaging device is same
It can be used for radiation detection.
The detector module of application in pet imaging systems uses the crystal array coupling sensor group after cutting at present
At, due to crystal cutting technique limit, be difficult traditional scintillation crystal cutting to 0.5mm at present hereinafter, and the ruler of crystal
It is very little to have important influence to the image resolution ratio of PET imaging system and the overall performance of system, with science and technology and medical treatment
Horizontal continuous development, we also have higher requirement to the resolution ratio of PET imaging system therewith, change crystal coupling sensing
The traditional approach of device becomes a kind of new selection.
Conventional crystal array coupling sensor is by technique, the limitation of cost etc., when crystal size switches to 1mm or less, at
Originally it will increase dramatically, and decoded precision is limited by crystal size.Meanwhile existing multiple detector modules circumferentially combine
Monocycle panel detector structure is constituted, annular flashing can be expanded according to actual needs in the axial expansion splicing of monocycle panel detector structure
The axial length of optical fiber PET imaging system, but the mode of this splicing will appear missing inspection test leakage in stitching portion, cause to detect
Precision it is not high, the resolution ratio of imaging is not high, secondly, the unobstructed one end using flash fiber of traditional PET imaging system is equipped with
The arrangement form of optical sensor, and this arrangement form can not obtain the depth location information of the reactant of higher precision.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of PET ring based on flash fiber
Shape detection imaging system by using the mode that multiple detector modules are arranged along center axis thereof, and utilizes detector mould
The cross section of block is that the sealing splicing of closed circular ring shape builds mode with polycyclic, so that flashing optical waveguide is shorter, is effectively reduced
Energy attenuation error caused by positioning influence, it is easier to accurately judge flash fiber in the location information to react, especially
It is to reach time difference of corresponding two end sensor of flash fiber by visible light can accurately reflect the depth information of reflection, makees simultaneously
Flash fiber is enabled to capture substance to be detected more comprehensively for the design that cross section is whole annulus, it will not be because of more
The splicing of a detector module and the missing inspection test leakage for causing stitching portion, detection information more it is accurate comprehensively, and device is more compact；
Further, since diameter of section D≤0.1mm of flash fiber of the present invention, and each sensor corresponds to multiple sudden strains of a muscle being arranged in array
Bright optical fiber, is capable of the three-dimensional space position of more precise marking compound, and then is conducive to carry out using the decoded mode of gravity model appoach
The reconstruction of image, so that the system has high efficiency and high sensitivity, the high resolution of imaging.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of PET annular spy based on flash fiber is provided
Survey imaging system, it is characterised in that: the system includes multiple along the sequentially connected detector module of central axis, and each
The detector module is collectively constituted by flash fiber unit and optical sensor unit, in which:
For each detector module, the optical sensor unit be symmetrically arranged at it is described as a whole
The both ends of flash fiber unit, and the optical sensor unit respectively held is each equipped with multiple optical sensors and each optical sensor is each
From the corresponding multiple flash fibers coupled in the flash fiber unit, in this manner it is possible to quickly receive and detect visible light
The energy signal and conduction time of son reduce in optical photon communication process to shorten the flashing optical waveguide of optical photon
Energy attenuation, and then more accurately obtain the Energy distribution and optical photon on the corresponding optical sensor of optical photon
Reach the time difference of the optical sensor at the corresponding flash fiber unit both ends；
For each flash fiber unit, each is by the multiple and detector module central axis
The flash fiber of parallel arrangement is constituted, and multiple flash fibers are arranged in array, and the diameter of section D of the flash fiber≤
0.1mm；In this manner it is possible to accurately judge gammaphoton in the place that flash fiber reacts, so that it is determined that gammaphoton
The three-dimensional space position of response location.
Further, the cross section of the detector module is the closed circle for connecting into an entirety.
Further, optical reflectance coating is coupled between the flash fiber.
Further, the arrangement mode of the multiple flash fiber is alignment or is staggered.
Further, direct-coupling, optical glue are used between the flash fiber unit and the optical sensor unit
The mode of coupling or the coupling of high transparency optical reflection membrane material connects.
Further, the optical sensor is photomultiplier tube, silicon photomultiplier or avalanche photodide.
Further, the area of the optical sensor is greater than the sectional area of the flash fiber.
Further, which comprises the following steps:
S1. the PET annular detection imaging system is placed in radioactive source environment, labeled compound buries in oblivion generation two
Reversed conllinear gammaphoton；
S2. the gammaphoton reacts in the flash fiber, generates multiple optical photons；
S3. the optical photon is conducted along the flash fiber to the optical sensor at the flash fiber both ends respectively；
S4. the optical sensor receive respectively the optical photon and detect optical photon energy signal distribution and can
The time difference of light-exposed sub- triggering optical sensor；
S5. it can determine the spatial position of radioactive source according to the throwing energy signal branch and time difference；
S6. according to the spatial positional information map molded image of multiple radioactive sources.
Further, energy signal distribution is obtained using the decoded algorithm of center of gravity in the S4.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, mainly have below
Technological merit:
1. detector of the present invention includes multiple detector modules, by using multiple detector modules along center axis thereof
The mode of arrangement, and in such a way that the sealing splicing that the cross section of detector module is closed circular ring shape is with polycyclic build, make
It is shorter that optical waveguide must be flashed, the influence of energy attenuation error caused by positioning is effectively reduced, it is easier to accurately judge flash fiber
It, can be accurate especially by the time difference that visible light reaches corresponding two end sensor of flash fiber in the location information to react
Reflect the depth information of reflection, while as the design that cross section is whole annulus flash fiber is captured more comprehensively
To substance to be detected, will not because of multiple detector modules splicing and cause the missing inspection test leakage of stitching portion, detection information is more
Add it is accurate comprehensively, and device is more compact；Further, since diameter of section D≤0.1mm of flash fiber of the present invention, and each biography
Sensor corresponds to multiple flash fibers being arranged in array, and is capable of the three-dimensional space position of more precise marking compound, and then advantageous
In the reconstruction for carrying out image using the decoded mode of gravity model appoach, so that the system has high efficiency and high sensitivity, point of imaging
The high feature of resolution.
2. the arrangement mode of multiple flash fibers of the invention is alignment or is staggered, unit plane is greatly improved
Flash fiber filling rate on product sensor, improves the image resolution ratio of PET annular detection imaging system, together more significantly
When, which can preferably be compatible with existing PET imaging system, for PET annular detection imaging system
Image reconstruction it is also more easy.
3. the PET annular detection imaging system is placed in radioactive source environment, marking by detection method of the invention
Conjunction object is buried in oblivion to generate to react in the equal labeled compound photon of two energy and flash fiber, is converted to visible light, institute
State optical sensor receive the visible light and detect the visible light energy signal distribution and conduction time it is poor, then using weight
The position that center algorithm coding symbols chemical combination is buried in oblivion, detection method is simple to operation and the result precision that obtains is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of PET annular detection imaging system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is detector module structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the aligned schematic diagram of twinkle jamming of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is twinkle jamming of the present invention in staggered schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the stereoscopic three-dimensional figure of PET annular detection imaging system of the present invention.
In all the appended drawings, same appended drawing reference indicates identical technical characteristic, specifically: 1- flash fiber unit,
2- optical sensor unit.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below that
Not constituting conflict between this can be combined with each other.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of PET annular detection imaging system based on flash fiber is provided, including multiple
Detector module, the multiple detector module are sequentially connected along center axis thereof, wherein the detector module includes flashing
Fiber unit and optical sensor unit；The flash fiber unit is made of multiple flash fibers being arranged in array, and described
Diameter of section D≤0.1mm of flash fiber, for capture labeled compound photon and with labeled compound photon bury in oblivion by
It is converted into visible light subgroup；The optical sensor unit is respectively arranged on the both ends of the flash fiber module, the light sensing
Device unit includes multiple optical sensors and each optical sensor corresponds to multiple flash fibers, for receiving and detecting optical photon
Energy signal and conduction time and accordingly inverse go out the position distribution of labeled compound.Specifically:
In the present invention, traditional crystal is substituted using flash fiber, since the transversal dimensions of flash fiber can be much smaller than
Therefore the transversal dimensions of conventional crystal can couple greater amount of flash fiber on the optical sensor of unit area, to mention
The resolution ratio of high PET annular detection imaging system.The detector module of PET annular detection imaging system is by flash fiber unit coupling
Light combination sensor unit composition, the mapping mode of coupling are many-one, i.e., couple multiple flashings simultaneously on single optical sensor
Optical fiber is arranged in twinkle jamming, due to diameter of section D≤0.1mm of flash fiber, and each optical sensor correspondence is more
A flash fiber, and the decoding precision of γ photon reaches 1mm or less, it is easy to it is anti-to judge which place flash fiber occur at
It answers, so that it is determined that the location information of reaction, while flash fiber has higher temporal resolution for discrete crystal
And accuracy.
The present invention for PET annular detection imaging system detector array quantity of the not limited in figure, in figure only
For signal, the cross section of detector module is round or regular polygon, it is preferred that the cross section of the detector module is positive six
Side shape, and the primary connection of multiple detectors head and the tail, arrange along central shaft, effectively conventional detector can be avoided in stitching portion in this way
The detection leakage phenomenon of appearance, so that detection is more comprehensive, imaging obtained is more accurate, meanwhile, this arrangement can also have
Effect obtains the depth information of reflection, so that detection information is more accurate comprehensive, and system and device is more compact.It is this novel
PET annular detection imaging system is built by the way of polycyclic splicing, the flashing light wave between the photosensor arrays of each ring end
Lead it is shorter, caused by propagation in flash fiber because of light energy attenuation on its position error influence very little.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, since the section of flash fiber is irregular circle, and sensor is generally rectangular, right
In arrangement mode of the flash fiber on optical sensor be array arrangement, it is preferred that arrangement of the flash fiber on optical sensor
There are mainly two types of modes, wherein the first flash fiber is staggered, and flash fiber filling rate is high, the promotion for resolution ratio
More significant, second arrangement mode is the mode of alignment, arrangement mode simple, intuitive, can be more easy carry out figure
As decoding.But arrangement mode of the flash fiber on optical sensor is not limited to both the above.Which can greatly improve list
Flash fiber filling rate on plane product optical sensor, improves the image resolution of PET annular detection imaging system more significantly
Rate, twinkle jamming is alignment in Fig. 3, which can preferably be compatible with existing PET annular
Detection imaging system, it is also more easy for the image reconstruction of PET annular detection imaging system, the present invention include but is not limited on
The two kinds of crystal array arrangement modes stated.Since flash fiber section is irregular cycle, twinkle jamming is being sensed
Different arrangement modes on device also have Different Effects to the resolution ratio and PET imaging system image reconstruction of optical sensor.
Between flash fiber module and the optical sensor module using direct-coupling, optical glue couples or high transparency
The mode of optical reflection membrane material coupling connects, and image reconstruction can be made more accurate, further increase detector resolution.Light
Sensor is photomultiplier tube, silicon photomultiplier or avalanche photodide.
The mode that the present invention is arranged by using multiple detector modules along center axis thereof, and utilize detector module
Cross section is that the sealing splicing of closed circular ring shape builds mode with polycyclic, so that flashing optical waveguide is shorter, energy is effectively reduced
The error caused by positioning that decays influences, it is easier to accurately judge that flash fiber in the location information to react, especially leads to
The depth information of reflection can accurately be reflected by crossing visible light and reaching time difference of corresponding two end sensor of flash fiber, while as cross
Section is that the design of whole annulus enables flash fiber to capture substance to be detected more comprehensively, will not be because of multiple inspections
Survey the splicing of device module and cause the missing inspection test leakage of stitching portion, detection information more it is accurate comprehensively, and device is more compact；This
Outside, due to diameter of section D≤0.1mm of flash fiber of the present invention, and each sensor corresponds to multiple flashings being arranged in array
Optical fiber, is capable of the three-dimensional space position of more precise marking compound, and then is conducive to carry out figure using the decoded mode of gravity model appoach
The reconstruction of picture, so that the system has the characteristics of high efficiency and high sensitivity, the high resolution of imaging.
The present invention carries out the reconstruction of image using the decoding process based on gravity model appoach, and the specific steps are acquire each channel institute
There are all energy summations of event, and draw the respective time energy histogram in all channels according to positional relationship, decoding region is every
Secondary event each column gross energy and every row gross energy, and each secondary event gross energy is asked by each column energy summation, it is acquired using gravity model appoach
Column coordinate and row coordinate.The PET annular detection imaging system is placed in radioactive source environment, labeled compound buries in oblivion generation
The equal labeled compound photon of two energy, equal label chemiluminescence of two energy arrive at flash fiber simultaneously along different paths
It reacts in flash fiber, is converted to visible light, the visible light is conducted along the flash fiber to the optical sensor, institute
It states optical sensor to receive the visible light and detect energy signal distribution and the conduction time of the visible light, according to described visible
The energy signal distribution of light and conduction time and the position buried in oblivion using centroid algorithm coding symbols chemical combination.It is carried out in conjunction with gravity model appoach
The reconstruction of image is equally applicable in the PET imaging system detector of flash fiber composition.PET annular detection imaging system
System front-end detector module is made of flash fiber coupling photosensor arrays, and gammaphoton and flash fiber are buried in oblivion instead
It should be converted into visible light subgroup, propagate, received by optical sensor, optical sensor is detected along flash fiber and optical reflectance coating
Energy signal distribution, using the generation position of centroid algorithm decoding reaction, since single gamma events reversely can be released collinearly simultaneously
Two gammaphotons are put, a pair can be collected in opposite two detector modules in a detector and meet event, by a large amount of
The acquisition of event calculates on sensor due to the time difference of two secondary responses triggering, it may be determined that the spatial position of radioactive source.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of PET annular detection imaging system based on flash fiber, it is characterised in that: the system includes multiple along center
The sequentially connected detector module of axis, and each detector module is by flash fiber unit and optical sensor unit
It collectively constitutes, in which:
For each detector module, the optical sensor unit is symmetrically arranged at the flashing as a whole
The both ends of fiber unit, and the optical sensor unit respectively held is each equipped with multiple optical sensors and each optical sensor is respectively right
Multiple flash fibers in the flash fiber unit should be coupled, in this manner it is possible to quickly receive and detect optical photon
Energy signal and conduction time reduce the energy in optical photon communication process to shorten the flashing optical waveguide of optical photon
Decaying, and then more accurately obtain the Energy distribution and optical photon arrival on the corresponding optical sensor of optical photon
The time difference of the optical sensor at the corresponding flash fiber unit both ends；
For each flash fiber unit, each is by the multiple and detector module centerline axis parallel
The flash fiber of arrangement is constituted, and multiple flash fibers are arranged in array, and the diameter of section D of the flash fiber≤
0.1mm；In this manner it is possible to accurately judge gammaphoton in the place that flash fiber reacts, so that it is determined that gammaphoton
The three-dimensional space position of response location.
2. PET annular detection imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the detector module it is transversal
Face is the closed circle for connecting into an entirety.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described in any item PET annular detection imaging systems, which is characterized in that the flash fiber
Between be coupled with optical reflectance coating.
4. PET annular detection imaging system according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the multiple flashing
The arrangement mode of optical fiber is alignment or is staggered.
5. PET annular detection imaging system according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the flash fiber
Between unit and the optical sensor unit using direct-coupling, optical glue couples or high transparency optical reflection membrane material coupling
The mode of conjunction connects.
6. PET annular detection imaging system according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that the optical sensor
For photomultiplier tube, silicon photomultiplier or avalanche photodide.
7. PET annular detection imaging system according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the optical sensor
Area be greater than the flash fiber sectional area.
8. the method detected using the described in any item PET annular detection imaging systems of claim 1-7, feature exist
In, comprising the following steps:
S1. the PET annular detection imaging system is placed in radioactive source environment, labeled compound buries in oblivion generation two reversely
Conllinear gammaphoton；
S2. the gammaphoton reacts in the flash fiber, generates multiple optical photons；
S3. the optical photon is conducted along the flash fiber to the optical sensor at the flash fiber both ends respectively；
S4. the optical sensor receives the optical photon respectively and detects energy signal distribution and the visible light of optical photon
The time difference of son triggering optical sensor；
S5. it can determine the spatial position of radioactive source according to the throwing energy signal branch and time difference；
S6. according to the spatial positional information map molded image of multiple radioactive sources.
9. the method for detection according to claim 8, which is characterized in that obtained in the S4 using the decoded algorithm of center of gravity
Energy signal distribution.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110967722A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-07 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Particle position detection device, system and method based on scintillator coding |
| CN112258506A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-01-22 | 上海培云教育科技有限公司 | Positron emission tomography simulation method and system based on numerical calculation |
| CN113009548A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳湾实验室 | Detection device and radiation azimuth measurement method |
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| US20050082485A1 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-21 | Tatsuo Torii | Direction sensitive detector of radiation |
| CN104730564A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-24 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Ultrafast gamma ray energy spectrum measuring instrument based on scintillating-fiber array |
| CN204731421U (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-10-28 | 清华大学 | The particle activity sniffer of α and β |
| CN207833031U (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-09-07 | 合肥吾法自然智能科技有限公司 | A kind of novel gamma detector reading module |
| CN108663703A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-16 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | Detector, medical image system and information processing method |
| CN109188500A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-01-11 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of PET imaging system detector based on annular flash fiber |
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| CN110967722B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2022-02-15 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Particle position detection device, system and method based on scintillator coding |
| CN112258506A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-01-22 | 上海培云教育科技有限公司 | Positron emission tomography simulation method and system based on numerical calculation |
| CN112258506B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-11-25 | 上海培云教育科技有限公司 | Positron emission tomography simulation method and system based on numerical calculation |
| CN113009548A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳湾实验室 | Detection device and radiation azimuth measurement method |
| CN113009548B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2024-04-12 | 深圳湾实验室 | Detection equipment and radiation azimuth measurement method |
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