CN109468634A - A kind of laser melting and coating technique restores the process of milling train step pad precision - Google Patents
A kind of laser melting and coating technique restores the process of milling train step pad precision Download PDFInfo
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- CN109468634A CN109468634A CN201811589317.8A CN201811589317A CN109468634A CN 109468634 A CN109468634 A CN 109468634A CN 201811589317 A CN201811589317 A CN 201811589317A CN 109468634 A CN109468634 A CN 109468634A
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
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- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to laser repairing fields, and in particular to a kind of laser melting and coating technique restores the process of milling train step pad precision.Change method especially by surface derusting, repair that preceding detection, processing removal surface fatigue layer, detection, melting and coating process determine after detection after (including technological parameter and alloy powder form), cladding, thick, essence are machined and repair detection and realize that this method is easy to operate, significantly reduces labor intensity after processing；Have the characteristics that restore former design size precision and increase surface anticorrosion is wear-resisting, improves whole service efficiency；And very little is influenced on surface, biggish deformation will not be brought, grinding machine processing rear surface is smooth, uniform, glossiness is high；By carrying out tracing detection to product after repairing, the dimensional accuracy of step pad can be restored after laser melting coating, operating cost is low, processes rear surface nondestructive inspection flawless, 3 times of service life for can satisfy normal use, and improving product or more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processes that a kind of laser melting and coating technique restores milling train step pad precision, belong to laser repairing neck
Domain.
Background technique
Step pad is that steel mill's hot continuous rolling is mounted on one of rack device, for adjusting the cushion block of lower support roll height.
By monoblock type (one piece of step pad is made of multiple steps) or split type, (every piece is a thickness, and muti-piece cushion block constitutes rank
Ladder) two kinds, for each step surface there are certain height dimension is poor, manufacture material has high alloy-structural steel and martensitic stain less steel two
Kind, main material is 34CrNi3Mo, and Surface hardened layer form has carburizing, nitriding and surface hardening etc., at work rolled slab temperature
The iron scale and a large amount of water for having high speed to splash between 600 ~ 1200 DEG C of range of degree wash away steam corrosion and wash away, itself is rolled
The effect of " round-trip " roll-force of roller vertical direction, so main form of injury are as follows: surface abrasion, conquassation and corrosion etc..
With the continuous development of China's steel industry, major part step pad is all run under event of overload at present, failure
Rate is also continuously increased, in the annual maintenance process of step pad average abrasion amount in 2-3mm with regard to that offline must be replaced, a continuous casting
Tandem rolling plate line has 168 pieces of step pads, and about 80% or more requires to replace, and replaces a new step pad cost on 170,000 left sides
The right side, all replacement needs more than 2,000 8 hundred ten thousand yuan to the step pad of plate line, and there are more than 100 families in national steel mill, more exchanges treaties ten thousand every year
More than a, therefore annual this spends pen huge.For reduced cost, turn waste into wealth, it is necessary to which recovery ruler is carried out to step pad
Very little precision.
Therefore, the process of reasonable step pad resizing precision is selected, guarantees having for the step pad after repairing
Corrosion resistance improves surface hardness and wearability, is current project urgently to be resolved.
Laser melting coating recovery technique has obtained rapid popularization in recent years and has answered extensively as a kind of advanced re-manufacturing technology
With.
Cladding laser surfaces are noncontact procession (heating workpiece without contact workpiece using intense laser beam) and input
Heat is controllable, and (by controlling the output power of laser, the size and scanning speed of spot diameter input in matrix to control
Heat).Cladding laser surfaces have energy density high, and cladding quality is fine and close, and bond strength is high, the dilution rate of microstructure of surface cladding layer
Low, the features such as heat affected area is small, other welding methods that the specification laser repair method of use can solve cause welding remnants to answer
Power and tearing tendency.Therefore it is well suited for the higher parts locally processing of quality requirement, is especially suitable for repairing complex geometry
And the small part of deformation requirements after repairing.
Laser formation is exactly to utilize laser melting coating, prepares a kind of new material in substrate surface, and form metallurgy with matrix
In conjunction with re-manufacturing technology.
What is usually selected during fabrication due to current domestic step pad itself is high temperature alloy, domestic currently without mature
Method restores its size, and therefore, the applicant has invented a kind of for ladder by theory analysis and a large amount of test
The process that the laser of pad restores precision prepares a kind of special material in conjunction with this advanced re-manufacturing technology of laser melting coating
Material is applied on step pad, can effectively be solved the above problems.
It retrieves and investigates through the applicant: step pad dimensional accuracy being restored using laser melting and coating technique laser, the country there is no elder generation
Example, foreign countries also do not see relevant report.Therefore, the step pad work appropriate using laser melting and coating technique laser repairing is searched out
Skill parameter still needs to those skilled in the art and further makes creative research work.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the above problem of the existing technology, by Improvement repeatedly, one is given
Kind laser melting and coating technique restores the process of milling train step pad precision, and the present invention is using 5 kilowatts of gas lasers to ladder
Pad carries out laser treatment, and is equipped with liftable workbench, for going up and down laser, for adjusting various types different height
Step pad, do early period and post-production with milling machine, grinding machine etc. and handle, which realizes the reparation of step pad, and
Renovation technique is easy to operate, adaptable, thermal deformation is small, normative strong, and treated, and step pad guarantees the essences such as anti-corrosion, wear-resisting
Degree, meets actual operation requirements, improves service life, and is of great value to the cost of replacement step pad.
The technical solution that the present invention provides is: a kind of laser melting and coating technique restores the process of milling train step pad precision,
It comprises the following steps that.
(1) surface derusting.
Step pad is often extremely serious by surface corrosion is used for a long time, for the ease of being detected, determining degree of impairment,
Processing of rust removing need to be carried out to its surface, the method for derusting has sanding and polishing, sandblasting, giant cleaning etc..
(2) preceding detection is repaired.
Hardness, size detection before repairing to step pad, size detection can determine step pad amount of damage, cooperation layering
Hardness determination can determine the thickness of fatigue layer and the thickness of cladding layer, nondestructive inspection detection be carried out to step pad, to ensure
There is no the crack defects for influencing to repair for step pad；If detecting that there is large area crackle on surface, or even run through new crackle, the rank
Ladder pad can not be repaired.
(3) processing removal surface fatigue layer.
By milling, processing removal surface fatigue layer, fatigue layer is mainly initial surface hardened layer (quenching layer, carburizing, infiltration
Nitrogen layer) and surface corrosion layer (having corrosion pit).
(4) it is detected after processing.
To going the step pad after fatigue layer to carry out size, hardness determination, with determining tired according to processing capacity removal is pre-designed
Step pad size after labor layer or actual processing carries out nondestructive inspection inspection to surface finally to determine the laser melting coating number of plies and thickness
It surveys, determines and repair surface without the defect for influencing laser melting coating.
(5) melting and coating process determines.
Hardness and functional layer are required according to original step pad design surface hardness and thin hardened layer or according to technical protocol
Thickness determines metal powder and the number of clad layers and thickness.
To avoid cladding layer cracking from carrying out preheating slow cooling processing in cladding process, using complex function layer process cladding,
The dimensional thickness for answering strict control bottom FM1 avoids bottom cladding thickness excessive, influences surface hardness index after processing, by figure
Paper size reserves 1mm or so and does surface layer FM2 laser melting coating；Laser melting coating is carried out to step pad with 5 kilowatts of gas lasers, first
And it is equipped with liftable workbench, for going up and down laser, keep machined surface height consistent, laser cladding process is used and pneumatically sent
Powder, component control are uniform.Melting and coating process parameter is: power: 2000-10000W, spot diameter: Φ 2-25mm, scanning speed:
200-1000mm/s protects molten bath with argon gas in cladding process using pneumatic powder feeding.
The composition of laser melting coating bottom alloy powder FM1 press mass percentage are as follows: C:0.02-1 %, Cr:10-25%,
Si:0.2-3.5%, Ni:15-40%, Mo:0.5-2.5%, Mn:0.2-1.5%, Nb:0.05-1%, B:0.02-0.5%, Fe surplus.
The composition of laser melting coating surfacing alloy powder FM2 are as follows: Cr:8-30%, Ni:10-25%, C:0.2-4%, Fe:5-20%,
Mn:0.5-2.5%, W:3-5%, Si:0.2-3.5%, V:0.2-1%, Cu:0.1-0.5%, Mo:0.3-3%, Ti:0.1-0.5%, Al:
0.02-0.5%, rare earth element≤0.1% Co: surplus.
Wherein, one or more of rare earth element La, Y, Nd, Ce.
(6) it is detected after cladding.
Size detection is carried out after cladding, is determined that cladding surplus meets processing request, is carried out nondestructive inspection detection, it is ensured that cladding
The defects of layer flawless.
(7) thick, essence machining.
Rough milling and grinding are carried out to the step pad after cladding, it is thick to reach drawing requirement dimensional accuracy and surface
Rugosity, monoblock type step pad since dimensioned area is larger, need planer-type slideway grinder carry out grinding, processing cost compared with
Height, for the depth of parallelism for guaranteeing step pad upper and lower surface after repairing, upper and lower surface is both needed to through grinding, is restored original after grinding and is set
Count dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness.
(8) it is detected after repairing.
To ensure final product quality, size, hardness determination and nondestructive inspection need to be carried out to the step pad after processing and detected.
Wherein, in FM1 alloy material: the addition of C element forms a variety of carbide with Cr, Mo, W element, it is strong to have both crystal boundary
Change the double effects with structure stability, and the addition of C element can dissolve Mo, enhance the performance of alloy, C element content is 1%
It is more although carbide is conducive to alloy strengthening more when content is more than the value although the carbide formed is less when following
The addition of C element is unfavorable for the toughness of alloy, and the toughness of well-known Fe base alloy powder is inadequate, therefore the present invention
C element additional amount and Fe base alloy powder be complementary；The addition of Cr element enhances the corrosion resistance, wear-resistant of alloy
Damage ability increases metal surface intensity and inoxidizability, but finds through a large number of experiments, and the content of Cr element cannot be too high, surpasses
25% easy temper embrittlement is crossed, if not having high temperature resistant, the anticorrosive effect of resistance to oxidation lower than 10% or less；The addition of Si element
Alloy melting point can be not only reduced, solid-liquid phase line humidity province is expanded, forms low melting eutectics body, deoxidation and reduction effect and slag making function,
Hardening, invigoration effect to coating, improve operating procedure performance, the addition of Si element can also reduce melting point to 1300 DEG C with
Under, operation and cost control to protect powder jet, and then to actual production are played the role of good；The addition of Ni element
It can play the role of wear-resisting and corrosion resistance；The addition of Mo element improves the electrode potential of matrix, and it is tough to improve anti-corrosion increase metal
Property；The addition of Mn element is not only played the role of increasing rigidity and hardness, while can make coating desulfuration and deoxidation, improves metallicity
Can, but Mn content is more than 2.5% and is easy embrittlement, generates cracking；The addition of B element can refine matrix, refined carbides, with
Many metallic elements form high rigidity oxide, while can also be heat-resisting；Niobium (Nb) element can refine crystal grain and reduce Temper brittleness
Property, improve intensity；Fe based alloy is not only able to reduce cost, additionally it is possible to improve the repellence to high-temperature carburizing environment, control heat
Expansion, but the poor toughness of Fe based alloy, therefore it is matched with other elements form the metallurgical face being well combined, coating is fine and close,
Deform the good coating of pore-free crackle, corrosion resistance wearability.
Wherein, in FM2 alloy material: Co based alloy itself has preferable corrosion-and high-temp-resistant energy, and Cr element adds
Enter to increase metal surface intensity and inoxidizability；It adds Si and increases the wetability of alloy powder to form self-melting alloy, moreover it is possible to
Melting point is reduced, powder jet is protected, but the discovery excessive alloy powder of Si content has subtle cracking in experiment；Ni element
Addition, cost can either be reduced, additionally it is possible to improve the cladding performance of alloy powder, and improve the toughness of coating；Co and Cr
Generate stable solid solution, at this time the addition of a small amount of C element of 0.2-4%, make on alloy substrate Dispersed precipitate metastable carbon
Change the carbide such as chromium, tungsten carbide, makes coating that there is higher hardness, wearability, corrosion resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance, while this contains
Amount range and cobalt-base alloys cooperate mutually be suitable for, can uniform powder feeding, be conducive to being evenly heated for powder；The addition of Fe element reduces
Cost, content control is 20% hereinafter, if the hardness of the high coating of content declines instead；The addition of W element can make alloy coat
High temperature resistant simultaneously keeps mechanical performance；The addition of V element is conducive to improve the microhardness and wearability of matrix；Cu element is micro
Addition can reduce crackle generation；The addition of Ti element can make dense structure, refine crystal grain power, prevent intercrystalline corrosion；Al member
The performance for capableing of strengthened coat is added in a small amount of of element, when addition content is on the high side, though it is helpful to coating performance raising, still
The elongation of coating declines, and blind crack occurs；The addition of rare earth element can refine crystal grain, improve alloy structure, in advance
Anti- crack resistance, it is more preferable in conjunction with base material when cladding, surface smoothness is improved, processing capacity is reduced.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are.
(1) complete process is provided to restore step pad dimensional accuracy.
(2) technology be directed to gas laser process control, feature easy to operate, using the equipment such as milling machine, grinding machine into
Row operation significantly reduces labor intensity, improves dimension precision requirement.
(3) two kinds of materials of bottom FM1 and surface layer FM2 are selected according to amount of damage laser melting coating, has and restores former design size
Precision and increase surface anticorrosion, wear-resisting feature, improve the features such as the big, surface corrosion of step pad abrasion loss, improve whole make
Use efficiency.
(4) heat input is small when laser melting coating, influences very little to surface, biggish deformation will not be brought, after grinding machine processing
Surfacing, uniform, glossiness is high.
(5) laser melting coating primer FM1 and surface material FM2 forms gradient composites, bottom powder FM1 material
Expect performance and repairs product material degree of closeness 80% or more, so binding force and base material bond strength are very good；Surface layer powder
FM2 mainly increases surface abrasion, corrosion resistance, fire-resistant oxidation resistant, by carrying out tracing detection, laser to product after repairing
It can restore the dimensional accuracy of step pad after cladding, operating cost is low, processes rear surface nondestructive inspection flawless, can satisfy just
3 times of service life for being often used, and improving product or more.
Specific embodiment
The step pad laser treatment of 1 X steel mill of embodiment restores precision.
The basis material of step pad is 34CrNi3Mo.
(1) sandblasting, derusting are carried out to step pad surface, exposes metal surface.
(2) be machined in advance, remove corrosion, wear surface and fatigue layer (after being machined to corrosion minimum point, then plus
Work 0.3-0.5mm).
(3) hardness determination judges fatigue layer thickness
Hardness HB≤290 can remove fatigue layer, and dimensional measurement abrasion loss is 5mm or so, and nondestructive inspection detection visually observes table
Face flawless has a small amount of stomata (allowing 5, the stomata for having < Φ 2 or less on every square decimeter) to can determine that and can repair with laser
It is multiple.
(4) detect after processing: after machining removal early period fatigue layer, discovery has stomata, carries out laser welding to stomata,
Repair welding is.
1., material: metal powder FM1.
2., stomata is subjected to manual cleanup with electric tool, nondestructive inspection detects visual inspection pore-free.
3., pre-made powder: metal powder is shifted to an earlier date in the prefabricated stomata to cleaning.
4., laser melting coating: technological parameter: power: 4000W, spot diameter: Φ 5mm, manually close light, stop photocontrol progress
Cladding.
5., require repair welding full after be higher than former base face 0.5-1mm.
6., to repair welding position carry out hand lapping, it is desirable that after grinding: flatness≤0.2mm.
7., nondestructive inspection detects flawless after grinding, the defects of stomata, meet laser melting coating condition.
(5) laser melting coating is carried out to step pad finished surface using gas laser, laser melting and coating process: 1. material: bottom
Layer metal powder FM1, facing metal powder FM2；2. paying attention to observing the quality and changed power of light；3. powder feeding is uniform；4. when cladding
Pay attention to scale blowing；5. to square up when cladding both ends, guarantee processing dimension；6. laser cladding technological parameter: power:
3200W, spot diameter: 5mm, scanning speed: 550mm/s, using pneumatic powder feeding, single layer cladding thickness 1-1.2mm, in cladding
Cheng Zhongyong bottom powder FM1 carries out the reserved 1mm of resizing and does surface layer, does anticorrosion antiwear layer, cladding thickness with surface layer powder FM2
Higher than processing finished product drawing 1-1.5mm.
(6) actual size detection is greater than drawing standard size 1.3mm after cladding, carries out nondestructive flaw detection examination flawless.
(7) roughing is carried out to laser melting coating surface by drawing, allowance for finish single side 0.2-0.25mm is reserved, using mill
Bed carry out later period finishing processing reach former design size tolerance grade (flatness≤0.15, verticality≤0.15, the depth of parallelism≤
0.15) and surface smoothness Ra0.8 is required.
(8) detect after repairing: dimensional discrepancy is in ± 0.06mm, geometric tolerance≤0.12, surface roughness Ra0.8, gloss
Degree reaches N6 grades, and the obvious shortcomings such as nondestructive inspection visual inspection flawless, stomata detect 9 points in finished surface after reparation
Hardness is between HRC32-47, average hardness 38.7；After using on the machine 3 years, in year abrasion loss < 0.10mm, it is integrally improved
Wearability.
Wherein, FM1 the selection of material proportion is as follows: C:0.65%, Cr:12%, Si:2%, Ni:20%, Mo:1.2%, Nb:
0.4%, Mn:0.5%, B:0.25%, Fe: surplus.
FM2 the selection of material proportion is as follows: Cr:23%, Ni:17%, C:1%, Fe:16%, Mn:1.2%, W:3.5%, Si:
1.5%, V:0.45%, Cu:0.35%, Mo:2.2%, Ti:0.25%, Nd:0.03%, Al:0.1%, Co: surplus.
The step pad laser treatment of 2 X steel mill of embodiment restores precision.
The basis material of step pad is 34CrNi3Mo.
(1) to step pad cleaning, derusting.
(2) preceding size, hardness determination are repaired, after determining that abrasion loss, nondestructive inspection detection determine, laser repairing can be carried out
(determining that abrasion loss is 2.5mm or so after detecting size).
(3) it is machined, removes the fatigue layers such as corrosion and the abrasion on surface.
(4) machining early period removal fatigue layer, detects a flaw to the nondestructive inspection of working position surface after processing, flawless, gas
The defects of hole.
(5) laser melting coating is carried out to step pad finished surface using gas laser, laser melting and coating process: 1., material: bottom
Layer metal powder FM1, facing metal powder FM2；2., pay attention to observation light quality and changed power；3., powder feeding it is uniform；4., cladding
When pay attention to scale blowing；5., cladding both ends when to square up, guarantee processing dimension；6., laser cladding technological parameter: function
Rate: 3600W, spot diameter: Φ 4.5mm, scanning speed: 450mm/s, using pneumatic powder feeding, single layer cladding thickness 0.8-
1mm), the reserved 1mm of resizing being carried out with bottom powder FM1 in cladding process and doing surface layer, it is resistance to do anti-corrosion with surface layer powder FM2
Layer is ground, remaining technological parameter selects the parameter of best laser melting coating, and guarantees that cladding layer thickness is higher than processing finished product drawing 1-
1.5mm。
(6) the defects of actual size detects after cladding, is greater than drawing size 1.2mm, carries out nondestructive inspection surface flawless.
(7) roughing is carried out to laser melting coating surface by drawing, reserves allowance for finish single side 0.15-0.20mm, used
Grinding machine carry out later period finishing processing, make step pad reach former design size tolerance grade (flatness≤0.15, verticality≤
0.15, the depth of parallelism≤0.15) and surface smoothness (Ra0.8) requirement.
(8) detect after repairing: for dimensional discrepancy in ± 0.07mm, geometric tolerance≤0.10, surface roughness are that Ra0.8 reaches N6
The defects of grade, nondestructive inspection visual inspection flawless, stomata, detects 10 points in finished surface after reparation, and hardness is in HRC30-
Between 45, average hardness 37.2；After using on the machine 2 years, year abrasion loss < 0.1mm.Wearability is improved greatly.
Wherein, FM1 the selection of material proportion is as follows: C:0.4%, Cr:16%, Si:2.5%, Ni:25%, Mo:0.7%, Nb:
0.45%, Mn:0.8%, B:0.3%, Fe: surplus.
FM2 the selection of material proportion is as follows: Cr:20%, Ni:15%, C:1%, Fe:15%, Mn:1.2%, W:3.5%, Si:
1.5%, V:0.45%, Cu:0.25%, Mo:2.2%, Ti:0.2%, Al:0.05%, Y:0.05%, Co: surplus.
By two examples and annual irregular live tracing detection, illustrate using sharp in size year abrasion loss < 0.1mm
The burn into conquassation and abrasion reparation problem of light melting and coating technique real effective solution step pad, can restore the whole of step pad
Body dimension precision requirement can satisfy normal use of the step pad in steel rolling, reach the effect of turning waste into wealth, and save a large amount of
Cost improves service life 3 times of raising or more.
Claims (2)
1. the process that a kind of laser melting and coating technique restores milling train step pad precision, which is characterized in that walked including following technique
It is rapid:
(1) surface derusting
Surface derusting is carried out to step pad by modes such as sanding and polishing, sandblasting, giant cleanings；
(2) preceding detection is repaired
Hardness, size detection, nondestructive inspection detection before repairing to step pad, determine step pad amount of damage, go fatigue layer
The thickness of thickness and cladding layer, it is ensured that there is no the crack defects for influencing to repair for step pad；
(3) processing removal surface fatigue layer
Pass through milling, processing removal surface fatigue layer；
(4) it is detected after processing
To going the step pad after fatigue layer to carry out size, hardness determination, nondestructive inspection detection；
(5) melting and coating process determines
Hardness and functional layer thickness are required according to original step pad design surface hardness and thin hardened layer, or according to technical protocol
Determine metal powder and the number of clad layers and thickness；
To avoid cladding layer cracking from carrying out preheating slow cooling processing in cladding process, using complex function layer process cladding；FM1 is
Bottom cladding alloy powder, FM2 are surface layer cladding alloy powder, melting and coating process parameter: power: 2000-10000W, hot spot
Diameter: Φ 2-25mm, scanning speed: 200-1000mm/s protects molten bath with argon gas in cladding process using pneumatic powder feeding
Shield；
(6) it is detected after cladding
Size detection and nondestructive inspection detection are carried out after cladding；
(7) thick, essence machining
Rough milling and grinding are carried out to the step pad after cladding, to reach drawing requirement dimensional accuracy and rough surface
Degree；
(8) it is detected after repairing
Size, hardness determination and nondestructive inspection detection are carried out to the step pad after processing.
2. the process that laser melting and coating technique according to claim 1 restores milling train step pad precision, which is characterized in that
Wherein, the composition of laser melting coating bottom alloy powder FM1 are as follows: C:0.02-1 %, Cr:10-25%, Si:0.2-3.5%, Ni:15-
40%, Mo:0.5-2.5%, Mn:0.2-1.5%, Nb:0.05-1%, B:0.02-0.5%, Fe surplus；
The composition of laser melting coating surfacing alloy powder FM2 are as follows: Cr:8-30%, Ni:10-25%, C:0.2-4%, Fe:5-20%, Mn:
0.5-2.5%, W:3-5%, Si:0.2-3.5%, V:0.2-1%, Cu:0.1-0.5%, Mo:0.3-3%, Ti:0.1-0.5%, Al:
0.02-0.5%, rare earth element≤0.1%, Co: surplus；
Wherein, one or more of rare earth element La, Y, Nd, Ce.
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