CN109465747B - Magnetic offset type dynamic balance grinding wheel flutter suppression device and method - Google Patents
Magnetic offset type dynamic balance grinding wheel flutter suppression device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109465747B CN109465747B CN201811238682.4A CN201811238682A CN109465747B CN 109465747 B CN109465747 B CN 109465747B CN 201811238682 A CN201811238682 A CN 201811238682A CN 109465747 B CN109465747 B CN 109465747B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/20—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor relating to feed movement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B51/00—Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic offset type dynamic balance grinding wheel flutter suppression device and a method, and the device comprises a grinding carriage, a grinding wheel main body and a vibration reduction box, wherein a balance shaft is arranged at the center of the grinding carriage, one end of the balance shaft is connected to a servo motor, the other end of the balance shaft is connected to an eccentric dynamic balance rotor, a silicon steel sheet and a winding coil are arranged on the outer surface of the eccentric dynamic balance rotor, an annular magnet is arranged on the inner side of the vibration reduction box, and a vibration reduction ball is filled in the vibration reduction box; the damping balls have friction damping, nonlinear elastic damping and nonlinear elastic force to consume the flutter energy of the grinding wheel main body, the coil group generates eddy current under the action of the magnetic field force of the annular magnet to slow down the vibration of the grinding wheel main body, electromagnetic damping is formed by the electromagnetic force between the annular magnet and the silicon steel sheets, the flutter is suppressed according to the phase deviation of the grinding wheel main body when flutter occurs, when the flutter amplitude is large, the current intensity of each winding coil is adjusted to enable the electromagnetic damping force to be maximum in the largest direction of the flutter amplitude at a specific moment, and the damping effect is enhanced through electronic control of electromagnetic deviation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grinding processing, in particular to a magnetic offset type dynamic balance grinding wheel chatter suppression device and method.
Background
In the roll grinding process, grinding chatter is a very harmful phenomenon in roll machining, which directly impairs the improvement of machining quality and production efficiency. The grinding process is always an unstable process, and the grinding vibration exists all the time and gradually increases along with the prolonging of the grinding time. At the beginning of grinding, even if vibration of other factors is not generated, the grinding wheel generates alternating force due to uneven hardness and uneven wear, and the grinding wheel also generates grinding chatter due to the regeneration effect of the grinding wheel. According to research, the roller has large mass and large volume, and has no obvious influence on the vibration, so that the vibration of the grinding wheel plays a leading role in the grinding process of the roller.
In the prior art, an active online dynamic balance method or a grinding wheel structure vibration reduction method is generally adopted for a vibration reduction scheme of a grinding wheel. Due to the limits of process maturity and manufacturing cost, the grinding wheel is required to be widely used, stable and reliable, the improvement and the development of grinding wheel structures and materials are not high, and structures capable of improving grinding chatter phenomena are prone to being externally arranged in machining and manufacturing. For the active online dynamic balance method, chinese patent CN201710812132.8 proposes a bidirectional-adjustment online dynamic balance head with two balance discs driven by a stepping motor, which includes a balance disc part and a control disc part; the balance disc part and the control disc part are respectively connected to a dynamic balance head shaft sleeve through a bearing and interference fit, the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected to the main shaft through a tension sleeve, the balance disc is driven by a stepping motor to freely rotate relative to the main shaft, and the control disc synchronously rotates with the main shaft in real time; the dual counterweight fixed radius polar coordinate system is used to provide dual counterweights by the balance disc A, B, and although the balance mass provided by each counterweight is fixed, the final overall output balance mass is changed by changing the relative angles of the dual counterweights. Chinese patent CN201510404986.3 discloses an online dynamic balance head structure of notes flowing back formula for under high rotational speed condition, including chassis and basin lid, first through-hole and a plurality of stock solution chamber have been seted up to the side on chassis, the even periphery in first through-hole that distributes in each stock solution chamber, a plurality of ring channels that are parallel to each other have been seted up along circumference on the inner wall of first through-hole, the bottom of each ring channel is equipped with the feed liquor hole that is linked together with corresponding stock solution chamber, the outside on chassis is equipped with a plurality of second through-holes that are linked together with corresponding stock solution chamber respectively, all be equipped with the choke valve in each second through-hole, the basin lid is fixed in the side on chassis, liquid volume adjustment dynamic balance through changing each cavity.
For the grinding wheel balancing device in the prior art, the following defects generally exist: 1. the vibration reduction is carried out by only using a dynamic balance principle, the vibration absorption effect is insufficient, the online real-time dynamic balance operation is realized by adopting a gravity center adjusting mode, the purpose is to reduce the vibration caused by unbalance in the working process of the rotor, however, the final purpose is to reduce or even eliminate the vibration, the rotor operates more stably, and the vibration increment is not reduced, so that the rotor vibrates more stably; 2. the counterweight is unreasonable in arrangement, the parameters such as the position and the size of the counterweight are not supported by a set of complete basic theory, the adjustment is not easy, the flutter quantity of the tail end of the wing of the airplane is the largest in the field of aviation, based on bionics, the dragonfly wing eyes are inspired, the flutter of the airplane is reduced by adopting a mode of adding the counterweight at the tail end of the wing, and the flutter can be inhibited by changing the parameters such as the size and the position of the grinding wheel counterweight; 3. the spring-damping system adopted by the traditional vibration reduction method has poor vibration reduction effect for the flutter of a grinding wheel rotor at high rotating speed, and needs a vibration reduction method with quick response and flexible control, and a novel electromagnetic damper principle provides an idea for people; 4. for the case of large amount of chatter, in order to better suppress chatter, the amount of magnetic offset needs to be adjusted to increase the effect of electromagnetic damping.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide a device and a method for restraining the flutter of the magnetic offset type dynamic balance grinding wheel, wherein friction damping, nonlinear elastic damping and nonlinear elastic force exist between the damping balls to consume the flutter energy of the grinding wheel main body, a coil group generates eddy current under the action of the magnetic field force of a ring magnet to slow down the vibration of the grinding wheel main body, electromagnetic damping is formed by the electromagnetic force between the ring magnet and silicon steel sheets, the flutter is restrained according to the phase deviation when the grinding wheel main body flutters, when the flutter amplitude is larger, the current intensity of each winding coil is adjusted to enable the electromagnetic damping force to be maximum in the maximum direction at a specific moment, and the damping effect is enhanced through electrically controlling the electromagnetic offset, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there are provided a device and a method for suppressing chatter of a magnetically-biased dynamic balance grinding wheel, the method comprising:
the flutter suppression device of the magnetic offset dynamic balance grinding wheel, the grinding wheel body 6 is fixed on one end of the main shaft 4; the main shaft 4 is of a hollow structure, the balance shaft 9 is arranged in the main shaft 4, and the axis of the balance shaft 9 is overlapped with the axis of the main shaft 4; the balance shaft 9 is driven to rotate by the servo motor 8; a vibration reduction box 10 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the grinding wheel main body 6, and an inner ring of the vibration reduction box 10 is provided with an annular magnet 12;
the vibration damping box 10 is sealed by a bolt connection cover 11, the vibration damping box 10 is uniformly divided into more than four even groups of vibration damping units 13, elastic sheets 14 are respectively inserted at the upper side and the lower side of each vibration damping unit 13, an upper piezoelectric sheet 15 is fixed at the upper side of each vibration damping unit 13 through the elastic sheets 14, and a lower piezoelectric sheet 16 is fixed at the lower side of each vibration damping unit 13 through the elastic sheets 14; the damping unit 13 is filled with a damping net bag 17, a plurality of damping balls 18 are wrapped in the damping net bag 17, a coil group 19 is connected to the inner side of the damping net bag 17 close to the annular magnet 12, and the coil group 19 is respectively connected with the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 through circuits;
an eccentric dynamic balance rotor 20 is fixed at the top end of the balance shaft 9 close to the grinding wheel main body 6, the eccentric dynamic balance rotor 20 is of an eccentric turntable-shaped structure, more than ten groups of silicon steel sheets 21 are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the eccentric dynamic balance rotor 20, winding coils 22 are wound around the silicon steel sheets 21, and the winding coils 22 around each group of silicon steel sheets 21 are respectively connected with a control box 29 through an independent circuit; and a 1-5 mm gap is formed between the top end of the silicon steel sheet 21 and the inner ring of the annular magnet 12.
The grinding carriage 1 is of a hollow structure, a support frame 2 is arranged in the middle of the grinding carriage 1, one end side wall of the support frame 2 is connected to a support table 3 through a bolt, the inner wall of the grinding carriage 1 is rotatably connected with a spindle 4, one end of the grinding carriage 1 is clamped with a gasket 5 rotatably connected with the spindle 4, one end, close to the gasket 5, of the spindle 4 is provided with a grinding wheel main body 6, the other end of the grinding carriage 1 is provided with a motor support 7 through a bolt, a servo motor 8 is fixedly arranged on the side face of the motor support 7, and an output shaft of the servo motor 8 is fixedly connected with a balance shaft 9 through a; the upper surface of the grinding carriage 1 is provided with a three-axis vibration sensor 30, the three-axis vibration sensor 30 is connected to a control box 29 through a circuit, and the control box 29 is connected with the servo motor 8 through a circuit.
The two magnetic poles of the ring magnet 12 are distributed on the inner ring and the outer ring of the ring magnet 12.
The support table 3 is mainly composed of a step-shaped cushion block, a feeding mechanism 23 parallel to the grinding wheel frame 1 is arranged on one side of the support table 3, a supporting mechanism 24 is arranged at the bottom of the support table 3, and the feeding mechanism 23 adopts a hydraulic power unit.
The ring-shaped magnet 12 is Ru FeB, the elastic sheet 14 is a wavy elastic reed, the vibration reduction net bag 17 is an elastic net bag, and the vibration reduction ball 18 comprises a central copper ball 25 and coating rubber 26 on the surface of the copper ball 25.
The upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 are both piezoelectric ceramic sheets, the two side surfaces of the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 are respectively connected with a positive terminal 27 and a negative terminal 28, one end of the coil assembly 19 is respectively connected to the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 through terminals with different polarities, and the other end of the coil assembly 19 is respectively connected to the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 through terminals with different polarities.
The PLC and the PY2770-G type grinding wheel dynamic balancing instrument are arranged in the control box 29 and are connected through a circuit.
The one end fixedly connected with belt pulley 31 that main shaft 4 is close to motor support 7, motor support 7 establishes to trilateral structure, motor support 7's bottom surface is vacant.
The two ends of the support frame 2 are both arc structures, the bottom side of the support frame 2 is horizontally arranged, the top side of the support frame 2 is obliquely arranged, and the support frame 2 is integrally in a large-fillet triangle shape.
The invention further discloses a method for inhibiting the flutter of a magnetic offset type dynamic balance grinding wheel, which comprises the steps of starting a roll grinder, adjusting the feeding speed through a feeding mechanism 23 when the grinding wheel main body 6 and a roll are respectively started to normal rotating speeds, acquiring the flutter vibration quantity through a three-shaft vibration sensor 30 on a grinding carriage 1 when the grinding wheel main body 6 vibrates in the contact grinding process of the outer surface of the grinding wheel main body 6 and the outer surface of the roll due to the damage of the surface of the roll and the time lag action in the grinding process, transmitting the flutter vibration quantity to a control box 29 through a circuit, controlling the rotating speed and the amplitude of a servo motor 8 through the control box 29, and driving an eccentric dynamic balance rotor 20 to rotate through a balance shaft 9;
the vibration of the grinding wheel body 6 can be absorbed by the elastic sheet 14 and the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 connected with the elastic sheet 14, in the process, because two ends of the coil group 19 are respectively connected to the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 through binding posts with different polarities, the same current direction is applied to the coil group 19 by the electric charge quantity generated by the vibration quantity by the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16, and the electrified coil group 19 can generate eddy current under the action of the magnetic field force of the annular magnet 12 to slow down the vibration of the annular magnet 12 and the grinding wheel body 6 connected with the annular magnet 12;
the friction damping, the nonlinear elastic damping and the nonlinear elastic force exist among the plurality of vibration reduction balls 18 which are wrapped by the vibration reduction net bag 17 in the vibration reduction unit 13, the vibration reduction balls 18 consume the vibration energy, the vibration reduction balls 18 comprise central copper balls 25, the balance weight and inertia of the grinding wheel main body 6 are increased, the vibration reduction balls 18 can form the effect of a miniature nonlinear dynamic vibration absorber, and due to the inertia, the displacement of the vibration reduction balls 18 in the vibration direction lags, pressure can be applied to the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 in the corresponding direction, and the eddy current effect of the coil group 19 is increased;
the ring magnet 12 is used as a connecting medium, the control box 29 respectively controls the current intensity of each winding coil 22, when the current intensity of each winding coil 22 is equal, an electromagnetic effect is formed between the silicon steel sheets 21 on the outer surface of the eccentric dynamic balance rotor 20 and the winding coil 22, the electromagnetic force between the ring magnet 12 and the silicon steel sheets 21 forms electromagnetic damping, vibration is reduced according to the phase deviation when the grinding wheel main body 6 vibrates, when the vibration quantity is increased, in order to enhance the vibration reduction effect, the current intensity of each winding coil 22 is adjusted through the control box 29, the electromagnetic damping force in the direction with the vibration amplitude maximum at a specific moment is maximum, and the vibration reduction effect is enhanced through the electronic control of the electromagnetic deviation.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. the eccentric dynamic balance rotor is driven to rotate by the servo motor, dynamic balance vibration reduction is carried out according to a mature rotor dynamic balance principle and a control scheme, the reliability is high, and a better vibration reduction effect can be realized;
2. when the grinding wheel vibrates, the piezoelectric ceramic piece is impacted by the energy of self-excited vibration, the same current direction is applied to the coil group by adjusting the direction of the wiring terminal of the piezoelectric ceramic piece, the electrified coil group can generate eddy current under the action of the magnetic field force of the annular magnet, and the annular magnet and the grinding wheel main body connected with the annular magnet can be slowed down by the eddy current according to the Lenz law;
3. friction damping, nonlinear elastic damping and nonlinear elastic force exist among a plurality of vibration reduction balls coated by vibration reduction net bags in the vibration reduction unit, and the plurality of vibration reduction balls consume flutter energy of the grinding wheel main body so as to suppress flutter;
4. the vibration reduction ball adopts a structure of combining a central copper ball and cladding rubber, the balance weight of the grinding wheel main body is increased, and the effect of a nonlinear dynamic vibration absorber is formed to inhibit vibration;
5. the displacement of the vibration reduction ball in the vibration direction is delayed, pressure is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic piece in the corresponding direction, the current intensity on the coil group is increased, and the eddy current inhibits the vibration effect;
6. when the flutter amplitude is smaller, the current intensity of the winding coil is equal, the electromagnetic force between the annular magnet and the silicon steel sheet forms an electromagnetic damping principle, and the flutter is restrained according to the phase deviation when the grinding wheel main body flutters;
7. when the flutter amplitude is larger, the current intensity of each winding coil is adjusted, so that the electromagnetic damping force is maximum in the direction of maximum flutter amplitude at a specific moment, and the damping effect is enhanced through the electronic control magnetic shift.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front side view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of a damping unit;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a damping ball;
fig. 7 is a circuit connection diagram of the coil assembly.
In the figure: 1. a grinding carriage; 2. a support frame; 3. a support table; 4. a main shaft; 5. a gasket; 6. a grinding wheel main body; 7. a motor bracket; 8. a servo motor; 9. a balance shaft; 10. a vibration damping box; 11. a cover; 12. a ring magnet; 13. a vibration reduction unit; 14. an elastic sheet; 15. an upper piezoelectric sheet; 16. pressing down the piezoelectric sheet; 17. a vibration reduction net bag; 18. a vibration damping ball; 19. a coil assembly; 20. an eccentric dynamic balance rotor; 21. silicon steel sheets; 22. a winding coil; 23. a feed mechanism; 24. a support mechanism; 25. copper balls; 26. coating rubber; 27. a positive terminal; 28. a negative terminal; 29. a control box; 30. a three-axis vibration sensor; 31. a pulley.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
According to the drawings of fig. 1-7, the invention provides a magnetic offset dynamic balance grinding wheel flutter suppression device and a method, and the technical scheme is as follows:
comprises that
The grinding wheel frame 1 is of a hollow structure, a support frame 2 is arranged in the middle of the grinding wheel frame 1, two ends of the support frame 2 are both of circular arc structures, the bottom edge of the support frame 2 is horizontally arranged, the top edge of the support frame 2 is obliquely arranged, the support frame 2 is integrally of a large-circular-angle triangle, the support frame 2 is structurally designed to improve rigidity and stability, one end side wall of the support frame 2 is connected to a support table 3 through bolts, the support table 3 is of a structure taking a stepped cushion block as a main body, a feeding mechanism 23 parallel to the grinding wheel frame 1 is arranged on one side of the support table 3, the feeding mechanism 23 adopts a hydraulic power unit and is used for providing transverse feeding force for the support table 3, a supporting mechanism 24 is arranged at the bottom of the support table 3 and is used for controlling the height of the support table 3, a main shaft 4 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the grinding, the main shaft 4 is driven to rotate through a belt pulley 31, a gasket 5 which is rotatably connected with the main shaft 4 is clamped at one end of the grinding wheel frame 1, a grinding wheel main body 6 is installed at one end, close to the gasket 5, of the main shaft 4, the grinding wheel main body 6 is used for grinding a roller, a motor support 7 is installed at one end of the grinding wheel frame 1 through a bolt, the motor support 7 is of a three-surface structure, the bottom surface of the motor support 7 is vacant, a space is reserved for a belt driven by the belt pulley 31, a servo motor 8 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the motor support 7, an output shaft of the servo motor 8 is fixedly connected with a balance shaft 9 through a coupler, the axis of the balance shaft 9 is overlapped with the axis;
a damping box 10 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the grinding wheel main body 6, the damping box is of a double-layer annular box-shaped structure, the outer side of the damping box 10 is connected with a cover 11 matched with the damping box through bolts, the inner ring of the damping box 10 is set as an annular magnet 12, the annular magnet 12 is Ru ferroboron, two magnetic poles of the annular magnet 12 are distributed on the inner ring and the outer ring, the damping box 10 is evenly divided into more than four even groups of damping units 13, the damping units 13 are used in pairs according to a symmetrical relation, the balance weight of the grinding wheel main body 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the number of the damping units 13, elastic sheets 14 are respectively inserted on the upper side and the lower side of the damping units 13, the elastic sheets 14 are wavy elastic reeds, an upper piezoelectric sheet 15 is fixed on the upper side of the damping units 13 through the elastic sheets 14, a lower piezoelectric sheet 16 is fixed on the lower side of the damping units 13 through, the two side surfaces of the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 are respectively connected with a positive terminal 27 and a negative terminal 28, the vibration reduction unit 13 is filled with a vibration reduction string bag 17, the vibration reduction string bag 17 is an elastic string bag, a plurality of vibration reduction balls 18 are wrapped in the vibration reduction string bag 17, the vibration reduction string bag 17 is used for restraining the distance between the vibration reduction balls 18, each vibration reduction ball 18 comprises a central copper ball 25 and coated rubber 26 on the surface of the copper ball 25, the inner side, close to the annular magnet 12, of the vibration reduction string bag 17 is connected with a coil group 19, the coil group 19 is respectively connected with the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 through circuits, one end of the coil group 19 is respectively connected to the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 through terminals with different polarities, and the other end of the coil group 19 is respectively connected to the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 through terminals with;
an eccentric dynamic balance rotor 20 is fixed at the top end of the balance shaft 9, the eccentric dynamic balance rotor 20 is of an eccentric turntable-shaped structure, more than ten groups of silicon steel sheets 21 are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the eccentric dynamic balance rotor 20, the silicon steel sheets 21 are of a T-shaped structure and used for preventing the winding coils 22 from being dispersed under the action of centrifugal force, the winding coils 22 are wound around the silicon steel sheets 21, the winding coils 22 around each group of silicon steel sheets 21 are respectively in independent circuit connection, and a gap of 1-5 mm is formed between the top end of each silicon steel sheet 21 and the inner wall of the annular magnet 12.
A control box 29 is arranged above the supporting table 3, a three-axis vibration sensor 30 is arranged on the upper surface of the grinding carriage 1, the three-axis vibration sensor 30 is connected to the control box 29 through a circuit, the control box 29 is connected with the servo motor 8 through a circuit, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a PY2770-G type grinding wheel dynamic balancing instrument are arranged in the control box 29, and the PLC and the grinding wheel dynamic balancing instrument are connected through a circuit.
The flutter suppression method comprises the following steps:
starting the roll grinder, when the grinding wheel main body 6 and the roll are respectively started to normal rotating speed, adjusting the feeding speed through the feeding mechanism 23, acquiring the vibration quantity of the vibration through the three-axis vibration sensor 30 on the grinding carriage 1 in the contact grinding process of the outer surface of the grinding wheel main body 6 and the outer surface of the roll due to the damage of the surface of the roll and the time lag action in the grinding process, transmitting the vibration quantity to the control box 29 through a circuit, providing a dynamic balance algorithm by a grinding wheel dynamic balancer in the control box 29, controlling the rotating speed and amplitude of the servo motor 8, driving the eccentric dynamic balance rotor 20 to rotate through the balance shaft 9, and carrying out dynamic balance processing on the grinding wheel according to the dynamic balance principle;
the flutter of the grinding wheel directly affects the elastic sheet 14 inserted on the vibration damping unit 13, because the rigidity of the elastic sheet 14 is small, the elastic sheet is easy to resonate along with the grinding wheel, namely, the flutter of the grinding wheel main body 6 can be absorbed by the elastic sheet 14 and the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 connected with the elastic sheet 14, in the process, because two ends of the coil group 19 are respectively connected to the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 through binding posts with different polarities, the same current direction is applied to the coil group 19 by the electric charge quantity generated by the vibration quantity of the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16, the electrified coil group 19 can generate eddy current under the action of the magnetic field force of the annular magnet 12, and the annular magnet 12 and the grinding wheel main body 6 connected with the annular magnet 12 can be vibrated and slowed down according to the;
by the vibration instant analysis, friction damping, nonlinear elastic damping and nonlinear elastic force exist among a plurality of vibration reduction balls 18 which are covered by a vibration reduction net bag 17 in the vibration reduction unit 13, the vibration reduction balls 18 consume vibration energy, the vibration reduction balls 18 comprise central copper balls 25, the balance weight and inertia of the grinding wheel main body 6 are increased, the balance weight is increased by the vibration theory to inhibit vibration, the vibration reduction balls 18 can form the effect of a miniature nonlinear dynamic vibration absorber, the vibration reduction unit 13 is equivalent to the effect of internally arranging a plurality of miniature nonlinear dynamic vibration absorbers to inhibit the vibration of the grinding wheel main body 6, and due to the inertia, the displacement of the vibration reduction balls 18 in the vibration direction lags, pressure can be applied to the upper piezoelectric sheet 15 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 16 in the corresponding direction, and the eddy effect of the coil group 19 is increased;
the ring magnet 12 is used as a connecting medium, the control box 29 respectively controls the current intensity of each winding coil 22, when the current intensity of each winding coil 22 is equal, an electromagnetic effect is formed between the silicon steel sheets 21 on the outer surface of the eccentric dynamic balance rotor 20 and the winding coil 22, the electromagnetic force between the ring magnet 12 and the silicon steel sheets 21 forms an electromagnetic damping principle, vibration is damped according to the phase deviation when the grinding wheel main body 6 vibrates, when the vibration quantity is increased, in order to enhance the vibration damping effect, the current intensity of each winding coil 22 is adjusted through the control box 29, the electromagnetic damping force is maximized in the largest direction at a specific moment in vibration amplitude, and the vibration damping effect is enhanced through the electronic control of the electromagnetic deviation.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The magnetic offset dynamic balance grinding wheel flutter suppression device is characterized in that a grinding wheel main body (6) is fixed at one end of a main shaft (4); the main shaft (4) is of a hollow structure, the balance shaft (9) is arranged in the main shaft (4), and the axis of the balance shaft (9) is overlapped with the axis of the main shaft (4); the balance shaft (9) is driven by the servo motor (8) to rotate; a vibration reduction box (10) is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the grinding wheel main body (6), and an inner ring of the vibration reduction box (10) is provided with an annular magnet (12);
the vibration reduction box (10) is sealed by connecting a cover (11) through a bolt, the vibration reduction box (10) is uniformly divided into more than four even-numbered groups of vibration reduction units (13), elastic sheets (14) are respectively inserted into the upper side and the lower side of each vibration reduction unit (13), an upper piezoelectric sheet (15) is fixed on the upper side of each vibration reduction unit (13) through the elastic sheets (14), and a lower piezoelectric sheet (16) is fixed on the lower side of each vibration reduction unit (13) through the elastic sheets (14); a vibration reduction net bag (17) is filled in the vibration reduction unit (13), a plurality of vibration reduction balls (18) are coated in the vibration reduction net bag (17), a coil group (19) is connected to the inner side, close to the annular magnet (12), of the vibration reduction net bag (17), and the coil group (19) is connected with the upper piezoelectric sheet (15) and the lower piezoelectric sheet (16) through circuits respectively;
an eccentric dynamic balance rotor (20) is fixed at the top end of the balance shaft (9) close to the grinding wheel main body (6), the eccentric dynamic balance rotor (20) is of an eccentric rotating disc-shaped structure, more than ten groups of silicon steel sheets (21) are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the eccentric dynamic balance rotor (20), winding coils (22) are wound around the silicon steel sheets (21), and the winding coils (22) around each group of silicon steel sheets (21) are respectively connected with a control box (29) through independent circuits; and a 1-5 mm gap is formed between the top end of the silicon steel sheet (21) and the inner ring of the annular magnet (12).
2. The device for suppressing chattering of a magnetically-biased dynamically-balanced grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the grinding carriage (1) is of a hollow structure, a support frame (2) is arranged in the middle of the grinding carriage (1), one end side wall of the support frame (2) is connected to a support table (3) through a bolt, the inner wall of the grinding carriage (1) is rotatably connected with a spindle (4), one end of the grinding carriage (1) is connected with a gasket (5) in a clamping mode, the end, close to the gasket (5), of the spindle (4) is provided with a grinding wheel main body (6), the other end of the grinding carriage (1) is provided with a motor support (7) through a bolt, a servo motor (8) is fixedly arranged on the side face of the motor support (7), and an output shaft of the servo motor (8) is fixedly connected with a balance shaft (9) through a coupler; the upper surface of the grinding wheel frame (1) is provided with a three-axis vibration sensor (30), the three-axis vibration sensor (30) is connected to a control box (29) through a circuit, and the control box (29) is connected with a servo motor (8) through a circuit.
3. The device for suppressing chattering of a magnetically-biased dynamically-balanced grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein: two magnetic poles of the annular magnet (12) are distributed on the inner ring and the outer ring of the annular magnet (12).
4. The device for suppressing chattering of a magnetically-biased dynamically-balanced grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting table (3) is of a structure taking a step-shaped cushion block as a main body, a feeding mechanism (23) parallel to the grinding wheel frame (1) is arranged on one side of the supporting table (3), a supporting mechanism (24) is arranged at the bottom of the supporting table (3), and the feeding mechanism (23) adopts a hydraulic power unit.
5. The device for suppressing chattering of a magnetically-biased dynamically-balanced grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the ring-shaped magnet (12) is Ru FeB, the elastic sheet (14) is a wavy elastic reed, the vibration reduction net bag (17) is an elastic net bag, and the vibration reduction ball (18) comprises a copper ball (25) at the center and coating rubber (26) on the surface of the copper ball (25).
6. The device for suppressing chattering of a magnetically-biased dynamically-balanced grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the coil assembly is characterized in that the upper piezoelectric sheet (15) and the lower piezoelectric sheet (16) are both piezoelectric ceramic sheets, the surfaces of the two sides of the upper piezoelectric sheet (15) and the lower piezoelectric sheet (16) are respectively connected with a positive terminal (27) and a negative terminal (28), and the coil assembly (19) is connected to the upper piezoelectric sheet (15) and the lower piezoelectric sheet (16) through the terminals.
7. The device for suppressing chattering of a magnetically-biased dynamically-balanced grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the PLC and the PY2770-G type grinding wheel dynamic balancing instrument are arranged in the control box (29) and are connected through a circuit.
8. The device for suppressing chattering of a magnetically-biased dynamically-balanced grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the motor is characterized in that a belt pulley (31) is fixedly connected to one end, close to the motor support (7), of the main shaft (4), the motor support (7) is of a three-side structure, and the bottom surface of the motor support (7) is vacant.
9. The device for suppressing chattering of a magnetically-biased dynamically-balanced grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the support frame (2) are both arc structures, the bottom side of the support frame (2) is horizontally arranged, the top side of the support frame (2) is obliquely arranged, and the support frame (2) is integrally in a large-fillet triangle shape.
10. A magnetic offset type dynamic balance grinding wheel flutter suppression method is characterized in that:
the roll grinder is started, when the grinding wheel main body (6) and the roll are respectively started to normal rotating speeds, the feeding speed is adjusted through the feeding mechanism (23), in the contact grinding process of the outer surface of the grinding wheel main body (6) and the outer surface of the roll, due to the damage of the surface of the roll and the time lag action in the grinding process, when the grinding wheel main body (6) vibrates, the vibration quantity of the vibration is collected through the three-axis vibration sensor (30) on the grinding wheel frame (1), the vibration quantity is transmitted to the control box (29) through a circuit, the control box (29) controls the rotating speed and the amplitude of the servo motor (8), and the balance shaft (9) drives the eccentric dynamic balance rotor (20) to rotate;
the flutter of the grinding wheel main body (6) can be absorbed by the elastic sheet (14) and the upper piezoelectric sheet (15) and the lower piezoelectric sheet (16) which are connected with the elastic sheet (14), in the process, as the two ends of the coil group (19) are respectively connected to the upper piezoelectric sheet (15) and the lower piezoelectric sheet (16) through binding posts with different polarities, the same current direction is applied to the coil group (19) by the electric charge quantity generated by the vibration quantity of the upper piezoelectric sheet (15) and the lower piezoelectric sheet (16), and the electrified coil group (19) can generate eddy current under the action of the magnetic field force of the ring magnet (12) to enable the ring magnet (12) and the grinding wheel main body (6) connected with the ring magnet (12) to vibrate and slow down;
the friction damping, the nonlinear elastic damping and the nonlinear elastic force exist among a plurality of vibration reduction balls (18) which are wrapped by vibration reduction net bags (17) in the vibration reduction unit (13), the vibration reduction balls (18) consume flutter energy, the vibration reduction balls (18) comprise central copper balls (25), the balance weight and inertia of the grinding wheel main body (6) are increased, the vibration reduction balls (18) can form the effect of a miniature nonlinear dynamic vibration absorber, and due to the inertia, the displacement of the vibration reduction balls (18) in the flutter direction lags, pressure can be applied to upper piezoelectric sheets (15) and lower piezoelectric sheets (16) in the corresponding direction, and the eddy effect of a coil group (19) is increased;
the ring-shaped magnet (12) is used as a connecting medium, the control box (29) respectively controls the current intensity of each winding coil (22), when the current intensity of each winding coil (22) is equal, an electromagnetic effect is formed between the silicon steel sheets (21) on the outer surface of the eccentric dynamic balance rotor (20) and the winding coils (22), the electromagnetic force between the ring-shaped magnet (12) and the silicon steel sheets (21) forms electromagnetic damping, vibration is reduced according to the phase deviation when the grinding wheel main body (6) vibrates, when the vibration quantity is increased, in order to enhance the vibration reduction effect, the current intensity of each winding coil (22) is adjusted through the control box (29), so that the electromagnetic damping force is maximized in the largest direction at a specific moment in vibration amplitude, and the vibration reduction effect is enhanced through electronic control of the electromagnetic deviation.
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| CN116550759B (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-09-15 | 太原理工大学 | Vibration suppression method and system for rolling mill roller system based on vibration damper |
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| DE102009017271A1 (en) * | 2009-04-11 | 2010-10-14 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Assembly with balancing device and method for manufacturing the assembly |
| CN203365063U (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-12-25 | 深圳大学 | Online dynamic balance compensation device for high-speed motorized spindles |
| US9512728B2 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2016-12-06 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Simplified propeller balancing system and method |
| US10173311B2 (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2019-01-08 | Koki Holdings Co., Ltd. | Electric tool |
| CN106312821B (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-06-22 | 北京化工大学 | Integrated side exciting electromagnet sliding ring type automatic balancing arrangement |
| CN106337897B (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-06-01 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of transmission shaft reverses bump leveller |
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