CN109443537A - A kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes are related to optical spectrum imagers technical field, it is relative complex to solve structure, volume is big, weight is big and can not work in video imaging mode issue, including the preposition microscope group set gradually, multi-channel filter and camera one, preposition microscope group realizes the function to target imaging, multi-channel filter is placed in the n times image planes of preposition microscope group, light beam incident thereon is divided into the monochromatic light of different spectral coverage, the monochromatic light of different spectral coverage is incident on camera one, camera one obtains high spectrum image, camera one is located in N+M image planes, the integer that N is >=1, the integer that M is >=0.The present invention can obtain high spectrum image, structure simple in real time, volume miniaturization, at low cost, high frame frequency face battle array video imaging real-time display, can have video and push-scanning image mode simultaneously, have digital TDI integration capabilities.For face battle array video imaging and number TDI push-scanning image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical spectrum imagers technical fields, and in particular to a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes.
Background technique
Optical spectrum imagers it is extensive and deep be applied to mapping, crops generaI investigation, food and medicine analysis, safety inspection, work
Industry detection, verification retrieval, environmental monitoring, Natural Disaster Evaluation, mineral prospecting, biomedical detection, safety monitoring and military affairs
The directions such as the fields such as target alert, identification.
Optical spectrum imagers often carry out remote sensing work with Aeronautics and Astronautics and unmanned plane loading at present, volume, again
Amount is very crucial, especially as space flight load, it is difficult to which the volume and weight of compression significantly increases its launch cost.Therefore
Miniaturization, the lightweight research of optical spectrum imagers have very urgent demand.In current optical spectrum imagers, frequently with tradition
Spectrum technology such as prism, grating as light-splitting device, structure is relative complex, become miniaturization, light-weight design
Bottleneck, and when it is integrated in imaging spectrometer, instrument is only capable of working in push-scanning image mode, can not work in video imaging
Mode, therefore, it is difficult to realize to dynamic object detection imaging.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem above-mentioned, the present invention provides a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes.
Used technical solution is as follows in order to solve the technical problem by the present invention:
A kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes, including preposition microscope group, multi-channel filter and the phase set gradually
Machine one, the preposition microscope group realize the function to target imaging, and the multi-channel filter is placed in the n times image planes of preposition microscope group
On, light beam incident thereon is divided into the monochromatic light of different spectral coverage, the monochromatic light of different spectral coverage is incident on the camera one,
Camera one obtains high spectrum image, and camera one is located in (N+M) secondary image planes, and N is the integer more than or equal to 1, and M is more than or equal to 0
Integer.
A kind of installation method of the optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes, includes the following steps:
Step 1: preposition microscope group is mounted on hood;
Step 2: multi-channel filter is assembled on hood and is located at n times image planes;
Step 3: camera one is assembled on hood and is located at (N+M) secondary image planes, adjusted by forming monochrome image method
The position of focal plane of camera one;
Step 4: adjustment multi-channel filter makes the position precision of multi-channel filter and the optical axis of multi-channel filter hang down
Straight degree is met the requirements, and multi-channel filter is glued on hood;
Step 5: the position of the camera one adjusted on the basis of multi-channel filter, under multispectral imaging mode makes it
Reach optimal focal plane position;
Step 6: monitoring pair of unit channel on one pixel of camera and multi-channel filter by monochromatic spectrum imaging pattern
Agree to do a favour condition, and finely tune the position of camera one by accurate adjusting mechanism, so that the unit channel of multi-channel filter and camera one
The alignment precision of pixel is less than or equal to 1 micron, is installed.
Application on the battle array video imaging of face of a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes or in digital TDI push-scanning image
Application.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, multi-channel filter is utilized in EO-1 hyperion channel, then obtains the high spectrum image of multiple spectral coverages by camera one,
High spectrum image can be obtained in real time.
2, be aligned by multi-channel filter and camera one, realize the simplified structure of optical spectrum imagers, volume miniaturization, at
This low, high frame frequency face battle array video imaging real-time display can have video and push-scanning image mode simultaneously, have digital TDI integral
Ability.
3, optical spectrum imagers of the invention are a kind of high property of multi-mode with high time, high spatial and high spectral resolution power
It can hyperspectral imager.
4, a kind of precision of the obtained optical spectrum imagers of installation method of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes is high, at
As effect is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the multi-channel filter of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of each unit array of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of product of the digital TDI high light spectrum image-forming mode of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes of the invention
Divide schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is a kind of binary channels light channel structure figure of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a kind of binary channels light path schematic diagram of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a kind of shading cover structure schematic diagram of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a kind of integral of the digital TDI full color imaging mode of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes of the invention
Schematic diagram.
In figure: 1, preposition microscope group, 2, multi-channel filter, 3, relaying microscope group, 4, CMOS camera one, 5, spectroscope, 6,
CMOS camera two, 7, image fusion device, 8, display device, 9, LED light supplement lamp, 10, hood.
Specific embodiment
To better understand the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is further described in detail.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, still, the present invention may be used also
To be implemented using other than the one described here other modes, therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not by described below
Specific embodiment limitation.
A kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes, including set gradually preposition microscope group 1,2 and of multi-channel filter
Camera one.Preposition microscope group 1 realizes the function to target imaging.Multi-channel filter 2 is placed in the n times image planes of preposition microscope group 1, will
Light beam incident thereon is divided into the monochromatic light of different spectral coverage.Camera one is located in (N+M) secondary image planes of preposition microscope group 1 and obtains
High spectrum image.N is the integer more than or equal to 1, and M is the integer more than or equal to 0.
The incident beam of photographic subjects is incident on preposition microscope group 1, and incident beam is converged through preposition microscope group 1, converges to multi-pass
On channel filter 2, incident beam is divided into the monochromatic light of different spectral coverage through multi-channel filter 2, and all monochromatic light project camera
Spectral fingerprint sampling, i.e. acquisition high spectrum image are completed on one.
In EO-1 hyperion channel using the multi-channel filter 2 being arranged at n times image planes, then by being arranged in (N+M) secondary phase
Camera one at face obtains the high spectrum image of multiple spectral coverages, can obtain high spectrum image in real time.Pass through 2 He of multi-channel filter
Camera one is aligned, and can be realized video/push away and sweep Double-mode imaging, while having video and push-scanning image mode, and structure it is simple,
Volume minimizes, is at low cost, high frame frequency face battle array video imaging real-time display, having digital TDI integration capabilities.Spectrum of the invention
Imager is a kind of multi-mode high-performance hyperspectral imager with high time, high spatial and high spectral resolution power.The present invention
Optical spectrum imagers can be described as video hyperspectral imager, compared with traditional high light spectrum image-forming technology, video high light spectrum image-forming skill
Art has the advantages such as light-weight, small in size, structure is simple, stability is high, more exposes for high frame frequency, staring imaging and single
The abilities such as the available multiple wave band datas of light.
When M > 0, optical spectrum imagers further include relaying microscope group 3, relaying microscope group 3 be located at multi-channel filter 2 and camera one it
Between, via the monochromatic light of the be divided into different spectral coverage of multi-channel filter 2, it is incident on camera one after being acted on via relaying microscope group 3.
Relaying microscope group 3 focuses on n times image planes in (N+M) secondary image planes.
When M is equal to 0, multi-channel filter 2 and camera one are located in a same image planes, multi-channel filter 2 and camera one
Between be not provided with relaying microscope group 3, multi-channel filter 2 is attached on the camera lens of camera one.
When N > 1, then in preposition microscope group 1 and the setting adjustment microscope group of multi-channel filter 2, the preposition microscope group 1 of incident beam mirror is converged
Gather and be transmitted to adjustment microscope group, adjusts microscope group for light beam incident thereon and converge to n times image planes, that is, converge in n times image planes
Multi-channel filter 2 on, the monochromatic light of different spectral coverage is divided into through multi-channel filter 2.If M is not equal to 0 at this time, all lists
Coloured light is transmitted to relaying microscope group 3, after relayed microscope group 3 acts on, projects and completes spectrum on the camera one of (N+M) secondary image planes
Fingerprint sampling, i.e. acquisition high spectrum image.If N=1, adjustment microscope group is not provided between preposition microscope group 1 and multi-channel filter 2.
Transmission-type relaying microscope group, which can be used, after microscope group 3 among the above also can be used reflective relaying microscope group.
In present embodiment and following embodiments, by N value 1, also value 1, i.e. multi-channel filter 2 are located at once M
On practising physiognomy, camera one is located on secondary practise physiognomy, N=1, M=1 in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
Above-mentioned camera one uses CMOS camera 1, and video hyperspectral imager is with (the also known as pixel grade of multi-channel filter 2
Optical filter) it is main light splitting means, multiple EO-1 hyperion channels are formed on multi-channel filter 2.The optical spectrum imagers are using more
Channel filter 2 is divided, and multi-channel filter 2 is designed to the array region (A is positive integer) of A × A, each unit in unit array
Light splitting is realized by different plated films in channel, and when light is incident on multi-channel filter 2, the light by different units channel goes out
It penetrates as different wave length, to obtain different narrowband quasi-monochromatic lights.According to logical in high light spectrum image-forming Demand Design unit array
Road quantity m;Channel size is designed according to one 4 Pixel size of CMOS camera;According to number of channels m and the CMOS phase in unit array
One 4 pixel quantity n of machine determines array quantity P, P ≈ n ÷ m in multi-channel filter 2, number of channels and channel in each array
Spectral coverage is all the same.N=100, multi-channel filter 2 is filtered using 25 × 25 multichannel as shown in Figure 1 in present embodiment
Piece 2, " BAND " in figure indicate wavestrip, and 1~BAND25 of BAND indicates 25 different wavestrips, the area of rectangular broken line institute's frame choosing
Domain is a unit array, and unit matrix number of columns is 4 in Fig. 1,5 × 5=25 unit channel is designed in unit array, respectively
This corresponding wavelength of 25 unit channels of corresponding BAND1~BAND25,1~BAND25 of each unit array BAND is specifically such as Fig. 2
It is shown.By taking 11 μm of 11 μ m of channel size as an example, the Pixel size of camera one is also 11 μm of 11 μ m, when light passes through pixel grade
When EO-1 hyperion channel, the narrowband quasi-monochromatic light of 25 kinds of different wave lengths is divided by the light of different arrays.Multi-channel filter 2
The alignment precision of unit channel and one 4 pixel of CMOS camera is less than or equal to 1 micron.CMOS camera 1 collects in array 25
The spectral information of spectral coverage, and the spectroscopic data of 25 spectral coverages in each array is rebuild and identified.Above-mentioned multichannel filter
Mating plate 2 has a kind of citing of 25 unit channels and the only present embodiment of putting in order, and realization of the invention is not limited to
The quantity of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is also not limited to putting in order for present embodiment Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.As shown in figure 3, being video EO-1 hyperion
Imager realizes that the integral process of number TDI high light spectrum image-forming mode, digital TDI push-scanning image are adopted using the exposure of single row period
The mode of the corresponding superposition of collection, multiple row period distances spectrum pictures is realized.When T0~T10 indicates the whole story in number TDI row period
It carves, pushes away that sweep direction downward, by the way of interlacing integral, uniline Pixel-space continuous exposure imaging, T0~T5 is an integral
Period, T5~T10 are next integration period, and two integration periods add up, and it is tired to be as spaced 5 row pixels progress image
Add, the region 1-2 of the cumulative dotted line institute's frame choosing of the region 1-1 of dotted line institute's frame choosing, the cumulative dotted line institute frame of the region 2-1 of dotted line institute's frame choosing
The region 2-2 of choosing.The index ginseng of face battle array video mode imaging and push-broom pattern imaging that optical spectrum imagers of the invention are realized
It see the table below.
The present invention can accurately realize that spectrum separates and avoids Spectra aliasing.In order to accurately realize that spectrum separates and avoids spectrum
Aliasing needs and CMOS camera by the monochromatic light that different units channel separation in each array region on multi-channel filter 2 goes out
It realizes between one 4 pixels and accurately corresponds, it is desirable that reach 1 micron between multi-channel filter 2 and CMOS camera 1
Alignment precision, so that the matching alignment resetting difficulty between multi-channel filter 2 and CMOS camera 1 is very big.For this hardly possible
Topic, with the following method: preposition microscope group 1 (and relaying microscope group 3) is mounted on hood 10;Multi-channel filter 2 is assembled
Onto hood 10;Multi-channel filter 2 is assembled in place by optical detection means, i.e., at n times image planes, accurate position non-at this time
It sets, then carries out accurate adjustment;Camera one is assembled on hood 10 and is located at (N+M) secondary image planes of preposition microscope group 1, list is passed through
One 4 position of focal plane of coloured light spectrum imaging method accurate adjustment CMOS camera, the preliminary adjustment in hood 10 is completed at this time;It is filtered by repair
Mating plate component meets the requirements the position precision of multi-channel filter 2 and optical axis verticality, that is, meets certain angle, trims
Optical filter is glued on hood 10 behind position;Then in one 4 multispectral imaging of CMOS camera on the basis of multi-channel filter 2
The position that CMOS camera 1 is adjusted under mode, finds the optimal focal plane position of CMOS camera 1, that is, finds hood 10 most
Good position of focal plane;The position of CMOS camera 1 is further finely tuned by accurate adjusting mechanism, accurate adjusting mechanism uses micro- herein
Adjustment of displacement platform monitors one 4 pixel of CMOS camera by one 4 monochromatic spectrum imaging pattern of CMOS camera and filters with corresponding multichannel
The alignment condition of unit channel on piece 2 realizes one 4 pixel of CMOS camera and multi-channel filter 2 by adjusting and monitoring repeatedly
Micron order between upper different units channel matches alignment, unit channel and one pixel of camera of final multi-channel filter 2
Alignment precision is less than or equal to 1 micron, is installed.
A kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes of the invention, further include spectroscope 5 and camera two.Structural schematic diagram
As shown in figure 4, index path is as shown in figure 5, spectroscope 5 is arranged between preposition microscope group 1 and multi-channel filter 2, target enters
Irradiating light beam is converged through preposition microscope group 1, is transmitted on spectroscope 5, and incident beam is divided into transmitted light and reflected light by spectroscope 5, thoroughly
It penetrates light and is successively transmitted to image planes (n times image planes), relaying microscope group 3 and secondary image planes (N+M image planes), camera one obtains bloom
Spectrogram picture;Reflected light pass to camera two, camera two obtains full-colour image.The optical spectrum imagers further include image fusion device 7
With the display device 8 of connection image fusion device 7, camera one connects image fusion device 7, and high spectrum image is transmitted to figure
As fusing device 7, camera two connects image fusion device 7, and full-colour image is transmitted to image fusion device 7.Image co-registration
Device 7 receives high spectrum image and full-colour image, then merges high spectrum image and full-colour image obtains color image.Chromaticity diagram
As being transmitted to display device 8, shown by display device 8.Wherein settable LED light supplement lamp 9 before preposition microscope group 1 is panchromatic logical
Road and/or EO-1 hyperion channel light filling.CMOS camera 26 can be used in camera two, i.e. CMOS phase can be used in camera one and camera two
Machine.Optical spectrum imagers of the invention further include hood 10, preposition microscope group 1, multi-channel filter 2, relaying microscope group 3 and camera one
It is installed in hood 10, spectroscope 5 and camera two are also mounted in hood 10, and the shape of hood 10 is as shown in Figure 6.
The incident beam of target is through being pressed incident beam using spectroscope 5 in preposition microscope group 1 aggregate transmission to spectroscope 5
Special ratios (such as 3:7) project panchromatic channel (reflected light) and EO-1 hyperion channel (transmitted light) respectively;In EO-1 hyperion channel benefit
Transmitted light is divided into the monochromatic light of different spectral coverage with multi-channel filter 2, and projects the completion spectral fingerprint of CMOS camera 1 and adopts
Sample obtains high spectrum image;In panchromatic channel, CMOS camera 26 obtains full-colour image.Finally, 7 (Fig. 4 of image fusion device
In PROCESOR) rebuilding spectrum is carried out to the high spectrum image and full-colour image of acquisition and target identification is analyzed, and restore
High-resolution color image.Color image is shown by display device 8.
Panchromatic channel also has digital TDI full color imaging mode, number TDI integral process such as Fig. 7, twin-channel integral
Progress can be synchronized, T0~T5 of the complete corresponding diagram 3 of T0~T5 of Fig. 7, Fig. 7 are the integral to cell array most one row of bottom side.
Face battle array video imaging and number TDI push-scanning image, phase can be achieved in binary channels (panchromatic channel and EO-1 hyperion channel)
GSESE400BSI chip of the machine one using Chen Xin company, resolution ratio: 2048 × 2048,11 μm of pixel dimension, target surface size 22.5
× 22.5mm, target surface Diagonal Dimension 31.815mm.
The present invention is using Spectra aliasing optical design is eliminated, referring specifically to Fig. 5, using multi-channel filter 2 and camera one
Target surface directly pass through relaying microscope group 3 coupled, relaying 3 enlargement ratio of microscope group be -1 ×.Pass through spectroscope behind preposition microscope group 1
5 are divided, and transmitted light passes through the relaying camera lens of multi-channel filter 2 and rear end, and high spectrum image is imaged onto one target of camera
On face.The light beam reflected by spectroscope 5 is imaged on two target surface of camera.Light beam images directly to phase by multi-channel filter 2
On machine one or light beam is passed through reimaging after relaying microscope group 3 couples again by multi-channel filter 2 and it is mixed to eliminate spectrum to camera one
It is folded, it ensure that the clear and high-resolution of high spectrum image.
Twin-channel optical spectrum imagers of the invention are not only to have obtained color image, and can obtain high-resolution
Color image.Detection target can not only be imaged, while its spectral information abundant can also be obtained.It is equal in binary channels
The face of can be achieved battle array video imaging and number TDI push-scanning image.Optical spectrum imagers of the invention are suitable for use on the battle array video imaging of face
On digital TDI push-scanning image.It is in technologies such as digital TDI high light spectrum image-forming, the reconstruction of real-time high spectrum image and target identifications
On breakthrough, fill up the domestic blank in multi-mode high light spectrum image-forming technology, break external technical monopoly and envelope in the field
The core technology of lock, the multi-mode hyperspectral imager that at home and abroad takes the lead in grasping is the first in the world money multi-mode high-performance bloom
Compose imager.The present invention be break through the fields such as China's space remote sensing (video and push away sweep) and spatial perception multi-mode EO-1 hyperion at
As upper technical bottleneck contributes.Optical spectrum imagers are the optical spectrum imagers of core by imaging technique and spectrum using light splitting technology
Technology is combined together, the accurate weak component for detecting enemy satellites.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes, which is characterized in that including preposition microscope group (1), the multi-pass set gradually
Channel filter (2) and camera one, the preposition microscope group (1) realize the function to target imaging, and the multi-channel filter (2) is set
In in the n times image planes of preposition microscope group (1), light beam incident thereon is divided into the monochromatic light of different spectral coverage, the list of different spectral coverage
Coloured light is incident on the camera one, and camera one obtains high spectrum image, and camera one is located in (N+M) secondary image planes, N for greater than etc.
In 1 integer, M is the integer more than or equal to 0.
2. a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the multichannel filters
The unit channel of piece (2) and the alignment precision of one pixel of camera are less than or equal to 1 micron.
3. a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described when the N > 1
Optical spectrum imagers further include the adjustment microscope group between preposition microscope group (1) and multi-channel filter (2), the incident beam of target
Adjustment microscope group is transmitted to after preposition microscope group (1) convergence, incident light beam thereon is converged to multi-channel filter by adjustment microscope group
(2) on.
4. a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described when the M > 0
Optical spectrum imagers further include relaying microscope group (3), and relaying microscope group (3) is located between multi-channel filter (2) and camera one, through multi-pass
The monochromatic light of channel filter (2) be divided into different spectral coverage is incident on camera one via relaying microscope group (3).
5. a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include spectroscope
(5) and camera two;The spectroscope (5) is arranged between preposition microscope group (1) and multi-channel filter (2), the incident light of target
Beam is through in preposition microscope group (1) aggregate transmission to spectroscope (5), incident beam is divided into transmitted light and reflected light by spectroscope (5), thoroughly
It penetrates light and is successively transmitted to multi-channel filter (2) and camera one, camera one obtains high spectrum image, reflected light pass to camera
Two, camera two obtains full-colour image.
6. a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that further include image co-registration
Device (7) and the display device (8) for connecting image fusion device (7), camera one connect image fusion device (7), and by bloom
Spectrogram picture is transmitted to image fusion device (7), and camera two connects image fusion device (7), and full-colour image is transmitted to image
Fusing device (7), image fusion device (7) fusion high spectrum image and full-colour image obtain color image, and color image passes through
Display device (8) display.
7. a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes as described in claims 1 or 2 any one, which is characterized in that also
Including hood (10), preposition microscope group (1), multi-channel filter (2) and camera one are installed in hood (10).
8. a kind of installation method of the optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
Step 1: preposition microscope group (1) is mounted on hood (10);
Step 2: multi-channel filter (2) is assembled on hood (10) and is located at n times image planes;
Step 3: camera one is assembled on hood (10) and is located at (N+M) secondary image planes, adjusted by forming monochrome image method
The position of focal plane of camera one;
Step 4: adjustment multi-channel filter (2) makes the position precision and multi-channel filter (2) of multi-channel filter (2)
Optical axis verticality is met the requirements, and multi-channel filter (2) is glued on hood (10);
Step 5: on the basis of multi-channel filter (2), the position of camera one that is adjusted under multispectral imaging mode reach it
To optimal focal plane position;
Step 6: monitoring pair of unit channel on one pixel of camera and multi-channel filter (2) by monochromatic spectrum imaging pattern
Agree to do a favour condition, and finely tune the position of camera one by accurate adjusting mechanism, so that the unit channel and camera of multi-channel filter (2)
The alignment precision of one pixel is less than or equal to 1 micron, is installed.
9. a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes as described in any one of claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that
Face battle array video imaging on application or digital TDI push-scanning image application.
10. a kind of optical spectrum imagers based on multiple image planes as claimed in claim 9 are in the application of digital TDI push-scanning image,
It is characterized in that, the number TDI push-scanning image is using the exposure acquisition of single row period, multiple row period distances spectrum pictures pair
The mode that should be superimposed is realized.
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