CN109373896A - Machine vision system for measuring displacement in one direction and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Machine vision system for measuring displacement in one direction and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109373896A CN109373896A CN201811224833.0A CN201811224833A CN109373896A CN 109373896 A CN109373896 A CN 109373896A CN 201811224833 A CN201811224833 A CN 201811224833A CN 109373896 A CN109373896 A CN 109373896A
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/026—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring distance between sensor and object
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a machine vision system for measuring displacement in a single direction and an implementation method thereof. The invention transmits the scale image to the display control module through the visual sensing module, obtains the scale indicated value through binarization and scanning projection processing, and utilizes the distance pixel ratio to calibrate in real time, obtains the actual distance value between the scale indicated value and the indicated scale mark line, and ensures the measurement precision of the invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of vision detection, more particularly, to a kind of NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement
And its implementation.
Background technique
Displacement measurement has many methods, but each method have the characteristics that it is respective, it is existing under specific application environment
Square mensuration in, some occasion ranges are improper, and some occasion measurement methods are improper, and some occasion precision are improper, have
Occasion cost application requirement, such as Electronic Scales for Human Beings is not achieved, with the height of the method for ultrasonic wave measurement human body, in cost
Limitation under, the ultrasonic sensor measurement data inaccuracy of low side, application condition is big.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, provide a kind of low cost, wide-range, various precision is suitble to want
The NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection and its implementation for the one direction measurement displacement asked.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of machine of one direction measurement displacement
Vision system comprising base ruler is arranged in visual sensing module, scale, base ruler and display control module, the scale fitting
The back side is provided with indicating graduation graticule and graduation indication value, the graduation indication value and indicating graduation graticule on the scale
With setting, in scale and base ruler side, the visual sensing module and display control module are electric for the visual sensing module setting
Property connection.
Rectangular image processing region, the rectangle are preset in the display control module in one of the embodiments,
The lower edge of image processing region is overlapped with the upper end edge of base ruler.
A kind of implementation method of the NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement, which comprises the steps of:
(1), the camera of visual sensing module is vertically set on to the intersection of scale Yu base ruler；
(2), camera is taken pictures to obtain scale image and is sent in display control module by visual sensing module in intersection；
(3), rectangular image processing region is arranged to scale image in display control module, obtains scale in rectangular image processing region
The corresponding graduation indication value X of graduation indication value on image0With Y of the graduation indication value minimum point in rectangular image processing region
Axial coordinate value y0；Wherein, the rectangular image processing region is provided with longer side and a shorter side, the upper end side of the short side and base ruler
Edge is overlapped, and the long side is parallel with the direction of motion of scale.
(4), the actual distance value h of graduation indication value and indicating graduation graticule is obtained, it is final to can get and reference graduation line
Scale numerical value X=X of the scale of coincidence0+ ky0- h, wherein k is range pixel ratio.
The operating procedure of the step (3) in one of the embodiments, are as follows:
(3.1) the scale image in rectangular image processing region is converted into grayscale image, to reduce image data amount, retains image
Feature reduces calculation amount, realizes convenient for algorithm；
(3.2) a threshold value T is preset, self-adaption binaryzation is carried out to the scale image in rectangular image processing region with threshold value T
Processing, is divided into the pixel group greater than threshold value T and the pixel group less than threshold value T two for the scale image in rectangular image processing region
Part, the pixel group greater than threshold value T are set to 1, and the pixel group less than threshold value T is set to 0；Specifically, in iteration optimal threshold method
Obtain the optimal threshold of scale image；
(3.3) projection is scanned to the scale image in rectangular image processing region through binary conversion treatment；
(3.4) number of statistics continuous non-zero pixels group along the data for projection of short side direction, and record each continuous non-zero
The starting point and terminal point coordinate of pixel group save continuous non-zero pixels group into database A, and starting point and terminal point coordinate are protected
It deposits into database B；
(3.5) pixel maximum lookup is carried out to the continuous non-zero pixels group saved in database A, obtains a pixel value maximum
Continuous non-zero pixels group；
(3.6) starting point and terminal point coordinate y of the maximum continuous non-zero pixels group of pixel value are obtained from database B0；
(3.7) data for projection of statistics along the long side direction, obtains the origin coordinates of each character, wide according to the character of preset characters
The terminal point coordinate of each character in available data for projection along the long side direction is spent, the terminal point coordinate of each character is equal to each
The origin coordinates of character adds preset characters width, wherein preset characters width is the width value that character projects along the long side direction；
(3.8) step (3.2) is split through the scale image of binary conversion treatment according to step (3.3) ~ (3.7) result,
Obtain graduation indication character picture；
(3.9) it identifies graduation indication character picture and shows corresponding graduation indication value on display control module.
In one of the embodiments, the identification graduation indication character picture and by graduation indication value show display control
Method on molding block, includes the following steps:
There is 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 image on shooting scale and save as 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 number
Template；
Graduation indication character picture in step (3.8) is compared respectively with 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 digital template
It is right, obtain the corresponding graduation indication value of graduation indication character picture.
The calculation method of k is shot by the camera of visual sensing module in step (4) in one of the embodiments,
One reference object image having a size of Dr, and upload in reference object image to display control module, obtain reference object image head and the tail
The pixel quantity Di, k=Dr/Di of leap.
In conclusion the NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection and its implementation of a kind of one direction measurement displacement of the present invention are passed by vision
Feel module and scale image is transferred to display control module, handled by binaryzation and scanning projection, obtains graduation indication value, and
Using range pixel than carrying out real-time calibration, the actual distance value of graduation indication value and indicating graduation graticule is obtained, guarantees this hair
Bright measurement accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of scale in a kind of NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To further understand the features of the present invention, technological means and specific purposes achieved, function, below with reference to
Present invention is further described in detail with specific embodiment for attached drawing.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement of the present invention includes visual sensing module
10, scale 20, base ruler 30 and display control module 40, the scale 20 are bonded the back side that base ruler 30 is arranged in, the scale 20
Can slidably reciprocate running along 30 direction of base ruler, and indicating graduation graticule 21 and graduation indication value 22, institute are provided on the scale 20
It states graduation indication value 22 and matches setting with indicating graduation graticule 21, the scale 20 is that traditional ruler constructs, graduation indication value
22 are arranged above indicating graduation graticule 21；Horizontal line where 30 upper end edge of base ruler is benchmark graduation mark；It is described
Visual sensing module 10 is arranged in 30 side of scale 20 and base ruler, the visual sensing module 10 is for supervising scale 20
It surveys and takes pictures, the visual sensing module 10 is electrically connected with display control module 40, and the visual sensing module 10 will shooting
To image be sent in display control module 40 and analyzed and determined；Rectangular image is preset in the display control module 40
The lower edge of processing region, the rectangular image processing region is overlapped with the upper end edge of base ruler 30, the visual sensing mould
Block 10 is monitored and takes pictures to the graduation indication value 22 and pointing character graduation mark of scale 20 in rectangular image processing region.
A kind of implementation method of the NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement, includes the following steps:
(1), the camera of visual sensing module 10 is vertically set on to the intersection of scale 20 Yu base ruler 30；
(2), camera is taken pictures to obtain scale image and is sent in display control module 40 by visual sensing module 10 in intersection；
(3), rectangular image processing region is arranged to scale image in display control module 40, obtains rectangular image processing region internal standard
The corresponding graduation indication value 22X of graduation indication value 22 on ruler image0With 22 minimum point of graduation indication value in rectangular image processing
Y axis coordinate value y in region0；Wherein, the rectangular image processing region is provided with longer side and a shorter side, the short side and base ruler
30 upper end edge is overlapped, and the long side is parallel with the direction of motion of scale 20.
(4), the actual distance value h of graduation indication value 22 and indicating graduation graticule 21 is obtained, final can get is carved with benchmark
Spend the scale numerical value X=X for the scale 20 that line is overlapped0+ ky0- h, wherein k is range pixel ratio, and specifically, camera of the present invention is adopted
The scale image integrated shoots the calibration object figure that a known dimensions are Dr as pixel map, by the camera of visual sensing module 10
Picture, and upload in reference object image to display control module 40, obtain pixel quantity Di, k=that reference object image head and the tail are crossed over
Dr/Di。
Wherein, the concrete operation step of step (3) are as follows:
(3.1) the scale image in rectangular image processing region is converted into grayscale image, to reduce image data amount, retains image
Feature reduces calculation amount, realizes convenient for algorithm；
(3.2) a threshold value T is preset, self-adaption binaryzation is carried out to the scale image in rectangular image processing region with threshold value T
Processing, is divided into the pixel group greater than threshold value T and the pixel group less than threshold value T two for the scale image in rectangular image processing region
Part, the pixel group greater than threshold value T are set to 1, and the pixel group less than threshold value T is set to 0；Specifically, in iteration optimal threshold method
Obtain the optimal threshold of scale image；
(3.3) projection is scanned to the scale image in rectangular image processing region through binary conversion treatment；
(3.4) number of statistics continuous non-zero pixels group along the data for projection of short side direction, and record each continuous non-zero
The starting point and terminal point coordinate of pixel group save continuous non-zero pixels group into database A, and starting point and terminal point coordinate are protected
It deposits into database B；
(3.5) pixel maximum lookup is carried out to the continuous non-zero pixels group saved in database A, obtains a pixel value maximum
Continuous non-zero pixels group；
(3.6) starting point and terminal point coordinate y of the maximum continuous non-zero pixels group of pixel value are obtained from database B0；
(3.7) data for projection of statistics along the long side direction, obtains the origin coordinates of each character, wide according to the character of preset characters
The terminal point coordinate of each character in available data for projection along the long side direction is spent, the terminal point coordinate of each character is equal to each
The origin coordinates of character adds preset characters width, wherein preset characters width is the width value that character projects along the long side direction；
(3.8) step (3.2) is split through the scale image of binary conversion treatment according to step (3.3) ~ (3.7) result,
Obtain graduation indication character picture；
(3.9) graduation indication character picture is identified and by the display of corresponding graduation indication value 22 on display control module 40.
Wherein, the identification graduation indication character picture and by graduation indication value 22 display on display control module 40
Method includes the following steps:
There is 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 image on shooting scale 20 and save as 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 number
Character matrix plate；
Graduation indication character picture in step (3.8) is compared respectively with 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 digital template
It is right, obtain the corresponding graduation indication value 22 of graduation indication character picture, wherein the graduation indication character picture being partitioned into and 10
Digital template is compared respectively, compares and calculates by Euclidean distance calculation formula, and 10 comparisons then have 10 distances
It is worth, the corresponding template count of minimum value is exactly the result value identified in 10 distance values, the graduation indication word being each partitioned into
Symbol character similarly operates, and finally obtains complete graduation indication value 22.
In conclusion the NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection and its implementation of a kind of one direction measurement displacement of the present invention are passed by vision
Feel module 10 and scale image is transferred to display control module 40, handled by binaryzation and scanning projection, obtains graduation indication
Value 22, and the actual range of graduation indication value 22 and indicating graduation graticule 21 is obtained than carrying out real-time calibration using range pixel
Value, guarantees measurement accuracy of the invention.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitation of the scope of the invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection model of the invention
It encloses.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement, it is characterised in that: including visual sensing module, scale, base ruler
And display control module, the scale fitting are arranged in the back side of base ruler, are provided with indicating graduation graticule and quarter on the scale
Indicated value is spent, the graduation indication value matches setting with indicating graduation graticule, and the visual sensing module is arranged in scale and base
Ruler side, the visual sensing module and display control module are electrically connected.
2. a kind of NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the display
Rectangular image processing region, the lower edge of the rectangular image processing region and the upper end side of base ruler are preset in control module
Edge is overlapped.
3. a kind of implementation method of the NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement, which comprises the steps of:
(1), the camera of visual sensing module is vertically set on to the intersection of scale Yu base ruler；
(2), camera is taken pictures to obtain scale image and is sent in display control module by visual sensing module in intersection；
(3), rectangular image processing region is arranged to scale image in display control module, obtains scale in rectangular image processing region
The corresponding graduation indication value X of graduation indication value on image0With Y of the graduation indication value minimum point in rectangular image processing region
Axial coordinate value y0；Wherein, the rectangular image processing region is provided with longer side and a shorter side, the upper end side of the short side and base ruler
Edge is overlapped, and the long side is parallel with the direction of motion of scale；
(4), the actual distance value h of graduation indication value and indicating graduation graticule is obtained, final can get is overlapped with reference graduation line
Scale scale numerical value X=X0+ ky0- h, wherein k is range pixel ratio.
4. a kind of implementation method of the NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement according to claim 3, feature exist
In the operating procedure of the step (3) are as follows:
(3.1) the scale image in rectangular image processing region is converted into grayscale image, to reduce image data amount, retains image
Feature reduces calculation amount, realizes convenient for algorithm；
(3.2) a threshold value T is preset, self-adaption binaryzation is carried out to the scale image in rectangular image processing region with threshold value T
Processing, is divided into the pixel group greater than threshold value T and the pixel group less than threshold value T two for the scale image in rectangular image processing region
Part, the pixel group greater than threshold value T are set to 1, and the pixel group less than threshold value T is set to 0；Specifically, in iteration optimal threshold method
Obtain the optimal threshold of scale image；
(3.3) projection is scanned to the scale image in rectangular image processing region through binary conversion treatment；
(3.4) number of statistics continuous non-zero pixels group along the data for projection of short side direction, and record each continuous non-zero
The starting point and terminal point coordinate of pixel group save continuous non-zero pixels group into database A, and starting point and terminal point coordinate are protected
It deposits into database B；
(3.5) pixel maximum lookup is carried out to the continuous non-zero pixels group saved in database A, obtains a pixel value maximum
Continuous non-zero pixels group；
(3.6) starting point and terminal point coordinate y of the maximum continuous non-zero pixels group of pixel value are obtained from database B0；
(3.7) data for projection of statistics along the long side direction, obtains the origin coordinates of each character, wide according to the character of preset characters
The terminal point coordinate of each character in available data for projection along the long side direction is spent, the terminal point coordinate of each character is equal to each
The origin coordinates of character adds preset characters width, wherein preset characters width is the width value that character projects along the long side direction；
(3.8) step (3.2) is split through the scale image of binary conversion treatment according to step (3.3) ~ (3.7) result,
Obtain graduation indication character picture；
(3.9) it identifies graduation indication character picture and shows corresponding graduation indication value on display control module.
5. a kind of implementation method of the NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement according to claim 4, feature exist
In graduation indication value is simultaneously shown the method on display control module by the identification graduation indication character picture, including as follows
Step:
There is 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 image on shooting scale and save as 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 number
Template；
Graduation indication character picture in step (3.8) is compared respectively with 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 digital template
It is right, obtain the corresponding graduation indication value of graduation indication character picture.
6. a kind of implementation method of the NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection of one direction measurement displacement according to claim 3, feature exist
In the calculation method of k is to shoot a calibration object figure having a size of Dr by the camera of visual sensing module in step (4)
Picture, and upload in reference object image to display control module, obtain pixel quantity Di, k=Dr/ that reference object image head and the tail are crossed over
Di。
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| CN201811224833.0A CN109373896A (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2018-10-19 | Machine vision system for measuring displacement in one direction and implementation method thereof |
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| CN113091859A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-09 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Method for monitoring hanger load |
| CN113124820A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-07-16 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Monocular distance measurement method based on curved mirror |
| CN114322786A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Lane line transverse distance measuring system and method thereof |
| CN114719755A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-08 | 东南大学 | Ship lock wall horizontal displacement monitoring device based on visual identification and monitoring and mounting method |
| CN116678340A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-09-01 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Tension wire measuring device and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190222 |