CN109283626A - Compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer and its design method - Google Patents
Compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer and its design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109283626A CN109283626A CN201811314398.0A CN201811314398A CN109283626A CN 109283626 A CN109283626 A CN 109283626A CN 201811314398 A CN201811314398 A CN 201811314398A CN 109283626 A CN109283626 A CN 109283626A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexers and its design method, including MZI interleaver, two input waveguides, Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating, free transmission range and two output waveguide arrays, its method is the incident angular dependence for determining two input waveguides with respect to the grating flank of tooth according to Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating angle dispersion relationship first, then MZI interleaver structural parameters are determined using designed concave grating wavelength interval, the final compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer design for realizing cascade MZI interleaver.The present invention is compared with traditional concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer, the odd, even channel light that MZI interleaver is exported is incident on diffraction grating with different angle respectively, wavelength division multiplexer output light frequency interval is halved using MZI interleaver, take full advantage of Rowland circle circumferential length, device size is effectively reduced, process complexity is reduced.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to optic communications, optical detector technology field, are related to a kind of compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction light
Grating multiplexex and its design method.
[background technique]
Wavelength division multiplexer is widely used in optic communication dilatation, gas is visited as optic communication, the important devices in optical detection field
Survey etc..Planar type optical waveguide wavelength division multiplexer is conducive to device miniaturization, integrated, is the mainstream development side of wavelength division multiplexer
To.Planar type optical waveguide wavelength division multiplexer mainly include array waveguide grating (Arrayed Waveguide Grating, AWG),
Etched diffraction grating (Etched Diffraction Grating, EDG), and Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating conduct
A kind of new E DG, because its small size, high-diffraction efficiency, performance stabilization, simple process obtain extensive concern.It utilizes Rowland circle
Structure imaging principle, incident light waveguide are located on Rowland circle, after a series of grating flank of tooth reflection on grating circle, in free biography
Defeated area's diffraction, interference, and focus on Rowland circle again, effectively increase device integration.
Pierre Pottier et al. is based on 1/4 wavelength Theoretical Design elliptical arch Bragg reflector concave diffraction light
Grid, and based on this carried out micro spectrometer design and processing (Integrated Microspectrometer with
Elliptical Bragg Mirror Enhanced Diffraction Grating on Silicon on Insulator,
ACS Photonics,2014,1(5):430-436)；Bright political affairs et al. of shutting out control Bragg using 1-D photon crystal band theory
Diffraction zone central wavelength (the A design method based on photonic of reflector type concave diffraction grating
crystal theory for Bragg concave diffraction grating,Optics Communications,
2017,385:92-96).The studies above only has an input waveguide, does not make full use of Rowland circle circumference, to realize intensive
Wavelength-division multiplex all suffers from the problem of device size is significantly increased.
[summary of the invention]
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of cascade conducive to device miniaturization is provided
The Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer and its design method of MZI interleaver.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme:
A kind of compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer, including MZI interleaver, first
Input waveguide, the second input waveguide, the first output waveguide array, the second output waveguide array；First input waveguide and second defeated
Enter the exit ports of waveguide entry port and the first output waveguide array and the second output waveguide array on Rowland circle, sieve
Lan Yuan is inscribed within grating circle, and rowland diameter of a circle is equal to the radius of grating circle；It is arranged in the tangent of Rowland circle and grating circle
Concave diffraction grating；It is free transmission range inside entry port to grating.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that:
MZI interleaver includes the first straight wave guide and the second straight wave guide；First curved waveguide, the second curved waveguide,
One coupled zone, third curved waveguide, the 4th curved waveguide, the first asymmetric arm, the second asymmetric arm, the 5th curved waveguide,
Six curved waveguides, the second coupled zone, third straight wave guide, the 7th curved waveguide and the 8th curved waveguide；
First curved waveguide is formed by two 1/4 circular sliding slopes, both ends respectively with the first straight wave guide, the first coupled zone phase
Cut connection；Second curved waveguide be two 1/4 circular sliding slopes form, both ends respectively with the second straight wave guide, the first coupled zone phase
Cut connection；First coupled zone, the second coupled zone are made of two sections of straight wave guides arranged in parallel, and are stayed between this two sections of straight wave guides
There is spacing；Third curved waveguide and the 4th curved waveguide are 1/4 circular arc, both ends respectively with the first coupled zone, non-right
Claim the tangent connection of arm；5th curved waveguide and the 6th curved waveguide are 1/4 circular arc, both ends respectively with asymmetric arm,
The tangent connection in second coupled zone；7th curved waveguide is the both ends circular arc with third straight wave guide, the tangent connection of input waveguide respectively；
8th curved waveguide is the both ends circular arc with the second coupled zone, the tangent connection of input waveguide respectively.
Rowland circle is inscribed in grating circle, and grating circle is with O1Point is the center of circle, O1C is radius；Rowland circle is with O2Point is the center of circle,
O1C is diameter, and the point of contact C of two circles is pole, a pole C and point O on Rowland circle3Line and O1Angle between C is blaze angle θ；
Concave diffraction grating is by two kinds of material n1、n2By thickness ratio h1:h2Alternatively distributed circle Bragg reflector was in grating round last week
Phase rearranges；Refractive index is n2Material correspond to it is each fan ring center circular arc be distributed in O3Point is the center of circle, adjacent radius difference
On the K concentric circles of one Bragg period d, and the circle among this group of concentric circles and grating circle meet at pole C；Each circle and light
The intersection point of grid circle and the thereafter corresponding intersection point of neighboring concentric circle and O3The angular bisector of line and the intersection point of the circle is are taken circle between point
The starting point of arc, each intersection point and O3There are N layers of circular arc between point on line direction.
A kind of design method of compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: to guarantee that output waveguide is completely separable, two input waveguides meet with respect to the difference of the incidence angle of the grating flank of tooth:
Wherein, δλFor the Channel spacing of designed concave diffraction grating, N is the corresponding output of two input waveguides
Port number, β are angle of diffraction, and λ is incident wavelength, and a is screen periods, and m is diffraction time, neffIt is effectively rolled over for free transmission range
Penetrate rate；When the incidence angle of the opposite grating flank of tooth it is smaller and it is approximate meet glittering condition when, β is approximately θ, and d is approximately m λ/2neff；
Step 2: according to the relationship of two branch-waveguide length difference and concave grating wavelength interval of MZI interleaver:
Complete the design of MZI interleaver；
Step 3: by the two output branch waveguide of MZI interleaver withIncidence angle is input to concave diffraction light simultaneously
Grid intersect each input and output waveguide not.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
Compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating of the invention will be exported by cascading MZI interleaver
Waveguide channels interval halves.Compared with existing design, the present invention takes full advantage of Rowland circle circumference, protects in performances such as channel spacings
Hold it is constant in the case where, device size is reduced into half.The present invention is in dense wave division multiplexer and optical detection in optic communication
The miniaturization of high-precision micro spectrometer, integrated offer feasible scheme.
[Detailed description of the invention]
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for cascading the Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating of MZI interleaver；
Fig. 2 is output (a) field pattern and (b) normalized power spectrogram of SOI material MZI interleaver；
Fig. 3 is the integrally-built diffraction spectrogram of the present invention.
[specific embodiment]
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
The embodiment of a part of the invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
The model that the present invention protects all should belong in member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work
It encloses.
It should be noted that description and claims of this specification and term " first " in above-mentioned attached drawing, "
Two " etc. be to be used to distinguish similar objects, without being used to describe a particular order or precedence order.It should be understood that using in this way
Data be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so as to the embodiment of the present invention described herein can in addition to illustrating herein or
Sequence other than those of description is implemented.In addition, term " includes " and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that cover
Cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, the process, method, system, product or equipment for containing a series of steps or units are not necessarily limited to
Step or unit those of is clearly listed, but may include be not clearly listed or for these process, methods, product
Or other step or units that equipment is intrinsic.
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
Referring to Fig. 1, the compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer of the present invention, including MZI are staggeredly filtered
Wave device, the first input waveguide 10-1, the second input waveguide 10-2, free transmission range 11, concave diffraction grating 12, the first output wave
Lead array 13-1, the second output waveguide array 13-2.
MZI interleaver includes the first straight wave guide 1-1, the second straight wave guide 1-2, the first curved waveguide 2-1, the second bending
Waveguide 2-2, the first coupled zone 3, third curved waveguide 4-1, the 4th curved waveguide 4-2, asymmetric arm 5, the 5th curved waveguide 6-
1, the 6th curved waveguide 6-2, the second coupled zone 7, third straight wave guide 8, the 7th curved waveguide 9-1, the 8th curved waveguide 9-2.
First curved waveguide 2-1 be two 1/4 circular sliding slopes form, both ends respectively with the first straight wave guide 1-1, the first coupling
Close the tangent connection in area 3；Second curved waveguide 2-2 be two 1/4 circular sliding slopes form, both ends respectively with the second straight wave guide 1-2,
The tangent connection in first coupled zone 3；First coupled zone 3, the second coupled zone 7 are by two sections of straight wave guides arranged in parallel with a fixed spacing
Composition；Third, the 4th curved waveguide 4-1,4-2 are 1/4 circular arc, both ends respectively with the first coupled zone 3, asymmetric arm
5 tangent connections；5th curved waveguide 6-1 and the 6th curved waveguide 6-2 is 1/4 circular arc, both ends respectively with it is asymmetric
Arm 5, the tangent connection in the second coupled zone 7；7th curved waveguide 9-1 be both ends respectively with third straight wave guide 8, input waveguide 10-1 phase
Cut the circular arc of connection；8th curved waveguide 9-2 is the both ends circle with the second coupled zone 7, the tangent connection of input waveguide 10-2 respectively
Arc.
Grating circle is with O1Point is the center of circle, O1C is radius；Rowland circle is with O2Point is the center of circle, O1C is diameter, the point of contact C of two circles
A point O on referred to as pole, C point and Rowland circle3Line and O1Angle between C is blaze angle θ.Concave diffraction grating 12 is by two kinds
Material n1、n2By thickness ratio h1:h2Alternatively distributed circle Bragg reflector rearranged in the grating circle upper period.Refractive index is
n2Material correspond to it is each fan ring center circular arc be distributed in O3Point is the K in one center of circle, adjacent radius difference Bragg period d
On a concentric circles, and the circle among this group of concentric circles and grating circle meet at pole C.Each circle intersection point round with grating and thereafter phase
Adjacent concentric circles corresponds to intersection point and O3The intersection point of the angular bisector of line and the circle is the starting point of taken circular arc between point, each intersection point and
O3There are N layers of circular arc between point on line direction.
Input light is inputted by the first straight wave guide 1-1 and the second straight wave guide 2-1 of MZI interleaver, through the first bending wave
It leads 2-1 and the second curved waveguide 2-2 and carries out 3dB light splitting into the first coupled zone 3, and is curved in third curved waveguide 4-1 and the 4th
The approximately uniform light of two beams is obtained in bent waveguide 4-2.Two-beam generates phase difference after the transmission of asymmetric arm 5 respectively, second
It is interfered at coupled zone 7 and carries out 3dB light splitting, finally obtained at the first input waveguide 10-1 and the second input waveguide 10-2
The light that two beam wavelength are interspersed.The exit end of first input waveguide 10-1 and the line and O of pole C3Angle between C is first
Incidence angle of the input waveguide 10-1 with respect to the grating flank of toothThe exit end of second input waveguide 10-2 and the line and O of pole C3C
Between angle be incidence angle of the second input waveguide 10-2 with respect to the grating flank of toothThe emergent light of first input waveguide 10-1 passes through certainly
After the transmission of transmission range 11, the light splitting of 12 diffraction of concave diffraction grating, the first output waveguide array 13-1, the second incoming wave are focused on
The emergent light for leading 10-2 is transmitted through free transmission range 11, after the light splitting of 12 diffraction of concave diffraction grating, focuses on the second output waveguide
Array 13-2.
The Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength-division multiplex of cascade MZI interleaver is designed using above-mentioned apparatus
The method of device, which comprises the following steps:
1) to guarantee that output waveguide is completely separable, two input waveguides meet with respect to the difference of the incidence angle of the grating flank of tooth:
Wherein, δλFor the Channel spacing of designed concave diffraction grating, N is the corresponding output of two input waveguides
Port number.When the incidence angle of the opposite grating flank of tooth it is smaller and it is approximate meet glittering condition when, β can be approximately θ, d can be approximately m λ/
2neff；
2) according to the relationship of two branch-waveguide length difference and concave grating wavelength interval of MZI interleaver:
Complete the design of MZI interleaver；
3) by the two output branch waveguide of MZI interleaver withIncidence angle is input to concave diffraction grating simultaneously,
Rational deployment intersects each input and output waveguide not；
4) design is completed.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, principle according to the present invention designs the SOI material Bragg of a cascade MZI interleaver
Reflector type concave diffraction grating, each parameter are as follows: input wavelength range is 1.53 μm~1.57 μm, and concave diffraction grating is adjacent
Channel wavelength interval δλ=16nm；Free transmission range silicon refractive index n1=3.45, effective refractive index neff=2.849, SiO2 folding
Penetrate rate n2=1.44；D=0.63 μm of width of Bragg reflector periods, the packing ratio h of Si1=0.7, blaze angle θ=45 °, grating
R=384 μm of radius of circle, input, t=4 μm of output waveguide width, grating footage K=161, diffraction time m=2, two incidence angles(two incidence angle absolute values do not require equal)；Two L=52.7 μm of arm length difference Δ of MZI interleaver, two
Coupled zone spacing is 0.2 μm, and length is respectively 18.8 μm, 56.4 μm, and each curved waveguide bending radius is 10 μm.
It is simulated according to above-mentioned parameter, analog result shows that the two-beam exported by MZI interleaver spreads out through concave surface
It after penetrating grating, is efficiently divided on Rowland circle, diffraction efficiency is greater than 80%, and two beam output lights efficiently separate, final defeated
Wavelength interval is the half of designed concave diffraction grating wavelength interval out, greatly reduces device size.
The above content is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all to press
According to technical idea proposed by the present invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within claims of the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer, which is characterized in that staggeredly filtered including MZI
Wave device, the first input waveguide (10-1), the second input waveguide (10-2), the first output waveguide array (13-1), the second output wave
Lead array (13-2)；First input waveguide (10-1) and the second input waveguide (10-2) entry port and the first output waveguide battle array
For the exit ports of column (13-1) and the second output waveguide array (13-2) on Rowland circle, Rowland circle is inscribed within grating circle, and
Rowland diameter of a circle is equal to the radius of grating circle；In the tangent of Rowland circle and grating circle, concave diffraction grating (12) are set；Enter
Penetrate is free transmission range (11) inside port to grating.
2. compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer according to claim 1, feature exist
In MZI interleaver includes the first straight wave guide (1-1) and the second straight wave guide (1-2)；It is first curved waveguide (2-1), second curved
Bent waveguide (2-2), the first coupled zone (3), third curved waveguide (4-1), the 4th curved waveguide (4-2), the first asymmetric arm (5-
1), the second asymmetric arm (5-2), the 5th curved waveguide (6-1), the 6th curved waveguide (6-2), the second coupled zone (7), third are straight
Waveguide (8), the 7th curved waveguide (9-1) and the 8th curved waveguide (9-2)；
First curved waveguide (2-1) is formed by two 1/4 circular sliding slopes, both ends respectively with the first straight wave guide (1-1), the first coupling
Close area (3) tangent connection；Second curved waveguide (2-2) be two 1/4 circular sliding slopes form, both ends respectively with the second straight wave guide
(1-2), the first coupled zone (3) tangent connection；First coupled zone (3), the second coupled zone (7) are by two sections of straight waves arranged in parallel
Composition is led, and there are spacing between this two sections of straight wave guides；Third curved waveguide (4-1) and the 4th curved waveguide (4-2) are one
A 1/4 circular arc, both ends respectively with the first coupled zone (3), asymmetric arm (5) tangent connection；5th curved waveguide (6-1) and
Six curved waveguides (6-2) are 1/4 circular arc, both ends respectively with asymmetric arm (5), the second coupled zone (7) tangent connection；
7th curved waveguide (9-1) is the both ends circular arc with third straight wave guide (8), input waveguide (10-1) tangent connection respectively；8th
Curved waveguide (9-2) is the both ends circular arc with the second coupled zone (7), input waveguide (10-2) tangent connection respectively.
3. compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer according to claim 1, feature exist
In Rowland circle is inscribed in grating circle, and grating circle is with O1Point is the center of circle, O1C is radius；Rowland circle is with O2Point is the center of circle, O1C is
Diameter, the point of contact C of two circles are pole, a pole C and point O on Rowland circle3Line and O1Angle between C is blaze angle θ；Concave surface
Diffraction grating (12) is by two kinds of material n1、n2By thickness ratio h1:h2Alternatively distributed circle Bragg reflector was in grating round last week
Phase rearranges；Refractive index is n2Material correspond to it is each fan ring center circular arc be distributed in O3Point is the center of circle, adjacent radius difference
On the K concentric circles of one Bragg period d, and the circle among this group of concentric circles and grating circle meet at pole C；Each circle and light
The intersection point of grid circle and the thereafter corresponding intersection point of neighboring concentric circle and O3The angular bisector of line and the intersection point of the circle is are taken circle between point
The starting point of arc, each intersection point and O3There are N layers of circular arc between point on line direction.
4. a kind of compact Bragg reflector type concave diffraction grating wavelength division multiplexer as described in claim 1-3 any one
Design method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: to guarantee that output waveguide is completely separable, two input waveguides meet with respect to the difference of the incidence angle of the grating flank of tooth:
Wherein, δλFor the Channel spacing of designed concave diffraction grating, N is the corresponding output channel of two input waveguides
Number, β is angle of diffraction, and λ is incident wavelength, and a is screen periods, and m is diffraction time, neffFor free transmission range effective refractive index；
When the incidence angle of the opposite grating flank of tooth it is smaller and it is approximate meet glittering condition when, β is approximately θ, and d is approximately m λ/2neff；
Step 2: according to the relationship of two branch-waveguide length difference and concave grating wavelength interval of MZI interleaver:
Complete the design of MZI interleaver；
Step 3: by the two output branch waveguide of MZI interleaver withIncidence angle is input to concave diffraction grating simultaneously,
Intersect each input and output waveguide not.
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