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CN109265359A - A kind of side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109265359A
CN109265359A CN201811233118.3A CN201811233118A CN109265359A CN 109265359 A CN109265359 A CN 109265359A CN 201811233118 A CN201811233118 A CN 201811233118A CN 109265359 A CN109265359 A CN 109265359A
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quaternary ammonium
ammonium salt
side chain
type water
preparation
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CN109265359B (en
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赵建新
杨兆辉
宋宝华
单忠峰
杨红文
赵林
贾儒
李龙
杨平
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DALIAN BIO-CHEM Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C213/00Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N33/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
    • A01N33/02Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • A01N33/12Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C213/00Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C213/08Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton by reactions not involving the formation of amino groups, hydroxy groups or etherified or esterified hydroxy groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C217/00Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C217/02Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C217/04Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
    • C07C217/06Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one etherified hydroxy group and one amino group bound to the carbon skeleton, which is not further substituted
    • C07C217/08Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one etherified hydroxy group and one amino group bound to the carbon skeleton, which is not further substituted the oxygen atom of the etherified hydroxy group being further bound to an acyclic carbon atom
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D305/00Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D305/02Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
    • C07D305/04Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D305/06Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G65/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
    • C08G65/26Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
    • C08G65/2618Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing nitrogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2650/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G2650/28Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type
    • C08G2650/50Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type containing nitrogen, e.g. polyetheramines or Jeffamines(r)

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salts and preparation method thereof as shown in formula.After under alkaline condition substitution reaction occurs for ethanol amine and long-chain chloralkane, reaction solution replaces with 3- tolysulfonyl oxygen methyl -3- ethyl-oxetane again without processing generates the monomer containing tertiary amine group, which occurs cationic ring opening copolymer with hydrophilic monomer under the action of initiator and coinitiator and handle to obtain side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt through halide.Such polyquaternium structure novel, low toxicity have the function of good water-soluble and stronger bacteriostasis antibiosis, and non-foam generates in use, has broad application prospects in fields such as industrial circulation water treatment, personal care articles, papermaking, coating, intermetallic composite coating and textiles.

Description

A kind of side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salts and preparation method thereof, belong to field of fine chemical.
Background technique
Industrial bactericide refers in industrial circle to the preparation killed or suppressed growth of microorganism, and industrially uses Fungicide, bacteriostatic agent, preservative, mould inhibitor, algicide etc. are referred to as industrial bactericide, and application field mainly includes industrial cycle Water process, intermetallic composite coating, pulping and paper-making, oil field, coating, adhesive, the cleaning of a shield and polymer emulsion etc..Industrial bactericide It generally can be divided into oxidative bactericide and non-oxidative bactericide two major classes, quaternary ammonium salt fungicide is the surface of a kind of antibiotic property Activating agent is one of most widely used non-oxidative bactericide.Now widely used quaternary ammonium salt fungicide belongs to organic There is more foam when easily dissolution is migrated, used, poor chemical stability, with certain physiological-toxicity and skin irritatin in small molecule The disadvantages of property.With the progress of science and technology and the raising of living standards of the people, people ask material safety and environmental pollution Topic is increasingly paid close attention to, and the research and development of new efficient, low bubble, less toxic quaternary ammonium salt bactericide become focus.
Quaternary ammonium salt macromolecular is the main means to solve the above problems, compared with small molecule quaternary ammonium salt, macromolecule Quaternary ammonium salt has many advantages, such as: it is not easy dissolution migration, good durability, low bubble and hypotoxicity etc..Quaternary ammonium salt macromolecular Method first is that preparing polyquaternium by monomer polymerization or copolymerization, polyquaternium, which refers to, contains multiple quaternary ammonium salt bases in molecule The polymer of group, quaternary ammonium salt group are distributed on high molecular side chain or main chain by covalent bond mode.Polyquaternium purposes Than wide, the multi-purpose conditioner etc. for making personal-care supplies of presently commercially available polyquaternium product, such as polyquaternium -7, polyquaternary amine Salt -10 and Merquat 280 etc..Minority is applied to the polyquaternium products in antibacterial field, such as polyquaternium -1, though have compared with Strong bactericidal effect is simultaneously used widely in contact lens care solution, but still it is growing to be insufficient for more areas The market demand, it is therefore necessary to develop new polyquaternary amine salt Antibacterial Products.
Patent CN105523946B discloses a kind of polyquaternium anti-biotic material and preparation method thereof, will modify with halides Monomer polymerization after form polymer precursor, add tertiary amine carry out quaternary ammonium reaction prepare polyquaternium high molecular material;Specially Sharp CN106084203B uses above-mentioned same method, and coinitiator is changed to polyethylene glycol, makes water-soluble preferable polyethylene glycol Segment is embedded into material, increases the water solubility of material, to obtain a kind of water soluble block polyquaternium macromolecule material Material.Although the polyquaternium anti-biotic material of above method preparation has good anti-microbial property, master used in synthesis process The disadvantages of wanting raw material includes double halides, and there are reaction selectivity difference and higher costs, limits it to a certain extent and answers With.
The present invention is directed to the shortcomings that quaternary ammonium salt bactericide and development trend, is introduced polymerizable groups by MOLECULE DESIGN In small molecule quaternary ammonium salt structure precursor, then it is prepared for by the cationic ring opening copolymer and quaternization reaction with hydrophilic monomer A kind of novel side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel polyquaternium and preparation method thereof, polyquaternary amines of the present invention Salt and preparation method thereof has the advantage that polyquaternium 1) of the invention has good anti-microbial property, can be used for commercial sterilization Agent field;2) preparation process is simply controllable, strong operability, environmentally protective;3) polyquaternium prepared by the present invention dissolves out migration Rate is low, is easy degradation, belongs to the compound of low toxic and environment-friendly type;4) polyquaternium prepared by the present invention has good water-soluble Property, non-foam generates in use.
Quaternary ammonium salt is a kind of non-oxidative bactericide with cation group, and it is permanent that biocidal efficacies are stablized, if logical It crosses polymerization methods and prepares polyphosphazene polymer quaternary ammonium salt and be possible to obtain that polyfunctional group, quaternary ammonium salt molecular mobility ratio be low, anti-microbial property The fungicide product of excellent, low foam in use process, good water solubility.Currently, the report of this respect is few, the present invention is by dividing Polymerizable groups are introduced into small molecule quaternary ammonium salt structure precursor by son design, then by opening with the cation of hydrophilic aqueous monomers Ring copolymerization and quaternization reaction are prepared for a kind of novel side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt.
A kind of novel polyquaternium provided by the invention, structural formula are (I):
Wherein:
R is C8~C22 alkyl;M and n is natural number greater than 1, and m > n;X is Cl or Br;
The example of the compound of formula (I) includes following compounds, but not limited to this:
Formula (I) compound reaction route provided by the invention can be used following reaction equation to indicate:
The preparation method of formula (I) compound provided by the invention comprises the following steps that
1) tertiary amine that substitution reaction generates hydroxyl occurs under alkaline condition for long-chain chloralkane and ethanol amine;
2) the above-mentioned reaction solution 1) obtained is directly added into 3- tolysulfonyl oxygen methyl -3- ethyl-oxa- ring without processing Butane carries out substitution reaction, through being recrystallized to give the monomer containing tertiary amine group;
3) it is above-mentioned 2) gained monomer initiator and coinitiator effect under with 3- ethyl -3- methylol-oxetanes Cationic ring opening copolymer occurs, then handles to obtain the aqueous solution of target compounds of formula (I) through halide.
Long-chain chloralkane and ethanol amine reaction process used catalyst are potassium iodide or sodium iodide;Solvent for use is selected from N, Dinethylformamide, toluene, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, preferably n,N-Dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran;Alkali used For tertiary amine, secondary sterically hindered amines;Preferably triethylamine, the dosage of alkali are selected from 1.1~1.5 times of the amount of long-chain chloralkane substance.
Initiator used in polymerization reaction is boron trifluoride ether;Coinitiator is selected from ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5- penta Glycol, 1,6- hexylene glycol, glycerine, preferably ethylene glycol and Isosorbide-5-Nitrae butanediol.
The preparation method of formula (I) compound provided by the invention, entire preparation method is simply controllable, strong operability, preparation Process waste is few, environmentally protective.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further illustrated by following nonlimiting examples.
The preparation of double ten alkyl tertiary amines of embodiment 1:3- ethyl-oxetane -3- methoxyethyl
Equipped in churned mechanically 500mL four-hole bottle, 7.6g ethanol amine, 44.0g chloro decane, 220mL tetrahydro is added Furans, 30.4g triethylamine, 0.2g potassium iodide are heated to 50~60 DEG C and react 8 hours, and TLC detection display reaction is completed, will be anti- It answers liquid temperature to be down to 25~30 DEG C, adds 33.7g 3- tolysulfonyl oxygen methyl -3- ethyl-oxetane and 12.6g Triethylamine, insulation reaction 24 hours, reaction solution was extracted with ethyl acetate after water stirring is added, and took off after the washing of combined ethyl acetate layer Molten, 50% ethyl alcohol recrystallization is added in residue, obtains the pale yellow acicular crystal of 39.5g after dry, yield 72%, and content >= 98.0%.1H NMR(CDCl3) δ: 4.23~4.51 (m, 4H), 3.82 (s, 2H), 3.35 (t, 2H), 2.63 (t, 4H), 2.28 (t, 2H), 1.64 (m, 2H), 1.30~1.50 (m, 32H), 0.89 (m, 9H).
The preparation of embodiment 2:3- ethyl-oxetane -3- methoxyethyl double hexadecyl tertiary amine
In churned mechanically 500mL four-hole bottle is housed, addition 7.6g ethanol amine, 65.0g chloro-hexadecane, 180mL N, Dinethylformamide, 30.4g triethylamine, 0.3g potassium iodide are heated to 50~60 DEG C and react 12 hours, and TLC detection display is anti- It should complete, reacting liquid temperature is down to 25~30 DEG C, add 33.7g 3- tolysulfonyl oxygen methyl -3- ethyl-oxa- ring Butane and 12.6g triethylamine, insulation reaction 24 hours, reaction solution was extracted with ethyl acetate after water stirring is added, and merged acetic acid second Precipitation after ester layer washing, residue are added 95% ethyl alcohol recrystallization, obtain 47.5g buff powder after dry, yield 63% contains Amount >=98.0%.1H NMR(CDCl3) δ: 4.20~4.48 (m, 4H), 3.79 (s, 2H), 3.23 (t, 2H), 2.45 (t, 4H), 2.16 (t, 2H), 1.52 (m, 2H), 1.28~1.51 (m, 56H), 0.90 (m, 9H).
Embodiment 3: the preparation of compound (I a)
In the 250mL four-hole bottle equipped with mechanical stirring and nitrogen protection device, addition 0.70g boron trifluoride ether, 0.16g ethylene glycol and 25mL anhydrous methylene chloride are cooled to 0~5 DEG C, keep that 27.8g 3- ethyl-oxygen is added dropwise at this temperature Double ten alkyl tertiary amines of azetidine -3- methoxyethyl and 22.0g 3- ethyl -3- methylol-oxetanes 100mL dichloro Dichloromethane continues to stir at this temperature 15 hours after being added dropwise, and 1g deionized water, the anhydrous sulphur of 2g are added into reaction solution Sour sodium and 10g diatomite filter after stirring half an hour, and 220mL deionized water is added after removing methylene chloride in filtrate, are transferred to and have In the 500mL four-hole bottle of mechanical stirring and air-breather, it is passed through methyl chloride gas under stirring, it is small to continue stirring 1 after the completion of ventilation When after be passed through nitrogen, cross and filter out mechanical admixture, obtain 260g light yellow solution, polyquaternium content >=20.0%.
Embodiment 4: the preparation of compound (I b)
In the 500mL four-hole bottle equipped with mechanical stirring and nitrogen protection device, addition 0.70g boron trifluoride ether, 0.23g 1,4-butanediol and 25mL anhydrous methylene chloride are cooled to 0~5 DEG C, keep that 28.8g 3- second is added dropwise at this temperature Base-oxetanes -3- methoxyethyl double hexadecyl tertiary amine and 22.0g 3- ethyl -3- methylol-oxetanes 120mL dichloromethane solution continues to stir at this temperature 15 hours after being added dropwise, and 1g deionization is added into reaction solution Water, 3g anhydrous sodium sulfate and 15g diatomite filter after stirring half an hour, and 500mL deionization is added after removing methylene chloride in filtrate Water is transferred in the 1L four-hole bottle with mechanical stirring and air-breather, and methyl chloride gas is passed through under stirring, is continued after the completion of ventilation Stirring is passed through nitrogen after 1 hour, cross and filter out mechanical admixture, obtain 530g light yellow solution, polyquaternium content >=10.0%.
Embodiment 5: the preparation of compound (I c)
In the 500mL four-hole bottle equipped with mechanical stirring and nitrogen protection device, addition 0.70g boron trifluoride ether, 0.23g 1,4-butanediol and 25mL anhydrous methylene chloride are cooled to 0~5 DEG C, keep that 28.8g 3- second is added dropwise at this temperature Base-oxetanes -3- methoxyethyl double hexadecyl tertiary amine and 22.0g 3- ethyl -3- methylol-oxetanes 120mL dichloromethane solution continues to stir at this temperature 15 hours after being added dropwise, and 1g deionization is added into reaction solution Water, 3g anhydrous sodium sulfate and 15g diatomite filter after stirring half an hour, and 500mL deionization is added after removing methylene chloride in filtrate Water is transferred in the 1L four-hole bottle with mechanical stirring and air-breather, and methyl bromide gas is passed through under stirring, is continued after the completion of ventilation Stirring is passed through nitrogen after 1 hour, cross and filter out mechanical admixture, obtain 525g light yellow solution, polyquaternium content >=10.0%.
Embodiment 6: the antibiotic effect test of side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt
Gram-positive bacteria staphylococcus aureus (SA) is selected in experiment, and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (EC) are as survey Try bacterium, take activation after bacterial strain, be inoculated in liquid nutritional culture solution, cultivated in 37 DEG C of shaking tables 24 hours it is spare.Every kind 4 groups of experiments, blank control, I a of sample, I b of sample, I c of sample are in test.I a of sample weighs 25mg, sample I b and I c weigh 50mg (polyquaternium content is 5mg) is respectively put into 250mL conical flask (except blank group), and 100mL PBS buffer solution is added 24 hours bacterium solutions are cultivated with 1mL, is placed in vibrate 1 hour in 30 DEG C of shaking tables 1mL supernatant is taken to make gradient dilution, using plate meter The clump count of number method measurement viable bacteria.The calculation formula of antibiotic rate are as follows:
Test result is as follows for antibiotic effect shown in table:

Claims (6)

1. a kind of side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt, which is characterized in that its chemical structural formula is shown below:
Wherein: R is C8 ~ C22 alkyl;M and n is natural number greater than 1, and m > n;X is Cl or Br.
2. the preparation method of side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that steps are as follows: 1) The tertiary amine that substitution reaction generates hydroxyl occurs under alkaline condition for long-chain chloralkane and ethanol amine;2) it is above-mentioned 1) obtain it is anti- It answers liquid without processing, is directly added into 3- tolysulfonyl oxygen methyl -3- ethyl-oxetane and carries out substitution reaction, tied again Crystalline substance obtains the monomer containing tertiary amine group;3) it is above-mentioned 2) gained monomer under the action of initiator and coinitiator with 3- ethyl -3- Methylol-oxetanes handles to obtain the aqueous solution of target compounds of formula through halide after cationic ring opening copolymer occurs.
3. the preparation method of side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt according to claim 2, which is characterized in that used in step 1) Solvent is selected from n,N-Dimethylformamide, toluene, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, and alkali used is selected from tertiary amine, secondary sterically hindered amines, alkali Dosage be selected from 1.1 ~ 1.5 times of amount of long-chain chloralkane substance;Used catalyst is selected from potassium iodide or sodium iodide.
4. the preparation method of side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the solvent N, Dinethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran.
5. the preparation method of side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt according to claim 3, which is characterized in that three second of alkali Amine and diisopropyl ethyl amine.
6. the preparation method of side chain type water-soluble poly-quaternary ammonium salt according to claim 2, which is characterized in that used in step 3) Initiator is boron trifluoride ether;Coinitiator is selected from ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-PD, 1,6- hexylene glycol, the third three Alcohol, preferably ethylene glycol and Isosorbide-5-Nitrae butanediol.
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Cited By (1)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113384758A (en) * 2021-06-18 2021-09-14 海思盖德(苏州)生物医学科技有限公司 Anticoagulation coating composition and preparation method and application thereof

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