CN109235033B - 一种织物抗菌除臭整理剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种织物抗菌除臭整理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:S1.制备焙烧水云母粘土粉;S2.制备改性水云母粘土;S3.制备改性壳聚糖;S4.配置改性壳聚糖溶液;S5.将改性水云母粘土,吐温80,纳米氧化锌溶于水中配置粘土混合水溶液改性水云母粘土;S6.将粘土混合水溶液滴加进改性壳聚糖溶液中,再将多聚磷酸钠溶液滴加到壳聚糖和粘土混合液中,搅拌后,再在超声波振荡仪中超声,得到织物除臭整理剂。本发明的的抗菌除臭整理剂通过焙烧和酸化以及活化的粘土,获得多孔,吸附性好的粘土,改性的壳聚糖和改性的粘土具有较好的相容性,以及粘土具有很好的分散性,再加上氧化锌,使得整理剂具有很好的抗菌除臭效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织整理助剂领域,具体涉及一种织物抗菌除臭整理剂的制备方法。
背景技术
在自然界的物质循环消长过程中,微生物起着极其重要的作用。它们之间互有杀死或灭活作用,这就构成它们的协调平衡生态。由此人们皮肤上的一些长驻菌也起到了保护皮肤免受致病菌的侵害的作用。一旦菌群失调,少量致病菌就会通过皮肤、呼吸道或消化系统对人体造成危害。 纺织品是传递病菌的一个重要的媒介。若纺织品具有杀灭致病菌的功能,则减少了一个重要的传播病菌途径,同时也避免了微生物繁殖和织物上污物分解产生的臭味,避免对皮肤的异常刺激作用。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题:本发明的目的是提供织物抗菌除臭整理剂,通过添加改性的粘土,增加了对有机气体的吸附作用。
技术方案:一种织物抗菌除臭整理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1. 将水云母粘土粉末分散于去离子水水中,加入三聚磷酸钠搅拌后静置,将上层悬浮液高速离心分离洗涤干燥,研磨粉碎并过500-700目筛后置于600-750℃下焙烧40-80min,然后再升温至800-1000℃焙烧20-50min,冷却备用;
S2. 将焙烧后粘土加入到1-5 mol/L盐酸酸液中,搅拌30min,静置1h,过滤,105℃下干燥12 h, 然后将盐酸酸化的粘土中加入去离子水,配成5%的悬浮液,在常温下机械搅拌 10min,然后升温至60℃,加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,机械搅拌,速度为500-1000 r/min,搅拌60-120min后离心,置于烘箱中,设置温度在80-90℃,烘干,然后研磨,过600目筛,在105℃温度下活化2.0h,改性水云母粘土;
S3. 将壳聚糖加入蒸馏水中,充分溶胀,配置成浓度为4.8-7wt%的壳聚糖水溶液,然后加入α-酮戊二酸,过滤,用碱调节pH至5,在35℃的水浴中反应2-6h后,再加入硼氢化钠,壳聚糖,α-酮戊二酸和硼氢化钠的质量比为3:4:2.5,反应24h后,提取得到改性壳聚糖;
S4. 将改性壳聚糖溶解于1%的醋酸溶液中,配置成浓度为5-10%的改性壳聚糖溶液;
S5. 将改性水云母粘土,吐温80,纳米氧化锌溶于水中配置成浓度为5-10%的粘土混合水溶液改性水云母粘土,吐温80和纳米氧化锌的质量比为20:2-3:5-10;
S6. 将粘土混合水溶液滴加进改性壳聚糖溶液中,再将浓度为1-2.5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液滴加到壳聚糖和粘土混合液中,搅拌20-40min后,再在超声波振荡仪中超声10-20min,得到织物除臭整理剂。
有益效果:本发明的的抗菌除臭整理剂通过焙烧和酸化以及活化的粘土,获得多孔,吸附性好的粘土,改性的壳聚糖和改性的粘土具有较好的相容性,以及粘土具有很好的分散性,再加上氧化锌,使得整理剂具有很好的抗菌除臭效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种织物抗菌除臭整理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1. 将水云母粘土粉末分散于去离子水水中,加入三聚磷酸钠搅拌后静置,将上层悬浮液高速离心分离洗涤干燥,研磨粉碎并过500目筛后置于600℃下焙烧40min,然后再升温至800℃焙烧20min,冷却备用;
S2. 将焙烧后粘土加入到1 mol/L盐酸酸液中,搅拌30min,静置1h,过滤,105℃下干燥12 h, 然后将盐酸酸化的粘土中加入去离子水,配成5%的悬浮液,在常温下机械搅拌10min,然后升温至60℃,加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,机械搅拌,速度为1000 r/min,搅拌60min后离心,置于烘箱中,设置温度在90℃,烘干,然后研磨,过600目筛,在105℃温度下活化2.0h,改性水云母粘土;
S3. 将壳聚糖加入蒸馏水中,充分溶胀,配置成浓度为7wt%的壳聚糖水溶液,然后加入α-酮戊二酸,过滤,用碱调节pH至5,在35℃的水浴中反应2h后,再加入硼氢化钠,壳聚糖,α-酮戊二酸和硼氢化钠的质量比为3:4:2.5,反应24h后,提取得到改性壳聚糖;
S4. 将改性壳聚糖溶解于1%的醋酸溶液中,配置成浓度为5%的改性壳聚糖溶液;
S5. 将改性水云母粘土,吐温80,纳米氧化锌溶于水中配置成浓度为10%的粘土混合水溶液改性水云母粘土,吐温80和纳米氧化锌的质量比为20:2:10;
S6. 将粘土混合水溶液滴加进改性壳聚糖溶液中,再将浓度为1%的多聚磷酸钠溶液滴加到壳聚糖和粘土混合液中,搅拌20min后,再在超声波振荡仪中超声20min,得到织物除臭整理剂。
实施例2
一种织物抗菌除臭整理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1. 将水云母粘土粉末分散于去离子水水中,加入三聚磷酸钠搅拌后静置,将上层悬浮液高速离心分离洗涤干燥,研磨粉碎并过700目筛后置于750℃下焙烧80min,然后再升温至1000℃焙烧50min,冷却备用;
S2. 将焙烧后粘土加入到5 mol/L盐酸酸液中,搅拌30min,静置1h,过滤,105℃下干燥12 h, 然后将盐酸酸化的粘土中加入去离子水,配成5%的悬浮液,在常温下机械搅拌10min,然后升温至60℃,加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,机械搅拌,速度为500 r/min,搅拌120min后离心,置于烘箱中,设置温度在80℃,烘干,然后研磨,过600目筛,在105℃温度下活化2.0h,改性水云母粘土;
S3. 将壳聚糖加入蒸馏水中,充分溶胀,配置成浓度为4.8wt%的壳聚糖水溶液,然后加入α-酮戊二酸,过滤,用碱调节pH至5,在35℃的水浴中反应6h后,再加入硼氢化钠,壳聚糖,α-酮戊二酸和硼氢化钠的质量比为3:4:2.5,反应24h后,提取得到改性壳聚糖;
S4. 将改性壳聚糖溶解于1%的醋酸溶液中,配置成浓度为10%的改性壳聚糖溶液;
S5. 将改性水云母粘土,吐温80,纳米氧化锌溶于水中配置成浓度为5%的粘土混合水溶液改性水云母粘土,吐温80和纳米氧化锌的质量比为20:3:5;
S6. 将粘土混合水溶液滴加进改性壳聚糖溶液中,再将浓度为2.5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液滴加到壳聚糖和粘土混合液中,搅拌40min后,再在超声波振荡仪中超声10min,得到织物除臭整理剂。
实施例3
一种织物抗菌除臭整理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1. 将水云母粘土粉末分散于去离子水水中,加入三聚磷酸钠搅拌后静置,将上层悬浮液高速离心分离洗涤干燥,研磨粉碎并过550目筛后置于650℃下焙烧70min,然后再升温至850℃焙烧40min,冷却备用;
S2. 将焙烧后粘土加入到2 mol/L盐酸酸液中,搅拌30min,静置1h,过滤,105℃下干燥12 h, 然后将盐酸酸化的粘土中加入去离子水,配成5%的悬浮液,在常温下机械搅拌10min,然后升温至60℃,加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,机械搅拌,速度为650 r/min,搅拌100min后离心,置于烘箱中,设置温度在80℃,烘干,然后研磨,过600目筛,在105℃温度下活化2.0h,改性水云母粘土;
S3. 将壳聚糖加入蒸馏水中,充分溶胀,配置成浓度为5.5wt%的壳聚糖水溶液,然后加入α-酮戊二酸,过滤,用碱调节pH至5,在35℃的水浴中反应2h后,再加入硼氢化钠,壳聚糖,α-酮戊二酸和硼氢化钠的质量比为3:4:2.5,反应24h后,提取得到改性壳聚糖;
S4. 将改性壳聚糖溶解于1%的醋酸溶液中,配置成浓度为5%的改性壳聚糖溶液;
S5. 将改性水云母粘土,吐温80,纳米氧化锌溶于水中配置成浓度为6%的粘土混合水溶液改性水云母粘土,吐温80和纳米氧化锌的质量比为20:3:6;
S6. 将粘土混合水溶液滴加进改性壳聚糖溶液中,再将浓度为1%的多聚磷酸钠溶液滴加到壳聚糖和粘土混合液中,搅拌25min后,再在超声波振荡仪中超声10min,得到织物除臭整理剂。
实施例4
一种织物抗菌除臭整理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1. 将水云母粘土粉末分散于去离子水水中,加入三聚磷酸钠搅拌后静置,将上层悬浮液高速离心分离洗涤干燥,研磨粉碎并过650目筛后置于720℃下焙烧50min,然后再升温至900℃焙烧30min,冷却备用;
S2. 将焙烧后粘土加入到4 mol/L盐酸酸液中,搅拌30min,静置1h,过滤,105℃下干燥12 h, 然后将盐酸酸化的粘土中加入去离子水,配成5%的悬浮液,在常温下机械搅拌10min,然后升温至60℃,加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,机械搅拌,速度为900 r/min,搅拌80min后离心,置于烘箱中,设置温度在90℃,烘干,然后研磨,过600目筛,在105℃温度下活化2.0h,改性水云母粘土;
S3. 将壳聚糖加入蒸馏水中,充分溶胀,配置成浓度为6.5wt%的壳聚糖水溶液,然后加入α-酮戊二酸,过滤,用碱调节pH至5,在35℃的水浴中反应6h后,再加入硼氢化钠,壳聚糖,α-酮戊二酸和硼氢化钠的质量比为3:4:2.5,反应24h后,提取得到改性壳聚糖;
S4. 将改性壳聚糖溶解于1%的醋酸溶液中,配置成浓度为10%的改性壳聚糖溶液;
S5. 将改性水云母粘土,吐温80,纳米氧化锌溶于水中配置成浓度为9%的粘土混合水溶液改性水云母粘土,吐温80和纳米氧化锌的质量比为20:2:9;
S6. 将粘土混合水溶液滴加进改性壳聚糖溶液中,再将浓度为2.5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液滴加到壳聚糖和粘土混合液中,搅拌35min后,再在超声波振荡仪中超声20min,得到织物除臭整理剂。
实施例5
一种织物抗菌除臭整理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1. 将水云母粘土粉末分散于去离子水水中,加入三聚磷酸钠搅拌后静置,将上层悬浮液高速离心分离洗涤干燥,研磨粉碎并过600目筛后置于700℃下焙烧60min,然后再升温至880℃焙烧35min,冷却备用;
S2. 将焙烧后粘土加入到3 mol/L盐酸酸液中,搅拌30min,静置1h,过滤,105℃下干燥12 h, 然后将盐酸酸化的粘土中加入去离子水,配成5%的悬浮液,在常温下机械搅拌10min,然后升温至60℃,加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,机械搅拌,速度为800 r/min,搅拌90min后离心,置于烘箱中,设置温度在85℃,烘干,然后研磨,过600目筛,在105℃温度下活化2.0h,改性水云母粘土;
S3. 将壳聚糖加入蒸馏水中,充分溶胀,配置成浓度为6wt%的壳聚糖水溶液,然后加入α-酮戊二酸,过滤,用碱调节pH至5,在35℃的水浴中反应4h后,再加入硼氢化钠,壳聚糖,α-酮戊二酸和硼氢化钠的质量比为3:4:2.5,反应24h后,提取得到改性壳聚糖;
S4. 将改性壳聚糖溶解于1%的醋酸溶液中,配置成浓度为8%的改性壳聚糖溶液;
S5. 将改性水云母粘土,吐温80,纳米氧化锌溶于水中配置成浓度为7%的粘土混合水溶液改性水云母粘土,吐温80和纳米氧化锌的质量比为20:3:9;
S6. 将粘土混合水溶液滴加进改性壳聚糖溶液中,再将浓度为1.5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液滴加到壳聚糖和粘土混合液中,搅拌30min后,再在超声波振荡仪中超声15min,得到织物除臭整理剂。
对比例1
一种织物抗菌除臭整理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将壳聚糖加入蒸馏水中,充分溶胀,配置成浓度为6wt%的壳聚糖水溶液,然后加入α-酮戊二酸,过滤,用碱调节pH至5,在35℃的水浴中反应4h后,再加入硼氢化钠,壳聚糖,α-酮戊二酸和硼氢化钠的质量比为3:4:2.5,反应24h后,提取得到改性壳聚糖;
S2. 将改性壳聚糖溶解于1%的醋酸溶液中,配置成浓度为8%的改性壳聚糖溶液;
S3. 将纳米水云母粘土,吐温80,纳米氧化锌溶于水中配置成浓度为7%的粘土混合水溶液改性水云母粘土,吐温80和纳米氧化锌的质量比为20:3:9;
S4. 将粘土混合水溶液滴加进改性壳聚糖溶液中,再将浓度为1.5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液滴加到壳聚糖和粘土混合液中,搅拌30min后,再在超声波振荡仪中超声15min,得到织物除臭整理剂。
将实施例和空白对比例的织物,分别悬挂于10L真空干燥器中,每个干燥器中加入0.05ml氨标液,把干燥器置于恒温培养箱中,25℃放置12h,用大气 采样器以0.4L/min速率采样2.5min,吸收液为20ml蒸馏水。采样结束后,把吸收液用水稀释至100ml容量瓶中。用可见分光光度计在420nm处,以空白溶液为参比,测其吸光度,然后代入氨-吸光度工作曲线,计算干燥器中氨气浓度。
采用振荡烧瓶法测抗菌效果,在盛有稀释液的具塞三角 烧瓶中,投入整理后的织物后加入菌液,37℃条件下在摇床上振荡1 h,取出1mL试验液,置于固体培养基,用稀释平板计数法培养计数,按下式计算抑菌率. 抑菌率=(整理织物浸渍振荡前烧瓶中的平均活菌数-整理织物浸渍振荡后烧瓶中的平均活菌数)/整理织物浸渍振荡前烧瓶中的平均活菌数*100%;按标准皂洗方法:皂片4g/L,纯碱2g/L,40℃, 浴比1:30,20 min(前、中、后各搅拌1次),作为洗涤1 次.经20次洗涤后,用大肠杆菌进行抗菌效果测试。
Claims (1)
1.一种织物抗菌除臭整理剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1. 将水云母粘土粉末分散于去离子水中,加入三聚磷酸钠搅拌后静置,将上层悬浮液高速离心分离洗涤干燥,研磨粉碎并过500-700目筛后置于600-750℃下焙烧40-80min,然后再升温至800-1000℃焙烧20-50min,冷却备用;
S2. 将焙烧后粘土加入到1-5 mol/L盐酸酸液中,搅拌30min,静置1h,过滤,105℃下干燥12 h, 然后将盐酸酸化的粘土中加入去离子水,配成5%的悬浮液,在常温下机械搅拌10min,然后升温至60℃,加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,机械搅拌,速度为500-1000 r/min,搅拌60-120min后离心,置于烘箱中,设置温度在80-90℃,烘干,然后研磨,过600目筛,在105℃温度下活化2.0h,得到改性水云母粘土;
S3. 将壳聚糖加入蒸馏水中,充分溶胀,配置成浓度为4.8-7wt%的壳聚糖水溶液,然后加入α-酮戊二酸,过滤,用碱调节pH至5,在35℃的水浴中反应2-6h后,再加入硼氢化钠,壳聚糖,α-酮戊二酸和硼氢化钠的质量比为3:4:2.5,反应24h后,提取得到改性壳聚糖;
S4. 将改性壳聚糖溶解于1%的醋酸溶液中,配置成浓度为5-10%的改性壳聚糖溶液;
S5. 将改性水云母粘土,吐温80,纳米氧化锌溶于水中配置成浓度为5-10%的粘土混合水溶液,其中改性水云母粘土,吐温80和纳米氧化锌的质量比为20:2-3:5-10;
S6. 将粘土混合水溶液滴加进改性壳聚糖溶液中,再将浓度为1-2.5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液滴加到壳聚糖和粘土混合液中,搅拌20-40min后,再在超声波振荡仪中超声10-20min,得到织物除臭整理剂。
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