CN109175669A - A kind of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109175669A CN109175669A CN201811084359.6A CN201811084359A CN109175669A CN 109175669 A CN109175669 A CN 109175669A CN 201811084359 A CN201811084359 A CN 201811084359A CN 109175669 A CN109175669 A CN 109175669A
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- spot welding
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- material manufacturing
- mixing needle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method, and this method utilizes the principle of filled type friction spot welding, successively adds of the same race or dissimilar material in pad surface, repeats friction spot welding technical process, realizes increasing material manufacturing of the same race or dissimilar material.This method can bulge-structure of the same race in component surface increasing material manufacturing or dissimilar material, may further be used to preparation has densification equiaxed grain structure or with the dissimilar material Thin-diameter rod of component gradient feature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to increases material manufacturing technologies and filled type friction spot welding technology, and in particular to a kind of friction spot welding increasing material system
Make method.
Background technique
In solid phase spot welding field, filled type friction spot welding technology is developed by the research center German HZG (preceding GKSS),
Feature is using mixing needle, and the soldering appliance that stirring set and three components of clamping sleeve form is welded, i.e., under mixing needle rotation
Material is pressed, while stirring set rotation and rising the plastic metal for accommodating and squeezing out；It is subsequently agitated for needle rising, stirring set pushing forms smooth
Solder joint, be detailed in United States Patent (USP) US006722556B2.
Filled type friction spot welding technology is a kind of interconnection technique, is currently used primarily in the spot welding of the materials plate such as aluminium alloy
Connection, since material is non-fusible during friction spot welding, belongs to solid phase connecting method, overcomes in aluminium alloy fusion welding process and easily produce
Angry hole is mingled with and inherent defect the defects of crackle, connector forming rely on the friction heat production of stirring tool high ambient temperatures and stirred
Mix the interaction of metal material Plastic Flow.Plastic joining generates the stirring region formed around stirring tool, the region
Under the mechanical forces such as stirring tool rotation, extruding, forging, fine and close equiaxed grain structure is formed, so that it is excellent to assign connector
Mechanical property and structure property.
In view of the Solid-phase welding characteristic of filled type friction spot welding, the solid phase that it can be used to carry out the materials such as aluminium alloy increases material
Manufacture.It can be used for mainly having the method for the materials solid phase increases material manufacturing technology such as aluminium alloy:
(1) friction press welding is squeezed into
1993 Britain's institute of welding (TWI) propose the principle for squeezing into friction press welding, placed in workpiece surface opposite
Softer material, is rotated and is rubbed using soldering appliance, and material is squeezed into workpiece.This method is manufactured and is repaired in metal structure
Welding field is widely used, such as various lifting lugs, hook and fixed handle, localized cracks and hole are welded in various structures
Equal leak stopping and reparation welding.The disadvantages of this method is to be merely able to the structure of manufacture same material, cannot achieve different materials, at
The control divided, and the accuracy of manufacture is lower.
(2) linear friction pressure welding
TWI proposes the friction increases material manufacturing technology of the solid phase based on linear friction in recent years, can be layer-by-layer by different materials
It is stacked on matrix by the method for linear friction welding.The disadvantages of this method is that there are a tops during linear friction welding
Step is forged, extra plastic material is squeezed out into weld interface in compressing process, so that being stacked into the material thickness on matrix every time
It is uncontrollable.
(3) consumptive material surface friction surfacing
Nineteen fifty-nine passes through rotation using consumable material in the friction press welding method that the Soviet Union obtains industrial application first
Friction, the built-up welding on matrix.This method be suitable for various metal part surface special deposit layers, hard alloy layer and it is wear-resistant with
Corrode the reparation welding of local defect etc..The disadvantages of this method is, can only built-up welding sedimentary on the surface of the material, cannot achieve vertical
The increasing material manufacturing of body structure.
(4) mixing yoghurt
This method is the friction processing technology derived from agitating friction welding technology, can be applied to aluminium, magnesium, copper and titanium and closes
The processing such as surface Hardening Treatment, local grain micronization processes and composite surface material of gold, cast iron and high temperature alloy, it can also be used to
The 3 D stereo increasing material manufacturing of simple shape.But the disadvantages of this method is, for minor diameter, the adjustable cylindrical body knot of ingredient
Structure increasing material manufacturing cannot achieve.
Although in conclusion having had some solution party for the solid phase increases material manufacturing technology of the alloys such as aluminium, magnesium, titanium
Case, but various schemes have the shortcomings that its is intrinsic.The fine structure increasing material manufacturing controllable for small size, ingredient, there is no
The solution of effect.Therefore, the exploitation fine structure increasing material manufacturing new method controllable for small size, ingredient is needed.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to realize the controllable fine structure solid phase increasing material manufacturing of small size, ingredient, it is able to solve existing
There is the problems such as ingredient is uncontrollable, the accuracy of manufacture is low existing for solid phase increasing material manufacturing method.
Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method, and this method comprises the following steps: S1, clamping sleeve
With the pressure fixing not less than 10kN in workpiece surface, stirring set is rotating pushing, and mixing needle is rotating rising, in the process
In, the direction of rotation and speed of mixing needle and stirring set are all the same, then, plastic metal are squeezed into mixing needle and rises the sky to be formed
Chamber；S2, when stirring set be moved downwardly to setting depth when, start to move upwards, meanwhile, mixing needle push, by plastic metal
Downwards backfill, when mixing needle and stirring set move to end face it is concordant with workpiece surface when, mixing needle, stir cover and clamping sleeve it is upward
It is mobile, workpiece surface is left, smooth solder joint is formed；S3, second block of plate, pressure are added in the workpiece surface for forming smooth solder joint
Fixed, stirring set and mixing needle repeat step S1 and S2, form second solder joint in the pad surface that step S2 is formed；S4, again
Multiple step S3 adds n-th block of plate in the workpiece surface for forming smooth solder joint, and clamping sleeve, stirring set and mixing needle repeat step
S1 and S2 forms n-th of solder joint in the pad surface that step Sn is formed, wherein n=3,4,5 ...；S5, using machining
Method remove the material in added plate other than solder joint, the bulge-structure or bar of increasing material manufacturing can be obtained.
In further scheme, the plate that successively adds in the step S4 can be same material or dissimilar material, can
Material category and adding order added by selecting as needed.
In further scheme, the plate thickness range successively added in step S4 is 0.1mm~4mm, is added every time
Plate thickness and quantity can be identical or not identical, can select the plate thickness and quantity of every layer of addition as needed.
In further scheme, in the step S2, the depth of the setting is not less than the thickness of added material, is not more than
The sum of added material thickness and 0.6mm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
1, due to the Solid-phase welding characteristic that friction spot welding has, material is non-fusible during increasing material manufacturing, but passes through
The modes such as dynamic recrystallization realize connection between layers, and tiny equiaxed grain structure can be obtained, under refined crystalline strengthening effect,
Mechanical property with higher；In addition, friction spot welding process substantially belongs to forging process, the knot of tissue of available densification
Structure, and can eliminate crackle, it is loose the defects of, further improve the mechanical property of manufactured material.
It 2, can be as needed since the plate that in the above-mentioned methods, successively adds can be same material or dissimilar material
Material category added by selecting and adding order.So method of the invention can by control institute's added material type,
And then the ingredient of material is controlled, obtain the class composite material of the material or local strengthening with composition gradient transition feature.
3, since the plate thickness and quantity added every time can be identical or not identical, thickness range is in 0.1mm~4mm
It is adjustable, therefore can be by the plate thickness and quantity of every layer of addition of selection, and then control the gradient magnitude of material composition.That is, can
By controlling the thickness and quantity of added material, to improve the precision of material composition control.
4, since the depth of the setting is not less than the thickness of added material, no more than added material thickness and 0.6mm it
With, both ensure that the effective connection of added material between layers, in turn avoid because stirring set volume under pressure it is excessive caused by excessively
Abrasion, reduces production cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the S1 welding process schematic diagram of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the S2 welding process schematic diagram of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the S3 of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method of the present invention forms smooth solder joint schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the S3 addition second layer plate schematic diagram of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that the S3 of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method of the present invention forms second solder joint schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the S4 welding process schematic diagram of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
By the technology contents that the present invention will be described in detail, construction feature, reached purpose and efficacy, below in conjunction with embodiment
And attached drawing is cooperated to be described in detail.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 is please referred to, secondary backfill formula friction spot welding method of the present invention includes the following steps:
In workpiece surface, (workpiece includes being located at solder joint back branch with the pressure fixing not less than 10kN for S1, clamping sleeve 3
Bottom plate 2 and the first laminate 7 in support 1), stirring set 4 is rotating pushing, and mixing needle 5 is rotating rising, and plastic metal 6 is squeezed into
Mixing needle rises the cavity to be formed, as shown in Figure 1；In this process, the direction of rotation and speed of mixing needle and stirring set are homogeneous
Together.
S2, when stirring set 4 be moved downwardly to setting depth when, start to move upwards, at the same mixing needle 5 push, will mould
Property metal 6 downwards backfill, as shown in Figure 2；In this process, the direction of rotation and speed of mixing needle and stirring set are all the same.Step
Rapid S1, S2 are consistent with the welding process of filled type friction spot welding.
S3, second layer plate 8 is added in the workpiece surface for forming smooth solder joint 6 (such as Fig. 3), as shown in Figure 4；Clamping sleeve 3,
Stirring set and 4 mixing needles 5 repeat step S1 and S2, second solder joint 9 are formed in the pad surface that step S2 is formed, such as Fig. 5 institute
Show；
S4, step S3 is repeated, adds n-th block of plate 9, clamping sleeve 3, stirring set 4 in the workpiece surface for forming smooth solder joint
Repeat step S1 and S2 with mixing needle 5, the pad surface that step Sn is formed formed n-th solder joint 6 (wherein, n=3,4,
5 ...) structure 10 of increasing material manufacturing, is obtained, as shown in Figure 6；
S5, the material in added plate other than solder joint is removed using the method for machining, increasing material manufacturing can be obtained
Bulge-structure or bar.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method, it is characterized in that: including the following steps:
With the pressure fixing of >=10kN in workpiece surface, the workpiece includes the bottom on solder joint back-supported for S1, clamping sleeve
Plate and the first laminate, stirring set are rotating pushing, and mixing needle is rotating rising, and plastic metal is squeezed into mixing needle and rises to be formed
Cavity；In this process, the direction of rotation and speed of mixing needle and stirring set are all the same；
S2, when stirring set be moved downwardly to setting depth when, start to move upwards, at the same mixing needle push, by plastic metal
Backfill downwards；In this process, the direction of rotation and speed of mixing needle and stirring set are all the same；
S3, second block of plate is added in the workpiece surface for forming smooth solder joint, clamping sleeve, stirring set and mixing needle repeat step S1
And S2, second solder joint is formed in the pad surface that step S2 is formed；
S4, step S3 is repeated, adds n-th block of plate, clamping sleeve, stirring set and mixing needle in the workpiece surface for forming smooth solder joint
Step S1 and S2 are repeated, forms n-th of solder joint in the pad surface that step Sn is formed, wherein n=3,4,5 ...；
S5, the material in added plate other than solder joint is removed using the method for machining, the protrusion of increasing material manufacturing can be obtained
Structure or bar.
2. friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the plate that the step S4 is successively added
It can be same material or dissimilar material, added material category and adding order can be selected as needed.
3. friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the plate that the step S4 is successively added
Thickness range is 0.1mm~4mm, and the plate thickness and quantity added every time can be identical or not identical, can select as needed
Select the plate thickness and quantity of every layer of addition.
4. friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the step S2, the setting
Depth >=added material thickness, the sum of≤added material thickness and 0.6mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811084359.6A CN109175669A (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | A kind of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method |
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| CN201811084359.6A CN109175669A (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | A kind of friction spot welding increasing material manufacturing method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110170738A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-27 | 北京石油化工学院 | A method of increasing material manufacturing is realized using backfill formula friction stir spot welding |
| CN114871564A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-08-09 | 中南大学 | Additive device and additive method |
| US20230249281A1 (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2023-08-10 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Friction stir spot welder and friction stir spot welding method |
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| US20100092789A1 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-15 | The Boeing Company | System and method for integrally forming a stiffener with a fiber metal laminate |
| CN102091860A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-15 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Double-moving ring friction spot welding method |
| CN105171229A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 北京理工大学 | Friction stir additive manufacturing method for metal materials |
| CN105522273A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-04-27 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Secondary back-filling type friction stir spot welding method |
| CN108274110A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-07-13 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | A kind of speed variable backfill formula friction stir spot welding method |
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- 2018-09-17 CN CN201811084359.6A patent/CN109175669A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100092789A1 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-15 | The Boeing Company | System and method for integrally forming a stiffener with a fiber metal laminate |
| CN102091860A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-15 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Double-moving ring friction spot welding method |
| CN105522273A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-04-27 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Secondary back-filling type friction stir spot welding method |
| CN105171229A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 北京理工大学 | Friction stir additive manufacturing method for metal materials |
| CN108274110A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-07-13 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | A kind of speed variable backfill formula friction stir spot welding method |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110170738A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-27 | 北京石油化工学院 | A method of increasing material manufacturing is realized using backfill formula friction stir spot welding |
| US20230249281A1 (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2023-08-10 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Friction stir spot welder and friction stir spot welding method |
| CN114871564A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-08-09 | 中南大学 | Additive device and additive method |
| CN114871564B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-11-21 | 中南大学 | Material adding device and material adding method |
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