CN109162705B - Hydraulic pressure monitoring system for bottom hole flow pressure of gas well and monitoring method thereof - Google Patents
Hydraulic pressure monitoring system for bottom hole flow pressure of gas well and monitoring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109162705B CN109162705B CN201811284707.4A CN201811284707A CN109162705B CN 109162705 B CN109162705 B CN 109162705B CN 201811284707 A CN201811284707 A CN 201811284707A CN 109162705 B CN109162705 B CN 109162705B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic pressure monitoring system for bottom hole flow pressure of a gas well and a monitoring method thereof, comprising a hydraulic pressure controller and an output device connected with a measuring device; the measuring device comprises a base, wherein a shell is arranged on the base, a cavity of the shell is of a hollow structure, and the cavity is divided into a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end; a lower piston is arranged in the small-diameter end, an upper piston is arranged in the large-diameter end, an exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the large-diameter end, an upper cover is arranged at the top of the large-diameter end, and the large-diameter end is filled with hydraulic oil; the upper cover is provided with an exhaust valve, a pressure sensor core connector and a pressure output end connector; the output device includes a pressure sensor core mounted within the pressure sensor core joint. The invention detects the whole test by using wellhead pressure data, and can qualitatively diagnose the flowing state of the bottom of the well by using the wellhead pressure data, thereby not only having the characteristics of intuitiveness, simplicity, convenience, economy and feasibility, but also greatly shortening the test time and improving the economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil-gas field development oil-gas well testing, in particular to a hydraulic pressure monitoring system for bottom hole flow pressure of a gas well and a monitoring method thereof.
Background
In gas well production system analysis, gas bed pressure and bottom hole flow pressure are very important data. The oil gas flowing into the bottom of the well is lifted to the ground by the bottom pressure, so the bottom pressure is an important sign of the self-injection capacity of the oil gas well. The way to obtain these data is that the pressure gauge is put into the well for actual measurement; and secondly, calculating through wellhead pressure. For some high pressure wells, it is sometimes difficult to operate the lower pressure gauge. Closing the underground pressure gauge, wherein the wellhead pressure is high, and the seal on the lubricator is easy to be broken; the gas quantity is too large during production, the pressure gauge cannot be moved down, and even various accidents are caused. In view of these circumstances, dry gas wells typically calculate the gas bed pressure and bottom hole pressure from wellhead pressure measurements, except when the downhole dropsy is not measured by a down-hole manometer. The unstable well test of the gas well is a well test method widely adopted in the exploration and development of the gas field, and mainly comprises the steps of changing the working system of the gas well to cause pressure disturbance at the bottom of the well and the gas reservoir, and judging the properties of the bottom of the well and the gas reservoir through analysis. The change of the bottom hole pressure is tested, and the ground direct reading is a set of advanced and visual monitoring technology, and the technology has high precision, huge equipment and high testing cost, so that the method can only be used in key wells and special wells at present. The conventional well test is to measure the pressure change from the pressure gauge to the bottom of the well by using a wire, the method can not timely grasp the change of the bottom-hole flow pressure, and the time of radial flow occurrence can be estimated only by experience, especially for a new well detection zone, the accurate estimation is more difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or shortcomings, the invention aims to provide a hydraulic pressure monitoring system for the bottom hole flow pressure of a gas well and a monitoring method thereof, wherein the pressure value of the bottom hole flow state is obtained through analysis and calculation by a signal transmitted by a hydraulic pressure controller of a wellhead, so as to guide test production.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a hydraulic pressure monitoring system for the bottom hole flow pressure of a gas well comprises a hydraulic pressure controller and an output device connected with a measuring device; the measuring device comprises a base, a shell is arranged on the base, a cavity of the shell is of a hollow structure, and the cavity is divided into a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end communicated with the base; the small-diameter end is internally provided with a movable lower piston, the large-diameter end is internally provided with a movable upper piston, the side wall of the bottom of the large-diameter end is provided with an exhaust hole, the top of the large-diameter end is provided with an upper cover, and the large-diameter end is filled with hydraulic oil; the upper cover is provided with an exhaust valve, a pressure sensor core connector and a pressure output end connector; the output device comprises a pressure sensor core body arranged in the pressure sensor core body joint, and the output end of the pressure sensor core body is connected with an A/D converter and a display.
The lower piston is arranged in the small-diameter end cavity and limited by the retainer ring, and a movement gap is reserved between the lower piston and the radial direction of the small-diameter end cavity.
The emptying valve, the pressure sensor core body connector and the pressure output end connector are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the upper cover.
And a pressure gauge with 360-degree display is arranged on the pressure output end joint.
The pressure sensor core body is arranged in the pressure sensor core body connector, the pressure sensor core body is provided with a gland, the outer side of the pressure sensor core body connector is connected with the A/D converter, the analog signal output by the core body is converted into a digital signal, and the digital signal is processed to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure value and is displayed on the pressure gauge.
A hydraulic pressure monitoring method for the bottom hole flow pressure of a gas well comprises the following steps:
1) Converting a high-pressure value of a wellhead into a controllable low-pressure value through a hydraulic pressure controller system by the hydraulic pressure controller;
2) The low pressure value monitors the wellhead pressure value in real time through a pressure gauge arranged on the pressure output end connector, meanwhile, the low pressure value converts an analog signal output by the core body into a digital signal through the pressure sensor core body, and the digital signal is processed to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure value and is displayed on the pressure gauge.
The low pressure value converts an analog signal output by the core body into a digital signal through the pressure sensor core body, the digital signal is processed to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure value, and the bottom hole flow pressure value is displayed on a pressure gauge and comprises:
2.1, the pressure sensor core body converts the resistance change of the strain gauge into a voltage value through an electric bridge circuit;
2.2, calculating a bottom hole flow pressure value through the voltage change value;
wherein, the relation between the bottom hole flowing pressure and the pressure value of the wellhead is as follows:
z-the average gas deviation coefficient in the wellbore; d, the inner diameter of the gas sampling pipe is cm;
q-gas flow under ground standard conditions, 104M3/d;
pwf-bottom hole flow pressure, MPa; psc-ground standard pressure, MPa;
pwh-wellhead pressure, MPa; f-dimensionless coefficient of friction resistance.
γ g -gas density; t is the average gas temperature in the shaft, K;
l-well depth, m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a hydraulic pressure monitoring system for bottom hole flow pressure of a gas well, which can convert a pressure value through a hydraulic pressure controller, convert a high pressure value into a low pressure value through two pistons with different area sizes, transmit slurry pressure values in a sleeve pipe and a vertical pipe to a pressure gauge on a control box disc surface through hydraulic oil through transmission medium hydraulic oil for display, and accurately convert higher slurry pressure into the low pressure value for display, so that the system not only ensures safe, high-quality and efficient implementation, but also is beneficial to protecting oil and gas resources and improving recovery ratio in the drilling operation process.
The hydraulic pressure monitoring method for the bottom hole flow pressure of the gas well, disclosed by the invention, has the characteristics of intuitiveness, simplicity, convenience, economy and feasibility, and can be used for greatly shortening the testing time and improving the economic benefit by detecting the whole test by using the wellhead pressure data and qualitatively diagnosing the bottom hole flow state by using the wellhead pressure data and using the wellhead pressure monitoring technology because of the approximately parallel relation between the wellhead and the bottom hole pressure curve.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the upper cover of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the upper cover of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a pressure sensor core joint of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a hydraulic pressure controller system for monitoring the bottom hole flow pressure of a gas well according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the pressure sensor comprises a shell, 2, a lower piston, 3, an upper piston, 4, hydraulic oil, 5, an upper cover, 6, a pressure sensor core, 7, an exhaust valve, 8, a base, 9, an exhaust hole, 10, a pressure output end connector, 3-1, a pressure sensor core, 3-2 and a gland.
Detailed Description
The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a hydraulic pressure monitoring system for the bottom hole flow pressure of a gas well, which comprises a hydraulic pressure controller and an output device connected with a measuring device; the measuring device comprises a base 8, wherein a shell 1 is arranged on the base 8, a cavity of the shell 1 is of a hollow structure, and the cavity is divided into a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end communicated with the base 8; the movable lower piston 2 is arranged in the small-diameter end, the movable upper piston 3 is arranged in the large-diameter end, the side wall of the bottom of the large-diameter end is provided with an exhaust hole 9, the top of the large-diameter end is provided with an upper cover 5, and the large-diameter end is filled with hydraulic oil 4; the upper cover 5 is provided with an evacuation valve 7, a pressure sensor core connector 6 and a pressure output end connector 10; the output device comprises a pressure sensor core body 3-1 arranged in a pressure sensor core body joint 6, and the output end of the pressure sensor core body 3-1 is connected with an A/D converter and a display. The pressure output end connector 10 is provided with a pressure gauge with a pressure value displayed at 360 degrees, and is used for monitoring the wellhead pressure value in real time, and the pressure value and the bottom hole flow pressure of the finally obtained gas well jointly provide data support for oil and gas well testing. Hydraulic oil 4 is 10# aviation hydraulic oil.
Specifically, the lower piston 2 is installed in the small-diameter end cavity, and is limited by the retainer ring, and a movement gap is reserved between the lower piston 2 and the radial direction of the small-diameter end cavity.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the upper end 5 has three output ports, the three output ports are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the upper cover 5, one threaded connection port is used for installing the evacuation valve 7, the second threaded connection port is used for installing the pressure sensor core 3-1, and the last threaded connection port is directly connected with 360 degrees through a quick connector to display the output pressure value (the instrument is actually displayed as the wellhead pressure value). The pressure value output by the hydraulic pressure controller at the core opening of the pressure sensor is converted into two paths of electric signals (analog voltage millivolt signals), and the analog signals are converted into digital signals through an A/D converter. The electric signal (digital signal) can obtain the bottom hole flowing pressure through a bottom hole pressure calculating unit, and finally the flowing pressure value at the bottom of the gas well can be displayed in real time through a digital precision pressure gauge.
As shown in fig. 4, the pressure sensor core 3-1 is installed in the pressure sensor core joint 6, the pressure cover 3-2 is installed on the pressure sensor core 3-1, the a/D converter is connected to the outer side of the pressure sensor core 3-1 joint, the analog signal output by the core is converted into a digital signal, and the digital signal is processed to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure value and is displayed on the pressure gauge.
The resistance change of the strain gage is converted into a voltage change by a bridge line. Since the output signal of the strain bridge is extremely weak, the signal is further amplified by an amplifier and some necessary compensation is performed. The signal amplification mode can adopt direct current amplification or alternating current amplification, and the strain bridge circuit can correspondingly adopt a direct current power supply or an alternating current power supply for power supply. The bridge rated output voltage of the sensor is typically from a few millivolts to tens of millivolts. It is also necessary to enlarge it for display and recording. For more DC bridges, a DC amplifier with adjustable zero and gain is formed by adopting a low-drift integrated operational amplifier, and a differential input mode is generally adopted for DC voltage amplification. In addition, additional circuits such as initial balance calibration and compensation of the bridge circuit are needed to improve the stability and performance of the bridge. As shown in fig. 5, a strain sensor bridge circuit is provided in which various compensation and adjustment circuits are provided. Wherein R1-R4 are strain gauges to form an electric bridge; ri is used to adjust the bridge input impedance; ra can adjust bridge output impedance; the temperature compensation resistor is arranged in the A frame; a zero adjusting circuit is arranged in the B frame; the Ret in the C frame and the A frame jointly form an output adjusting resistor; two sets of initial balance calibration circuits are arranged in the D frame, wz1 and Rz form a direct current initial zeroing circuit, and Wz2 and Cz are used for initial zeroing (alternating current phase zeroing) when an alternating current bridge is used.
The invention also provides a hydraulic pressure monitoring method for the bottom hole flow pressure of the gas well, which comprises the following steps:
1) Converting a high-pressure value of a wellhead into a controllable low-pressure value through a hydraulic pressure controller system by the hydraulic pressure controller;
because the environment in the well is complex, the conditions such as instant high pressure and the like can occur, and in order to ensure the safety of a wellhead pressure control system, a hydraulic pressure controller which can convert a high pressure value into a low pressure value is designed in the system. The hydraulic pressure controller may convert a high pressure value to a low pressure value.
2) The wellhead pressure value is monitored in real time by a pressure gauge arranged on the pressure output end connector 10, meanwhile, the low pressure value converts an analog signal output by the core body into a digital signal by the pressure sensor core body 3-1, and the digital signal is processed to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure value and is displayed on the pressure gauge.
And the wellhead pressure display above the hydraulic pressure sensor directly outputs a variable specific pressure value to be displayed on a pressure gauge of 360 degrees and is used for monitoring the wellhead pressure value in real time, and the pressure value and the bottom hole flow pressure of the finally obtained gas well jointly provide data support for oil and gas well testing.
Specifically, the low pressure value converts an analog signal output by the core body into a digital signal through the pressure sensor core body 3-1, and the digital signal is processed to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure value and displayed on a pressure gauge, and the method comprises the following steps:
2.1, the pressure sensor core body 3-1 converts the resistance change of the strain gauge into a voltage value through a bridge circuit;
2.2, calculating a bottom hole flow pressure value through the voltage change value;
for a gas producing well, under the conditions of single phase, constant temperature and stable flow, an energy conservation equation is given according to a first thermodynamic law, and is a state equation of gas, so that a relational expression of gas flow under a well bore condition and gas flow under a ground standard condition is written, and under the condition that the gas flow is stable along a well, the relational expression of bottom hole flow pressure and wellhead pressure can be obtained:
wherein, the relation between the bottom hole flowing pressure and the pressure value of the wellhead is as follows:
z-the average gas deviation coefficient in the wellbore; d, the inner diameter of the gas sampling pipe is cm;
q-gas flow under ground Standard conditions, 10 4 M 3 /d；
P wf -bottom hole flow pressure, MPa; p (P) sc -ground standard pressure, MPa;
P wh -wellhead pressure, MPa; f-dimensionless coefficient of friction resistance.
Gammag-gas density; t is the average gas temperature in the shaft, K;
l-well depth, m.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
a hydraulic pressure monitoring system for the bottom hole flow pressure of a gas well firstly converts the high pressure value of a wellhead into a controllable low pressure value through a hydraulic pressure controller system. The upper end of the hydraulic pressure controller system is provided with three output ports which are respectively an exhaust valve, a standard pressure value output of a wellhead and an electric signal output of the wellhead pressure. The emptying valve is used for filling 10# aviation hydraulic oil, and aims to prevent bubbles from being formed in an oil filling cavity to influence the accuracy of the hydraulic pressure controller; the standard pressure output value of the wellhead is that the pressure of the wellhead is displayed by a pressure gauge, and the wellhead pressure value is detected in real time; the wellhead pressure telecommunication output value is mainly that a pressure signal is converted into an analog electric signal through a pressure sensor, and the analog signal is converted into a digital signal through a primary A/D converter. The digital signal is passed through the bottom hole pressure calculation unit to obtain the bottom hole flow pressure. And the bottom hole flow pressure value and the wellhead pressure value.
And (3) respectively testing and reading in a certain well of the WQC block through the device and the storage type pressure gauge, wherein the data are as follows:
the bottom hole flow pressure value tested by the device is more accurate than the bottom hole pressure gauge in the point of acquisition, and the acquired signals belong to continuous signals.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and that certain modifications and variations may be made in part of this invention by those skilled in the art, all of which are shown and described with the understanding that they are considered to be within the scope of this invention.
Claims (5)
1. The hydraulic pressure monitoring system for the bottom hole flow pressure of the gas well is characterized by comprising a hydraulic pressure controller and an output device connected with a measuring device; the measuring device comprises a base (8), wherein a shell (1) is arranged on the base (8), a cavity of the shell (1) is of a hollow structure, and the cavity is divided into a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end communicated with the base (8); the movable lower piston (2) is arranged in the small-diameter end, the movable upper piston (3) is arranged in the large-diameter end, the exhaust hole (9) is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the large-diameter end, the upper cover (5) is arranged at the top of the large-diameter end, and the large-diameter end is filled with hydraulic oil (4); an evacuation valve (7), a pressure sensor core body connector (6) and a pressure output end connector (10) are arranged on the upper cover (5); the output device comprises a pressure sensor core body (3-1) arranged in a pressure sensor core body joint (6), and the output end of the pressure sensor core body (3-1) is connected with an A/D converter and a display; the emptying valve (7), the pressure sensor core body connector (6) and the pressure output end connector (10) are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the upper cover (5); the pressure sensor core body (3-1) is arranged in the pressure sensor core body connector (6), the pressure sensor core body (3-1) is provided with the gland (3-2), the outer side of the pressure sensor core body (3-1) connector is connected with the A/D converter, the analog signal output by the core body is converted into a digital signal, and the digital signal is processed to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure value and is displayed on the pressure gauge.
2. The hydraulic pressure monitoring system for bottom hole flow pressure of a gas well according to claim 1, wherein the lower piston (2) is installed in the small-diameter end cavity and limited by a retainer ring, and a movement gap is reserved between the lower piston (2) and the radial direction of the small-diameter end cavity.
3. The hydraulic pressure monitoring system for bottom hole flow pressure of a gas well according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a pressure gauge with 360 ° display is installed on the pressure output end joint (10).
4. A method of monitoring a hydraulic pressure monitoring system for a gas well bottom hole stream pressure as set forth in claim 3, comprising:
1) Converting a high-pressure value of a wellhead into a controllable low-pressure value through a hydraulic pressure controller system by the hydraulic pressure controller;
2) The wellhead pressure value is monitored in real time by a pressure gauge arranged on a pressure output end connector (10), meanwhile, the low pressure value converts an analog signal output by a core body of the pressure sensor (3-1) into a digital signal, and the digital signal is processed to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure value and is displayed on the pressure gauge.
5. The method for monitoring the hydraulic pressure monitoring system for the bottom hole flow pressure of the gas well according to claim 4, wherein the low pressure value is converted into a digital signal by an analog signal output by a pressure sensor core (3-1), the digital signal is processed to obtain the bottom hole flow pressure value, and the bottom hole flow pressure value is displayed on a pressure gauge, and the method comprises the following steps:
2.1, the pressure sensor core body (3-1) converts the resistance change of the strain gauge into a voltage value through an electric bridge circuit;
2.2, calculating a bottom hole flow pressure value through the voltage force value of the wellhead;
wherein, the relation between the bottom hole flowing pressure and the pressure value of the wellhead is as follows:
z-the average gas deviation coefficient in the wellbore; d, the inner diameter of the gas sampling pipe is cm;
q-gas flow under ground Standard conditions, 10 4 M 3 /d；
P wf -bottom hole flow pressure, MPa; p (P) sc -ground standard pressure, MPa;
P wh -wellhead pressure, MPa; f-dimensionless coefficient of friction resistance;
γ g -gas density; t is the average gas temperature in the shaft, K;
l-well depth, m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811284707.4A CN109162705B (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | Hydraulic pressure monitoring system for bottom hole flow pressure of gas well and monitoring method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811284707.4A CN109162705B (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | Hydraulic pressure monitoring system for bottom hole flow pressure of gas well and monitoring method thereof |
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| CN109162705B true CN109162705B (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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| JPS50153686A (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1975-12-10 | ||
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| CN101680295A (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2010-03-24 | 高真工程公司 | Method and apparatus for fluid migration profiling |
| CN207673321U (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-07-31 | 李立 | Well head tolerance automatic adjusting control device |
| CN208950575U (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-06-07 | 秦川机床集团宝鸡仪表有限公司 | A kind of gas well flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) hydraulic pressure monitoring system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6247542B1 (en) * | 1998-03-06 | 2001-06-19 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Non-rotating sensor assembly for measurement-while-drilling applications |
-
2018
- 2018-10-31 CN CN201811284707.4A patent/CN109162705B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50153686A (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1975-12-10 | ||
| CN101139925A (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2008-03-12 | 西南石油大学 | Method for while-drilling testing reservoir parameter property and adjusting well drilling action in real time |
| CN101680295A (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2010-03-24 | 高真工程公司 | Method and apparatus for fluid migration profiling |
| CN101440705A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2009-05-27 | 新疆华油油气工程有限公司 | Super-deep well wireless transmission well testing system |
| CN207673321U (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-07-31 | 李立 | Well head tolerance automatic adjusting control device |
| CN208950575U (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-06-07 | 秦川机床集团宝鸡仪表有限公司 | A kind of gas well flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) hydraulic pressure monitoring system |
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