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CN109161752B - A kind of heat-resistant and creep-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of heat-resistant and creep-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109161752B
CN109161752B CN201811208594.XA CN201811208594A CN109161752B CN 109161752 B CN109161752 B CN 109161752B CN 201811208594 A CN201811208594 A CN 201811208594A CN 109161752 B CN109161752 B CN 109161752B
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magnesium
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magnesium alloy
heat
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CN109161752A (en
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郑兴伟
褚振华
许竞翔
王世明
张丽珍
梁拥成
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Shanghai Ocean University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C23/00Alloys based on magnesium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/06Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a low-cost heat-resistant creep-resistant magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The magnesium alloy comprises the following components of 3-6 wt%, 2-5 wt%, 0.4-2 wt%, 0.1-1 wt% and 0.1-1 wt%, wherein the alloy elements comprise tin, strontium, calcium, scandium and manganese, and the balance of magnesium, and the total content of the alloy elements is less than or equal to 10%. The preparation method comprises the steps of preheating and melting pure magnesium, respectively adding Mg-Sn, Mg-Sr, Mg-Ca, Mg-Mn and Mg-Sc intermediate alloys, refining after the added metals are melted, finally preparing a blank from the refined alloy solution by adopting a casting method, and finally rolling or forging or extruding or compositely deforming the pretreated continuous casting blank to prepare the low-cost heat-resistant creep-resistant magnesium alloy. The magnesium alloy can be used for a long time under the use condition of 300 ℃ at 250-.

Description

一种耐热抗蠕变镁合金及其制备方法A kind of heat-resistant and creep-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及冶金技术领域,特别是一种耐热抗蠕变镁合金及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a heat-resistant and creep-resistant magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

镁合金是以镁为基础加入其他元素组成的合金。其特点是:密度小(1.8g/cm3左右),比强度高,弹性模量大,易回收,消震性好且地球上镁合金的含量及其丰富。在世界石化能源危机和环境污染的双重压力下,为了达到节能减排效果,世界各国对汽车和航空等领域提出了的减重要求,镁合金的密度只有铝合金的三分之二,钢铁的四分之一,因此在上述领域具有重要的应用潜力。Magnesium alloys are alloys based on magnesium and other elements. Its characteristics are: low density (about 1.8g/cm 3 ), high specific strength, large elastic modulus, easy recovery, good shock absorption and rich magnesium alloy content on the earth. Under the dual pressure of the world petrochemical energy crisis and environmental pollution, in order to achieve the effect of energy saving and emission reduction, countries around the world have put forward weight reduction requirements for automobile and aviation fields. The density of magnesium alloy is only two-thirds of that of aluminum alloy, and the density of steel 1/4, so it has important application potential in the above-mentioned fields.

尽管镁合金具有上述有点,但镁合金的高温蠕变性能较差是镁合金在汽车和航空工业等领域广泛应用遇到的主要挑战,上述领域很多关键性零部件(汽车发动机活塞)的使用温度超过175℃。目前提高镁合金抗蠕变性能的方法是往镁合金添加稀土(Gd、Y、Ce等),添加稀土后镁合金的高温蠕变性能会得到极大的改善,但同时也极大的提高了镁合金的成本,这也限制了稀土镁合金在汽车和航空工业等领域的应用。另外一种常见抗蠕变镁合金是往Mg-Al体系镁合金中添加Zn、Ca、Si、Sr等常见的合金元素。这体系的镁合金的优点是成本较低,但这体系的镁合金中抗高温第二相Mg17Al12当温度高于175℃为分解,从而使得该体系镁合金在温度高于175℃时抗蠕变性能急剧降低,从而无法达到高温的抗蠕变性能要求,这一性能缺陷极大的限制Mg-Al系列镁合金在航空和汽车等领域的应用。Although magnesium alloys have the above advantages, the poor high-temperature creep properties of magnesium alloys are the main challenges encountered in the wide application of magnesium alloys in the automotive and aviation industries. over 175°C. At present, the method to improve the creep resistance of magnesium alloys is to add rare earth (Gd, Y, Ce, etc.) The cost of magnesium alloys also limits the application of rare earth magnesium alloys in the automotive and aviation industries. Another common creep-resistant magnesium alloy is adding common alloying elements such as Zn, Ca, Si, Sr to the Mg-Al system magnesium alloy. The advantage of the magnesium alloy of this system is that the cost is lower, but the high temperature resistant second phase Mg 17 Al 12 in the magnesium alloy of this system is decomposed when the temperature is higher than 175 ℃, so that the magnesium alloy of this system can be decomposed when the temperature is higher than 175 ℃ The creep resistance is sharply reduced, so that the high temperature creep resistance requirements cannot be met. This performance defect greatly limits the application of Mg-Al series magnesium alloys in aviation and automotive fields.

由此可见,开发具有低成本的耐热抗蠕变镁合金在汽车和航空工业等领域具有很大的应用潜力。It can be seen that the development of low-cost heat-resistant and creep-resistant magnesium alloys has great application potential in the fields of automobile and aviation industries.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

针对以上不足,本发明提供了一种耐热抗蠕变镁合金及其制备方法,制备出的镁合金具有高耐热性,可以在250-350℃长时间服役,适用于航空航天、军工和汽车等领域,可替代现有的铝合金和钢铁等材料,实现减重的目标。In view of the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a heat-resistant and creep-resistant magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The prepared magnesium alloy has high heat resistance, can be used for a long time at 250-350 ° C, and is suitable for aerospace, military and other industries. In fields such as automobiles, it can replace existing materials such as aluminum alloy and steel to achieve the goal of weight reduction.

本发明的技术方案为:The technical scheme of the present invention is:

在一个方面,本发明提供了一种低成本耐热抗蠕变镁合金,其特征在于,其合金元素成分为锡、锶、钙、钪、锰,其余成分为镁,所述锡、锶、钙、钪、锰元素的重量百分比分别为3-6%、2-5%、0.4-2%、0.1-1%和0.1-1%,其合金元素的总含量小于等于10%。In one aspect, the present invention provides a low-cost, heat-resistant, creep-resistant magnesium alloy, characterized in that its alloying elements are tin, strontium, calcium, scandium, and manganese, and the rest are magnesium, and the tin, strontium, The weight percentages of calcium, scandium and manganese are respectively 3-6%, 2-5%, 0.4-2%, 0.1-1% and 0.1-1%, and the total content of alloying elements is less than or equal to 10%.

所述钪、锡、锶、钙、锰元素的重量百分比分别为0.5%、4%、3%、0.5%和0.5%,其余成分为镁。The weight percentages of the scandium, tin, strontium, calcium and manganese elements are respectively 0.5%, 4%, 3%, 0.5% and 0.5%, and the remaining components are magnesium.

所述镁合金的工作温度为250-350℃。The working temperature of the magnesium alloy is 250-350°C.

本发明提供了一种低成本耐热抗蠕变镁合金的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The invention provides a method for preparing a low-cost heat-resistant and creep-resistant magnesium alloy, comprising the following steps:

步骤一:将纯镁升温熔化,将镁钪合金、镁锡合金、镁锶合金、镁锰合金和镁钙合金添加到纯镁熔液中,将所添加的合金制成合金熔液;Step 1: heating and melting pure magnesium, adding magnesium-scandium alloy, magnesium-tin alloy, magnesium-strontium alloy, magnesium-manganese alloy and magnesium-calcium alloy into the pure magnesium melt, and making the added alloy into an alloy melt;

步骤二:将合金熔液进行精炼处理后,冷却至铸造温度采用铸造的制备低成本抗蠕变镁合金坯料;Step 2: After refining the alloy melt, it is cooled to a casting temperature to prepare a low-cost creep-resistant magnesium alloy billet by casting;

步骤三:对镁合金坯料进行预处理并预热,采用变形方法制造成低成本抗蠕变镁合金件。Step 3: Pre-processing and preheating the magnesium alloy billet, and using a deformation method to manufacture a low-cost creep-resistant magnesium alloy part.

所述步骤一的升温熔化过程具体为:将纯镁升温到160-250℃,保温5-15分钟,之后在保护气体或者阻燃覆盖物保护下将纯镁熔化。The heating and melting process of the first step is specifically: heating the pure magnesium to 160-250° C., keeping the temperature for 5-15 minutes, and then melting the pure magnesium under the protection of a protective gas or a flame retardant cover.

所述步骤一的添加过程具体为:将纯镁熔液升温到650-800℃,镁钪合金、镁锡合金、镁锶合金、镁锰合金和镁钙合金升温到160-250℃,保温5-15分钟,并分别添加到纯镁熔液中。The adding process of the step 1 is specifically as follows: the temperature of the pure magnesium melt is raised to 650-800°C, the temperature of the magnesium-scandium alloy, the magnesium-tin alloy, the magnesium-strontium alloy, the magnesium-manganese alloy and the magnesium-calcium alloy is raised to 160-250°C, and the temperature is kept for 5 -15 minutes and separately added to pure magnesium melt.

所述步骤二的精炼处理过程具体为:将合金熔液搅拌3-30分钟,之后升温到750--800℃静置20-100分钟;所述铸造的工艺参数为:温度范围为620-800℃。The refining treatment process of the second step is specifically: stirring the alloy melt for 3-30 minutes, then heating up to 750--800 ℃ and standing for 20-100 minutes; the process parameters of the casting are: the temperature range is 620-800 °C.

所述步骤三的预处理过程具体为:在350-450℃对镁合金坯料进行均匀化处理,均匀化时间为120-600分钟。The pretreatment process of the third step is specifically: homogenizing the magnesium alloy billet at 350-450° C., and the homogenizing time is 120-600 minutes.

所述步骤三的预处理过程具体为:在420-500℃对镁合金坯料进行固溶处理,固溶处理时间为180-400分钟。The pretreatment process of the third step is specifically: performing solution treatment on the magnesium alloy billet at 420-500° C., and the solution treatment time is 180-400 minutes.

所述步骤三变形方法为拉拔、轧制、挤压、锻压,或上述变形方法的复合变形方式;镁合金件为板材、管材、型材、棒材、线材或锻件。The deformation method in step 3 is drawing, rolling, extrusion, forging, or a composite deformation method of the above deformation methods; the magnesium alloy part is a plate, pipe, profile, bar, wire or forging.

在再一个方面,本发明提供了一种耐热抗蠕变镁合金,其特征在于,所述耐热抗蠕变镁合金由前述的方法制备而得,其中所述合金的成分合金元素为锡、锶、钙、钪、锰,其余成分为镁,所述锡、锶、钙、钪、锰元素的重量百分比分别为3-6%、2-5%、0.4-2%、0.1-1%和0.1-1%,其合金元素的总含量小于等于10%。In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a heat-resistant and creep-resistant magnesium alloy, characterized in that, the heat-resistant and creep-resistant magnesium alloy is prepared by the aforementioned method, wherein the constituent alloy element of the alloy is tin , strontium, calcium, scandium, manganese, and the other components are magnesium, and the weight percentages of the tin, strontium, calcium, scandium, and manganese elements are 3-6%, 2-5%, 0.4-2%, 0.1-1%, respectively And 0.1-1%, the total content of its alloying elements is less than or equal to 10%.

本发明取得了显著的技术效果。The present invention achieves remarkable technical effects.

本发明通过在线镁中添加钪、锡、锶、钙、锰等合金元素,在合适的工艺条件下制备出低成本耐热抗蠕变镁合金,此类镁合金具有比传统的AZ系列商业抗蠕变镁合金优越高温蠕变性能。抗蠕变性能与WE54相当,可以在250-350℃使用条件下长久的服役,可满足航空航天、军工和汽车等行业对减重的需求。同时由于添加的都是常规合金元素,成本上比其下降30-60%,适用于工业化应用。The invention prepares low-cost heat-resistant creep-resistant magnesium alloys under suitable process conditions by adding scandium, tin, strontium, calcium, manganese and other alloying elements to the on-line magnesium. Creep magnesium alloys have superior high temperature creep properties. The creep resistance is comparable to WE54, and it can be used for a long time at 250-350 ℃, which can meet the weight reduction needs of aerospace, military and automotive industries. At the same time, since all conventional alloy elements are added, the cost is reduced by 30-60%, which is suitable for industrial application.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明,以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention are further described below to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention.

本发明的一种耐热高强变形镁合金,其合金元素成分为锡、锶、钙、钪、锰,其余成分为镁,所述锡、锶、钙、钪、锰元素的重量百分比分别为3-6%、2-5%、0.4-2%、0.1-1%和0.1-1%,其合金元素的总含量小于等于10%。A heat-resistant high-strength deformed magnesium alloy of the present invention has alloying elements as tin, strontium, calcium, scandium, and manganese, and the rest are magnesium, and the weight percentages of the tin, strontium, calcium, scandium, and manganese elements are respectively 3 -6%, 2-5%, 0.4-2%, 0.1-1% and 0.1-1%, the total content of alloying elements is less than or equal to 10%.

本发明镁合金中添加Sc元素,一方面可以形成高熔点的第二相(Mg2Sc),提高合金在高温蠕变性能,同时在合金熔炼的过程中可以有效的细化合金的晶粒尺寸,提高合金拉伸性能。合金体系中添加Mn,一方面可以有效增加熔体的异质形核数量,同时可以和Mn元素形成高熔点Mn2Sc分布在晶界,抑制合金高温小晶界滑移的提高合金的高温抗蠕变性能。此外添加Mn可以有效的改善该合金的耐腐蚀性能。镁合金中添加Sn元素,可以形成弥散细小的高热稳定性的Mg2Sn,可以有效的提高所制备镁合金的高温抗蠕变性能,同时还可以有效的增加该合金凝固过程中异质形核的晶粒细化剂,起到细化晶粒的作用,在高温变形过程中可以有效的阻碍晶界和位错滑移,以提高高温抗蠕变作用;镁合金中添加Sr元素,可以形成高熔点的Mg2Sr均匀的分布在晶界和晶内,从而抑制高温下晶内位错滑移和晶界滑动,提高合金的高温抗蠕变性能;添加Ca元素,一方面可以提高该合金的阻燃特性,可以形成高熔点Mg2Ca第二相,从而进一步提高镁合金的高温抗蠕变性能。Sc element is added to the magnesium alloy of the present invention, on the one hand, a high melting point second phase (Mg 2 Sc) can be formed, the creep performance of the alloy at high temperature can be improved, and the grain size of the alloy can be effectively refined during the alloy smelting process. , to improve the tensile properties of the alloy. Adding Mn to the alloy system can effectively increase the number of heterogeneous nucleation of the melt, and at the same time, it can form a high melting point Mn 2 Sc with the Mn element and distribute in the grain boundaries, inhibiting the slip of the alloy at high temperature and small grain boundaries and improving the high temperature resistance of the alloy. Creep properties. In addition, adding Mn can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy. Adding Sn element to magnesium alloy can form finely dispersed Mg 2 Sn with high thermal stability, which can effectively improve the high temperature creep resistance of the prepared magnesium alloy, and also can effectively increase the heterogeneous nucleation during the solidification process of the alloy. The grain refiner plays a role in refining grains, and can effectively hinder the grain boundary and dislocation slip during high temperature deformation, so as to improve the high temperature creep resistance; adding Sr element to magnesium alloys can form The high melting point Mg 2 Sr is evenly distributed in the grain boundaries and within the grains, thereby inhibiting the intragranular dislocation slip and grain boundary sliding at high temperature, and improving the high temperature creep resistance of the alloy; adding Ca element can improve the alloy on the one hand. The high-temperature Mg 2 Ca second phase can be formed, thereby further improving the high-temperature creep resistance of magnesium alloys.

本发明的耐热高强变形镁合金的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The preparation method of the heat-resistant high-strength deformed magnesium alloy of the present invention comprises the following steps:

(1)将纯镁升温到160-250℃,保温5-15分钟,之后在保护气体或者阻燃覆盖物保护下将纯镁熔化;(1) The pure magnesium is heated to 160-250°C, kept for 5-15 minutes, and then pure magnesium is melted under the protection of protective gas or flame retardant cover;

(2)将纯镁熔液升温到650-800℃,将镁钪合金、镁锡合金、镁锶合金、镁锰合金和镁钙合金升温到160-250℃,保温5-15分钟,并分别添加到纯镁熔液中,使所添加的合金和镁熔化,制成合金熔液;(2) The pure magnesium melt is heated to 650-800°C, the magnesium-scandium alloy, magnesium-tin alloy, magnesium-strontium alloy, magnesium-manganese alloy and magnesium-calcium alloy are heated to 160-250°C, kept for 5-15 minutes, and respectively Add to pure magnesium melt to melt the added alloy and magnesium to make alloy melt;

(3)撇去熔液表面的浮渣,搅拌3-30分钟,之后升温到750--800℃静置20-100分钟;(3) skim off the scum on the surface of the molten liquid, stir for 3-30 minutes, then heat up to 750--800 ℃ and let stand for 20-100 minutes;

(4)冷却至铸造温度进行铸造,制备Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn合金锭子,铸造的工艺参数为:温度范围为650-800℃;(4) cooling to the casting temperature for casting to prepare Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn alloy ingots, and the casting process parameters are: the temperature range is 650-800 ° C;

(5)对镁合金锭子进行预处理,预处理工艺按下述两种方式中之一进行:(a)在350-450℃对镁合金锭子进行均匀化处理,均匀化时间为120-600分钟;(b)在420-500℃对镁合金锭子进行固溶处理,固溶处理时间为180-400分钟;(5) carry out pretreatment to magnesium alloy ingots, and the pretreatment process is carried out in one of the following two ways: (a) carry out homogenization treatment to magnesium alloy ingots at 350-450 ° C, and the homogenization time is 120-600 minutes (b) carry out solution treatment to magnesium alloy ingots at 420-500 ℃, and the solution treatment time is 180-400 minutes;

(6)采用拉拔、轧制、挤压、锻压等变形方式、或上述变形方式的复合变形方式制备耐热高强变形镁合金件,如板材、管材、型材、棒材、线材或各种锻件。(6) Use deformation methods such as drawing, rolling, extrusion, forging, etc., or composite deformation methods of the above deformation methods to prepare heat-resistant high-strength deformed magnesium alloy parts, such as plates, pipes, profiles, bars, wires or various forgings .

利用上述方法制备出Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn镁合金,可在250-350℃温度范围使用条件下长时间服役,极大地提高了镁合金在该温度范围的抗蠕变性能,使之可以广泛应用于航空航天、军工、汽车等领域的零部件制造。The Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn magnesium alloy is prepared by the above method, which can be used for a long time under the temperature range of 250-350 °C, which greatly improves the creep resistance of the magnesium alloy in this temperature range. It can be widely used in parts manufacturing in aerospace, military, automobile and other fields.

以下以6个实施例说明不同元素成分含量和制备方法对制备出的镁合金力学性能的影响。The following six examples illustrate the effects of different element content and preparation methods on the mechanical properties of the prepared magnesium alloys.

实施例1Example 1

(1)将纯镁升温到160℃,保温15分钟,之后在SF6+CO2保护气体保护下将纯镁熔化;(1) heating the pure magnesium to 160°C, keeping the temperature for 15 minutes, and then melting the pure magnesium under the protection of SF 6 +CO 2 protective gas;

(2)将纯镁熔液升温到650℃,将镁锡合金(锡元素的最终重量百分比含量为3%)、镁锶合金(锶元素的最终重量百分比含量为2%)、镁钙合金(钙元素的最终重量百分比含量为1%)、镁钪合金(钪元素的最终重量百分比含量为1%)和镁锰合金(锰元素的最终重量百分比含量为1%)升温到160℃,保温15分钟,并分别添加到纯镁熔液中,使所添加的合金和镁熔化,制成合金熔液;(2) The pure magnesium melt is heated to 650°C, and the magnesium-tin alloy (the final weight percentage of tin element is 3%), magnesium-strontium alloy (the final weight percentage of strontium element is 2%), magnesium-calcium alloy ( The final weight percent content of calcium element is 1%), magnesium-scandium alloy (the final weight percent content of scandium element is 1%) and magnesium-manganese alloy (the final weight percent content of manganese element is 1%) to 160 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 15 minutes, and respectively added to pure magnesium melt to melt the added alloy and magnesium to make alloy melt;

(3)撇去熔液表面的浮渣,搅拌15分钟,之后升温到750℃静置60分钟;(3) skim off the scum on the surface of the molten liquid, stir for 15 minutes, then heat up to 750 ° C and let stand for 60 minutes;

(4)冷却至铸造温度进行铸造,制备Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn合金锭子,铸造的工艺参数为:温度范围为750℃;(4) cooling to casting temperature for casting to prepare Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn alloy ingots, and the casting process parameters are: the temperature range is 750°C;

(5)对镁合金锭子进行预处理,预处理工艺按下述进行:在400℃对镁合金锭子进行均匀化处理,均匀化时间为600分钟;(5) carry out pretreatment to the magnesium alloy ingot, and the pretreatment process is carried out as follows: at 400 ° C, the magnesium alloy ingot is subjected to a homogenization treatment, and the homogenization time is 600 minutes;

(6)采用拉拔、轧制、挤压、锻压等变形方式、或上述变形方式的复合变形方式制备耐热高强变形镁合金件,如板材、管材、型材、棒材、线材或各种锻件。(6) Use deformation methods such as drawing, rolling, extrusion, forging, etc., or composite deformation methods of the above deformation methods to prepare heat-resistant high-strength deformed magnesium alloy parts, such as plates, pipes, profiles, bars, wires or various forgings .

实施例2Example 2

(1)将纯镁升温到180℃,保温13分钟,之后在SF6+CO2保护气体保护下将纯镁熔化;(1) heating the pure magnesium to 180°C, keeping the temperature for 13 minutes, and then melting the pure magnesium under the protection of SF 6 +CO 2 protective gas;

(2)将纯镁熔液升温到670℃,将镁锡合金(锡元素的最终重量百分比含量为4%)、镁锶合金(锶元素的最终重量百分比含量为3%)、镁钙合金(钙元素的最终重量百分比含量为1%)、镁钪合金(钪元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.5%)和镁锰合金(锰元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.5%)升温到180℃,保温13分钟,并分别添加到纯镁熔液中,使所添加的合金和镁熔化,制成合金熔液;(2) The pure magnesium molten liquid is heated to 670 ℃, and magnesium-tin alloy (the final weight percentage of tin element is 4%), magnesium-strontium alloy (the final weight percentage of strontium element is 3%), magnesium-calcium alloy ( The final weight percentage content of calcium element is 1%), magnesium-scandium alloy (the final weight percentage content of scandium element is 0.5%) and magnesium-manganese alloy (the final weight percentage content of manganese element is 0.5%) and the temperature is raised to 180 ° C, and the temperature is kept for 13 minutes, and respectively added to pure magnesium melt to melt the added alloy and magnesium to make alloy melt;

(3)撇去熔液表面的浮渣,搅拌10分钟,之后升温到800℃静置35分钟;(3) skim off the scum on the surface of the molten liquid, stir for 10 minutes, then be warmed up to 800 ° C and let stand for 35 minutes;

(4)冷却至铸造温度进行铸造,制备Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn合金锭子,铸造的工艺参数为:温度范围为770℃;(4) cooling to the casting temperature for casting to prepare Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn alloy ingots, and the casting process parameters are: the temperature range is 770°C;

(5)对镁合金锭子进行预处理,预处理工艺按下述进行:在480℃对镁合金锭子进行固溶处理,固溶处理时间为180分钟;(5) carry out pretreatment to magnesium alloy ingot, and the pretreatment process is carried out as follows: carry out solution treatment to magnesium alloy ingot at 480 ℃, and solution treatment time is 180 minutes;

(6)采用拉拔、轧制、挤压、锻压等变形方式或上述变形方式的复合变形方式制备耐热高强变形镁合金件,如板材、管材、型材、棒材、线材或各种锻件。(6) Heat-resistant and high-strength deformed magnesium alloy parts, such as plates, pipes, profiles, bars, wires or various forgings, are prepared by deformation methods such as drawing, rolling, extrusion, forging, or a composite deformation method of the above deformation methods.

实施例3Example 3

(1)将纯镁升温到200℃,保温11分钟,之后在SF6+CO2保护气体保护下将纯镁熔化;(1) heating the pure magnesium to 200°C, keeping the temperature for 11 minutes, and then melting the pure magnesium under the protection of SF 6 +CO 2 protective gas;

(2)将纯镁熔液升温到700℃,将镁锡合金(锡元素的最终重量百分比含量为5%)、镁锶合金(锶元素的最终重量百分比含量为4%)、镁钙合金(钙元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.4%)、镁钪合金(钪元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.1%)和镁锰合金(锰元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.1%)升温到200℃,保温11分钟,并分别添加到纯镁熔液中,使所添加的合金和镁熔化,制成合金熔液;(2) The pure magnesium melt is heated to 700°C, and the magnesium-tin alloy (the final weight percent content of tin element is 5%), magnesium-strontium alloy (the final weight percent content of strontium element is 4%), magnesium-calcium alloy ( The final weight percentage content of calcium element is 0.4%), magnesium-scandium alloy (the final weight percentage content of scandium element is 0.1%) and magnesium-manganese alloy (the final weight percentage content of manganese element is 0.1%) and the temperature is raised to 200 ° C, and the temperature is kept for 11 minutes, and respectively added to pure magnesium melt to melt the added alloy and magnesium to make alloy melt;

(3)撇去熔液表面的浮渣,搅拌3分钟,之后升温到760℃静置20分钟;(3) skim off the scum on the surface of the molten liquid, stir for 3 minutes, then heat up to 760 ° C and let stand for 20 minutes;

(4)冷却至铸造温度进行铸造,制备Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn合金锭子,铸造的工艺参数为:温度范围为790℃;(4) cooling to casting temperature for casting to prepare Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn alloy ingots, and the casting process parameters are: the temperature range is 790°C;

(5)对镁合金锭子进行预处理,预处理工艺按下述进行:在350℃对镁合金锭子进行均匀化处理,均匀化时间为400分钟;(5) carry out pretreatment to magnesium alloy ingots, and the pretreatment process is carried out as follows: at 350 ° C, the magnesium alloy ingots are homogenized, and the homogenization time is 400 minutes;

(6)采用拉拔、轧制、挤压、锻压等变形方式、或上述变形方式的复合变形方式制备耐热高强变形镁合金件,如板材、管材、型材、棒材、线材或各种锻件。(6) Use deformation methods such as drawing, rolling, extrusion, forging, etc., or composite deformation methods of the above deformation methods to prepare heat-resistant high-strength deformed magnesium alloy parts, such as plates, pipes, profiles, bars, wires or various forgings .

实施例4Example 4

(1)将纯镁升温到220℃,保温9分钟,之后在SF6+CO2保护气体保护下将纯镁熔化;(1) heating the pure magnesium to 220°C, keeping the temperature for 9 minutes, and then melting the pure magnesium under the protection of SF 6 +CO 2 protective gas;

(2)将纯镁熔液升温到750℃,将镁锡合金(锡元素的最终重量百分比含量为6%)、镁锶合金(锶元素的最终重量百分比含量为3%)、镁钙合金(钙元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.4%)、镁钪合金(钪元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.1%)和镁锰合金(锰元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.1%)升温到220℃,保温9分钟,并分别添加到纯镁熔液中,使所添加的合金和镁熔化,制成合金熔液;(2) The pure magnesium molten liquid is heated up to 750 ℃, and magnesium-tin alloy (the final weight percent content of tin element is 6%), magnesium-strontium alloy (the final weight percent content of strontium element is 3%), magnesium-calcium alloy ( The final weight percent content of calcium element is 0.4%), magnesium-scandium alloy (the final weight percent content of scandium element is 0.1%) and magnesium-manganese alloy (the final weight percent content of manganese element is 0.1%) and the temperature is raised to 220 ° C, and the temperature is kept for 9 minutes, and respectively added to pure magnesium melt to melt the added alloy and magnesium to make alloy melt;

(3)撇去熔液表面的浮渣,搅拌30分钟,之后升温到790℃静置100分钟;(3) skim off the scum on the surface of the molten liquid, stir for 30 minutes, then heat up to 790 ° C and let stand for 100 minutes;

(4)冷却至铸造温度进行铸造,制备Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn合金锭子,铸造的工艺参数为:温度范围为760℃;(4) cooling to casting temperature for casting to prepare Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn alloy ingots, and the casting process parameters are: the temperature range is 760°C;

(5)对镁合金锭子进行预处理,预处理工艺按下述进行:在440℃对镁合金锭子进行固溶处理,固溶处理时间为300分钟;(5) carry out pretreatment to magnesium alloy ingot, and the pretreatment process is carried out as follows: carry out solution treatment to magnesium alloy ingot at 440 ℃, and solution treatment time is 300 minutes;

(6)采用拉拔、轧制、挤压、锻压等变形方式、或上述变形方式的复合变形方式制备耐热高强变形镁合金件,如板材、管材、型材、棒材、线材或各种锻件。(6) Use deformation methods such as drawing, rolling, extrusion, forging, etc., or composite deformation methods of the above deformation methods to prepare heat-resistant high-strength deformed magnesium alloy parts, such as plates, pipes, profiles, bars, wires or various forgings .

实施例5Example 5

(1)将纯镁升温到240℃,保温7分钟,之后在SF6+CO2保护气体保护下将纯镁熔化;(1) heating the pure magnesium to 240°C, keeping the temperature for 7 minutes, and then melting the pure magnesium under the protection of SF 6 +CO 2 protective gas;

(2)将纯镁熔液升温到770℃,将镁锡合金(锡元素的最终重量百分比含量为3%)、镁锶合金(锶元素的最终重量百分比含量为5%)、镁钙合金(钙元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.4%)、镁钪合金(钪元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.75%)和镁锰合金(锰元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.75%)升温到240℃,保温7分钟,并分别添加到纯镁熔液中,使所添加的合金和镁熔化,制成合金熔液;(2) The pure magnesium molten liquid is heated up to 770 ℃, and magnesium-tin alloy (the final weight percentage of tin element is 3%), magnesium-strontium alloy (the final weight percentage of strontium element is 5%), magnesium-calcium alloy ( The final weight percent content of calcium element is 0.4%), magnesium-scandium alloy (the final weight percent content of scandium element is 0.75%) and magnesium-manganese alloy (the final weight percent content of manganese element is 0.75%) and the temperature is raised to 240 ° C, and the temperature is kept for 7 minutes, and respectively added to pure magnesium melt to melt the added alloy and magnesium to make alloy melt;

(3)撇去熔液表面的浮渣,搅拌25分钟,之后升温到770℃静置70分钟;(3) skim off the scum on the surface of the molten liquid, stir for 25 minutes, then be warmed up to 770 ° C and let stand for 70 minutes;

(4)冷却至铸造温度进行铸造,制备Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn合金锭子,铸造的工艺参数为:温度范围为800℃;(4) cooling to casting temperature for casting to prepare Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn alloy ingots, and the casting process parameters are: the temperature range is 800°C;

(5)对镁合金锭子进行预处理,预处理工艺按下述进行:在425℃对镁合金锭子进行均匀化处理,均匀化时间为200分钟;(5) carry out pretreatment to the magnesium alloy ingot, and the pretreatment process is carried out as follows: at 425 ° C, the magnesium alloy ingot is subjected to a homogenization treatment, and the homogenization time is 200 minutes;

(6)采用拉拔、轧制、挤压、锻压等变形方式、或上述变形方式的复合变形方式制备耐热高强变形镁合金件,如板材、管材、型材、棒材、线材或各种锻件。(6) Use deformation methods such as drawing, rolling, extrusion, forging, etc., or composite deformation methods of the above deformation methods to prepare heat-resistant high-strength deformed magnesium alloy parts, such as plates, pipes, profiles, bars, wires or various forgings .

实施例6Example 6

(1)将纯镁升温到250℃,保温5分钟,之后在SF6+CO2保护气体保护下将纯镁熔化;(1) heating the pure magnesium to 250°C, keeping the temperature for 5 minutes, and then melting the pure magnesium under the protection of SF 6 +CO 2 protective gas;

(2)将纯镁熔液升温到800℃,将镁锡合金(锡元素的最终重量百分比含量为3%)、镁锶合金(锶元素的最终重量百分比含量为3%)、镁钙合金(钙元素的最终重量百分比含量为2%)、镁钪合金(钪元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.5%)和镁锰合金(锰元素的最终重量百分比含量为0.5%)升温到250℃,保温5分钟,并分别添加到纯镁熔液中,使所添加的合金和镁熔化,制成合金熔液;(2) The pure magnesium melt is heated to 800°C, and the magnesium-tin alloy (the final weight percentage of tin element is 3%), magnesium-strontium alloy (the final weight percentage of strontium element is 3%), magnesium-calcium alloy ( The final weight percent content of calcium element is 2%), magnesium-scandium alloy (the final weight percent content of scandium element is 0.5%) and magnesium-manganese alloy (the final weight percent content of manganese element is 0.5%) and the temperature is raised to 250 ° C, and the temperature is kept for 5 minutes, and respectively added to pure magnesium melt to melt the added alloy and magnesium to make alloy melt;

(3)撇去熔液表面的浮渣,搅拌20分钟,之后升温到775℃静置50分钟;(3) skim off the scum on the surface of the molten liquid, stir for 20 minutes, then be warmed up to 775 ℃ and let stand for 50 minutes;

(4)冷却至铸造温度进行铸造,制备Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn合金锭子,铸造的工艺参数为:温度范围为750℃;(4) cooling to casting temperature for casting to prepare Mg-Sn-Sr-Ca-Sc-Mn alloy ingots, and the casting process parameters are: the temperature range is 750°C;

(5)对镁合金锭子进行预处理,预处理工艺按下述进行:在420℃对镁合金锭子进行固溶处理,固溶处理时间为350分钟;(5) carry out pretreatment to the magnesium alloy ingot, and the pretreatment process is carried out as follows: at 420 ° C, the magnesium alloy ingot is subjected to solution treatment, and the solution treatment time is 350 minutes;

(6)采用拉拔、轧制、挤压、锻压等变形方式、或上述变形方式的复合变形方式制备耐热高强变形镁合金件,如板材、管材、型材、棒材、线材或各种锻件。(6) Use deformation methods such as drawing, rolling, extrusion, forging, etc., or composite deformation methods of the above deformation methods to prepare heat-resistant high-strength deformed magnesium alloy parts, such as plates, pipes, profiles, bars, wires or various forgings .

为了测试本发明所制备镁合金的力学性能,将6个实施例所制备的镁合金放在250℃(蠕变载荷100MPa)和350℃高温下(蠕变载荷30MPa),测试其力学性能如下表如示:In order to test the mechanical properties of the magnesium alloys prepared by the present invention, the magnesium alloys prepared in the 6 examples were placed at a high temperature of 250°C (creep load 100MPa) and 350°C (creep load 30MPa), and their mechanical properties were tested as shown in the following table As shown:

Figure BDA0001831849620000071
Figure BDA0001831849620000071

Figure BDA0001831849620000081
Figure BDA0001831849620000081

如表所示,相比绝大多数的镁合金只能在200℃以下使用,本发明的合金在250-350℃的高温下具有优异的性能,而且本发明所用的合金元素价格低,导致生产成本低。As shown in the table, compared with the vast majority of magnesium alloys that can only be used below 200°C, the alloy of the present invention has excellent performance at a high temperature of 250-350°C, and the alloying elements used in the present invention are low in price, resulting in production low cost.

以上公开的仅为本发明的实施例,但是,本发明并非局限于此,任何本领域的技术人员能思之的变化都应落入本发明的保护范围。The above disclosure is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The heat-resistant creep-resistant magnesium alloy is characterized in that alloy elements of the heat-resistant creep-resistant magnesium alloy are tin, strontium, calcium, scandium and manganese, and the balance of magnesium;
the weight percentages of the tin, strontium, calcium, scandium and manganese elements are respectively 4%, 3%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.5%, and the balance is magnesium;
the preparation method of the heat-resistant creep-resistant magnesium alloy comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: heating and melting pure magnesium, adding Mg-Sn, Mg-Sr, Mg-Mn, Mg-Ca and Mg-Sc intermediate alloy into the pure magnesium melt, and melting the added alloy and magnesium to prepare alloy melt;
step two: after refining treatment is carried out on the alloy melt, cooling to the casting temperature for casting, and preparing a magnesium alloy blank;
step three: pretreating and preheating a magnesium alloy blank, and manufacturing a heat-resistant creep-resistant magnesium alloy part by adopting a deformation method;
the pretreatment process of the third step is specifically as follows: the magnesium alloy blank is subjected to homogenization treatment at the temperature of 350-450 ℃, the homogenization time is 120-600 minutes, or the magnesium alloy blank is subjected to solution treatment at the temperature of 420-500 ℃, and the solution treatment time is 180-400 minutes.
2. The heat and creep resistant magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the working temperature of the magnesium alloy is 250-350 ℃.
3. The heat-resistant creep-resistant magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the elevated-temperature melting process of the first step is specifically: heating the pure magnesium to 160-250 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-15 minutes, and then melting the pure magnesium under the protection of protective gas or flame-retardant covering.
4. The heat-resistant creep-resistant magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the addition process of the first step is specifically as follows: heating the pure magnesium melt to 650-800 ℃, heating the intermediate alloys of Mg-Sn, Mg-Sr, Mg-Mn, Mg-Ca and Mg-Sc to 160-250 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-15 minutes, and respectively adding the intermediate alloys into the pure magnesium melt.
5. The heat-resistant creep-resistant magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the refining process of the second step is specifically: stirring the alloy melt for 3-30 minutes, then heating to 750-800 ℃, and standing for 20-100 minutes; the casting process parameters are as follows: the temperature range is 650-800 ℃.
6. The heat-resistant creep-resistant magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preheating temperature in the third step is 300-450 ℃ and the time is 30-120 minutes; the deformation method is drawing, rolling, extruding, forging or the composite deformation mode of the deformation method; the magnesium alloy part is a plate, a pipe, a section bar, a wire or a forging.
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铸态Mg-5Sn-(0~3)Sr合金的组织和性能;李世成等;《特种铸造及有色合金》;20110420;第31卷(第04期);第369页第1节、第371-372页第2.3节 *

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