CN109133071B - A kind of preparation method of organic hybrid silica aerogel - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of organic hybrid silica aerogel Download PDFInfo
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- CN109133071B CN109133071B CN201810888615.0A CN201810888615A CN109133071B CN 109133071 B CN109133071 B CN 109133071B CN 201810888615 A CN201810888615 A CN 201810888615A CN 109133071 B CN109133071 B CN 109133071B
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OXYZDRAJMHGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCCl OXYZDRAJMHGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940086542 triethylamine Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002470 solid-phase micro-extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical group CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003891 environmental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
- C01B33/157—After-treatment of gels
- C01B33/158—Purification; Drying; Dehydrating
- C01B33/1585—Dehydration into aerogels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/20—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Silicon Polymers (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种有机杂化二氧化硅气凝胶的制备方法，特别涉及利用两端带有三甲氧基硅烷基团的有机硅烷对二氧化硅气凝胶进行杂化改性。这种新方法的特征在于选用氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷和氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷制备两端带有三甲氧基硅烷基团的有机硅烷分子，将其与硅酸乙酯反应制备有机杂化二氧化硅气凝胶，利用硅密封胶将有机杂化二氧化硅气凝胶材料涂覆到金属丝表面制备了固相微萃取纤维。本发明制备的有机杂化二氧化硅气凝胶作为涂层的固相微萃取纤维具有较高的萃取性能、优异的机械强度、优良的稳定性，在环境检测、食品检测和药物分析等领域中具有很好的应用潜力。
The invention discloses a preparation method of an organic hybrid silica aerogel, in particular to the hybridization modification of the silica aerogel by using an organic silane with trimethoxysilane groups at both ends. The new method is characterized in that chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and aminopropyltrimethoxysilane are used to prepare organosilane molecules with trimethoxysilane groups at both ends, and they are reacted with ethyl silicate to prepare organohybrid Silica aerogel was synthesized, and the organic hybrid silica aerogel material was coated on the surface of the metal wire by using the silica sealant to prepare the solid phase microextraction fiber. The organic hybrid silica aerogel prepared by the invention has high extraction performance, excellent mechanical strength and excellent stability as the coating solid phase micro-extraction fiber, and can be used in the fields of environmental detection, food detection, drug analysis and the like. has good application potential.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology for preparing organic hybrid silica aerogel.
Background
Solid phase micro-extraction is a novel sample pretreatment technology which has been developed in the nineties of the last century, compared with the traditional sample pretreatment technology, the method has the advantages of no need of organic solvent, simple and convenient operation, low cost, strong enrichment capacity, rapidness, high efficiency, easy combination with a chromatographic instrument and the like, can integrate sampling, extraction, concentration and sample introduction, and is applied to the fields of environmental analysis, food detection, pesticide residue, medicine detection and analysis and the like. The core of solid phase microextraction is an extraction coating, and the performance of the extraction coating limits the extraction efficiency. Therefore, the preparation of the extraction material with higher extraction performance, and the preparation of the extraction material with higher specific surface area, excellent mechanical strength and excellent stability is an important research direction of solid-phase microextraction research. The fiber which is commercialized has the defects that quartz fiber is fragile, the extraction performance of a coating is poor, and the like, and the extraction fiber which is mainly developed at present is a coating with excellent extraction performance which is modified on the surface of a metal wire.
The aerogel is a solid material with a space network structure formed by leaving a large number of gaps in the gel after a large amount of solvents and byproducts in the gel are removed, has a high specific surface area, and has been widely researched and applied in the fields of heat insulation and adsorption. The aerogel is divided into inorganic aerogel and organic aerogel according to chemical compositions, the inorganic aerogel is good in stability but poor in mechanical strength, the organic aerogel is excellent in mechanical strength but poor in temperature resistance, and organic-inorganic hybridization is an important means for effectively improving respective defects. Silica aerogel was the earliest developed aerogel and poor mechanical strength was the main factor hindering its development. Organic hybridization can effectively improve the defect of poor mechanical strength of silica aerogel, and researches have been made on bonding short-chain alkane onto the silica aerogel, wherein the long-chain alkyl chain is also physically doped or is used as a terminal carbon chain to hybridize the silica aerogel, so that the mechanical strength is remarkably improved. However, the stability of the hybrid aerogel physically doped or bonded with terminal carbon chains is still to be improved, and the long carbon chain coupling agent is embedded into the silica aerogel in a manner of bonding two ends, so that the mechanical strength is effectively enhanced and the adsorption and extraction capacity is improved. According to the invention, the long carbon chain coupling agent with trimethoxy silane at two ends is formed by reacting amino silane and chloro silane, and the two ends are embedded into the silica aerogel through chemical bonding, so that the high-performance organic hybrid silica aerogel is obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a technology for preparing organic hybrid silica aerogel. The invention is based on bonding modification of organosilane coupling agent and aerogel to obtain organic hybrid silica aerogel, which is used as a coating to prepare solid-phase micro-extraction fiber, and the preparation steps are as follows:
(1) preparation of composite organosilane coupling agent
In a reactor, 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane and 3-chloropropyl trimethoxy silane are uniformly mixed according to the molar ratio of 1:3-5, dimethyl formamide is used as a reaction solvent, triethylamine is used as a catalyst, the temperature is raised to 90-120 ℃, and the mixture is stirred and refluxed for 8-12 hours to prepare the composite organosilane coupling agent;
(2) preparation of organic hybrid silica aerogel
Mixing a composite organosilane coupling agent and tetraethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 1:1-3, adding ethanol to enable the volume fraction of the mixture to be 40-60%, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution, adding oxalic acid to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be 2-3, standing for 4-8 hours to form sol, adding ammonia water to adjust the pH to be 7-8, raising the temperature to be 40-60 ℃, standing for reaction for 1-3 hours to form gel, performing solvent replacement by using ethanol, and freeze-drying the gel to obtain the organic hybrid silica aerogel.
In the preparation step of the composite organosilane coupling agent, the volume fraction of the dimethyl formamide is 60-80%, and the volume fraction of the triethylamine is 2%.
In the preparation step of the organic hybrid silica aerogel, the oxalic acid is added to properly accelerate the hydrolysis of silane, and the concentration of the oxalic acid is 0.5-1 mol/L.
The addition of the ammonia water in the preparation step of the organic hybrid silica aerogel is beneficial to increasing the mechanical strength of the aerogel, and the concentration of the ammonia water is 0.05-0.1 mol/L.
The invention also aims to grind and crush the provided organic hybrid silica aerogel, coat the organic hybrid silica aerogel on the surface of a stainless steel wire by using glue to prepare the organic hybrid silica aerogel coating solid-phase microextraction fiber, and the organic hybrid silica aerogel coating solid-phase microextraction fiber is combined with gas chromatography to be applied to analysis and detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which are volatile organic pollutants in an environmental water sample.
The organic hybrid silica aerogel prepared by the invention and the method for applying the organic hybrid silica aerogel to the solid-phase microextraction fiber coating have the following advantages:
(1) the hybridization of the organic coupling agent improves the mechanical strength of the silicon dioxide aerogel and improves the extraction efficiency at the same time. (2) The two ends of the long carbon chain organic coupling agent are both trimethoxy silane groups, and the long carbon chain is embedded into the dioxide aerogel in a chemical bonding mode for hybridization to form a more compact spatial network structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reaction for preparing an organosilane coupling agent.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the invention, the description is given by way of example:
example 1:
(1) preparation of composite organosilane coupling agent
In a reactor, 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane and 3-chloropropyl trimethoxy silane are uniformly mixed according to the molar ratio of 1:3, dimethylformamide is added as a reaction solvent, the volume fraction is 60%, triethylamine is added as a catalyst, the volume fraction is 2%, the temperature is raised to 120 ℃, the mixture is stirred and refluxed for reaction for 8 hours, and the composite organosilane coupling agent is prepared;
(2) preparation of organic hybrid silica aerogel
Mixing a composite organosilane coupling agent and tetraethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 1:1, adding ethanol to enable the volume fraction of the mixture to be 60%, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution, adding 1 mol/L oxalic acid to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be 2-3, standing for 4 hours to form sol, adding 0.1 mol/L ammonia water to adjust the pH to be 7-8, raising the temperature to 40 ℃, standing for reaction for 3 hours to form gel, performing solvent replacement by using ethanol, and freeze-drying the gel to obtain the organic hybrid silica aerogel.
Example 2:
(1) preparation of composite organosilane coupling agent
In a reactor, 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane and 3-chloropropyl trimethoxy silane are uniformly mixed according to the molar ratio of 1:4, dimethylformamide is added as a reaction solvent, the volume fraction is 70%, triethylamine is added as a catalyst, the volume fraction is 2%, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃, and the mixture is stirred and refluxed for reaction for 10 hours to prepare the composite organosilane coupling agent;
(2) preparation of organic hybrid silica aerogel
Mixing a composite organosilane coupling agent and tetraethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 1:2, adding ethanol to enable the volume fraction of the mixture to be 50%, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution, adding 0.8 mol/L oxalic acid to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be 2-3, standing for 6 hours to form sol, adding 0.03 mol/L ammonia water to adjust the pH to be 7-8, raising the temperature to 50 ℃, standing for 2 hours to react to form gel, performing solvent replacement by using ethanol, and freeze-drying the gel to obtain the organic hybrid silica aerogel.
Example 3:
(1) preparation of composite organosilane coupling agent
In a reactor, 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane and 3-chloropropyl trimethoxy silane are uniformly mixed according to the molar ratio of 1:5, dimethylformamide is added as a reaction solvent, the volume fraction is 80%, triethylamine is added as a catalyst, the volume fraction is 2%, the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, the mixture is stirred and refluxed for reaction for 12 hours, and the composite organosilane coupling agent is prepared;
(2) preparation of organic hybrid silica aerogel
Mixing a composite organosilane coupling agent and tetraethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 1:3, adding ethanol to enable the volume fraction of the mixture to be 40%, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution, adding 0.5 mol/L oxalic acid to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be 2-3, standing for 8 hours to form sol, adding 0.05 mol/L ammonia water to adjust the pH to be 7-8, raising the temperature to 60 ℃, standing for reaction for 1 hour to form gel, performing solvent replacement by using ethanol, and freeze-drying the gel to obtain the organic hybrid silica aerogel.
The invention also aims to grind and crush the provided organic hybrid silica aerogel, coat the organic hybrid silica aerogel on the surface of a stainless steel wire by using glue to prepare the organic hybrid silica aerogel coating solid-phase microextraction fiber, and the organic hybrid silica aerogel coating solid-phase microextraction fiber is combined with gas chromatography to be applied to analysis and detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which are volatile organic pollutants in an environmental water sample.
Claims (5)
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