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CN109074981B - 电子开关机构 - Google Patents

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CN109074981B
CN109074981B CN201680084654.4A CN201680084654A CN109074981B CN 109074981 B CN109074981 B CN 109074981B CN 201680084654 A CN201680084654 A CN 201680084654A CN 109074981 B CN109074981 B CN 109074981B
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switch mechanism
switch
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housing
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CN109074981A (zh
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J·D·马格诺
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Agimar In Name Of American Surgical Technology Olympus
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02Details
    • H01H13/04Cases; Covers
    • H01H13/06Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof or flameproof casings
    • H01H13/063Casings hermetically closed by a diaphragm through which passes an actuating member
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02Details
    • H01H13/12Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H13/14Operating parts, e.g. push-button
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02Details
    • H01H13/04Cases; Covers
    • H01H13/08Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/02Details
    • H01H21/04Cases; Covers
    • H01H21/08Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings
    • H01H21/085Casings hermetically closed by a diaphragm through which passes an actuating member
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/02Details
    • H01H21/04Cases; Covers
    • H01H21/10Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/02Details
    • H01H21/18Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H21/22Operating parts, e.g. handle
    • H01H21/24Operating parts, e.g. handle biased to return to normal position upon removal of operating force
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00367Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00172Connectors and adapters therefor
    • A61B2018/00178Electrical connectors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/0091Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00916Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/0091Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00916Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
    • A61B2018/0094Types of switches or controllers
    • A61B2018/00952Types of switches or controllers rotatable
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/52Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member the contact returning to its original state immediately upon removal of operating force, e.g. bell-push switch
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2217/00Facilitation of operation; Human engineering
    • H01H2217/01Off centre actuation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2217/00Facilitation of operation; Human engineering
    • H01H2217/048Facilitation of operation; Human engineering adapted for operation by left- and right-handed
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2221/00Actuators
    • H01H2221/002Actuators integral with membrane
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    • H01H2221/00Actuators
    • H01H2221/008Actuators other then push button
    • H01H2221/016Lever; Rocker
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    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2221/00Actuators
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    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2223/00Casings
    • H01H2223/002Casings sealed
    • H01H2223/003Membrane embracing all keys
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2227/00Dimensions; Characteristics
    • H01H2227/016Switch site protrusions; Force concentrators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2233/00Key modules
    • H01H2233/09Actuating striker on actuator part
    • H01H2233/098One degree of freedom
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    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/014Application surgical instrument

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Abstract

一种开关机构(12)包括具有窗孔(21)的外壳(16,18)、保持在所述外壳中的开关元件(22)以及保持在所述窗孔中的膜开关。所述膜开关包括柔性膜(20)和刚性肋(26)。所述肋由所述外壳中的引导件(37,38)约束为线性运动,使得与所述膜的接触引起所述膜变形且引起所述肋平移以致动所述开关元件。

Description

电子开关机构
技术领域
本公开涉及电子开关机构。更具体地,本公开涉及用于电外科器械的电子开关机构。
背景技术
本部分中的说明仅提供与本公开相关的背景信息,并且可能不构成现有技术。
用于电外科器械以及其他非医疗设备的典型开关包括一个或多个触觉按钮以激活该器械。例如,某些器械采用供惯用左手的操作者使用的一个按钮以及供惯用右手的操作者使用的第二按钮。可涉及该技术的文献包括例如以下专利文档和公开的专利申请:美国专利4,618,754;5,376,765;6,303,887;6,880,989;6,911,608;6,998,554;以及美国专利公布2013/0140164,这些专利的全部内容以引用方式并入本文以用于所有目的。
因此,希望器械包括适应器械的双手通用操作的开关机构。
发明内容
本公开提供了电子开关机构。在各种布置方式中,开关机构与电外科器械相关联。开关机构具有两个或更多个按钮或突片以使医务人员能够致动器械。更具体地讲,所述两个或更多个按钮或突片被构造为允许医务人员用任意一只手操作器械。即,医务人员可使用其任意一只手的手指或拇指提供器械的双手通用操作。
因此,根据本发明的一个方面,开关机构包括具有窗孔的外壳、保持在外壳中的开关元件以及保持在窗孔中的膜开关。膜开关包括柔性膜和刚性肋。肋由外壳中的引导件约束为线性运动,使得与膜的接触引起膜变形且引起肋平移以致动开关元件。
本发明的该方面的特征可进一步在于本文所述特征中的一个或任意组合,诸如:外壳是手持件;开关机构位于手持件的中心平面上;膜支持开关机构的偏心激活;膜支持约30°偏心激活;膜是插入模制的;以及开关机构被布置为提供开关机构的双手通用操作。
因此,根据本发明的另一个方面,开关机构包括具有窗孔的外壳、保持在外壳中的开关元件以及保持在窗孔中的膜开关。膜包括柔性膜和刚性肋。肋受到约束,使得与膜的接触引起膜变形且引起肋移动以致动开关元件。
本发明的上述方面的特征可进一步在于本文所述特征中的一个或任意组合,诸如:肋由外壳中的引导件约束为线性运动,使得与膜的接触引起膜变形且引起肋平移以致动开关元件;肋由外壳中的支轴约束为枢转运动,使得与膜的接触引起膜变形且引起肋围绕支轴之一旋转以致动开关元件;外壳是手持件且开关机构位于手持件的中心平面上,并且其中膜支持开关机构的偏心激活;膜是插入模制的;以及开关机构被布置为提供开关机构的双手通用操作。
因此,根据本发明的又一个方面,开关机构包括具有窗孔的外壳、保持在外壳中的开关元件以及保持在窗孔中的膜开关。膜开关包括柔性膜和刚性肋。肋由外壳中的支轴约束为枢转运动,使得与膜的接触引起膜变形且引起肋围绕支轴之一旋转以致动开关元件。
本发明的上述方面的特征可进一步在于本文所述特征中的一个或任意组合,诸如:外壳是手持件;开关机构位于手持件的中心平面上;膜支持开关机构的偏心激活;膜支持约30°偏心激活;膜是插入模制的;以及开关机构被布置为提供开关机构的双手通用操作。
根据本文提供的描述,其他特征、优点和适用范围将变得显而易见。应当理解,具体实施方式和具体示例仅为了达到说明性目的,并不旨在限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
这里描述的附图仅用于说明性目的,并不旨在以任何方式限制本公开的范围。附图中的部件不一定按比例绘制,而是将重点放在说明本发明的原理上。在附图中:
图1是根据本发明原理的具有手柄的一部分的开关机构的透视图;
图2是图1所示的开关机构的独立视图;
图3是图1所示的开关机构的侧剖视图;
图4是图1所示的开关机构的前剖视图;
图5是图1所示的开关机构的内部顶视图;
图6是根据本发明原理的替代开关机构的透视图;
图7是图6所示的开关机构的侧剖视图;
图8是图6所示的开关机构的前剖视图;并且
图9是图6所示的开关机构的内部顶视图。
具体实施方式
以下描述本质上仅为示例性的,并不旨在限制本公开及其应用或用途。
现在参见图1,体现本发明原理的电外科器械的手持件示于其中并且被指定为10。手持件10包括附接到手柄14的电子开关机构12。开关机构和手柄14可为彼此附接的单独单元或单一集成单元。
进一步参见图2和图3,电子开关机构12包括下外壳16和上外壳18。上外壳18包括开口或窗孔21,该开口或窗孔保持具有膜20和刚性肋26的膜开关。刚性肋26包括如图4和图5所示的肋延伸部28以向刚性肋26提供附加刚性。
上外壳18包括支撑开关22的内部平台或构件23。开关22包括与区域27中的刚性肋26接合的上延伸部或按钮24。膜20包括具有突片部分29的延伸部32,并且还包括上突片部分25。因此,突片部分29之一闩锁在刚性肋26及上外壳18的唇缘36下面,并且另一突片部分29闩锁在刚性肋26下面,而上突片部分25与上外壳18的唇缘34接合。因此,外壳18的唇缘34和36与膜20的接合将膜20固定在窗孔21中。
现在特别参见图4和图5,刚性肋26的最外侧范围沿着上外壳18的内壁37上下滑动。定位在刚性肋26的两个侧面上的一组柱38以一定方式与刚性肋26接合以便在刚性肋26跟随壁37时向该刚性肋提供引导。从而,壁37和柱38使刚性肋26能够提供开关22的垂直致动。具体地讲,当医疗专业人员按压在膜20上(如箭头60的向下部分所指示)时,膜20与刚性肋26之间的接触使刚性肋26压靠在按钮24上,继而致动开关22。在从膜20去除压力之后,膜连同刚性肋26一起回弹并保持其初始形状(如箭头60的上部所指示),使得开关机构12恢复到其初始未致动位置。
开关22在某些布置方式中控制能量源的激活。例如,如果开关机构12与具有电极的电外科器械相关联,则开关机构可控制电连接到该器械的射频(RF)能量源的操作。从而,当医疗专业人员按压并致动开关机构12时,电能被输送到电极以治疗例如患者的组织。相关联的器械可为凝结或切割组织的镊子。该器械可为单极器械,其仅需要与中性电极相互作用的一个电极,该中性电极同样连接到患者的身体。或者,该器械可为具有两个电极(远侧电极和近侧电极)的双极电外科器械。将具有不同电势的RF电压施加到此类双极器械,使得电流从一个电极经过组织流动到另一个电极,从而加热组织以凝结或切割组织。
在一些布置方式中,膜20是由柔性低硬度材料插入模制的。在图4所示的布置方式中,膜20具有大约70°的弧跨度,例如,离中心平面CP的每个侧面大约35°的弧跨度。因此,如果将力施加到膜20的该70°弧跨度的任何地方,则所产生的膜20的位移被转换成刚性肋26的垂直运动以推动按钮24,继而致动与开关机构12相关联的器械。在其他布置方式中,膜20的弧跨度可大于或小于70°。
现在转到图6,示出了替代开关机构112。开关机构112包括与开关机构12的此前所述下外壳类似的下外壳以及上外壳118。上外壳118包括开口或窗孔121,该开口或窗孔保持具有膜120的膜开关。
进一步参见图7和图8,膜开关还包括一对刚性肋126(图9中示出为刚性肋126A和126B),并且刚性肋126包括肋延伸部128以向刚性肋126提供附加刚性。上外壳118将开关22保持在平台23上。开关22包括与区域127中的刚性肋126接合的上延伸部或按钮24。更具体地讲,如图9所示,刚性肋126A与区域127A中的两个按钮24接合,并且刚性肋126B与区域127B中的按钮24接合。膜20包括具有突片部分129的延伸部132,并且还包括上突片部分125。因此,突片部分129之一闩锁在刚性肋126及上外壳118的唇缘136下面。另一突片部分129闩锁在刚性肋126下面,而上突片部分125与上外壳118的唇缘134接合。因此,唇缘134和136与膜120的接合将膜120固定在窗孔121中。
刚性肋126包括一组突出部或凸块129A,129B和129C。更具体地讲,凸块129A与刚性肋126B相关联,凸块129C与刚性肋126A相关联,并且凸块129B与刚性肋126A和126B两者相关联。膜120包括分别与凸块129A,129B和129C接触的一组突出部或凸块137A,137B和137C。凸块129A,129B和129C的位置向医疗专业人员提供有关医疗专业人员的手指和/或拇指相对于膜120位于何处的触觉信息。
还参见图9,刚性肋126A和126B的最外侧范围140A和140B分别与和上外壳118相关联的相应支轴142A和142B接合。因此,当医疗专业人员按压在膜120的外侧部分上(如箭头160A和160C所指示)时,膜120与刚性肋126A或126B之间的接触使刚性肋126A或126B围绕相应支轴142A或142B枢转。即,刚性肋126A和126B彼此独立地围绕支轴142A和142B枢转。因此,凸块137A上的压力将凸块137A压靠在刚性肋126B的凸块129A上,使得刚性肋126B围绕支轴142B枢转并且压靠在区域127B中的按钮24上,继而致动开关22。并且凸块137C上的压力将凸块137C压靠在刚性肋126A的凸块129C上,使得刚性肋126A围绕支轴142A枢转并且压靠在区域127A中的按钮24上,继而致动开关22。应注意,膜120的内侧区域中的向下压力(如箭头160B所指示)使刚性肋126A和126B的外侧部分140A和140B远离支轴142A和142B垂直向下平移。该向下运动使刚性肋126A和126B压靠在区域127A和127B中的按钮24上,从而致动开关机构112的开关22。在从膜120去除压力之后,膜120连同刚性肋126A和126B一起回弹并保持其初始形状,使得开关机构112恢复到其初始未致动位置。
开关22在某些布置方式中控制能量源的激活。例如,如果开关机构112与具有双极电极的电外科器械相关联,则开关机构可控制电连接到该器械的射频(RF)能量源的操作。从而,当医疗专业人员按压并致动开关机构112时,电能被输送到电极以治疗例如组织。相关联的器械可为凝结或切割组织的镊子。该器械可为单极器械,其仅需要与中性电极相互作用的一个电极,该中性电极同样连接到患者的身体。或者,该器械可为具有两个电极(远侧电极和近侧电极)的双极电外科器械。将具有不同电势的RF电压施加到此类双极器械,使得电流从一个电极经过组织流动到另一个电极,从而加热组织以凝结或切割组织。
在一些布置方式中,膜120是由柔性低硬度材料插入模制的。在图6至图9所示的布置方式中,膜120的凸块160A和160C之间的弧跨度为大约60°,即,离中心平面CP的每个侧面大约30°的弧跨度。因此,如果将力施加到膜120的该60°弧跨度的任何地方,则所产生的膜120的位移被转换成区域127A或127B中的刚性肋126A或126B的运动以推动按钮24,继而致动与开关机构112相关联的器械。在其他布置方式中,凸块160A和160C之间的弧跨度可大于或小于60°。
本发明的描述本质上仅为示例性的,并且不背离本发明主旨的变式应被包含在本发明的范围内。这些变式不应被认为脱离本发明的实质和范围。

Claims (12)

1.一种开关机构,包括:
外壳,所述外壳中包括窗孔和多个引导件;
开关元件,所述开关元件保持在所述外壳中;
膜开关,所述膜开关保持在所述窗孔中并且包括柔性膜和刚性肋,所述柔性膜包括位于所述刚性肋外侧的延伸部和闩锁在所述刚性肋下面的突片部分,
其中所述刚性肋被约束为沿着所述多个引导件进行线性运动,使得与所述膜的接触被构造为引起所述膜变形且引起所述刚性肋相对于所述多个引导件滑动并且提供所述刚性肋相对于所述多个引导件的平移运动以致动所述开关元件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的开关机构,其中所述外壳是手持件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的开关机构,其中所述开关机构位于所述手持件的中心平面上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的开关机构,其中所述膜支持所述开关机构的偏心激活。
5.根据权利要求4所述的开关机构,其中所述膜支持约30°偏心激活。
6.根据权利要求1所述的开关机构,其中所述膜是插入模制的。
7.根据权利要求1所述的开关机构,其中所述开关机构被布置为提供所述开关机构的双手通用操作。
8.一种开关机构,包括:
外壳,所述外壳中包括窗孔和多个引导件;
开关元件,所述开关元件保持在所述外壳中;
膜开关,所述膜开关保持在所述窗孔中并且包括柔性膜和刚性肋,所述柔性膜包括位于所述刚性肋外侧的延伸部和闩锁在所述刚性肋下面的突片部分,
其中所述刚性肋被约束为所述刚性肋相对于所述多个引导件进行平移运动,使得与所述膜的接触被构造为引起所述膜变形且引起所述刚性肋移动以致动所述开关元件。
9.根据权利要求8所述的开关机构,其中所述刚性肋由所述外壳中的所述多个引导件约束为线性运动,使得与所述膜的接触引起所述膜变形且引起所述刚性肋沿着所述多个刚性肋滑动以致动所述开关元件。
10.根据权利要求8所述的开关机构,其中所述外壳是手持件且所述开关机构位于所述手持件的中心平面上,并且其中所述膜支持所述开关机构的偏心激活。
11.根据权利要求8所述的开关机构,其中所述膜是插入模制的。
12.根据权利要求8所述的开关机构,其中所述开关机构被布置为提供所述开关机构的双手通用操作。
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