CN109053046B - Alkali-activated fly ash and slag piezoelectric composite board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Alkali-activated fly ash and slag piezoelectric composite board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109053046B CN109053046B CN201811004939.XA CN201811004939A CN109053046B CN 109053046 B CN109053046 B CN 109053046B CN 201811004939 A CN201811004939 A CN 201811004939A CN 109053046 B CN109053046 B CN 109053046B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- JZZIHCLFHIXETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsilicon Chemical compound C[Si]C JZZIHCLFHIXETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B15/00—General arrangement or layout of plant ; Industrial outlines or plant installations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
- C04B41/5116—Ag or Au
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/65—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/69—Metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an alkali-activated fly ash and slag piezoelectric composite board and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the piezoelectric composite plate comprises the following steps: mixing PZT, slag and fly ash according to a mass ratio of 5:4:6, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed ash body, mixing the mixed ash body and aggregate, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a dry mixture; mixing and stirring the dry mixture, an alkali activator, graphite powder and an acid-base-resistant polyether defoaming agent to obtain first slurry, sequentially carrying out die forming, demolding, curing, surface treatment and polarization treatment on the first slurry to obtain a first piezoelectric plate, and connecting the first piezoelectric plate with a circuit board to obtain a first piezoelectric composite plate; and placing the first piezoelectric composite board in a preset mould, and pouring through concrete to obtain the alkali-activated fly ash and slag piezoelectric composite board. The composite piezoelectric plate provided by the embodiment of the invention can reduce the production cost of the piezoelectric composite plate and reduce the energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geopolymer technology and piezoelectricity, in particular to an alkali-excited fly ash slag piezoelectric composite board and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The existing piezoelectric composite board is generally prepared by converting mechanical energy and kinetic energy by adopting piezoelectric ceramics. The piezoelectric ceramic is prepared by sintering oxides such as zirconium oxide, lead oxide and titanium oxide at high temperature, performing solid-phase reaction to form a polycrystal, and performing direct-current high-pressure polarization treatment.
However, the cost of the raw materials adopted in the preparation process of the piezoelectric ceramic is high; in addition, high-temperature sintering needs to be repeatedly carried out in the preparation process, so that the energy consumption is high, and environmental pollution is easily caused, so that the production cost of the traditional piezoelectric composite plate is high, and the energy consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an alkali-activated fly ash and slag piezoelectric composite board and a preparation method thereof, which can reduce the production cost and energy consumption of the piezoelectric composite board.
An embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of an alkali-activated fly ash and slag piezoelectric composite board, which comprises the following steps:
mixing PZT, slag and fly ash according to a mass ratio of 5:4:6, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed ash body, and mixing the mixed ash body and aggregate, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a dry mixture;
mixing and stirring the dry mixture, the alkali activator, the graphite powder and the acid-base-resistant polyether defoamer to obtain first slurry, and sequentially carrying out die forming, demolding, curing, surface treatment and polarization treatment on the first slurry to obtain a first piezoelectric plate;
connecting the positive electrode surface of one first piezoelectric plate with one surface of a double-sided flexible circuit board, and then connecting the other surface of the double-sided flexible circuit board with the negative electrode surface of the other first piezoelectric plate to obtain a first piezoelectric composite plate;
and placing the first piezoelectric composite board in a preset mould, and pouring concrete to obtain the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite board.
Further, the particle size of the PZT is between 100 microns and 200 microns.
Further, the mass ratio of the mixed ash body to the aggregate is 1: 0.6.
Further, the preparation method of the aggregate comprises the following specific steps:
screening the natural sand to respectively obtain a first fine aggregate with the particle size of 0.15mm, a second fine aggregate with the particle size of 0.3mm, a third fine aggregate with the particle size of 0.6mm, a fourth fine aggregate with the particle size of 1.18mm and a fine aggregate with the particle size of 2.36 mm; the first fine aggregate, the second fine aggregate, the third fine aggregate, the fourth fine aggregate and the fifth fine aggregate are mixed according to the volume ratio: the aggregate is obtained after mixing in a ratio of 0.5:0.8:1:0.6: 0.4.
Further, the preparation method of the alkali activator specifically comprises the following steps:
mixing and stirring water, sodium hydroxide and water glass uniformly according to the mass ratio of 100:8:4, and standing for 24 hours to obtain the alkali activator.
Further, the dry mixture, the alkali activator, the graphite powder and the acid and alkali resistant polyether defoamer are mixed and stirred to obtain a first slurry, and the first slurry specifically comprises:
mixing the dry mixture, the alkali activator and the graphite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.25:0.4, then adding an acid-base-resistant polyether type defoaming agent, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain first slurry; wherein the mass of the acid and alkali resistant polyether type defoaming agent accounts for 0.2% of the total mass of the first slurry.
Further, after the first slurry is subjected to mold forming, demolding, curing, surface treatment and polarization treatment in sequence, a first piezoelectric plate is obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
pouring the first slurry into a preset first mold, then vibrating, and stopping vibrating when no bubbles exist on the surface of the first slurry; if the descending distance of the first slurry in the first mould exceeds a preset distance in the vibration process, continuously adding the first slurry into the first mould;
applying pressure of 30-50MPa to the first slurry in the first mould until forming to obtain an alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate;
demoulding the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate, soaking the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate in a closed container filled with ethanol solution, maintaining the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate in an environment with a first preset temperature for 36 to 48 hours to obtain a first maintained piezoelectric prototype plate, and putting the first maintained piezoelectric prototype plate into a concrete maintenance box to continue maintaining the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate for 36 to 48 hours to obtain a second maintained piezoelectric prototype plate;
and after the second maintenance piezoelectric prototype plate is polished, carrying out polarization treatment in dimethyl silicone oil to obtain the first piezoelectric plate.
Furthermore, the first piezoelectric composite board is provided with two wires.
Further, the first piezoelectric composite board is placed in a preset mold, and after concrete pouring is performed, the alkali-activated fly ash and slag piezoelectric composite board is obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
placing the arranged reinforcement cage in a preset second mould, pouring the concrete into the second mould to a preset height, vibrating by using a vibrating rod until no surface bubbles exist, then placing the first piezoelectric composite board in the center of the board, sleeving the lead into a PVC pipe, then continuously pouring the lead into the concrete for pouring, stopping pouring when the concrete plane is flush with the opening of the second mould, vibrating by using a flat plate vibrator at the concrete plane until no bubbles exist in the concrete plane, and curing for 28 days in a normal-temperature environment to obtain the alkali-excited fly ash slag piezoelectric composite board.
Correspondingly, another embodiment of the invention provides an alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite board, and the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite board is prepared by the preparation method of the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite board provided by the embodiment of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the invention, PZT, slag, fly ash and aggregate are mixed, and then are subjected to die forming, demoulding, curing, surface treatment and polarization treatment to obtain the first piezoelectric plate, the first piezoelectric plate is connected with a circuit board, and then is poured in a preset die to obtain the alkali-activated fly ash-slag piezoelectric composite board.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing an alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 201. a concrete layer; 202. PVC pipes; 203. a wire; 204. a first piezoelectric plate; 205. a double-sided flexible circuit board.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for preparing an alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
s101, mixing PZT, slag and fly ash according to a mass ratio of 5:4:6, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed ash body, and mixing the mixed ash body with aggregate, uniformly stirring to obtain a dry mixture.
S102, mixing and stirring the dry mixture, the alkali activator, the graphite powder and the acid-base-resistant polyether defoaming agent to obtain first slurry, and sequentially carrying out die forming, demolding, maintaining, surface treatment and polarization treatment on the first slurry to obtain the first piezoelectric plate.
S103, connecting the positive electrode surface of one first piezoelectric plate with one surface of the double-sided flexible circuit board, and then connecting the other surface of the double-sided flexible circuit board with the negative electrode surface of the other first piezoelectric plate to obtain the first piezoelectric composite plate.
S104, placing the first piezoelectric composite board in a preset mold, and pouring concrete to obtain the alkali-activated fly ash and slag piezoelectric composite board
For step S101, specifically: mixing PZT powder, slag and fly ash according to a mass ratio of 5:4:6, putting the mixture into a ball mill, and carrying out dry grinding for 10 min until the mixture is uniform to obtain a mixed ash body, pouring the mixed ash body and aggregate according to a mass ratio of 1:0.6 into a stirrer, and mixing and stirring for 2 min together to obtain a dry mixture.
It is emphasized that the mass ratio of PZT, slag and fly ash is 5:4:6, and the mass ratio of mixed ash and aggregate is 1:0.6, so that the composite piezoelectric plate prepared by the mixture ratio has excellent conductivity and higher strength.
The particle size of PZT is preferably between 100 and 200 micrometers, because the composite piezoelectric plate has a large volume, and thus the particle size of PZT is slightly larger to enhance the conductive performance of the composite piezoelectric plate.
Further, the preparation method of the aggregate comprises the following steps: cleaning natural sand, drying, and screening the natural sand by adopting a standard sieve with the particle size of 0.15mm, 0.3mm, 0.6mm, 1.18mm and 2.36mm to respectively obtain a first fine aggregate with the particle size of 0.15mm, a second fine aggregate with the particle size of 0.3mm, a third fine aggregate with the particle size of 0.6mm, a fourth fine aggregate with the particle size of 1.18mm and a fine aggregate with the particle size of 2.36 mm; the first fine aggregate, the second fine aggregate, the third fine aggregate, the fourth fine aggregate and the fifth fine aggregate are mixed according to the volume ratio: the aggregate was obtained after mixing at a ratio of 0.5:0.8:1:0.6: 0.4.
For step S102, specifically: mixing the dry mixture, the alkali activator and the graphite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.25:0.4, then adding the acid-alkali-resistant polyether defoamer, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain first slurry;
the preferable stirring time is 2 minutes, wherein the mass of the acid-alkali resistant polyether type defoaming agent accounts for 0.2 percent of the total mass of the first slurry, and the function of eliminating foam is achieved.
Further, pouring the first slurry into a preset first mold, vibrating, and stopping vibrating when no bubbles exist on the surface of the first slurry; if the descending distance of the first slurry in the mold exceeds the preset distance in the vibration process, the first slurry needs to be continuously added into the first preset mold.
Optionally, the first preset mold is a square mold, and the vibration tool is a vibration table.
Preferably, the vibration mode is divided into 3 times of vibration, each time of vibration is 20-30 seconds, and the interval time of each vibration is 30 seconds.
Further, applying pressure of 30-50MPa to the first slurry in the first mould until forming to obtain an alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate; the preferred pressing time is 30-40 minutes.
Further, after demolding the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate, soaking the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate in a closed container filled with ethanol solution, and maintaining the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate in an environment with a first preset temperature for 36 to 48 hours to obtain a first maintained piezoelectric prototype plate, and putting the first maintained piezoelectric prototype plate into a concrete maintenance box to continue maintaining the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate for 36 to 48 hours to obtain a second maintained piezoelectric prototype plate;
further, after the second maintenance piezoelectric prototype plate is polished, polarization treatment is carried out in dimethyl silicone oil, and the first piezoelectric plate is obtained. Specifically, the surface of the second maintenance piezoelectric prototype plate is polished to be 4mm thick, finally polished to obtain a square plate with the length of 50 cm, the width of 50 cm and the height of 4mm, then low-temperature conductive silver paste is uniformly coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the square plate, the square plate is polarized in dimethyl silicon oil after being dried, the square plate is placed at room temperature for 24 hours, and after an electric domain is stabilized, the first piezoelectric plate is obtained.
Further, the preparation method of the alkali activator comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring water, sodium hydroxide and water glass uniformly according to the mass ratio of 100:8:4, and standing for 24 hours to obtain the alkali activator. Specifically, firstly, weighing sodium hydroxide, pouring the sodium hydroxide into a container, then adding distilled water, stirring for five minutes until the sodium hydroxide is completely dissolved, then pouring water glass, stirring for five minutes until the solution is uniformly mixed, and standing for 24 hours.
For step S103, specifically: taking two pieces of polarized first piezoelectric plates, wiping two surfaces of the first piezoelectric plate by using a small amount of ethanol dipped in a sanitary napkin, and drying for later use. And (3) enabling the positive electrode surface of one piece of first piezoelectric plate to face upwards, and then uniformly brushing conductive silver adhesive on the surface of the first piezoelectric plate by using a brush. Then one side of the double-sided flexible circuit board is placed on the first piezoelectric plate; then, a brush is used for smearing conductive silver adhesive on the other surface of the circuit board, another first piezoelectric plate is taken out, the negative electrode surface of the first piezoelectric plate is bonded with the other surface of the circuit board, and then the circuit board is placed in an electric heating constant temperature blast drying oven and dried for 4 hours in the environment with the temperature of 100 ℃. After drying, one connector is respectively connected from the connector rings on the two sides of the double-sided flexible circuit board, a lead is inserted into the connector, and then bayonets on the two sides of the connector are bent to fix the lead, so that the first piezoelectric composite board is manufactured.
For step S104, specifically: placing the arranged reinforcement cage in a preset second mould, pouring concrete into the second mould to a preset height, vibrating by using a vibrating rod until the surface of the reinforcement cage is free from bubbles, then placing a first piezoelectric composite plate in the center of the plate, sleeving a lead into a PVC pipe, continuously pouring the concrete for pouring, stopping pouring when the concrete plane is flush with the mould opening, vibrating by using a flat plate vibrator at the concrete plane until the concrete plane is free from bubbles, and curing for 28 days in a normal-temperature environment to obtain the piezoelectric composite plate.
Preferred said concrete may be, but is not limited to:
preferably, the length, width and height of the second die are respectively as follows: 2 meters, 2 meters and 30 centimeters. The predetermined height is 2/3 the height of the die, and the diameter of the PVC pipe is 10 mm.
It should be noted that: the wires should be more than 5 cm beyond the side line of the concrete slab.
As shown in fig. 2, another embodiment of the present invention provides an alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate, which is prepared by the preparation method of the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
preferably, the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate comprises: the device comprises a concrete layer, a first piezoelectric plate and a double-sided flexible circuit board; and the first piezoelectric plate is connected with the double-sided flexible circuit board to obtain the piezoelectric composite board. The piezoelectric composite board is embedded in the concrete layer. And in need of supplementation, two wires are externally connected to the double-sided flexible circuit board, the wires are coated by a PVC pipe, and the piezoelectric plate can be laid on a road for vehicle detection.
According to the embodiment of the invention, PZT, slag, fly ash and aggregate are mixed, and then are subjected to die forming, demoulding, curing, surface treatment and polarization treatment to obtain the first piezoelectric plate, the first piezoelectric plate is connected with a circuit board, and then is poured in a preset die to obtain the alkali-excited fly ash-slag piezoelectric composite board. In the manufacturing process, a certain amount of aggregate is added, so that the strength of the piezoelectric composite plate is increased. Graphite is added to adjust the dielectric constant of the piezoelectric composite plate, so that the connectivity among PZT particles during polarization is increased, the polarization voltage is reduced, and the polarization is facilitated.
And a certain amount of PZT is added to adjust the piezoelectricity of the piezoelectric composite plate. Graphite and powder are uniformly dispersed into materials such as fly ash, slag and the like by adopting a ball milling mode, so that the uniformity of dispersion of PZT powder and graphite is improved.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite board is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
mixing PZT, slag and fly ash according to a mass ratio of 5:4:6, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed ash body, and mixing the mixed ash body and aggregate, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a dry mixture; wherein the mass ratio of the mixed ash body to the aggregate is 1: 0.6; the preparation method of the aggregate comprises the following specific steps: screening the natural sand to respectively obtain a first fine aggregate with the particle size of 0.15mm, a second fine aggregate with the particle size of 0.3mm, a third fine aggregate with the particle size of 0.6mm, a fourth fine aggregate with the particle size of 1.18mm and a fifth fine aggregate with the particle size of 2.36 mm; the first fine aggregate, the second fine aggregate, the third fine aggregate, the fourth fine aggregate and the fifth fine aggregate are mixed according to the volume ratio: mixing the raw materials in a ratio of 0.5:0.8:1:0.6:0.4 to obtain the aggregate;
mixing and stirring the dry mixture, the alkali activator, the graphite powder and the acid-base-resistant polyether defoamer to obtain first slurry, and sequentially carrying out die forming, demolding, curing, surface treatment and polarization treatment on the first slurry to obtain a first piezoelectric plate;
connecting the positive electrode surface of one first piezoelectric plate with one surface of a double-sided flexible circuit board, and then connecting the other surface of the double-sided flexible circuit board with the negative electrode surface of the other first piezoelectric plate to obtain a first piezoelectric composite plate;
and placing the first piezoelectric composite board in a preset mould, and pouring concrete to obtain the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite board.
2. The method of making an alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate as defined in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the PZT is between 100 and 200 microns.
3. The method for preparing the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the alkali-activating agent specifically comprises the following steps:
mixing and stirring water, sodium hydroxide and water glass uniformly according to the mass ratio of 100:8:4, and standing for 24 hours to obtain the alkali activator.
4. The method for preparing the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate according to claim 1, wherein the dry mixture, the alkali activator, the graphite powder and the acid-and alkali-resistant polyether defoamer are mixed and stirred to obtain a first slurry, which specifically comprises:
mixing the dry mixture, the alkali activator and the graphite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.25:0.4, then adding an acid-base-resistant polyether type defoaming agent, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain first slurry; wherein the mass of the acid and alkali resistant polyether type defoaming agent accounts for 0.2% of the total mass of the first slurry.
5. The method for preparing the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate according to claim 1, wherein the first slurry is subjected to mold forming, demolding, curing, surface treatment and polarization treatment in sequence to obtain the first piezoelectric plate, and specifically comprises the following steps:
pouring the first slurry into a preset first mold, then vibrating, and stopping vibrating when no bubbles exist on the surface of the first slurry; if the descending distance of the first slurry in the first mould exceeds a preset distance in the vibration process, continuously adding the first slurry into the first mould;
applying pressure of 30-50MPa to the first slurry in the first mould until forming to obtain an alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate;
demoulding the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate, soaking the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate in a closed container filled with ethanol solution, maintaining the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate in an environment with a first preset temperature for 36 to 48 hours to obtain a first maintained piezoelectric prototype plate, and putting the first maintained piezoelectric prototype plate into a concrete maintenance box to continue maintaining the alkali-excited piezoelectric prototype plate for 36 to 48 hours to obtain a second maintained piezoelectric prototype plate;
and after the second maintenance piezoelectric prototype plate is polished, carrying out polarization treatment in dimethyl silicone oil to obtain the first piezoelectric plate.
6. The method of making an alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite panel according to claim 1, wherein the first piezoelectric composite panel is provided with two wires.
7. The method for preparing the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite board according to claim 6, wherein the first piezoelectric composite board is placed in a preset mold and poured through concrete to obtain the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite board, and the method comprises the following steps:
placing the arranged reinforcement cage in a preset second mould, pouring the concrete into the second mould to a preset height, vibrating by using a vibrating rod until the surface of the reinforcement cage is free from bubbles, then placing the first piezoelectric composite board in the center of the board, sleeving the lead into a PVC pipe, then continuously pouring the lead into the concrete for pouring, stopping pouring when the concrete plane is flush with the opening of the second mould, vibrating by using a flat plate vibrator at the concrete plane until the concrete plane is free from bubbles, and curing for 28 days in a normal-temperature environment to obtain the alkali-excited fly ash slag piezoelectric composite board.
8. An alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate, which is prepared by the method for preparing the alkali-activated fly ash slag piezoelectric composite plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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