CN109004759B - A car wireless charging system for metal obstacle recognition and automatic removal - Google Patents
A car wireless charging system for metal obstacle recognition and automatic removal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109004759B CN109004759B CN201810888698.3A CN201810888698A CN109004759B CN 109004759 B CN109004759 B CN 109004759B CN 201810888698 A CN201810888698 A CN 201810888698A CN 109004759 B CN109004759 B CN 109004759B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
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- H02J7/025—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- H02J2007/10—
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明的一种金属障碍物识别及自动清除的汽车无线充电系统属于汽车新能源技术领域。结构有AC‑DC转换单元(2)、DC‑AC逆变单元(3)、发射线圈(4)、调谐电路(5)、金属检测单元(6)、控制单元(7)和清除装置(8)。本发明可以自动识别发射单元与接收单元之间的金属障碍物并及时清除，提高无线传输的效率和安全性能。
The invention relates to a vehicle wireless charging system for identifying and automatically removing metal obstacles, belonging to the technical field of new energy for vehicles. The structure includes an AC-DC conversion unit (2), a DC-AC inverter unit (3), a transmitting coil (4), a tuning circuit (5), a metal detection unit (6), a control unit (7) and a cleaning device (8) ). The invention can automatically identify the metal obstacles between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit and remove them in time, thereby improving the efficiency and safety performance of wireless transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy of automobiles, and relates to a device for wirelessly charging an electric automobile, identifying a metal barrier between a transmitting unit and a receiving unit and automatically clearing the barrier.
Background
With the continuous popularization of fuel automobiles, the problem of environmental pollution caused by automobile exhaust is increasingly highlighted; as automobiles become an indispensable part of human life, environmental protection and development of new energy automobiles become mainstream in the development of the current automobile field.
From the scientists Marin Soljacic et al of MIT in 2007 to realize the wireless power transmission of medium distance by using the magnetic coupling resonance principle, the automobile wireless charging technology based on the magnetic coupling resonance principle is gradually realized; according to the technology, the transmitting unit is placed in the parking space, and the receiving unit is placed in the automobile chassis, so that wireless charging is realized, and compared with a traditional mode, the wireless charging system has the advantages of convenience, rapidness, safety and the like;
theoretical simulation and experimental verification show that different influences are generated on transmission efficiency due to the fact that different obstacles exist between the transmitting device and the receiving device, wherein the influence of the metal obstacles on the wireless charging system of the automobile is the largest; most of the transmitting units are open air or on two sides of a road, and the transmitting coils are wound on the ferrite, so that a layer of scrap iron can be adsorbed for a long time, and metal garbage (pop-top cans, iron sheets, metal ornaments and the like) can not cover the transmitting coils; therefore, the device can detect metal obstacles in the wireless charging system of the automobile and automatically clear the metal obstacles, can improve the transmission efficiency of the system and prevent potential safety hazards, and has great significance for popularization of electric automobiles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to realize wireless charging of an electric automobile, and provides a device for identifying and clearing obstacles in a transmission space in order to ensure that the transmission efficiency of the system is not influenced by the obstacles; the method comprises the steps that a metal detection circuit is used for detecting metal obstacles in real time in an electric energy transmission space of a wireless charging system, when the metal obstacles are detected, a detection result is sent to a control unit, the control unit processes information and then gives an alarm, closes the system, starts a clearing device and clears metal garbage; and when the cleaning device finishes working, the wireless charging system is started again.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a metal barrier discerns and the wireless charging system of car of automatic clearing, the structure has AC-DC converting unit 2, DC-AC inverter unit 3, transmitting coil 4, tuned circuit 5, characterized by that, the structure also has metal detecting element 6, control unit 7 and clearing device 8;
the input end of the AC-DC conversion unit 2 is connected with the commercial power 1, the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit 2 is connected with the input end of the DC-AC inversion unit 3, and the output end of the DC-AC inversion unit 3 is connected with the transmitting coil 4; the transmitting coil 4 is connected with the tuning circuit 5, the input end of the metal detection unit 6 is connected with the transmitting coil 4, the output end of the metal detection unit 6 is connected with the input end of the control unit 7, and the output end of the control unit 7 is connected with the input end of the clearing device 8;
the structure of the DC-AC inverter unit 3 is that the input ends of the first driving circuit 302, the second driving circuit 303, the third driving circuit 304 and the fourth driving circuit 305 are respectively connected with the single chip 301, the output ends are respectively connected with the four control ends of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306, the input end of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 is used as the input end of the DC-AC inverter unit 3 and is connected with the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit 2, and the output end of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 is used as the output end of the DC-AC inverter unit 3 and is connected with the transmitting coil 4;
the first driving circuit 302 and the second driving circuit 303 have the same structure, specifically, one end of a capacitor C1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1, which is used as an input end of the first or second driving circuit and is marked as a port PWM _ FS, and is connected with the single chip microcomputer 301, the other end of a resistor R1 is connected with an anode of the light emitting diode D1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a cathode of the light emitting diode D1 and is marked as a port PWM _ GN, and is connected with a ground end of the single chip microcomputer 301; the anode of the photosensitive diode D2 is grounded, the cathode is connected with one end of a resistor R9, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with a VCC3 power supply; the power supply positive end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with a power supply VCC3, and the negative end is grounded GND; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with a resistor R2 in series and is grounded GND, the inverting input end is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the output end of an operational amplifier U1A; the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with one end of a capacitor C2, one end of a resistor R5, one end of a resistor R6 and the base electrode of a transistor Q1, the other ends of the capacitor C2 and the resistor R5 are grounded GND, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with a power supply VCC 3; one end of the capacitor C3 is connected with a power supply VCC3, and the other end is grounded GND; an emitter series resistor R7 of the transistor Q1 is grounded GND, and a collector series resistor R8 is connected with a power supply VCC 3; the power supply positive end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with a power supply VCC4, and the negative end is grounded GND; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with one end of a resistor R10, and the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with the collector of a transistor Q1; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with one end of a resistor R11 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R11 is grounded GND, and the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1B; the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected to the gates of the fets T1 and T2 and one end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C5 is grounded, the source of the fet T1 is connected to the drain of the fet T2 and serves as one output end of the first or second driving circuit, which is denoted as port FS _ Drive, the drain of the fet T1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q4, the base of the transistor Q4 is connected to one end of the resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to the cathode of the diode D3, the emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4 and one end of the capacitor C7, the other end of the capacitor C7 is connected to the anode of the diode D3 and serves as the other output end of the first or second driving circuit, which is denoted as port FS _ Staby, the anode of the diode D4 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the power supply 4, one end of the capacitor C4, the anode of the electrolytic capacitor C6 is connected with a power supply VCC4, and the cathode is grounded;
the third driving circuit 304 and the second driving circuit 305 have the same structure, specifically, one end of a capacitor C8 is connected with one end of a resistor R15, and is used as an input end of the third or fourth driving circuit, and is recorded as a port PWM _ SD, and is connected with the single chip microcomputer 301, the other end of a resistor R15 is connected with an anode of the light emitting diode D5, the other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with a cathode of the light emitting diode D5, and is recorded as a port PWM _ GD, and is connected with a ground end of the single chip microcomputer 301; the anode of the photosensitive diode D6 is grounded, the cathode is connected with one end of a resistor R23, and the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with a VCC1 power supply; the operational amplifier U2A has the power supply positive terminal connected with the power supply VCC1 and the negative terminal connected with GND; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2A is connected with a resistor R16 in series and is grounded GND, the inverting input end is connected with one end of a resistor R17 and one end of a resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R17 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with the output end of an operational amplifier U2A; the output end of the operational amplifier U2A is connected with one end of a capacitor C9, one end of a resistor R19, one end of a resistor R20 and the base electrode of a transistor Q2, the other ends of the capacitor C9 and the resistor R19 are grounded GND, and the other end of the resistor R20 is connected with a power supply VCC 1; one end of the capacitor C10 is connected with a power supply VCC1, and the other end is grounded GND; an emitter series resistor R21 of the transistor Q2 is grounded GND, and a collector series resistor R22 is connected with a power supply VCC 1; the operational amplifier U2B has the power supply positive terminal connected with the power supply VCC2 and the negative terminal connected with GND; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2B is connected with one end of a resistor R24, and the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with the collector of a transistor Q2; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2B is connected with one end of a resistor R25 and one end of a resistor R26, the other end of the resistor R25 is grounded GND, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2B and one end of a capacitor C12, the other end of the capacitor C12 is grounded, and the two ends of the capacitor C11 are respectively connected with a power supply VCC2 and the ground; the output end of the operational amplifier U2B is used as the output end of the third or fourth driving circuit and is marked as a port SD _ Drive;
the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 is configured in such a way that the drain of a field effect transistor T4, the drain of a field effect transistor T6, one end of a capacitor C14, one end of a capacitor C16, one end of a capacitor C17, one end of a capacitor C18 and the anode of an electrolytic capacitor C19 are connected together, the input end of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306, which is denoted as a port DC, is connected to the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit 2, the other end of the capacitor C17, the other end of the capacitor C18 and the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor C19 are grounded, the other end of the capacitor C14 is connected to the anode of a diode D8 and one end of a resistor R32, the other end of the resistor R32 is connected to the cathode of a diode D8 and to the source of the field effect transistor T4, one end of the resistor R28 is connected to one end of a resistor R30 and to the gate of the field effect transistor T4, the other end of the resistor R28 is denoted as a port IPFU, recording as a port IPFC; the other end of the capacitor C16 is connected with the anode of the diode D10 and one end of the resistor R38, the other end of the resistor R38 is connected with the cathode of the diode D10 and is also connected with the source of the field-effect transistor T6, one end of the resistor R34 is connected with one end of the resistor R36 and is also connected with the gate of the field-effect transistor T6, the other end of the resistor R34 is marked as a port IPSU, and the other end of the resistor R36 is connected with the source of the field-effect transistor T4 and is marked as a port IPSC; the drain of the field effect transistor T3 is connected with one end of a capacitor C13 and one end of a resistor R40, and is also connected with the source of the field effect transistor T4, the other end of the resistor R40 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C13 is connected with the anode of a diode D7 and one end of a resistor R31, the other end of the resistor R31 is connected with the cathode of a diode D7 and the source of the field effect transistor T3 and is grounded, one end of the resistor R27 is connected with the gate of the field effect transistor T3, the other end is marked as a port IPDU, one end of the resistor R29 is connected with the gate of the field effect transistor T3, and the other; the other end of the capacitor C15 is connected with the anode of the diode D9 and one end of the resistor R37, the other end of the resistor R37 is connected with the cathode of the diode D9 and the source of the field-effect tube T5 and is grounded, one end of the resistor R33 is connected with the gate of the field-effect tube T5, the other end of the resistor R33 is marked as a port IPTU, one end of the resistor R35 is connected with the gate of the field-effect tube T5, and the other end of the resistor R35;
the ports IPFU and IPFC of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 are respectively connected to the ports FS _ Drive and FS _ standby of the first driving circuit 302; ports IPSU and IPSC of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 are respectively connected with ports FS _ Drive and FS _ standby of the second driving circuit 303; a port IPTU of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 is connected with a port SD _ Drive of the third Drive circuit 304; a port IPDU of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 is connected to a port SD _ Drive of the fourth driving circuit 305; the ports IPFC and IPSC of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 are also connected with the two ends of the transmitting coil 4 respectively;
the metal detection unit 6 has a structure that the anode of a diode D11 is used as the input end of the metal detection unit 6 and is marked as a port P _ Check, and is connected with the transmitting coil 4, the cathode of a diode D11 is connected with one end of a resistor R41, one end of a resistor R42 and one end of a capacitor C20, the other ends of the resistor R41 and the capacitor C20 are grounded to GND, and the other end of the resistor R42 is connected with the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U3A; the resistor R43 and the capacitor C21 are connected between the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3A and the ground GND in parallel; the operational amplifier U3A has the power supply positive terminal connected with the power supply VCC5 and the negative terminal connected with GND; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3A is respectively connected with a ground GND through a resistor R45 and a power supply VCC5 through a variable resistor R44; the output end of the operational amplifier U3A is connected with the anode of the diode D12 and one end of the resistor R47, and is used as the output end of the metal detection unit 6 and is marked as a port P _ FBack, and the cathode of the diode D12 is connected with the resistor R46 and is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3A; the other end of the resistor R47 is connected with a power supply VCC 5; one end of the capacitor C22 and the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C23 are connected with a power supply VCC5, and the other end of the capacitor C22 and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C23 are grounded;
The AC-DC conversion unit 2 can be any circuit capable of converting 220V 50Hz alternating current into direct current, and preferably outputs 200V direct current.
The DC-AC inverter unit 3 may be any circuit capable of converting direct current into high frequency alternating current, and preferably has an output frequency of 50 kHz.
The invention has the following characteristics and effects:
1. the invention does not need to add a transmission wire, directly and wirelessly transmits the energy of the transmitting unit to the receiving unit by the magnetic coupling resonance principle, and is convenient, quick and safe.
2. The invention can automatically identify the metal barrier between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit and remove the metal barrier in time, thereby improving the efficiency and the safety performance of wireless transmission.
3. The metal detection circuit in the invention is used for real-time detection, and can find potential safety hazards in the system in time.
4. The metal detection circuit of the invention is a detection coil which is shared by a transmission coil in the coupling element, and a separate detection coil is not needed.
5. The control circuit can give an alarm to the existing metal obstacles and automatically close the system, so that the safety performance is improved;
description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a DC-AC inverter unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the first and second driving circuits according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of third and fourth driving circuits according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a full-bridge inverter circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a metal detection unit of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the removing device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
EXAMPLE 1 Overall Structure of the invention
The overall structure block diagram of the invention is shown in figure 1: the input end of the AC-DC conversion unit 2 is connected with the commercial power 1, the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit 2 is connected with the input end of the DC-AC inversion unit 3, and the output end of the DC-AC inversion unit 3 is connected with the transmitting coil 4; the transmitting coil 4 is connected with the tuning circuit 5, the input end of the metal detection unit 6 is connected with the transmitting coil 4, the output end of the metal detection unit 6 is connected with the input end of the control unit 7, and the output end of the control unit 7 is connected with the input end of the clearing device 8.
The AC-DC conversion unit 2 converts alternating current in the commercial power 1 into direct current voltage of a system bus and direct current required by a driving circuit, the direct current of the bus is inverted into alternating current with required frequency through the AC-DC inversion unit 3, the impedance of the magnetic coupling element is reduced through the tuning circuit 5, the transmitting unit is always in a resonance state, and a transmitting coil 4 of the magnetic coupling element generates an alternating electromagnetic field; then the metal detection unit 6 detects the peak voltage of the transmitting coil 4 in real time, and when the comparison value of the detected voltage and the rated voltage exceeds a set range, the control unit 7 sends out an alarm signal, closes the system and starts the clearing device 8 by comparing the peak voltage with the rated voltage; after the cleaning device 8 is started, the control unit 7 controls the starting time of the cleaning device, and the wireless charging system is started again after the cleaning device 8 is closed; when the comparison value of the detected voltage and the rated voltage is in an allowable range, the receiving unit generates resonance by the receiving coil and the transmitting coil 4 with the same natural frequency and receives energy, the impedance of the receiving unit of the magnetic coupling element is reduced by the tuning circuit, and the alternating current is converted into the direct current required by the battery through the voltage stabilizing rectification filter circuit, so that the wireless transmission of the energy is realized; the wireless charging system has the functions of identifying and automatically clearing metal obstacles.
The AC-DC conversion unit 2 belongs to a conventional circuit, and any circuit design capable of converting 220V 50Hz alternating current into direct current can be selected; the tuning circuit 5 is a conventional circuit, preferably a parallel resonant circuit with capacitive or inductive compensation; the receiving coil is arranged in an electric automobile capable of being charged wirelessly and used for receiving energy, and the receiving coil does not belong to the structure of the invention.
EXAMPLE 2DC-AC inversion Unit
The structure of the DC-AC inverter unit 3 is shown in fig. 2, wherein the input ends of the first driving circuit 302, the second driving circuit 303, the third driving circuit 304 and the fourth driving circuit 305 are respectively connected to the single chip 301, the output ends are respectively connected to the four control ends of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306, the input end of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 is used as the input end of the DC-AC inverter unit 3 and is connected to the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit 2, and the output end of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 is used as the output end of the DC-AC inverter unit 3 and is connected to the transmitting coil 4.
The first driving circuit 302 and the second driving circuit 303 have the same structure, specifically, one end of a capacitor C1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1, which is used as an input end of the first or second driving circuit and is marked as a port PWM _ FS, and is connected with the single chip microcomputer 301, the other end of a resistor R1 is connected with an anode of the light emitting diode D1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a cathode of the light emitting diode D1 and is marked as a port PWM _ GN, and is connected with a ground end of the single chip microcomputer 301; the anode of the photosensitive diode D2 is grounded, the cathode is connected with one end of a resistor R9, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with a VCC3 power supply; the power supply positive end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with a power supply VCC3, and the negative end is grounded GND; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with a resistor R2 in series and is grounded GND, the inverting input end is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the output end of an operational amplifier U1A; the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with one end of a capacitor C2, one end of a resistor R5, one end of a resistor R6 and the base electrode of a transistor Q1, the other ends of the capacitor C2 and the resistor R5 are grounded GND, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with a power supply VCC 3; one end of the capacitor C3 is connected with a power supply VCC3, and the other end is grounded GND; an emitter series resistor R7 of the transistor Q1 is grounded GND, and a collector series resistor R8 is connected with a power supply VCC 3; the power supply positive end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with a power supply VCC4, and the negative end is grounded GND; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with one end of a resistor R10, and the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with the collector of a transistor Q1; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with one end of a resistor R11 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R11 is grounded GND, and the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1B; the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected to the gates of the fets T1 and T2 and one end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C5 is grounded, the source of the fet T1 is connected to the drain of the fet T2 and serves as one output end of the first or second driving circuit, which is denoted as port FS _ Drive, the drain of the fet T1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q4, the base of the transistor Q4 is connected to one end of the resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to the cathode of the diode D3, the emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to the cathode of the diode D4 and one end of the capacitor C7, the other end of the capacitor C7 is connected to the anode of the diode D3 and serves as the other output end of the first or second driving circuit, which is denoted as port FS _ Staby, the anode of the diode D4 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the power supply 4, one end of the capacitor C4, the anode of the electrolytic capacitor C6 is connected with a power supply VCC4, and the cathode is grounded. In order to prevent the interference of the secondary circuit to the PWM square wave, the invention also adopts a light emitting diode D1 to be optically coupled with a photosensitive diode D2. U1A amplifies input signals, Q1 amplifies current, U1B amplifies drive power; c7 is a bootstrap capacitor, the starting voltage of T4 and T6 of the full-bridge inverter circuit is always controlled to be a certain value, and the switching speed and the stability are effectively improved; q4 controls the turn-on voltage of the bootstrap capacitor.
The third driving circuit 304 and the second driving circuit 305 have the same structure, specifically, one end of a capacitor C8 is connected with one end of a resistor R15, and is used as an input end of the third or fourth driving circuit, and is recorded as a port PWM _ SD, and is connected with the single chip microcomputer 301, the other end of a resistor R15 is connected with an anode of the light emitting diode D5, the other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with a cathode of the light emitting diode D5, and is recorded as a port PWM _ GD, and is connected with a ground end of the single chip microcomputer 301; the anode of the photosensitive diode D6 is grounded, the cathode is connected with one end of a resistor R23, and the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with a VCC1 power supply; the operational amplifier U2A has the power supply positive terminal connected with the power supply VCC1 and the negative terminal connected with GND; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2A is connected with a resistor R16 in series and is grounded GND, the inverting input end is connected with one end of a resistor R17 and one end of a resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R17 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with the output end of an operational amplifier U2A; the output end of the operational amplifier U2A is connected with one end of a capacitor C9, one end of a resistor R19, one end of a resistor R20 and the base electrode of a transistor Q2, the other ends of the capacitor C9 and the resistor R19 are grounded GND, and the other end of the resistor R20 is connected with a power supply VCC 1; one end of the resistor R23 is connected with a power supply VCC1, and the other end is connected with the cathode of the photodiode D6; one end of the capacitor C10 is connected with a power supply VCC1, and the other end is grounded GND; an emitter series resistor R21 of the transistor Q2 is grounded GND, and a collector series resistor R22 is connected with a power supply VCC 1; the operational amplifier U2B has the power supply positive terminal connected with the power supply VCC2 and the negative terminal connected with GND; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2B is connected with one end of a resistor R24, and the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with the collector of a transistor Q2; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2B is connected with one end of a resistor R25 and one end of a resistor R26, the other end of the resistor R25 is grounded GND, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2B and one end of a capacitor C12, the other end of the capacitor C12 is grounded, and the two ends of the capacitor C11 are respectively connected with a power supply VCC2 and the ground; the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2B is used as the output terminal of the third or fourth driving circuit and is denoted as the port SD _ Drive.
The full-bridge inverter circuit 306 is configured in such a way that the drain of a field effect transistor T4, the drain of a field effect transistor T6, one end of a capacitor C14, one end of a capacitor C16, one end of a capacitor C17, one end of a capacitor C18 and the anode of an electrolytic capacitor C19 are connected together, the input end of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306, which is denoted as a port DC, is connected to the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit 2, the other end of the capacitor C17, the other end of the capacitor C18 and the cathode of the electrolytic capacitor C19 are grounded, the other end of the capacitor C14 is connected to the anode of a diode D8 and one end of a resistor R32, the other end of the resistor R32 is connected to the cathode of a diode D8 and to the source of the field effect transistor T4, one end of the resistor R28 is connected to one end of a resistor R30 and to the gate of the field effect transistor T4, the other end of the resistor R28 is denoted as a port IPFU, recording as a port IPFC; the other end of the capacitor C16 is connected with the anode of the diode D10 and one end of the resistor R38, the other end of the resistor R38 is connected with the cathode of the diode D10 and is also connected with the source of the field-effect transistor T6, one end of the resistor R34 is connected with one end of the resistor R36 and is also connected with the gate of the field-effect transistor T6, the other end of the resistor R34 is marked as a port IPSU, and the other end of the resistor R36 is connected with the source of the field-effect transistor T4 and is marked as a port IPSC; the drain of the field effect transistor T3 is connected with one end of a capacitor C13 and one end of a resistor R40, and is also connected with the source of the field effect transistor T4, the other end of the resistor R40 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C13 is connected with the anode of a diode D7 and one end of a resistor R31, the other end of the resistor R31 is connected with the cathode of a diode D7 and the source of the field effect transistor T3 and is grounded, one end of the resistor R27 is connected with the gate of the field effect transistor T3, the other end is marked as a port IPDU, one end of the resistor R29 is connected with the gate of the field effect transistor T3, and the other; the other end of the capacitor C15 is connected to the anode of the diode D9 and one end of the resistor R37, the other end of the resistor R37 is connected to the cathode of the diode D9 and the source of the fet T5 and to ground, one end of the resistor R33 is connected to the gate of the fet T5, the other end is denoted as a port IPTU, one end of the resistor R35 is connected to the gate of the fet T5, and the other end is grounded.
The ports IPFU and IPFC of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 are respectively connected to the ports FS _ Drive and FS _ standby of the first driving circuit 302; ports IPSU and IPSC of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 are respectively connected with ports FS _ Drive and FS _ standby of the second driving circuit 303; a port IPTU of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 is connected with a port SD _ Drive of the third Drive circuit 304; a port IPDU of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 is connected to a port SD _ Drive of the fourth driving circuit 305; the ports IPFC and IPSC of the full-bridge inverter circuit 306 are also connected to the two ends of the transmitting coil 4, respectively.
The DC-AC inversion unit 3 outputs four paths of two-phase complementary PWM square waves by the singlechip and has the characteristics of adjustable frequency, dead zone and duty ratio, the threshold value of the PWM square waves is improved to the starting voltage of the switching tubes T3, T4, T5 and T6 through the first driving circuit, the second driving circuit, the third driving circuit and the fourth driving circuit, and DC direct current is converted into alternating current with required frequency by accurately controlling the switching tubes to be switched on and off and adopting a full-bridge inversion technology; the resistors R29, R30, R35 and R36 are added to prevent static electricity and spike interference; the resistors R27, R28, R33 and R34 are used for overcurrent protection; the capacitors C18 and C19 filter and reduce the impedance of the power supply; the resistors R39 and R40 provide initial voltage for the bootstrap capacitor C7 in the first and second driving circuits; c14, D8, R32, C13, D7, R31, C16, D10, R38, C15, D9 and R37 accelerate the discharging speed of the coil and prevent T3, T4, T5 and T6 from reverse breakdown; c17 constitutes a discharge loop.
EXAMPLE 3 Metal detection cell
The schematic diagram of the metal detection unit is shown in fig. 6, an anode of a diode D11 is used as an input end of the metal detection unit 6, is marked as a port P _ Check, and is connected to the transmitting coil 4, a cathode of the diode D11 is connected to one end of a resistor R41, one end of a resistor R42, and one end of a capacitor C20, the other ends of the resistor R41 and the capacitor C20 are grounded GND, and the other end of the resistor R42 is connected to an inverting input end of an operational amplifier U3A; the resistor R43 and the capacitor C21 are connected between the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3A and the ground GND in parallel; the operational amplifier U3A has the power supply positive terminal connected with the power supply VCC5 and the negative terminal connected with GND; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3A is respectively connected with a ground GND through a resistor R45 and a power supply VCC5 through a variable resistor R44; the output end of the operational amplifier U3A is connected with the anode of the diode D12 and one end of the resistor R47, and is used as the output end of the metal detection unit 6 and is marked as a port P _ FBack, and the cathode of the diode D12 is connected with the resistor R46 and is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3A; the other end of the resistor R47 is connected with a power supply VCC 5; one end of the capacitor C22 and the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C23 are connected with a power supply VCC5, and the other end of the capacitor C22 and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C23 are grounded.
The structure can directly use the transmitting coil 4 to detect metal; the peak voltage of one end, close to a power supply, of a transmitting coil 4 in parallel resonance in a transmitting unit is detected in real time, and when the comparison value of the detected voltage and the rated voltage exceeds a certain range, the existence of a metal barrier between the transmitting coil and a receiving coil is judged; the structure has the characteristics of real-time monitoring, small interference to a system, high response sensitivity and the like.
EXAMPLE 4 purging device
The structure of the clearing device is shown in fig. 7, an air inlet 10 is arranged at the tail end of an air inlet channel 13, an air inlet baffle plate 9 is arranged on the inner side of the air inlet 10, a first filter screen 11 and a second filter screen 12 are respectively arranged in the air inlet channel 13, the tail end of the air inlet channel 13 is connected with one end of a motor fan 15 in a sealing mode, the other end of the motor fan 15 is connected with an air outlet channel 16 in a sealing mode, an air outlet 20 is arranged at the tail end of the air outlet channel 16, an air outlet baffle plate 19 is arranged on the inner side of the air outlet 20, a motor of a dust removal motor 14 is connected with the motor fan 15 to drive the motor fan 15 to rotate, the air inlet channel 13 and the air outlet channel 16 form a U-shaped structure with an upward opening.
The cleaning device controls the opening and closing of the motor with the fan through the control unit 7, the fan conveys wind to the air outlet through the channel, the wind shielding opening is opened by wind power, the wind shielding opening of the air inlet on the other side is opened at the same time, the air inlet filters air through the two layers of filter screens, and finally obstacles on the surface of the transmitting coil are cleaned through the wind power. The control unit 7 can be designed according to the conventional technology, and can use an analog comparison circuit or a singlechip control circuit.
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| JP5494130B2 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2014-05-14 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | VEHICLE CHARGE SUPPORT DEVICE, VEHICLE CHARGE SUPPORT METHOD, AND COMPUTER PROGRAM |
| JP5940784B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2016-06-29 | 国立大学法人埼玉大学 | Non-contact power feeding device for moving objects |
| US10124687B2 (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-11-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Hybrid foreign object detection (FOD) loop array board |
| CN108233498B (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2023-11-07 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Foreign matter detection method in wireless power transmission system and power transmission device |
| CN107248788B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2020-12-22 | 深圳赫兹创新技术有限公司 | Electric vehicle wireless charging system and method for detecting foreign matters by adopting phase-locked loop |
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