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CN108977063A - 纳米复合保温涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

纳米复合保温涂料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108977063A
CN108977063A CN201810792922.9A CN201810792922A CN108977063A CN 108977063 A CN108977063 A CN 108977063A CN 201810792922 A CN201810792922 A CN 201810792922A CN 108977063 A CN108977063 A CN 108977063A
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戴超锋
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Anhui Nuchen New Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种纳米复合保温涂料及其制备方法,按照重量份数计算,包括以下组分:硅树脂乳液20~40份、水性氟碳乳液6~12份、纳米氧化钇5~10份、二氧化硅气凝胶8~16份、改性氧化锆纤维5~10份、纳米珍珠岩12~18份、润湿分散剂1~3份、增稠剂1~3份、消泡剂0.2~1份以及水15~25份;所述改性氧化锆纤维主要由氧化锆纤维与氮化硅改性制备得到。该涂料不仅隔热效果好,而且导热系数低,可以应用于室内隔热。

Description

纳米复合保温涂料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于涂料技术领域,具体涉及一种纳米复合保温涂料及其制备方法。
背景技术
在石油化工、纺织印染、冶金工业等领域的生产中会用到热流传输管道、窑炉、高温阀门、部件等设备,这些管道设备具有较高的温度,需要在进行保温隔热,减少热量损失,同时防止操作人员烫伤。目前常用的保温措施有两种,一种是采用岩棉包裹,外加铁皮的方式,这种保温方式随着时间的增加,岩棉由于重力原因会逐渐下沉,与需保温的部件脱离,失去保温效果。同时这种岩棉加铁皮的保温方式,其导热系数较高,一般都在0.1W/(m·K)以上,保温效率低,保温层很厚。铁皮的包裹受周围环境影响,安装不便,如遇检修,则需要全部拆除后重新包裹。现有的另外一种保温方式是采用硅酸铝保温涂料,目前市场上的产品多采用石棉或岩棉与珍珠岩混合,并加入一些黏接剂制成。这类保温涂料的导热系数高,在0.08-0.1W/(m·K),保温效率低。
常见的涂料在高温条件下容易发生热降解和碳化,使得土层遭到破坏,不能对基材起到保护作用,而耐高温涂料能够保持在高温条件下不脆裂、不与基材剥离、不鼓泡的同时保持一定的理化和机械性能,使得物件能够在高温下免受化学腐蚀、热氧化腐蚀等不良状况的影响。现有建筑隔热涂料其仅仅起到隔热作用,但是对于较高温度比如400℃其自身的耐高温性能差,容易出现涂料脱落等现象。因此,现有的纳米复合保温涂料制约着其在建筑节能领域的应用。
发明内容
本发明提出一种纳米复合保温涂料,该涂料不仅隔热效果好,而且导热系数低,可以应用于室内隔热。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种纳米复合保温涂料,按照重量份数计算,包括以下组分:
硅树脂乳液20~40份、水性氟碳乳液6~12份、纳米氧化钇5~10份、二氧化硅气凝胶8~16份、改性氧化锆纤维5~10份、纳米珍珠岩12~18份、润湿分散剂1~3份、增稠剂1~3份、消泡剂0.2~1份以及水15~25份;所述改性氧化锆纤维主要由氧化锆纤维与氮化硅改性制备得到。
优选地,所述改性氧化锆纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将氧化锆纤维加入二甲亚砜中进行超声分散,得到分散液,然后升温至75~85℃,然后加入硅烷偶联剂与氮化硅,反应6~12h,反应结束后进行干燥即可。
优选地,所述氧化锆纤维与所述氮化硅的质量之比为3~6:1,所述氧化锆纤维与所述硅烷偶联剂的质量之比为18~24:1。
优选地,所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂A-171、硅烷偶联剂KH550或者硅烷偶联剂KH560。
优选地,所述润湿分散剂为丙烯酸铵盐分散剂。
优选地,所述增稠剂是甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素和羟甲基纤维素钠中的一种或多种的混合;所述消泡剂为聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液或矿物油
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种纳米复合保温涂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按照配方量将润湿分散剂、1/2~3/5质量的消泡剂加入水中,在300~500r/min的转速下搅拌充分混合;
2)向步骤1)的混合物中加入二氧化硅气凝胶、改性氧化锆纤维与纳米珍珠岩在1000~2000r/min的转速下分散;
3)向步骤2)的分散液中加入硅树脂乳液、水性氟碳乳液、增稠剂、纳米氧化钇及余下的消泡剂搅拌均匀,即可。
本发明的有益效果:
1)本发明中二氧化硅气凝胶中独特的纳米孔和三维网状结构使其具有极低的导热系数,一方面,纳米孔孔径与声子的平均自由程相近,纳米孔会对声子产生较强的散射作用,降低声子的平均自由程,降低气固耦合的效率,一方面,二氧化硅气凝胶中的纳米孔孔壁会不断的对热辐射进行反射、折射,使辐射传递的热量不断下降,另一方面,二氧化硅气凝胶的孔隙尺寸与空气分子的平均自由程相近,纳米孔内的气体分子往往失去自由流动的能力,使得气孔内处于真空状态,对流传热的效率接近于零,从而起到隔热的作用。
2)然而单独使用二氧化硅气凝胶存在分散效果差,机械强度低于韧性差的问题。本发明通过选择主要由氧化锆纤维与氮化硅改性制备得到的改性氧化锆纤维,其能够提高氧化锆纤维自身韧性的同时,其能够协助二氧化硅气凝胶将纳米粉末与部分软团聚的气凝胶分散开,提高了纳米粉末和二氧化硅气凝胶分散性,进而提高了涂层的强度和气孔率降低了导热系数。
具体实施方式
实施例1
改性氧化锆纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将氧化锆纤维加入二甲亚砜进行超声分散,得到分散液,然后升温至75℃,然后加入硅烷偶联剂A-171与氮化硅,反应12h,反应结束后进行干燥即可。氧化锆纤维与氮化硅的质量之比为3:1,氧化锆纤维与硅烷偶联剂A-171的质量之比为24:1。
实施例2
改性氧化锆纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将氧化锆纤维加入二甲亚砜进行超声分散,得到分散液,然后升温至85℃,然后加入硅烷偶联剂KH560与氮化硅,反应6h,反应结束后进行干燥即可。氧化锆纤维与氮化硅的质量之比为6:1,氧化锆纤维与硅烷偶联剂KH560的质量之比为18:1。
实施例3
一种纳米复合保温涂料,按照重量份数计算,包括以下组分:
硅树脂乳液30份、水性氟碳乳液8份、纳米氧化钇7份、二氧化硅气凝胶12份、实施例1的改性氧化锆纤维8份、纳米珍珠岩15份、丙烯酸铵盐分散剂2份、羟乙基纤维素2份、聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液0.6份以及水20份。
纳米复合保温涂料的制备方法:
1)按照配方量将丙烯酸铵盐分散剂、1/2质量的聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液加入二甲亚砜,在500r/min的转速下搅拌充分混合;
2)向步骤1)的混合物中加入二氧化硅气凝胶、实施例1的改性氧化锆纤维与纳米珍珠岩在1600r/min的转速下分散;
3)向步骤2)的分散液中加入硅树脂乳液、水性氟碳乳液、羟乙基纤维素、纳米氧化钇及余下的聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液搅拌均匀,即可。
实施例4
一种纳米复合保温涂料,按照重量份数计算,包括以下组分:
硅树脂乳液20份、水性氟碳乳液12份、纳米氧化钇5份、二氧化硅气凝胶8份、实施例2的改性氧化锆纤维5份、纳米珍珠岩12份、丙烯酸铵盐分散剂1份、羟甲基纤维素1份、聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液0.2份以及水15份。
纳米复合保温涂料的制备方法:
1)按照配方量将丙烯酸铵盐分散剂、3/5质量的聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液加入二甲亚砜,在400r/min的转速下搅拌充分混合;
2)向步骤1)的混合物中加入二氧化硅气凝胶、实施例2的改性氧化锆纤维与纳米珍珠岩在1000r/min的转速下分散;
3)向步骤2)的分散液中加入硅树脂乳液、水性氟碳乳液、羟甲基纤维素、纳米氧化钇及余下的聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液搅拌均匀,即可。
实施例5
一种纳米复合保温涂料,按照重量份数计算,包括以下组分:
硅树脂乳液40份、水性氟碳乳液6份、纳米氧化钇10份、二氧化硅气凝胶16份、实施例1的改性氧化锆纤维10份、纳米珍珠岩18份、丙烯酸铵盐分散剂3份、羟甲基纤维素3份、矿物油1份以及水25份
纳米复合保温涂料的制备方法:
1)按照配方量将丙烯酸铵盐分散剂、1/2质量的矿物油加入二甲亚砜,在300r/min的转速下搅拌充分混合;
2)向步骤1)的混合物中加入二氧化硅气凝胶、实施例1的改性氧化锆纤维与纳米珍珠岩在2000r/min的转速下分散;
3)向步骤2)的分散液中加入硅树脂乳液、水性氟碳乳液、羟甲基纤维素、纳米氧化钇及余下的矿物油搅拌均匀,即可。
试验例
将实施例3~5的涂料进行性能检测,结果见表1:
表1实施例3~5的纳米复合保温涂料的性能
另外,将实施例3~5提供的涂料涂覆在玻璃上面进行耐温性能测试,涂层厚度为4.0mm,热面温度为600℃,实施例3~5的涂料背面温度为160~170℃。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种纳米复合保温涂料,其特征在于,按照重量份数计算,包括以下组分:
硅树脂乳液20~40份、水性氟碳乳液6~12份、纳米氧化钇5~10份、二氧化硅气凝胶8~16份、改性氧化锆纤维5~10份、纳米珍珠岩12~18份、润湿分散剂1~3份、增稠剂1~3份、消泡剂0.2~1份以及水15~25份;所述改性氧化锆纤维主要由氧化锆纤维与氮化硅改性制备得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纳米复合保温涂料,其特征在于,所述改性氧化锆纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将氧化锆纤维加入二甲亚砜中进行超声分散,得到分散液,然后升温至75~85℃,然后加入硅烷偶联剂与氮化硅,反应6~12h,反应结束后进行干燥即可。
3.根据权利要求2所述的纳米复合保温涂料,其特征在于,所述氧化锆纤维与所述氮化硅的质量之比为3~6:1,所述氧化锆纤维与所述硅烷偶联剂的质量之比为18~24:1。
4.根据权利要求2所述的纳米复合保温涂料,其特征在于,所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂A-171、硅烷偶联剂KH550或者硅烷偶联剂KH560。
5.根据权利要求1所述的纳米复合保温涂料,其特征在于,所述润湿分散剂为丙烯酸铵盐分散剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的纳米复合保温涂料,其特征在于,所述增稠剂是甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素和羟甲基纤维素钠中的一种或多种的混合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的纳米复合保温涂料,其特征在于,所述消泡剂为聚二甲基硅氧烷溶液或矿物油。
8.如权利要求1所述的纳米复合保温涂料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)按照配方量将润湿分散剂、1/2~3/5质量的消泡剂加入水中,在300~500r/min的转速下搅拌充分混合;
2)向步骤1)的混合物中加入二氧化硅气凝胶、改性氧化锆纤维与纳米珍珠岩在1000~2000r/min的转速下分散;
3)向步骤2)的分散液中加入硅树脂乳液、水性氟碳乳液、增稠剂、纳米氧化钇及余下的消泡剂搅拌均匀,即可。
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Application publication date: 20181211