CN108967120A - A kind of alien earth sparging base material mixture and preparation method thereof for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope - Google Patents
A kind of alien earth sparging base material mixture and preparation method thereof for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108967120A CN108967120A CN201810746509.9A CN201810746509A CN108967120A CN 108967120 A CN108967120 A CN 108967120A CN 201810746509 A CN201810746509 A CN 201810746509A CN 108967120 A CN108967120 A CN 108967120A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- base material
- material mixture
- mixture
- water
- steam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The alien earth sparging base material mixture and preparation method thereof that the present invention relates to a kind of for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope, the bottom substrate mixture in the base material mixture include water and planting soil, steam puffed stalk fiber, primary crushed straw aggregate, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer；Surface layer base material mixture includes water, vegetable seeds and planting soil, steam puffed stalk fiber, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer；Steam puffed stalk fiber is that dry wheat straw is taken to cut off, and takes out after being soaked in water and extrusion dehydration, steam blasting are made.The present invention gathers materials on the spot, sufficiently recycling agricultural wastes, at low cost；The biomass-based gunk-squeeze process generated using steam puffed stalk fiber, eliminates cement and other chemical classes binders；Decomposed mushroom bran acts synergistically as biological organic fertilizer and stalk fibre, does not need that the chemical reagent such as water-retaining agent, soil conditioner additionally are added；Slope plant can be promoted to cover at level ground within a short period of time, restore slope ecological, prevent erosion, form good protecting slope ecology effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope technical fields, and in particular to a kind of for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope
Alien earth sparging base material mixture also relates to a kind of preparation method of alien earth sparging base material mixture.
Background technique
With China's rapid development of economy, passenger and freight transportation demand is sharply increased, and in order to alleviate transport pressure, promotes region
It exchanges and merges construction, road and rail network construction is more accelerated, and more and more gos deep into hills and mountain area.In mountain area and mound
Mound area carries out needing to excavate Rock And Soil when road and rail construction, generates a large amount of bare side sloping, this has not only broken up Proterozoic
Looks have blocked the continuity of Regional Hydrologic, affect the local ecosystem, and easily cause the soil erosion, collapsing, landslide
And the disasters such as mud-rock flow, influence road and traffic safety.Therefore, it is necessary in road and rail design and construction side slope carry out
Necessary improvement and protection.
The slope of highway of early stage mostly uses engineering protection measure, improves side slope so that building stones, sand, cement etc. are main material
Stability, such as cement mortar smear reality, concrete spraying slope protection, prefabricated hexagonal cement brick, mortar flag stone, anchor and spray net technology,
Molding is fast, intensity is high, and early stage protection effect is good.But there is problems in that on the one hand, this kind of protection face is unable to growing plant,
It can not restore local area ecological, visual impression public errand；On the other hand, protective materials and construction cost are high, and material therefor durability is poor,
Wind and frost sleet corrode and difference variation under the influence of, the case where later period will appear slope surface weathering, strength reduction, destroy again, protection
Service life, long and maintenance cost was not high.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, protecting slope ecology technology is come into being, the soil environment for constructing slope surface meets plant
Growth, and the protection on side slope surface layer is realized in interaction between plant (root system reinforced action) and rock, the soil body, greatly reduces side
Slope surface erosion, such technology can not only maintain side slope surface layer stability, and being capable of fast quick-recovery vegetation and ecological environment.
Protecting slope ecology technology mainly has alien earth sparging protection, hydraulic sowing grass seeds by duster protection, three-dimension vegetative net protection etc., wherein soil moved in improve the original spray
Broadcast guard technology and be after mix with the health material by processing with vegetable seeds, local high-quality soil, add nutritional agents,
Soil moved in improve the original is made in binder and soil stabilizer, is uniformly sprayed in slope surface and is formed by the way of linked network injection by hydroseeder
Certain thickness, to realize the protection and greening to bare side sloping.
Alien earth sparging base material mixture is the key that alien earth sparging guard technology, and main function is to guarantee that slope surface sows grass seeds by duster
The stabilization of layer under the premise of improving anti-rain erosion ability, provides a relatively good moisture, nutrient ring for plant growth
Border.Whether the reasonable mixture ratio of components of alien earth sparging base material mixture, the success or failure of Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope measure are directly determined.
The existing raw materials used component of alien earth sparging base material mixture is multifarious, and there are problems, such as: some uses turfy soil
(or peat soil) is used as organic matter, although being capable of providing the rich in nutrients of plant growth needs, turfy soil is one
Kind is difficult the natural resources of regenerated preciousness, and needs to transport for long-distance from the place of production to construction ground, at high cost, is not suitable for making on a large scale
With；Some using a large amount of flyash, clinker or iron tailings as admixture, although the solid of some industrial and mining enterprises can be consumed
Waste, but these inorganic solid wastes are difficult to be utilized by plant for side slope protection, can also improve base material mixture
PH value, generate the case where burn seedlings and soil property deteriorate；Use cement or high molecular polymer also changes base as adhesive
The pH value and physico-chemical property of material mixture need additionally to add pH adjusting agent, soil conditioner, granule agent etc., using more
Chemical substance cannot be decomposed in nature, remain in soil and increase environmental pressure, and is at high cost, long-term ecological protection effect
Fruit is general, is not suitable for large-scale promotion and uses.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of alien earth sparging base material mixtures for highway slope protection, recycle agriculture
Industry waste, reduces the use of chemical substance, and protecting slope ecology effect is good.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned alien earth sparging base material mixture.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of alien earth sparging base material mixture for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope, including bottom substrate mixture and surface layer
Base material mixture；
The bottom substrate mixture includes the component of water and following parts by weight: 100 parts of planting soil, steam puffed stalk fiber
40-45 parts, it is crushed straw aggregate 15-20 parts primary, mushroom bran 35-40 parts, compound fertilizer 0.26-0.28 parts decomposed；The bottom substrate is mixed
The water content for closing object is 60%-65%；
The surface layer base material mixture includes the component of water, vegetable seeds and following parts by weight: 100 parts of planting soil, vapour
Quick-fried stalk fibre 50-55 parts, it is mushroom bran 45-50 parts, compound fertilizer 0.22-0.24 parts decomposed；The surface layer base material mixture it is aqueous
Amount is 55%-60%；
Wherein, the steam puffed stalk fiber is prepared by following methods: taking dry wheat straw to be cut to length is 8-15mm,
It is soaked in water after 12-16h and takes out and extrusion dehydration, obtain wheat straw softening material；Gained wheat straw softening material is placed in steam blasting device
Middle carry out steam blasting, vapor (steam) temperature are 210-220 DEG C, burst pressure 3.0-3.5MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 4.0-5.0min and unload
Material is extruded, steam puffed stalk fiber is obtained.
The thickness ratio of sowing grass seeds by duster of the bottom substrate mixture and surface layer base material mixture is (2-3): 1.
The planting soil is construction of the highway building site ground surface soil, partial size≤10mm, water content≤20%.
The primary crushed straw aggregate is prepared by following methods: taking dry wheat straw to be cut to length is 8-15mm, uses water
Impregnate 12-16h after take out and extrusion dehydration, until moisture content be 40%-45% to get.
The decomposed mushroom bran is prepared by method comprising the following steps:
1) edible fungus bran is broken up into crushing, is (85-90): (10-15) according to the mass ratio of edible fungus bran and wheat bran
Ratio be mixed with solid mixture；It is (25-28) with the C/N that urea adjusts solid mixture: 1；Adjust solid mixture
Water content be 60%-65%；
2) mixed bacteria is seeded in step 1) obtained solid mixture according to the inoculum concentration of 0.8%-1.0%, initially
30-35 DEG C of temperature, initial pH value 6.5-7.5, to decomposed, it is 28%- that product, which is air-dried to water content, for compost fermentation 20-22 days
30%, obtain decomposed mushroom bran.
In step 1), the edible fungus bran is needle mushroom mushroom bran.Timely turning in composting fermentation process controls in heap body
Portion's temperature is no more than 60 DEG C.
In step 2), the mixed bacteria is the strain mixture of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and brewer's yeast；Mixing
Viable count in strain is not less than 109cfu/g.In the mixed bacteria, the work of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and brewer's yeast
Bacterium number ratio is 1.0:(0.2-0.4): (2.0-3.0).
In the surface layer base material mixture, seed surface density is 30-40g/ after the dosage of vegetable seeds meets alien earth sparging
m2；The vegetable seeds is that the mass ratio of herbaceous plant and shrub seeds is (6-7): the mixture of (3-4).
The herbaceous plant be English ryegrass, Festuca Arundinacea, lyme grass, pale reddish brown lucerne place, awnless brome, alkali thatch, wheatgrass,
Any two kinds or more of mixture in herba setariae viridis, Bermuda grass.The shrub is false indigo, mountain green soy bean, caragana microphylla, Chinese tamarisk, Chinese holly
Any one in Qi, caragana or above mixture.
In the bottom substrate mixture, steam puffed stalk fiber, primary crushed straw aggregate, decomposed mushroom bran gross mass and plantation
The mass ratio of soil is 1:1；In the surface layer base material mixture, steam puffed stalk fiber, the gross mass of decomposed mushroom bran and planting soil
Mass ratio is 1:1.
The preparation method of above-mentioned alien earth sparging base material mixture, comprising: take 50-60 DEG C of steam puffed stalk fiber and plantation
Native, primary crushed straw aggregate, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer mix in proportion, and adjustment content of water in system is 60%-65% and is cooled to room
Temperature is to get bottom substrate mixture；
50-60 DEG C of steam puffed stalk fiber is taken to mix in proportion with planting soil, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer, adjustment system contains
After water is 55%-60% and is cooled to room temperature, admixes vegetable seeds and be uniformly mixed to get surface layer base material mixture.
In alien earth sparging base material mixture of the invention, bottom substrate mixture and surface layer base material mixture are mixed largely
Steam puffed stalk fiber, which after inundated intenerating, is placed in steam blasting device using drying wheat straw as raw material
Steam blasting is carried out, crushed straw aggregate is quickly heated up to set temperature by steam, and water vapour scattering and permeating enters stalk fibre under high pressure
It ties up in cell wall, at the end since pressure discharges suddenly, temperature quickly reduces, explosion, stalk occur for the stalk fibre of wetting
Fiber while separating refinement, degrade by cellulose, hemicellulose in stalk fibre, and glucide and acid increase
Add, macromolecular glucide is decomposed into small molecule carbohydrate, and the life of similar adhesive is formed with the lignin being activated in stalk fibre
Substance is attached to the surface of stalk fibre.These gunk-squeeze process serve as the biomass-based binder of base material mixture, itself is
Through being attached to the surface of stalk fibre, it is easy dispersion with fibrous material in base material mixture, soil is adhered in mixed process
And other materials makes soil and fibrous material form good, stepped crumb structure, does not need to make using fiber as skeleton
With cement or the binder of other chemical classes, that is, base material mixture may make to be cemented to biggish granule, good crumb structure
Hole ratio pore structure appropriate can be formed, the permeability and corrosion resistance of soil can not only be improved, moreover it is possible to coordinate moisture
And air, the channel of venting and water permeable is formed, plant growth and development is promoted.The gunk-squeeze process that steam puffed stalk fiber generates is biomass
Based binder can gradually be degraded by microorganisms into the nutrient conducive to plant absorption after alien earth sparging, not will cause environmental pressure.
In alien earth sparging base material mixture of the invention, bottom substrate mixture and surface layer base material mixture are mixed largely
Decomposed mushroom bran, there is decomposed mushroom bran loose fibre structure containing a large amount of organic matter and microorganism to play biological organic fertilizer
Effect；On the one hand the content of organic matter of soil is dramatically increased, microelement needed for plant is provided, the nutrition in decomposed mushroom bran
Element is slow release in the soil, improves the fertility and long-term fertilizer efficiency of base material mixture；On the other hand, big in decomposed mushroom bran
The enzyme of amount and microorganism, after being mixed with other raw materials, in steam puffed stalk fiber under the action of gunk-squeeze process, base material mixture
Crumb structure is formed, the two combines, and oxygen supply is sufficient between granule, and growth of aerobic microorganisms breeding, activity are vigorous, promotes
Organic matter fast decoupled in granule surface fibre material is converted into fertility；Granule internal gas does not circulate, and microbial activities is few,
Be conducive to the storage and slow release of nutrient.
In alien earth sparging base material mixture of the invention, it is fine that bottom substrate mixture is also mixed with a small amount of primary stalk
Dimension further increases the porosity of bottom substrate mixture, on the one hand can conserve more moisture, improves water holding capacity；It is another
Aspect constructs more venting and water permeable channels, can faster will be extra so that alien earth sparging substrate layer is when encountering heavy rainfall
Rainwater discharge prevents rainwater collecting from washing away forming face erosion or rill erosion, and slope surface is avoided a wide range of substrate displacement and soil erosion occur.
Alien earth sparging base material mixture of the invention is 50-60 DEG C when steam puffed stalk fiber is cooled to temperature in the preparation
When, it is mixed immediately with other materials, in this temperature range, the gunk-squeeze process in steam puffed stalk fiber is under steam effect
In semi-solid preparation, half flow regime, cementing property is good, mixes with other materials and is more likely formed good crumb structure；Such as temperature mistake
Low gunk-squeeze process condensation, cementing granule is too small, if temperature is excessively high, can reduce in planting soil in indigenous microorganisms and decomposed mushroom bran
The activity of microorganism.
The present invention, for main fibrous material, is aided with primary stalk fibre with steam puffed stalk fiber, decomposed mushroom bran, sufficiently recycles
Using agricultural wastes, gathers materials on the spot and prepare soil moved in improve the original base material mixture, it is at low cost；The biomass generated using steam puffed stalk fiber
Base gunk-squeeze process eliminates cement or the binder of other chemical classes, and it is not degradable to solve existing binder, causes environment volume
The problem of outer burden；The synergistic effect of the biological organic fertilizer and stalk fibre that are provided due to decomposed mushroom bran, gained soil moved in improve the original substrate are mixed
Closing object has good retain water and nutrients ability, fertilizer efficiency slow release, and conditioning soil property makes it suitable for plant growth, do not need volume
The chemical reagent such as outer addition water-retaining agent, soil conditioner；It only needs using minimal amount of compound fertilizer, at the initial stage of plant germination and growth
Give enough fertilizer efficiency, slope plant can be promoted to cover at level ground within a short period of time, restores slope ecological, root system of plant is firmly
Latching side slope soil, prevent erosion, form good protecting slope ecology effect.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further With reference to embodiment.
In specific embodiment, planting soil used is construction of the highway building site ground surface soil, uses preceding progress break process and sieve
Point, make its partial size≤10mm, water content≤20%.Dry wheat straw used is purchased from local peasant household, moisture content 15%-20%.
Compound fertilizer used is the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer that commercially available N-P-K content is respectively 15-15-15, total nutrient >=45%.
In specific embodiment, needle mushroom mushroom bran used is purchased from certain Edible Fungi enterprise, corresponding original needle mushroom training
The solid group for supporting base becomes (by weight percentage): corncob 45%, rice bran 34%, wheat bran 5%, cotton seed hulls 15%, carbonic acid
Calcium 1%；Moisture content in medium 65%-70%.Culture medium for golden mushroom is discarded after harvesting four batches of mushrooms as mushroom bran.
In specific embodiment, the mixed bacteria is the mixed bacteria of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and brewer's yeast,
Viable count in mixed bacteria is (1.5-2.0) × 109cfu/g；In mixed bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and beer
The viable count ratio of yeast is 1:0.3:2.Mixed bacteria is prepared using active microbe powder, bacteria used thereby powder is commercial goods；Withered grass
Effective viable bacteria of bacillus bacterium powder is 5 × 109cfu/g；500,000,000 cfu/g of spore content of black-koji mould powder；Beer yeast powder
Effective viable bacteria is 3 × 109cfu/g.Commercially available bacterium powder activity is higher, reuses after dilution as needed.
Embodiment 1
The alien earth sparging base material mixture for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope of the present embodiment, including bottom substrate mixture
With surface layer base material mixture；
The bottom substrate mixture includes the component of water and following parts by weight: 100 parts of planting soil, steam puffed stalk fiber
40 parts, 20 parts of primary crushed straw aggregate, 40 parts of decomposed mushroom bran, 0.26 part of compound fertilizer；The water content of the bottom substrate mixture is
60%；
The surface layer base material mixture includes the component of water, vegetable seeds and following parts by weight: 100 parts of planting soil, vapour
50 parts of quick-fried stalk fibre, 50 parts of decomposed mushroom bran, 0.22 part of compound fertilizer；The water content of the surface layer base material mixture is 55%.
In the surface layer base material mixture, seed surface density is 30g/m after the dosage of vegetable seeds meets alien earth sparging2；
The vegetable seeds is the mixture that the mass ratio of herbaceous plant and shrub seeds is 6:4.
The preparation method of the alien earth sparging base material mixture of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
One, it stocks up:
1. preparing decomposed mushroom bran:
1) needle mushroom mushroom bran is broken up and is crushed to of length no more than 10mm, the mass ratio according to edible fungus bran and wheat bran is
The ratio of 85:15 is mixed with solid mixture；The C/N that solid mixture is adjusted with urea is 25:1；Adjust solid mixture
Water content be 60%；
2) mixed bacteria is seeded in step 1) obtained solid mixture according to 0.8% inoculum concentration, after mixing
5m × 2m × 1.2m heap body is made and carries out compost fermentation, 32 DEG C of initial temperature, initial pH value 7.0, in composting fermentation process
Timely turning, control heap body internal temperature are no more than 60 DEG C, and product is air-dried to water content and be to decomposed by compost fermentation 20 days
28%, obtain decomposed mushroom bran.
2. preparing primary crushed straw aggregate: taking dry wheat straw to be cut to length is 8-15mm, takes out and squeezes after the 16h that is soaked in water
Press-dehydrating obtains primary crushed straw aggregate until moisture content is 45%.
3. preparing steam puffed stalk fiber: taking dry wheat straw to be cut to length is 8-15mm, takes out and squeezes after the 16h that is soaked in water
Press-dehydrating obtains wheat straw softening material until moisture content is 45%；Gained wheat straw softening material is placed in steam blasting device and carries out steam
Explosion, vapor (steam) temperature are 210 DEG C, burst pressure 3.5MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 4.0min, and release discharging is cooled to 50 DEG C, obtains vapour
Quick-fried stalk fibre.
Two, it mixes:
50 DEG C of steam puffed stalk fiber is taken to mix in proportion with planting soil, primary crushed straw aggregate, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer,
Adjustment content of water in system is 60% and is cooled to room temperature to get bottom substrate mixture；
It takes 50 DEG C of steam puffed stalk fiber to mix in proportion with planting soil, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer, adjusts content of water in system
It is 55% and after being cooled to room temperature, admixes vegetable seeds and be uniformly mixed to get surface layer base material mixture.
The alien earth sparging base material mixture of the present embodiment is being sowed grass seeds by duster in use, the bottom substrate mixture and surface layer substrate
The thickness ratio of sowing grass seeds by duster of mixture is 2:1.
Embodiment 2
The alien earth sparging base material mixture for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope of the present embodiment, including bottom substrate mixture
With surface layer base material mixture；
The bottom substrate mixture includes the component of water and following parts by weight: 100 parts of planting soil, steam puffed stalk fiber
45 parts, 20 parts of primary crushed straw aggregate, 35 parts of decomposed mushroom bran, 0.27 part of compound fertilizer；The water content of the bottom substrate mixture is
63%；
The surface layer base material mixture includes the component of water, vegetable seeds and following parts by weight: 100 parts of planting soil, vapour
55 parts of quick-fried stalk fibre, 45 parts of decomposed mushroom bran, 0.23 part of compound fertilizer；The water content of the surface layer base material mixture is 58%.
In the surface layer base material mixture, seed surface density is 40g/m after the dosage of vegetable seeds meets alien earth sparging2；
The vegetable seeds is the mixture that the mass ratio of herbaceous plant and shrub seeds is 6.5:3.5.
The preparation method of the alien earth sparging base material mixture of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
One, it stocks up:
1. preparing decomposed mushroom bran:
1) needle mushroom mushroom bran is broken up into crushing, is mixed according to the ratio that the mass ratio of edible fungus bran and wheat bran is 90:10
Prepare solid mixture；The C/N that solid mixture is adjusted with urea is 28:1；The water content for adjusting solid mixture is 63%；
2) mixed bacteria is seeded in step 1) obtained solid mixture according to 0.9% inoculum concentration, after mixing
5m × 2m × 1.2m heap body is made and carries out compost fermentation, 35 DEG C of initial temperature, initial pH value 6.8, in composting fermentation process
Timely turning, control heap body internal temperature are no more than 60 DEG C, and product is air-dried to water content and be to decomposed by compost fermentation 21 days
29%, obtain decomposed mushroom bran.
2. preparing primary crushed straw aggregate: taking dry wheat straw to be cut to length is 8-15mm, takes out and squeezes after the 15h that is soaked in water
Press-dehydrating obtains primary crushed straw aggregate until moisture content is 44%.
3. preparing steam puffed stalk fiber: taking dry wheat straw to be cut to length is 8-15mm, takes out and squeezes after the 15h that is soaked in water
Press-dehydrating obtains wheat straw softening material until moisture content is 43%；Gained wheat straw softening material is placed in steam blasting device and carries out steam
Explosion, vapor (steam) temperature are 220 DEG C, burst pressure 3.0MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 4.5min, and release discharging is cooled to 55 DEG C, obtains vapour
Quick-fried stalk fibre.
Two, it mixes:
55 DEG C of steam puffed stalk fiber is taken to mix in proportion with planting soil, primary crushed straw aggregate, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer,
Adjustment content of water in system is 63% and is cooled to room temperature to get bottom substrate mixture；
It takes 55 DEG C of steam puffed stalk fiber to mix in proportion with planting soil, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer, adjusts content of water in system
It is 58% and after being cooled to room temperature, admixes vegetable seeds and be uniformly mixed to get surface layer base material mixture.
The alien earth sparging base material mixture of the present embodiment is being sowed grass seeds by duster in use, the bottom substrate mixture and surface layer substrate
The thickness ratio of sowing grass seeds by duster of mixture is 2:1.
Embodiment 3
The alien earth sparging base material mixture for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope of the present embodiment, including bottom substrate mixture
With surface layer base material mixture；
The bottom substrate mixture includes the component of water and following parts by weight: 100 parts of planting soil, steam puffed stalk fiber
45 parts, 15 parts of primary crushed straw aggregate, 40 parts of decomposed mushroom bran, 0.28 part of compound fertilizer；The water content of the bottom substrate mixture is
65%；
The surface layer base material mixture includes the component of water, vegetable seeds and following parts by weight: 100 parts of planting soil, vapour
53 parts of quick-fried stalk fibre, 47 parts of decomposed mushroom bran, 0.24 part of compound fertilizer；The water content of the surface layer base material mixture is 60%.
In the surface layer base material mixture, seed surface density is 35g/m after the dosage of vegetable seeds meets alien earth sparging2；
The vegetable seeds is the mixture that the mass ratio of herbaceous plant and shrub seeds is 7:3.
The preparation method of the alien earth sparging base material mixture of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
One, it stocks up:
1. preparing decomposed mushroom bran:
1) needle mushroom mushroom bran is broken up into crushing, is mixed according to the ratio that the mass ratio of edible fungus bran and wheat bran is 88:12
Prepare solid mixture；The C/N that solid mixture is adjusted with urea is 26:1；The water content for adjusting solid mixture is 65%；
2) mixed bacteria is seeded in step 1) obtained solid mixture according to 1.0% inoculum concentration, after mixing
5m × 2m × 1.2m heap body is made and carries out compost fermentation, 30 DEG C of initial temperature, initial pH value 6.5, in composting fermentation process
Timely turning, control heap body internal temperature are no more than 60 DEG C, and product is air-dried to water content and be to decomposed by compost fermentation 22 days
30%, obtain decomposed mushroom bran.
2. preparing primary crushed straw aggregate: taking dry wheat straw to be cut to length is 8-15mm, takes out and squeezes after the 12h that is soaked in water
Press-dehydrating obtains primary crushed straw aggregate until moisture content is 40%.
3. preparing steam puffed stalk fiber: taking dry wheat straw to be cut to length is 8-15mm, takes out and squeezes after the 12h that is soaked in water
Press-dehydrating obtains wheat straw softening material until moisture content is 40%；Gained wheat straw softening material is placed in steam blasting device and carries out steam
Explosion, vapor (steam) temperature are 215 DEG C, burst pressure 3.3MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 5.0min, and release discharging is cooled to 60 DEG C, obtains vapour
Quick-fried stalk fibre.
Two, it mixes:
60 DEG C of steam puffed stalk fiber is taken to mix in proportion with planting soil, primary crushed straw aggregate, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer,
Adjustment content of water in system is 65% and is cooled to room temperature to get bottom substrate mixture；
It takes 60 DEG C of steam puffed stalk fiber to mix in proportion with planting soil, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer, adjusts content of water in system
It is 60% and after being cooled to room temperature, admixes vegetable seeds and be uniformly mixed to get surface layer base material mixture.
The alien earth sparging base material mixture of the present embodiment is being sowed grass seeds by duster in use, the bottom substrate mixture and surface layer substrate
The thickness ratio of sowing grass seeds by duster of mixture is 2:1.
Experimental example
This experimental example detects the physicochemical property of alien earth sparging base material mixture obtained by embodiment 1-3；Meanwhile on mound
Mound area chooses the uniform slope surface of the gradient and simulates side slope (ratio of slope 1:1.2), and the area of every piece of simulation side slope is 2m × 2m, respectively
The service performance of alien earth sparging base material mixture obtained by embodiment 1-3 is detected, 3 repetitions, testing result is arranged in each experimental example
It is averaged.Control group is that vegetable seeds is directly sowed on planting soil.Experimental result is as shown in table 1.
Wherein, planting soil used is primary exposed ground surface soil (sandy loam) near experiment slope surface, soil weight 1.50g/
cm3, pH value 8.29.Compare for convenience, herbaceous plant used chooses Festuca Arundinacea and pale reddish brown lucerne place, and seed quality ratio is 1:1；Institute
False indigo is chosen with shrub；The mass ratio of herbaceous plant and shrub seeds is 7:3.Bottom substrate mixture sow grass seeds by duster with a thickness of
8cm, surface layer base material mixture are sowed grass seeds by duster with a thickness of 4cm；Seed surface density is after the dosage of vegetable seeds meets alien earth sparging
30g/m2.Experiment carries out alien earth sparging in March, 2017, covers non-woven fabrics, is periodically conserved (watering 1 time, 30 days daily
Natural curing afterwards, no longer artificial watering).
In table 1, the soil weight, pH value detected immediately for the same day after alien earth sparging；Soil aggregate structure, is satisfied at soil hardness
(plant species seed cell used is measured after throwing off non-woven fabrics after being alien earth sparging 15d with water content, field capacity, plant germination rate
The average survival of interior test is 85%, perfect condition).Collecting tank is arranged in every piece of simulation side slope bottom, collects with rain water runoff
Material, the material of loss during soil erosion amount is 90d experiment accounts for the percentage of total material, there is four field strength drop during experiment
Rain.
The performance test results of alien earth sparging base material mixture obtained by 1 embodiment 1-3 of table
As it can be seen from table 1 the bulk density of alien earth sparging base material mixture obtained by embodiment 1-3 is in 740-746g/cm3It
Between, the half of about former topsoil is light, meets the requirement of alien earth sparging；PH value is 7.30 hereinafter, to improve original position soil inclined
The property of alkalinity, more meets the demand of plant growth；Crumb structure is good, granule degree (granularity be not less than 1mm) reached 95% with
On, granularity > 5mm granule reaches 70% or more, greatly improves the loose no configuration state of sandy loam；Hardness is moderate, protects
It holds between 15-17mm, is suitble to plant germination growth and non-lodging.Alien earth sparging base material mixture moisture holding capacity of the invention
By force, saturation moisture content reaches 60% or more, and field capacity is not less than 43%, has stronger water holding capacity, table during experiment
Face no cracking；Plant survival rate is high, and survival rate of the vegetable seeds in field trial slope surface reaches reason close to indoor perfect condition
It is thought of as 98% or more of motility rate；Rate of vegetation is high and coverage speed is fast, just can reach within two months the covering of slope surface 100%；Soil
Erosion amount is few, rain erosion rate is low, when rate of vegetation reaches 100%, relative to control group, and alien earth sparging base of the invention
Material mixture is under heavy rainfall effect, and Soil Slope structure is without big breakoff phenomenon, and for soil without large range displacement, there is no tight
The phenomenon of soil erosion of weight illustrates that alien earth sparging base material mixture of the invention has good ability to resist splash erosion.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of alien earth sparging base material mixture for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope, it is characterised in that: mixed including bottom substrate
Close object and surface layer base material mixture；
The bottom substrate mixture includes the component of water and following parts by weight: 100 parts of planting soil, steam puffed stalk fiber 40-
45 parts, it is crushed straw aggregate 15-20 parts primary, mushroom bran 35-40 parts, compound fertilizer 0.26-0.28 parts decomposed；The bottom substrate mixture
Water content be 60%-65%；
The surface layer base material mixture includes the component of water, vegetable seeds and following parts by weight: 100 parts of planting soil, steam explosion straw
It is 50-55 parts of stalk fiber, mushroom bran 45-50 parts, compound fertilizer 0.22-0.24 parts decomposed；The water content of the surface layer base material mixture is
55%-60%；
Wherein, the steam puffed stalk fiber is prepared by following methods: taking dry wheat straw to be cut to length is 8-15mm, uses water
Simultaneously extrusion dehydration is taken out after impregnating 12-16h, obtains wheat straw softening material；By gained wheat straw softening material be placed in steam blasting device into
Row steam blasting, vapor (steam) temperature are 210-220 DEG C, burst pressure 3.0-3.5MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 4.0-5.0min and unload extrusion
Material, obtains steam puffed stalk fiber.
2. alien earth sparging base material mixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bottom substrate mixture and table
The thickness ratio of sowing grass seeds by duster of layer base material mixture is (2-3): 1.
3. alien earth sparging base material mixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the primary crushed straw aggregate be by with
The preparation of lower section method: taking dry wheat straw to be cut to length is 8-15mm, simultaneously extrusion dehydration is taken out after the 12-16h that is soaked in water, until containing
Water rate be 40%-45% to get.
4. alien earth sparging base material mixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the decomposed mushroom bran be by include with
The method preparation of lower step:
1) edible fungus bran is broken up into crushing, is (85-90): the ratio of (10-15) according to the mass ratio of edible fungus bran and wheat bran
Example is mixed with solid mixture；It is (25-28) with the C/N that urea adjusts solid mixture: 1；Adjustment solid mixture contains
Water is 60%-65%；
2) mixed bacteria is seeded in step 1) obtained solid mixture according to the inoculum concentration of 0.8%-1.0%, initial temperature
30-35 DEG C, initial pH value 6.5-7.5, to decomposed, it is 28%- that product, which is air-dried to water content, for compost fermentation 20-22 days
30%, obtain decomposed mushroom bran.
5. alien earth sparging base material mixture according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in step 2), the mixed bacteria
For the strain mixture of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and brewer's yeast；Viable count in mixed bacteria is not less than 109cfu/g。
6. alien earth sparging base material mixture according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in the mixed bacteria, withered grass bud
The viable count ratio of spore bacillus, aspergillus niger and brewer's yeast is 1.0:(0.2-0.4): (2.0-3.0).
7. alien earth sparging base material mixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the surface layer base material mixture,
Seed surface density is 30-40g/m after the dosage of vegetable seeds meets alien earth sparging2；The vegetable seeds is herbaceous plant and fills
The mass ratio of the wooden seed is (6-7): the mixture of (3-4).
8. alien earth sparging base material mixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the bottom substrate mixture,
Steam puffed stalk fiber, primary crushed straw aggregate, the gross mass of decomposed mushroom bran and planting soil mass ratio be 1:1；The surface layer substrate
In mixture, the mass ratio of steam puffed stalk fiber, the gross mass of decomposed mushroom bran and planting soil is 1:1.
9. a kind of preparation method of such as alien earth sparging base material mixture of any of claims 1-8, it is characterised in that:
It include: that 50-60 DEG C of steam puffed stalk fiber is taken to mix in proportion with planting soil, primary crushed straw aggregate, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer,
Adjustment content of water in system is 60%-65% and is cooled to room temperature to get bottom substrate mixture；
It takes 50-60 DEG C of steam puffed stalk fiber to mix in proportion with planting soil, decomposed mushroom bran, compound fertilizer, adjusts content of water in system
For 55%-60% and after being cooled to room temperature, admixes vegetable seeds and be uniformly mixed to get surface layer base material mixture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810746509.9A CN108967120A (en) | 2018-07-09 | 2018-07-09 | A kind of alien earth sparging base material mixture and preparation method thereof for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810746509.9A CN108967120A (en) | 2018-07-09 | 2018-07-09 | A kind of alien earth sparging base material mixture and preparation method thereof for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108967120A true CN108967120A (en) | 2018-12-11 |
Family
ID=64536577
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810746509.9A Pending CN108967120A (en) | 2018-07-09 | 2018-07-09 | A kind of alien earth sparging base material mixture and preparation method thereof for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108967120A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110463414A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-19 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | A kind of steam heating hydroseeder and method of sowing grass seeds by duster |
| CN110463565A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-19 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | A kind of thermal jet broadcasts matrix and its application method |
| CN112544159A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-26 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | Slope foreign soil spray-seeding construction method based on waste bacterium covering soil |
| CN113773843A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-10 | 北京航天恒丰科技股份有限公司 | Slope protection composition based on microbial curing and application thereof |
| CN115651666A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-01-31 | 宁夏回族自治区草原工作站 | Reseeding seed dressing agent for ecological restoration of desert grasslands and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115926803A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-04-07 | 北京中兵岩土工程有限公司 | An environment-friendly preparation for preventing and controlling slope water and soil loss and its preparation method |
| CN116508612A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-08-01 | 甘肃省科学院地质自然灾害防治研究所 | Ecological restoration functional multi-layer plant-growing substrate for high steep rock slope |
| CN116854400A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-10-10 | 三峡大学 | A preparation method for porous habitat substrate used to balance slope runoff and infiltration |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101254999A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2008-09-03 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Preparation of Vegetable Tape Carrier by Steam Explosion Crushed Straw Solid-state Fermentation |
| CN103358381A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2013-10-23 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for producing steam exploded stalk binder-less artificial boards by alkali process |
| CN104871675A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-09-02 | 中山大学 | Improved soil for slope greening spray seeding and preparation method of improved soil |
| CN106801423A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-06-06 | 唐山市燕大生态治污科技有限公司 | Side slope spraying and seeding afforesting matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN107268645A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-10-20 | 李建州 | A kind of construction method of alien earth sparging base material and Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope |
| CN108249966A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-07-06 | 魏浩峰 | A kind of protecting slope ecology alien earth sparging base material and base material mixture |
-
2018
- 2018-07-09 CN CN201810746509.9A patent/CN108967120A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101254999A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2008-09-03 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Preparation of Vegetable Tape Carrier by Steam Explosion Crushed Straw Solid-state Fermentation |
| CN103358381A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2013-10-23 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for producing steam exploded stalk binder-less artificial boards by alkali process |
| CN104871675A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-09-02 | 中山大学 | Improved soil for slope greening spray seeding and preparation method of improved soil |
| CN106801423A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-06-06 | 唐山市燕大生态治污科技有限公司 | Side slope spraying and seeding afforesting matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN107268645A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-10-20 | 李建州 | A kind of construction method of alien earth sparging base material and Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope |
| CN108249966A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-07-06 | 魏浩峰 | A kind of protecting slope ecology alien earth sparging base material and base material mixture |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈洪章: "《纤维素生物技术》", 28 February 2011, 北京：化学出版社 * |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110463414A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-19 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | A kind of steam heating hydroseeder and method of sowing grass seeds by duster |
| CN110463565A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-19 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | A kind of thermal jet broadcasts matrix and its application method |
| CN110463414B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2023-08-29 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | A steam heating spraying machine and spraying method |
| CN112544159A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-26 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | Slope foreign soil spray-seeding construction method based on waste bacterium covering soil |
| CN113773843A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-10 | 北京航天恒丰科技股份有限公司 | Slope protection composition based on microbial curing and application thereof |
| CN115651666A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-01-31 | 宁夏回族自治区草原工作站 | Reseeding seed dressing agent for ecological restoration of desert grasslands and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115926803A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-04-07 | 北京中兵岩土工程有限公司 | An environment-friendly preparation for preventing and controlling slope water and soil loss and its preparation method |
| CN116508612A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-08-01 | 甘肃省科学院地质自然灾害防治研究所 | Ecological restoration functional multi-layer plant-growing substrate for high steep rock slope |
| CN116508612B (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-11-03 | 甘肃省科学院地质自然灾害防治研究所 | Ecological restoration functional multi-layer plant-growing substrate for high steep rock slope |
| CN116854400A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-10-10 | 三峡大学 | A preparation method for porous habitat substrate used to balance slope runoff and infiltration |
| CN116854400B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2024-07-05 | 三峡大学 | Preparation method of porous habitat substrate for balancing slope runoff infiltration |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108967120A (en) | A kind of alien earth sparging base material mixture and preparation method thereof for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope | |
| CN105347933B (en) | A method of matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster and using this sow grass seeds by duster matrix carry out saline land greening | |
| CN105993259B (en) | Host material and restorative procedure for mining area hillock restoration of the ecosystem | |
| CN105693376B (en) | A kind of organic conditioning compound fertilizer of soil and a kind of salt-soda soil shrub cultural method | |
| CN108249966A (en) | A kind of protecting slope ecology alien earth sparging base material and base material mixture | |
| CN108184358A (en) | A kind of physics and the effective ways in bioconjugation improvement salt-soda soil | |
| CN108570993B (en) | Ecological vegetation concrete slope protection structure and construction method thereof | |
| CN107324931A (en) | A kind of soil amendment fertilizer for salt-soda soil | |
| CN108370881A (en) | The method that herbaceous plant copes with Global climate change | |
| CN101743790B (en) | Soil water ecological effectiveness control method | |
| CN108617465B (en) | Ecological substrate for vegetation restoration and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108207503A (en) | The method that strand sandyization salt-soda soil plantation sand draws grass and improvement clay fertilizer situation | |
| KR101951824B1 (en) | Soil composition for the sloped surface and executing method using the same | |
| CN108886910A (en) | A kind of vegetable fiber blanket and preparation method thereof for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope | |
| US6302936B1 (en) | Recycled soil | |
| CN101507391A (en) | Rock slope-surface ecology treatment method | |
| CN104973990A (en) | Method for preparing saline-alkali soil improvement material by utilizing biological waste and application process | |
| CN112094787A (en) | Preparation method and application of microbial agent for slope protection | |
| CN108781599B (en) | Green and environment-friendly product for sand stabilization and greening of sand | |
| CN107141083A (en) | A kind of greening side slope improvement matrix and preparation method | |
| CN106631545A (en) | Manufacturing method of fertilizer for lowering salt content of saline alkali soil | |
| CN104341184A (en) | Manufacturing and application method of agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer | |
| CN103348835B (en) | The method utilizing modified husky physical culture tree Desert Control | |
| KR101294244B1 (en) | Greenification composition containing plant fiber, preparation thereof and mehthod for greenifying using the same | |
| CN109006363A (en) | A kind of composite interstitial substance and preparation method thereof based on building waste and garden waste |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20181211 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |