CN108923903B - Pilot frequency distribution method and system for multi-antenna system and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Pilot frequency distribution method and system for multi-antenna system and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0691—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using subgroups of transmit antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
- H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
- H04L5/006—Quality of the received signal, e.g. BER, SNR, water filling
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Abstract
The pilot frequency distribution method, the pilot frequency distribution system and the electronic equipment of the multi-antenna system provided by the embodiment of the invention can determine the cell group to be optimized according to the pilot frequency repetition rate of the cell, determine the interference intensity of a user in the cell group to be optimized according to the distance from the user to a base station and the transmitting power, and subdivide the pilot frequency for the user in sequence according to the interference intensity, thereby realizing reasonable distribution of the pilot frequency and reducing pilot frequency pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication systems, and in particular, to a pilot allocation method and system for a multi-antenna system, and an electronic device.
Background
As mobile communication advances to date, the service demand of users is increasing, which puts higher demands on the data transmission speed. Considering the scarcity of spectrum resources, fully improving the utilization rate of the spectrum resources is still one of the important means for meeting the business requirements. The spectrum utilization rate of the large-scale multi-antenna technology can reach dozens to hundreds of bps/Hz, and the large-scale multi-antenna technology is one of 5G core technologies, has great advantages under the condition that spectrum resources are more and more scarce, and is worthy of deep research.
In a multi-antenna system, each terminal is assigned a pilot, and the base station performs channel estimation based on the pilot signal. However, when the coherence time is short or the number of users in a cell is large, users in different cells use the same set of pilot frequency, which causes serious interference of uplink pilot frequency signals. When the serving base station receives the pilot signal of a certain terminal for channel estimation, the actual estimation result is the linear combination of the pilot signals sent by the users sharing the same pilot frequency in the cell and other cells, and the channel estimation is polluted at this time, which is called pilot pollution.
Therefore, how to implement reasonable allocation of pilots to effectively solve the problem of pilot pollution is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a pilot frequency distribution method, a pilot frequency distribution system and electronic equipment of a multi-antenna system, so as to realize reasonable distribution of pilot frequency and reduce pilot frequency pollution.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a pilot allocation method for a multi-antenna system, which includes the following steps:
determining a pilot frequency vector of each cell in a target cell group, wherein the pilot frequency vector comprises elements 1 and 0, the element 1 at any position represents that a pilot frequency corresponding to the position in a preset pilot frequency sequence is occupied, and the element 0 at any position represents that the pilot frequency corresponding to the position in the preset pilot frequency sequence is unoccupied;
calculating the pilot frequency repetition rate between every two cells according to the pilot frequency vector of each cell;
calculating the sum of the pilot repetition rates of any cell and other cells in the target cell group meeting a first preset condition according to the pilot repetition rates, comparing the sum of the pilot repetition rates meeting the condition pairwise, and taking the cell group corresponding to the sum meeting a second preset condition as a cell group to be optimized;
and aiming at each cell group to be optimized, determining the interference intensity of the user to the base station based on the distance between any user in the cell group to be optimized and the corresponding base station and the transmitting power, and sequentially allocating pilot frequency to each user in the cell group to be optimized according to the interference intensity in the cell group to be optimized.
Optionally, the determining the pilot vector of each cell in the target cell group includes:
determining the pilot frequency distribution priority of each cell in the target cell group according to the load;
and sequentially determining the pilot frequency vector of each cell according to the sequence of the pilot frequency distribution priority from large to small.
Optionally, the calculating a pilot repetition rate between every two cells according to the pilot vector of each cell includes:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the number of repeated and non-zero elements in a first cell pilot vector and a second cell pilot vector as a numerator, obtaining the sum of the number of the non-zero elements in the first cell pilot vector and the number of the non-zero elements in the second cell pilot vector as a denominator, wherein the ratio of the numerator to the denominator is the pilot repetition rate of the first cell and the second cell, and the first cell and the second cell are any cells in the cells.
Optionally, the calculating, according to the pilot repetition rate, a sum of pilot repetition rates of any cell and other cells in the target cell group that satisfy a first preset condition includes:
when any cell and other cells in the target cell group have at least two pilot repetition rates which are larger than a first threshold, taking the sum of the pilot repetition rates which are larger than the first threshold as the sum of the pilot repetition rates of the cell and other cells in the target cell group which meet a first preset condition;
when any cell and other cells in the target cell group only have one pilot repetition rate larger than the first threshold value, and the cell after row-column transformation and other cells in the target cell group also have only one pilot repetition rate larger than the first threshold value at corresponding positions, taking the pilot repetition rate larger than the first threshold value as the sum of the pilot repetition rates of the cell; the sum of the pilot repetition rates of the rows and the columns of the transformed cells is 0.
Optionally, the pairwise comparing the sum values meeting the condition, and taking the cell group corresponding to the sum value meeting the second preset condition as the cell group to be optimized includes:
and when the pilot frequency repetition rates of the two cells corresponding to the sum values compared pairwise are not zero, comparing the sum values pairwise, selecting the sum value with the largest numerical value, and taking the cell group corresponding to the sum value with the largest numerical value as the cell group to be optimized.
Optionally, for each cell group to be optimized, determining, based on the distance from any user in the cell group to be optimized to the corresponding base station and the transmission power, the interference strength of the user to the base station includes:
for each cell group to be optimized, calculating a first ratio of the distance from any user in the cell group to be optimized to a corresponding base station to the average value of the distances from all users in the cell group to be optimized to the base station, and a second ratio of the transmitting power from the user in the cell group to be optimized to the base station to the average value of the transmitting power from all users in the cell group to be optimized to the base station;
and taking the sum of the first ratio and the second ratio as the interference strength of the user to the base station.
Optionally, the sequentially allocating pilot frequencies to the users in the cell group to be optimized according to the interference strength in the cell group to be optimized includes:
in the cell group to be optimized, different pilot frequencies are sequentially distributed for users with interference intensity higher than a second threshold value according to the pilot frequency vector corresponding to the cell group to be optimized;
and allocating the same pilot frequency to the users with the interference strength lower than the second threshold value.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a pilot allocation system for a multi-antenna system, including:
the device comprises a pilot frequency vector determining unit, a pilot frequency vector determining unit and a pilot frequency vector determining unit, wherein the pilot frequency vector comprises elements 1 and 0, the element 1 at any position represents that a pilot frequency corresponding to the position in a preset pilot frequency sequence is occupied, and the element 0 at any position represents that the pilot frequency corresponding to the position in the preset pilot frequency sequence is unoccupied;
the pilot frequency repetition rate calculating unit is used for calculating the pilot frequency repetition rate between every two cells according to the pilot frequency vector of each cell;
a cell group to be optimized determining unit, configured to calculate, according to the pilot repetition rate, a sum of pilot repetition rates of any cell and other cells in the target cell group that satisfy a first preset condition, compare every two sum values that satisfy the condition, and use the cell group corresponding to the sum value that satisfies a second preset condition as a cell group to be optimized;
and the pilot frequency allocation unit is used for determining the interference intensity of any user in the cell group to be optimized to the base station based on the distance between the user and the corresponding base station and the transmitting power of the user, and allocating pilot frequencies to the users in the cell group to be optimized in sequence according to the interference intensity in the cell group to be optimized.
Optionally, the pilot allocation unit further includes an interference strength determination unit and a pilot allocation subunit;
the interference strength determining unit is specifically configured to calculate, for each to-be-optimized cell group, a first ratio of a distance from any user in the to-be-optimized cell group to a corresponding base station to an average value of distances from all users in the to-be-optimized cell to the base station, and a second ratio of a transmission power from the user in the to-be-optimized cell to the base station to an average value of transmission powers from all users in the to-be-optimized cell group to the base station; and taking the sum of the first ratio and the second ratio as the interference strength of the user to the base station.
The pilot frequency allocation subunit is specifically configured to sequentially allocate, within the to-be-optimized cell group, different pilot frequencies to users whose interference strengths are higher than the second threshold value according to the pilot frequency vectors corresponding to the to-be-optimized cell group; and allocating the same pilot frequency to the users with the interference strength lower than the second threshold value.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses an electronic device, which includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory complete mutual communication through the communication bus;
the memory is used for storing a computer program;
the processor is configured to implement any of the above method steps when executing the program stored in the memory.
The pilot frequency distribution method, the pilot frequency distribution system and the electronic equipment of the multi-antenna system provided by the embodiment of the invention can determine the cell group to be optimized according to the pilot frequency repetition rate of the cell, determine the interference intensity of a user in the cell group to be optimized according to the distance from the user to a base station and the transmitting power, and subdivide the pilot frequency for the user in sequence according to the interference intensity, thereby realizing reasonable distribution of the pilot frequency and reducing pilot frequency pollution. Of course, not all of the advantages described above need to be achieved at the same time in the practice of any one product or method of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a pilot allocation method of a multi-antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a deployment scenario of a large-scale multi-antenna cellular network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a table of pilot repetition rates according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pilot allocation system of a multi-antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a pilot allocation method of a multi-antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
S101: and determining a pilot frequency vector of each cell in the target cell group, wherein the pilot frequency vector comprises elements 1 and 0, the element 1 at any position represents that the pilot frequency corresponding to the position in the preset pilot frequency sequence is occupied, and the element 0 at any position represents that the pilot frequency corresponding to the position in the preset pilot frequency sequence is unoccupied.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a diagram of a large scale multi-antenna cellular network deployment scenario. For the convenience of understanding, the target cell group may be a cell in a large-scale multi-antenna system as shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the number L of cells is 19, and in practice, the number of cells may be more, and each cell further includes a base station and several users.
It should be noted that the reference to the predetermined pilot sequence in the present invention refers to the general term of all pilots used in the present invention. Specifically, the preset pilot sequence includes a plurality of pilots, and the number of the pilots is greater than the number of users in any cell in the target cell group. The pilot frequency vector comprises elements 0 and 1, wherein 1 in the pilot frequency vector of any cell indicates that pilot frequency at a position corresponding to a preset pilot frequency sequence is allocated to any cell, and 0 in the pilot frequency vector of any cell indicates that pilot frequency at a position corresponding to the preset pilot frequency sequence is not allocated to any cell.
In order to determine the pilot vectors of the cells in the target cell group, firstly, determining the pilot distribution priority of the cells in the target cell group according to the load; and sequentially determining the pilot vectors of the cells according to the sequence of the pilot distribution priorities from large to small. Preferentially allocating pilots to cells with larger loads can preferentially alleviate cells that are severely affected by pilot pollution.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, each cell is sequentially marked in the target cell group according to the load of each cell, and a smaller mark indicates a larger load and preferentially allocates a pilot for a cell with a higher mark.
In an embodiment of the present invention, if no pilot is allocated to the cells around the i cell, the i cell is allocated with the first k of the preset pilot sequence, and the pilot vector of the i cell is (1,1, … 1,0,0, … 0), where the cells around the i cell are cells that overlap with the i cell at a boundary, and for a more intuitive understanding, the cells around the i cell can be understood as six cells around each cell in fig. 2.
In an embodiment of the present invention, if cells around the i cell are already allocated with pilots, that is, any user in any cell around the i cell is allocated with pilots, the i cell is considered to be allocated with pilots. Then, pilot vectors of cells around the i-cell are obtained, and the pilot vectors of the cells around the i-cell are vector-summed, and pilots at positions corresponding to preset pilot sequences are selected from small to large according to the sum vector element values and allocated to the i-cell, for example, the pilot vectors of the cells around the i-cell are (1,1, … 1,0,0, … 0), (0,0, … 0,0,0, … 0), (0,1, …,1,0, … 0), (0,0, … 1,1,1, … 0), (1,0, … 0,0,1, … 1), (0,0, 0, … 0,0, … 0), and the sum vector element value is (2,2, … 3,1,2, … 1), so that the pilot vector of the i-cell is (0,0, … 0,1,1, 1, … 1).
It can be understood that, the allocating pilot vectors to the cells in the target cell group is to allocate pilots to the cells, and the pilot allocation method makes each cell and surrounding cells use the same pilot as much as possible, thereby reducing the influence of pilot pollution.
S102: and calculating the pilot repetition rate between every two cells according to the pilot vectors of the cells.
In order to further obtain the cell to be optimized in the target cell group, a pilot repetition rate between every two cells in the target cell group is first calculated.
Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first cell and the second cell are regarded as any two cells in the target cell, and the number of repeated and non-zero elements in the pilot vector of the first cell and the pilot vector of the second cell is regarded as a numerator, it can be understood that repeated and non-zero elements in the pilot vector of the first cell and the pilot vector of the second cell mean that the pilot vector of the first cell and the pilot vector of the second cell are both element 1 at corresponding positions; taking the sum of the number of non-zero elements in the pilot vector of the first cell and the number of non-zero elements in the pilot vector of the second cell as a denominator; the pilot repetition rate of the first cell and the second cell is the ratio of the numerator to the denominator. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the pilot repetition rate can be calculated between any two cells in the target cell group by applying the above-mentioned pilot repetition rate calculation method.
S103: and calculating the sum of the pilot repetition rates of any cell and other cells in the target cell group meeting a first preset condition according to the pilot repetition rates, comparing the sum of the pilot repetition rates meeting the condition pairwise, and taking the cell group corresponding to the sum meeting a second preset condition as a cell group to be optimized.
After obtaining the pilot repetition rates of any cell and other cells in the target cell group, for better description, in an embodiment of the present invention, the pilot repetition rates may be combined into a pilot repetition rate table.
Specifically, fig. 3 is a pilot repetition rate table provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which corresponds to the number L of the cells, and the pilot repetition rate table has L rows and L columns, where each row represents the pilot repetition rate values of the cells in the row and other cells, and each column represents the pilot repetition rate values of the cells in the column and other cells. And R (1,2) ═ R (2,1), R (1,2) and R (2,1) both represent pilot repetition rates between the cell numbered 1 and the cell numbered 2.
The sum of pilot repetition rates that satisfy the first preset condition is described in detail below according to the repetition rate table:
first, a first threshold is defined, where the first threshold directs the magnitude of the frequency repetition rate, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first threshold is 0.5, and in each row in the pilot repetition rate table, if at least two pilot repetition rates have values greater than 0.5, a sum of pilot repetition rates sum of the cell corresponding to the row and other cells is a sum of pilot repetition rates of the pilot repetition rates in the row having values greater than 0.5.
In each row of the above-mentioned pilot repetition rate table, if only one value of the pilot repetition rate is greater than the first threshold value 0.5 and the column number corresponding to the pilot repetition rate is used as the row number for the transformation, in the new row, if the value of the pilot repetition rate at the corresponding position is greater than the first threshold value 0.5 and only the value of the pilot repetition rate in the new row is greater than the first threshold value 0.5, the sum of the pilot repetition rates of the cell corresponding to the old row and other cells is greater than the value of the pilot repetition rate in the row which is greater than the first threshold value, and the sum of the pilot repetition rates of the cell corresponding to the new row and other cells is 0 or vice versa.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the sum of pilot repetition rates of each row refers to the sum of pilot repetition rates of each row that is greater than the first threshold.
The sum of the pilot repetition rates of each row can be obtained by applying the above method, and when the pilot repetition rates of two cells corresponding to the sum values compared in pairs are not zero, the sum values are compared in pairs, it can be understood that the sum value of each row corresponds to one row cell, and when the pilot repetition rates of two row cells corresponding to the two compared sum values are not 0, the two sum values are compared.
Comparing every two sum values to select the maximum sum value, and taking the cell group corresponding to the maximum sum value as the cell group to be optimized; it can be understood that the pilot repetition rate between the row cell and the column cell corresponding to the row where the maximum sum value is located is relatively large, so that both the row cell and the column cell corresponding to the row where the maximum sum value is located are cells that need to be optimized, especially, the row cell and the column cell corresponding to the maximum sum value need to be optimized, the row cell corresponding to the maximum sum value is taken as a central cell, the column cell corresponding to the maximum sum value is taken as a peripheral cell of the central cell, and the two cells jointly form a cell group to be optimized.
It is to be understood that, in an embodiment of the present invention, sum values larger than a certain threshold may also be selected, the row cells corresponding to the sum values larger than the certain threshold are used as other central cells to be optimized, and the column cells corresponding to the sum values larger than the certain threshold are used as peripheral cells of the respective central cells. This results in a plurality of cell groups to be optimized.
Note that the establishment of the center cell and the sum of the pilot repetition rates sum has a positive correlation.
It can be understood that, since each cell has already determined the pilot vector, there may be a case where different cells share one pilot, and then the cell group to be optimized with the largest sum value is optimized preferentially, so that pilot pollution can be alleviated to some extent.
S104: and aiming at each cell group to be optimized, determining the interference intensity of any user to the base station based on the distance between the user in the cell group to be optimized and the corresponding base station and the transmitting power, and sequentially allocating pilot frequency to each user in the cell group to be optimized according to the interference intensity in the cell group to be optimized.
Since the procedure is similar for each cluster of cells to be optimized, a cluster of cells to be optimized is now selected for a detailed description:
in order to further suppress pilot pollution, it is necessary to subdivide the pilots from the perspective of users in a cell group, thereby improving system performance.
Specifically, the distance from each user in each cell to the corresponding base station and the transmission power are obtained in each cell in the cell group to be optimized, and the average value of the distances from all users in each cell to the corresponding base station and the average value of the transmission power are calculated, so as to define an interference strength for all users in each cell.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the calculation of the interference strength may be a sum of a first ratio and a second ratio; the first ratio is the ratio of the distance from any user to the corresponding base station in the cell to be optimized to the average value of the distances from all users to the base station in the cell to be optimized, and the second ratio is the ratio of the transmission power from any user to the corresponding base station in the cell to be optimized to the average value of the transmission power from all users to the base station in the cell to be optimized.
By applying the method for calculating the interference strength, the interference strength of each user can be obtained in the cell group to be optimized, and it can be understood that there are users with high interference strength in each cell to be optimized. There are also users with low interference strength.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a second threshold is set for the interference strength, where the second threshold may be 50% of the highest interference strength, and different pilots are sequentially allocated to users whose interference strength is higher than the second threshold according to a pilot vector corresponding to each cell to be optimized; and allocating the same pilot frequency to the users with the interference strength lower than the second threshold value.
It can be understood that each cell to be optimized has its own pilot vector, that is, each cell group to be optimized is allocated with a certain pilot, and the interference strength of the user is subdivided according to the interference strength of the user, so that the user whose interference strength is higher than the second threshold is sequentially allocated with different pilots, which can be understood that each user allocates pilots, which are not shared with other cells and/or which are less frequently shared with other cells, to the user whose interference strength is higher than the second threshold according to the pilot vector of each cell; the assignment of the same pilot frequency to the user whose interference strength is lower than the second threshold value may be understood as that each user assigns the user whose interference strength is lower than the second threshold value to the user whose interference strength is lower than the second threshold value with the pilot frequency of other cells according to the pilot frequency vector of each cell.
The pilot frequency distribution method of the multi-antenna system provided by the embodiment of the invention can determine the cell group to be optimized according to the pilot frequency repetition rate of the cell, determine the interference intensity of the user in the cell group to be optimized according to the distance from the user to the base station and the transmitting power, and subdivide the pilot frequency for the user in sequence according to the interference intensity, thereby realizing reasonable distribution of the pilot frequency and reducing pilot frequency pollution.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pilot allocation system of a multi-antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention,
a pilot vector determining unit 401, configured to determine a pilot vector of each cell in a target cell group, where the pilot vector includes elements 1 and 0, where an element 1 at any position indicates that a pilot corresponding to the position in a preset pilot sequence is occupied, and an element 0 at any position indicates that a pilot corresponding to the position in the preset pilot sequence is unoccupied;
a pilot repetition rate calculating unit 402, configured to calculate a pilot repetition rate between every two cells according to the pilot vector of each cell;
a to-be-optimized cell group determining unit 403, configured to calculate, according to the pilot repetition rate, sum of pilot repetition rates that satisfy a first preset condition between any cell and other cells in the target cell group, compare every two sum values that satisfy the condition, and use a cell group corresponding to a sum value that satisfies a second preset condition as a to-be-optimized cell group;
a pilot allocation unit 404, configured to determine, for each cell group to be optimized, interference strength of any user in the cell group to be optimized to the base station based on a distance between the user and the corresponding base station and the transmission power, and allocate pilots to each user in the cell group to be optimized in sequence according to the interference strength in the cell group to be optimized.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pilot vector determining unit 401 is specifically configured to determine, in the target cell group, a pilot allocation priority of each cell according to a load size; and sequentially determining the pilot vectors of the cells according to the sequence of the pilot distribution priorities from large to small.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pilot repetition rate calculating unit 402 is specifically configured to obtain a number of repeated and non-zero elements in a first cell pilot vector and a second cell pilot vector as a numerator, obtain a sum of the number of non-zero elements in the first cell pilot vector and the number of non-zero elements in the second cell pilot vector as a denominator, where a ratio of the numerator to the denominator is a pilot repetition rate of the first cell and the second cell, and the first cell and the second cell are any cell of the cells.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the to-be-optimized cell determining unit 403 further includes a sum value determining unit 4031 (not shown) and a to-be-optimized cell group determining subunit 4032 (not shown).
Sum value determining unit 4031, configured to, when at least two pilot repetition rates that are greater than a first threshold exist between any cell and another cell in the target cell group, take a sum of the pilot repetition rates that are greater than the first threshold as a sum value of pilot repetition rates that satisfy a first preset condition between the cell and another cell in the target cell group;
or when any cell and other cells in the target cell group only have a pilot repetition rate greater than the first threshold and the cell after row-column transformation and other cells in the target cell group also only have a pilot repetition rate greater than the first threshold, taking the pilot repetition rate greater than the first threshold as the sum of the pilot repetition rates of the cell; and the sum of the pilot repetition rates of the cells after row-column transformation is 0.
The sub-unit 4032 for determining the cell group to be optimized is specifically configured to compare each sum value pairwise when the pilot repetition rate of two cells corresponding to the sum value pairwise compared is not zero, select the sum value with the largest value, and use the cell group corresponding to the sum value with the largest value as the cell group to be optimized.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pilot allocating unit 404 further includes an interference strength determining unit 4041 (not shown) and a pilot allocating sub-unit 4042 (not shown).
The interference strength determining unit 4041 is specifically configured to calculate, for each cell group to be optimized, a first ratio of a distance from any user in the cell group to be optimized to a corresponding base station to an average value of distances from all users in the cell group to be optimized to the base station, and a second ratio of a transmission power from the user in the cell group to be optimized to the base station to an average value of transmission powers from all users in the cell group to be optimized to the base station; and taking the sum of the first ratio and the second ratio as the interference intensity of the user to the base station.
The pilot frequency allocating subunit 4042 is specifically configured to allocate, in the to-be-optimized cell group, different pilot frequencies in sequence for the users whose interference strength is higher than the second threshold according to the pilot frequency vector corresponding to the to-be-optimized cell group; and allocating the same pilot frequency to the users with the interference strength lower than the second threshold value.
The pilot frequency distribution system of the multi-antenna system provided by the embodiment of the invention can determine the cell group to be optimized according to the pilot frequency repetition rate of the cell, determine the interference intensity of the user in the cell group to be optimized according to the distance from the user to the base station and the transmitting power, and subdivide the pilot frequency for the user in sequence according to the interference intensity, thereby realizing reasonable distribution of the pilot frequency and reducing pilot frequency pollution.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, as shown in fig. 5, which includes a processor 501, a communication interface 502, a memory 503 and a communication bus 504, where the processor 501, the communication interface 502 and the memory 503 complete mutual communication through the communication bus 504,
a memory 503 for storing a computer program;
the processor 501, when executing the program stored in the memory 503, implements the following steps:
determining a pilot frequency vector of each cell in a target cell group, wherein the pilot frequency vector comprises elements 1 and 0, the element 1 at any position represents that a pilot frequency corresponding to the position in a preset pilot frequency sequence is occupied, and the element 0 at any position represents that the pilot frequency corresponding to the position in the preset pilot frequency sequence is unoccupied;
calculating the pilot repetition rate between every two cells according to the pilot vectors of the cells;
calculating sum of pilot repetition rates of any cell and other cells in the target cell group meeting a first preset condition according to the pilot repetition rates, comparing the sum of the pilot repetition rates meeting the condition pairwise, and taking the cell group corresponding to the sum of the sum meeting a second preset condition as a cell group to be optimized;
and aiming at each cell group to be optimized, determining the interference intensity of any user to the base station based on the distance between the user in the cell group to be optimized and the corresponding base station and the transmitting power, and sequentially allocating pilot frequency to each user in the cell group to be optimized according to the interference intensity in the cell group to be optimized.
The electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention can determine the cell group to be optimized according to the pilot frequency repetition rate of the cell, determine the interference intensity of the user in the cell group to be optimized according to the distance from the user to the base station and the transmitting power, and subdivide the pilot frequency for the user in sequence according to the interference intensity, thereby realizing reasonable distribution of the pilot frequency and reducing pilot frequency pollution.
The communication bus mentioned in the electronic device may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The communication bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
The communication interface is used for communication between the electronic equipment and other equipment.
The Memory may include a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), such as at least one disk Memory. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor.
The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system and electronic device embodiments, since they are substantially similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to part of the description of the method embodiments.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for pilot allocation in a multi-antenna system, the method comprising:
determining a pilot frequency vector of each cell in a target cell group, wherein the pilot frequency vector comprises elements 1 and 0, the element 1 at any position represents that a pilot frequency corresponding to the position in a preset pilot frequency sequence is occupied, and the element 0 at any position represents that the pilot frequency corresponding to the position in the preset pilot frequency sequence is unoccupied;
calculating the pilot frequency repetition rate between every two cells according to the pilot frequency vector of each cell;
calculating the sum of the pilot repetition rates of any cell and other cells in the target cell group meeting a first preset condition according to the pilot repetition rates, comparing the sum of the pilot repetition rates meeting the condition pairwise, and taking the cell group corresponding to the sum meeting a second preset condition as a cell group to be optimized;
for each cell group to be optimized, determining the interference intensity of the user to the base station based on the distance from any user in the cell group to be optimized to the corresponding base station and the transmitting power, and sequentially allocating pilot frequency to each user in the cell group to be optimized according to the interference intensity in the cell group to be optimized;
the calculating the pilot repetition rate between every two cells according to the pilot vectors of the cells comprises:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the number of repeated and non-zero elements in a first cell pilot vector and a second cell pilot vector as a numerator, obtaining the sum of the number of the non-zero elements in the first cell pilot vector and the number of the non-zero elements in the second cell pilot vector as a denominator, wherein the ratio of the numerator to the denominator is the pilot repetition rate of the first cell and the second cell, and the first cell and the second cell are any cells in the cells.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the pilot vector for each cell in the target cell group comprises:
determining the pilot frequency distribution priority of each cell in the target cell group according to the load;
and sequentially determining the pilot frequency vector of each cell according to the sequence of the pilot frequency distribution priority from large to small.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating, according to the pilot repetition rate, a sum of pilot repetition rates of any cell and other cells in the target cell group that satisfy a first predetermined condition includes:
when any cell and other cells in the target cell group have at least two pilot repetition rates which are larger than a first threshold, taking the sum of the pilot repetition rates which are larger than the first threshold as the sum of the pilot repetition rates of the cell and other cells in the target cell group which meet a first preset condition;
when any cell and other cells in the target cell group only have one pilot repetition rate larger than the first threshold value, and the cell after row-column transformation and other cells in the target cell group also have only one pilot repetition rate larger than the first threshold value at corresponding positions, taking the pilot repetition rate larger than the first threshold value as the sum of the pilot repetition rates of the cell; and the sum of the pilot repetition rates of the cells after row-column transformation is 0.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the pairwise comparison of sum values meeting the condition, and the taking the cell group corresponding to the sum value meeting the second preset condition as the cell group to be optimized includes:
and when the pilot frequency repetition rates of the two cells corresponding to the sum values compared pairwise are not zero, comparing the sum values pairwise, selecting the sum value with the largest numerical value, and taking the cell group corresponding to the sum value with the largest numerical value as the cell group to be optimized.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining, for each cell group to be optimized, the interference strength of any user to the base station based on the distance from the user to the corresponding base station and the transmission power of the user in the cell group to be optimized comprises:
for each cell group to be optimized, calculating a first ratio of the distance from any user in the cell group to be optimized to a corresponding base station to the average value of the distances from all users in the cell group to be optimized to the base station, and a second ratio of the transmitting power from the user in the cell group to be optimized to the base station to the average value of the transmitting power from all users in the cell group to be optimized to the base station;
and taking the sum of the first ratio and the second ratio as the interference strength of the user to the base station.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the sequentially allocating pilots to the users in the cell group to be optimized according to the interference strength in the cell group to be optimized comprises:
in the cell group to be optimized, different pilot frequencies are sequentially distributed for users with interference intensity higher than a second threshold value according to the pilot frequency vector corresponding to the cell group to be optimized;
and allocating the same pilot frequency to the users with the interference strength lower than the second threshold value.
7. A pilot allocation system for a multiple antenna system, the system comprising:
the device comprises a pilot frequency vector determining unit, a pilot frequency vector determining unit and a pilot frequency vector determining unit, wherein the pilot frequency vector comprises elements 1 and 0, the element 1 at any position represents that a pilot frequency corresponding to the position in a preset pilot frequency sequence is occupied, and the element 0 at any position represents that the pilot frequency corresponding to the position in the preset pilot frequency sequence is unoccupied;
the pilot frequency repetition rate calculating unit is used for calculating the pilot frequency repetition rate between every two cells according to the pilot frequency vector of each cell;
a cell group to be optimized determining unit, configured to calculate, according to the pilot repetition rate, a sum of pilot repetition rates of any cell and other cells in the target cell group that satisfy a first preset condition, compare every two sum values that satisfy the condition, and use the cell group corresponding to the sum value that satisfies a second preset condition as a cell group to be optimized;
a pilot frequency allocation unit, configured to determine, for each to-be-optimized cell group, interference strength of any user in the to-be-optimized cell group to a corresponding base station based on a distance between the user and the base station and a transmission power, and allocate pilot frequencies to the users in the to-be-optimized cell group in sequence according to the interference strength in the to-be-optimized cell group;
the pilot repetition rate calculation unit is specifically configured to: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the number of repeated and non-zero elements in a first cell pilot vector and a second cell pilot vector as a numerator, obtaining the sum of the number of the non-zero elements in the first cell pilot vector and the number of the non-zero elements in the second cell pilot vector as a denominator, wherein the ratio of the numerator to the denominator is the pilot repetition rate of the first cell and the second cell, and the first cell and the second cell are any cells in the cells.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the pilot allocation unit further comprises an interference strength determination unit and a pilot allocation subunit;
the interference strength determining unit is specifically configured to calculate, for each to-be-optimized cell group, a first ratio of a distance from any user in the to-be-optimized cell group to a corresponding base station to an average value of distances from all users in the to-be-optimized cell to the base station, and a second ratio of a transmission power from the user in the to-be-optimized cell to the base station to an average value of transmission powers from all users in the to-be-optimized cell group to the base station; taking the sum of the first ratio and the second ratio as the interference strength of the user to the base station;
the pilot frequency allocation subunit is specifically configured to sequentially allocate, within the to-be-optimized cell group, different pilot frequencies to users whose interference strengths are higher than the second threshold value according to the pilot frequency vectors corresponding to the to-be-optimized cell group; and allocating the same pilot frequency to the users with the interference strength lower than the second threshold value.
9. An electronic device, comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory complete communication with each other through the communication bus;
the memory is used for storing a computer program;
the processor, when executing the program stored in the memory, is adapted to perform the method steps of any of claims 1-6.
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