CN108929694A - It is a kind of for administering the soil conditioner and preparation method thereof in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland - Google Patents
It is a kind of for administering the soil conditioner and preparation method thereof in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland Download PDFInfo
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- CN108929694A CN108929694A CN201811050499.1A CN201811050499A CN108929694A CN 108929694 A CN108929694 A CN 108929694A CN 201811050499 A CN201811050499 A CN 201811050499A CN 108929694 A CN108929694 A CN 108929694A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/12—Water-soluble silicates, e.g. waterglass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/06—Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/10—Cements, e.g. Portland cement
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of for administering the soil conditioner and preparation method thereof in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland, the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) medical stone is placed in aqueous metal salt, after dipping, drying obtains metal salt medical stone；2) dolomite, gypsum, the metal salt medical stone of step 1) preparation and silicon source are mixed, obtains the soil conditioner for administering light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland.Compared with prior art, soil conditioner provided by the invention can be widely used for the improvement in southern light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland, recommendation amount of application is 300kg/ mus/season, excellent effect, the effective cadmium of soil and crop overground part cadmium content can be significantly reduced, and can realize that long-term cropping increases production, product competitiveness in the market is strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heavy metals in farmland to administer field, and in particular to one kind is for administering light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland
Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
The primary abatement mode that China is directed to acid heavy metals in farmland pollution at present is in-situ passivation, and associated materials include stone
Ash, phosphate, mineral, organic fertilizer, industrial residue, mesoporous material etc., main passivation mechanisms include chemical precipitation, basicity deposition,
Absorption, ion exchange, complexing chelating, co-precipitation etc..Wherein lime application is quick but persistence is poor, and application will lead to soil throughout the year
Earth is hardened, and phosphate is largely applied and easily causes pollution of area source, and industrial residue environmental risk itself is higher, mesoporous material application cost
Higher, the opposite soil conditioner administered suitable for heavy metals in farmland is mainly mineral and organic fertilizer.
The patent of the Publication No. CN 107879850A of Hunan Ben Nong environmental science and technology Co., Ltd is in public affairs on April 6th, 2018
A kind of acid heavy metal polluted soil of farmland conditioner and its preparation method and application is opened, soil conditioner is mainly by clay pit
The compositions such as the decomposed fertilizer of object, iron-based mineral, phosphorio compound, areca dregs, areca dregs powder and quick lime, preparation method is: will
Areca dregs are decomposed by method of piling with farmyard manure and stalk, obtain the decomposed fertilizer of areca dregs；Areca dregs are obtained by drying, crushing
Areca dregs powder；After the decomposed fertilizer of areca dregs, areca dregs powder, clay mineral, iron-based mineral and phosphorio compound are mixed, use
Quick lime adjust pH to alkalinity to get.It is used for heavy metal polluted soil of farmland, can not only make the heavy metal that dissociates in soil
Ion obtains efficient absorption, fixation, and accumulation of the crops to heavy metal is effectively reduced, and does not destroy the original ecological environment in farmland
And soil texture, it can also increase soil fertility, mitigate the harm of soil pests, increase crop yield.
The patent of the Publication No. CN 106433651A of Zhongshan University disclosed a kind of suitable for south on 2 22nd, 2017
The acidic cadmium polluted soil heavy metal deactivator in square rice field, by nonmetallic silicate mine, flyash, calcium hydroxide and phosphate group
At.The nonmetallic silicate mine has good suction-operated to heavy metal ion, and soil can be improved in calcium hydroxide and phosphate
The pH of earth improves the acid-base property of soil.The passivator has stabilization to acid, neutral cadmium pollution moderate, slight agricultural land soil
Repairing effect, at low cost, dosage is few, does not cause secondary pollution.
Patent in October, 2016 of the Publication No. CN 106010546A of geologic survey institute of Sichuan Province, Xinan Science and Technology Univ.
The passivator of heavy metal cadmium and its preparation, application method in acid agricultural land soil are disclosed within 22, the passivator includes as follows
The raw material of mass percent: biomass carbon 70-85%；Calcium hydroxide 10-20%；Calcium phosphate 2-10%；Calcium silicates 2-10%.Institute
The compound prescription that passivator uses organic and inorganic cooperation is stated, efficiently uses a large amount of agricultural crop straws, repairing effect is good, uses letter
Just, low in cost, dosage is few and secondary pollution does not occur, moreover it is possible to improve soil texture, improve crop yield.
Patent on September 30th, 2015 of the publication number CN 104946262A of Xibei Univ. of Agricultural & Forest Science & Technology disclose acid agriculture
The in-situ passivation conditioner and preparation method of field soil heavy metal cadmium.The conditioner is by lime, ox bone, animal blood, earthworm
Earthworm, ferment organic fertilizer, silico-calcium magnesium-potassium, S-based compound fertilizer stir and evenly mix to obtain.The conditioner by with heavy metal occur absorption,
The reactions such as complexing, precipitating, reduce the biological effectiveness and transportable property of heavy metal-polluted soil, while improving soil self purification activity, change
Kind soil fertility, can produce high-quality, high yield rice, thus restore acid agricultural land soil ecological functions and
Industrial Function.
The publication number CN 106269841A of South China Science & Engineering University disclosed a kind of using eggshell counterweight on January 4th, 2017
The method that metallic pollution acidity agricultural land soil is improved.The method are as follows: by the cleaning of discarded eggshell, drying, and crushed
Processing, obtain eggshell powder, be then uniformly mixed eggshell powder with heavy metal pollution acidity agricultural land soil, culture 30 days with
On, the soil after being improved.The eggshell comes from agricultural product castoff, turns waste into wealth, and has low in cost, the scope of application
Extensively, the characteristics of no pollution to the environment；The method can effectively improve soil pH, reduce the activity of heavy metal in soil, improve
The content of the effective calcium of soil, the sustainable development of acidity farmland soil heavy metals pollute on mining area periphery environmental improvement and agricultural
Aspect has important practical significance and practical value.
The patent of the Publication No. CN 106607452A of Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Inst. was disclosed on May 3rd, 2017
A kind of conditioner that repairing mild or moderate acidic cadmium polluted soil and preparation method and application, it is by a certain proportion of red mud, raw stone
Ash, sepiolite, charcoal composition, step is: A, crushing sepiolite, charcoal, quick lime respectively, is uniformly mixed, is mixed
Close material A；B, water is added in mixture A again, it is stirring while adding, it mixes water and mixture A and generates heat, mixture A generates boiling
Stop stirring when phenomenon；C, after material A to be mixed is cooling, the red mud of crushing is added in vertical stirrer, stirs evenly；D, it carries out
Detection, obtains a kind of conditioner.The conditioner can be applied to the improvement of mild or moderate cadmium pollution soil, and formula is rationally, easy to use, come
Source is wide, at low cost, improves soil activation silicone content, while mix well each component, product is greatly improved
The stability of uniformity and repairing effect.
The patent of the Publication No. CN 107446589A of Jiangxi clean ground environmental improvement Eco Science Technology Co., Ltd was in 2017
Disclosing a kind of acid soil cadmium passivator and its application, ingredient on December 8 includes rice hull carbon, lime, hydroxyapatite, red iron
Mine.Acid soil cadmium passivator of the present invention can be improved soil pH, reduce CaCl2With the content of Acetic acid extraction cadmium, promote soil
Earth cadmium is not converted using state and using state from bioavailable state to potential, is reached the passivation active purpose of cadmium, is effectively repaired
Multiple cadmium pollution acid soil, promotes plant growth, reduces absorption of the crop to cadmium.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of for administering the soil conditioner in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland, with white
Marble, gypsum, medical stone are substrate, are aided with calcium salt modification, silicon source compatibility, obtain low in cost, effect soil conditioning outstanding
Agent.Product meets the technical requirements of NY/T 3034-2016 and HNZ144-2017, is guaranteeing crop yield, or even realize certain
While volume increase, has excellent Cadmium in Soil passivation effect, the cadmium that can significantly reduce crop overground part especially edible part contains
Amount.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of for administering the soil conditioner in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland
Preparation method.
Specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
It is provided by the invention a kind of for administering the preparation method of the soil conditioner in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland, it wraps
Include following steps:
1) medical stone is placed in aqueous metal salt, after dipping, drying obtains metal salt medical stone；
2) dolomite, gypsum, the metal salt medical stone of step 1) preparation and silicon source are mixed, is obtained light for administering
The soil conditioner in moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland.
Medical stone and aqueous metal salt volume ratio are 1:1~1:3 in step 1).
Aqueous metal salt concentration described in step 1) is 0.5~2M.
Metal salt described in step 1) is selected from calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium bicarbonate, magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, magnesium sulfate or carbon
One of sour hydrogen magnesium is a variety of.
Dipping described in step 1) refers to 10~30 DEG C of 2~5h of dipping.
Drying refers to described in step 1) dries under the conditions of 80~105 DEG C.
Metal salt medical stone and silicon source mass ratio prepared by dolomite described in step 2), gypsum, step 1) are as follows: 45
~65:15~25:10~25:5~15.
Silicon source described in step 2) is selected from one of sodium metasilicate, potassium feldspar, Silicon-rich mica or diatomite or a variety of.Effect
To supplement soil activation silicon, promote plant growth.
The heavy metal total content that the soil conditioner itself is brought into should be lower than the requirement of HNZ144-2017 limit value.
Above-mentioned each raw material granularity is 60~120 mesh.
It is provided by the invention a kind of for administering the soil conditioner in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland, using the above method
It is prepared, being used for conditioning is the light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland that 0.3~1.5mg/kg of cadmium content, pH are 4.5~6.5
Soil.
Further, the soil conditioner amount of application for administering light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland is 300kg/
Mu/season.
It is provided by the invention a kind of for administering the soil conditioner in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland, there is following spy
Point:
1) using natural minerals as substrate, raw material is cheap and easy to get.
2) amount ratio of dolomite, gypsum and silicon source is designed, finished product can pass through basicity rich in functional mass such as calcium, magnesium, silicon
Deposition, ion competition, chemical precipitation number of mechanisms are passivated the effective cadmium of soil, inhibit plant absorption, can also provide silico-calcium for crop
Fertilizer promotes plant growth.
3) dolomite of slow-release, gypsum is selected to substitute lime, calcium and magnesium is not easy leaching loss, and reaction more mitigates, and passivation is more
Persistently.The sulfate radical of gypsum sustained release is as electron acceptor, and especially suitable for rice field waterflooding environment, restoring the divalent sulfur that is negative be can promote
Effective cadmium changes to residual form.
4) metal salt medical stone is added, Continuous slow release supplements active calcium and magnesium ion, with effective cadmium competitive crops root system
It absorbs.Medical stone itself also has effects that excellent conditioning, can promote plant growth.
5) using simply, amount of application is small, is widely portable to south rice growing area.
Specific embodiment
Below according to Examples 1 to 3, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of for administering the preparation method of the soil conditioner in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland, comprising the following steps:
1) 10~25 parts of medical stones are weighed, the 1M calcium chloride water that solid-liquid volume ratio is 1:2 are added, 18 DEG C are sufficiently impregnated
After 3h, 95 DEG C of drying obtain the modified medical stone of calcium salt.
2) it takes 60 parts of dolomites, 15 parts of gypsum, the modified medical stone of 13 parts of calcium salts, 12 parts of sodium metasilicate to be sufficiently mixed, obtains soil
Earth conditioner finished product.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of for administering the preparation method of the soil conditioner in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland, comprising the following steps:
1) 10~25 parts of medical stones are weighed, the 2M magnesium sulfate solution that solid-liquid volume ratio is 1:1 are added, 22 DEG C are sufficiently impregnated
After 5h, 105 DEG C of drying obtain the modified medical stone of magnesium salts.
2) it takes 50 parts of dolomites, 24 parts of gypsum, the modified medical stone of 18 parts of magnesium salts, 8 parts of Silicon-rich micas to be sufficiently mixed, obtains soil
Earth conditioner finished product.
Embodiment 3
It is a kind of for administering the preparation method of the soil conditioner in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland, comprising the following steps:
1) 10~25 parts of medical stones are weighed, it is mixed that the 0.5M calcium bicarbonate+0.5M magnesium bicarbonate that solid-liquid volume ratio is 1:3 is added
Heshui solution, after 28 DEG C are sufficiently impregnated 2h, 85 DEG C of drying obtain the modified medical stone of calcium and magnesium salt.
2) it takes 54 parts of dolomites, 16 parts of gypsum, the modified medical stone of 16 portions of calcium and magnesium salt, 14 parts of diatomite to be sufficiently mixed, obtains
Soil conditioner finished product.
Application effect
It acquires Jiangxi Province somewhere paddy soil and carries out rice potted plant experiment.The basic physicochemical character of soil is shown in Table 1.Pedotheque
2mm sieve is crossed after air-drying, according to 50kg/ mus of dosage Base-appling once compound fertilizer (N/P2O5/K2O=15/15/9), abundant with soil
It mixes spare.Potted plant experiment designs control group, example 1 group, 2 groups of embodiment, 3 groups of embodiment, and each group is arranged 3 in parallel.Respectively
It tests basin and fills soil 3kg, be separately added into the soil conditioner of soil quality 2 ‰, wherein control group is added without soil conditioner, real
Apply the conditioner of 1 group of addition embodiment 1 of example preparation, the conditioner of 2 groups of addition embodiments 2 of embodiment preparation, 3 groups of additions of embodiment
Conditioner prepared by embodiment 3 after mixing well with soil, takes 5g sample to take back laboratory at random and carries out effective cadmium and effective silicon
Measurement.Ultrapure water is added into each basin, forms 2cm overlying water layer and interval moisturizing is kept.Take cultivate in advance, growing way it is identical
Healthy rice seedling, transplanted with 3 plants/basin quantity into each experiment basin.Each basin uniformly carries out liquid manure and pest management, it is ensured that
Each breeding time normal growth and development of rice.After rice plant is mature, plant above ground portion sample test fresh weight is taken, and take brown rice sample
Product test cadmium content.The effective cadmium of soil and brown rice cadmium content data are shown in Table 2, table 3 respectively.
The basic physicochemical character of 1 potting soil of table
| pH | The soil weight (g/cm3) | Soil cadmium content (mg/kg) | The effective cadmium of soil (mg/kg) |
| 5.67 | 1.2 | 0.97 | 0.40 |
| Organic matter (g/kg) | Full nitrogen (g/kg) | Available potassium (mg/kg) | Available phosphorus (mg/kg) |
| 43.4 | 1.87 | 91.02 | 9.00 |
The effective cadmium of 2 each group soil of table and available silicon content
| Processing group | Control group | Example 1 group | 2 groups of embodiment | 3 groups of embodiment |
| The effective cadmium of soil (mg/kg) | 0.40±0.06 | 0.14±0.04 | 0.17±0.03 | 0.16±0.05 |
| Available Silicon In Soils (mg/kg) | 41.25±0.71 | 62.10±0.53 | 58.48±0.44 | 64.51±0.81 |
3 each group brown rice cadmium content of table and biomass
| Processing group | Control group | Example 1 group | 2 groups of embodiment | 3 groups of embodiment |
| Brown rice cadmium content (mg/kg) | 0.42±0.08 | 0.10±0.05 | 0.14±0.07 | 0.12±0.04 |
| Biomass (g/ plants) | 25.87±0.86 | 28.56±0.73 | 28.11±0.87 | 28.89±0.76 |
It acquires Hunan Province somewhere paddy soil and carries out rice potted plant experiment.The basic physicochemical character of soil is shown in Table 4.Pedotheque
2mm sieve is crossed after air-drying, according to 50kg/ mus of dosage Base-appling once compound fertilizer (N/P2O5/K2O=15/15/9), abundant with soil
It mixes spare.Potted plant experiment designs control group, example 1 group, 2 groups of embodiment, 3 groups of embodiment, and each group is arranged 3 in parallel.Respectively
It tests basin and fills soil 3kg, be separately added into the soil conditioner of soil quality 2 ‰, wherein control group is added without soil conditioner, real
Apply the conditioner of 1 group of addition embodiment 1 of example preparation, the conditioner of 2 groups of addition embodiments 2 of embodiment preparation, 3 groups of additions of embodiment
Conditioner prepared by embodiment 3 after mixing well with soil, takes 5g sample to take back laboratory at random and carries out effective cadmium and effective silicon
Measurement.Ultrapure water is added into each basin, forms 2cm overlying water layer and interval moisturizing is kept.Take cultivate in advance, growing way it is identical
Healthy rice seedling, transplanted with 3 plants/basin quantity into each experiment basin.Each basin uniformly carries out liquid manure and pest management, it is ensured that
Each breeding time normal growth and development of rice.After rice plant is mature, plant above ground portion sample test fresh weight is taken, and take brown rice sample
Product test cadmium content.The effective cadmium of soil and brown rice cadmium content data are shown in Table 5, table 6 respectively.
The basic physicochemical character of 4 potting soil of table
The effective cadmium of 5 each group soil of table and available silicon content
| Processing group | Control group | Example 1 group | 2 groups of embodiment | 3 groups of embodiment |
| The effective cadmium of soil (mg/kg) | 0.21±0.04 | 0.08±0.02 | 0.10±0.03 | 0.10±0.03 |
| Available Silicon In Soils (mg/kg) | 47.01±0.66 | 68.09±0.73 | 65.11±0.94 | 71.83±0.57 |
6 each group brown rice cadmium content of table and biomass
| Processing group | Control group | Example 1 group | 2 groups of embodiment | 3 groups of embodiment |
| Brown rice cadmium content (mg/kg) | 0.30±0.05 | 0.06±0.02 | 0.11±0.03 | 0.08±0.03 |
| Biomass (g/ plants) | 24.51±0.92 | 27.77±0.68 | 26.39±0.72 | 28.49±1.03 |
It is above-mentioned referring to embodiment to a kind of soil conditioner for administering light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland and its preparation
The detailed description that method carries out, is illustrative without being restrictive, can enumerate several implementations according to limited range
Example, therefore the change and modification in the case where not departing from present general inventive concept, should belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of for administering the preparation method of the soil conditioner in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland, which is characterized in that described
Preparation method the following steps are included:
1) medical stone is placed in aqueous metal salt, after dipping, drying obtains metal salt medical stone；
2) dolomite, gypsum, the metal salt medical stone of step 1) preparation and silicon source are mixed, is obtained for administering light moderate
The soil conditioner in cadmium pollution acidity farmland.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that medical stone and aqueous metal salt volume in step 1)
Than for 1:1~1:3.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that aqueous metal salt concentration described in step 1)
For 0.5~2M.
4. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that metal salt described in step 1) be selected from calcium chloride,
One of calcium nitrate, calcium bicarbonate, magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, magnesium sulfate or magnesium bicarbonate are a variety of.
5. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that dipping described in step 1) refers to 10~30 DEG C
Impregnate 2~5h.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that drying described in step 1) refers at 80~105 DEG C
Under the conditions of dry.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that dolomite described in step 2), gypsum, step 1) system
Standby metal salt medical stone and silicon source mass ratio are as follows: 45~65:15~25:10~25:5~15.
8. preparation method according to claim 1 or claim 7, which is characterized in that silicon source described in step 2) is selected from sodium metasilicate, potassium
One of feldspar, Silicon-rich mica or diatomite are a variety of.
9. what a kind of any one of claim 1-8 preparation method was prepared is used to administer light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland
Soil conditioner.
10. according to claim 9 for administering the soil conditioner in light moderate cadmium pollution acidity farmland, feature exists
In it is that the light moderate cadmium pollution that 0.3~1.5mg/kg of cadmium content, pH are 4.5~6.5 is sour that the soil conditioner, which is used to improve,
Property agricultural land soil.
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| CN116584226A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-15 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Combined fertilizer application and moisture management method for improving rice field soil quality and reducing cadmium pollution |
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Application publication date: 20181204 |
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