CN108896224A - A kind of device of geodetic stress - Google Patents
A kind of device of geodetic stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN108896224A CN108896224A CN201810672096.4A CN201810672096A CN108896224A CN 108896224 A CN108896224 A CN 108896224A CN 201810672096 A CN201810672096 A CN 201810672096A CN 108896224 A CN108896224 A CN 108896224A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910001041 brightray Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of devices of geodetic stress.Its technical solution is：The bottom of assay plate, which is equipped with, adjusts spiral base, whether successively install horizon equipment, laser emitter, optical filter, single seam, double slit, cone, optical screen and micrometering eyepiece, the horizon equipment on the top of assay plate examines assay plate horizontal by internal bubble；The laser transmitter projects wavelength X monochromatic light, selects longer wavelengths of feux rouges；Single seam is used to form linear light source, and micrometering eyepiece is used to measure the distance between several bright rays.Beneficial effect is：It is designed rationally, and structure is simple, easy to operate, it is easy to manufacture, it is easy to carry, it is low-cost, rock strain is not only accurately measured, but also the determination of crustal stress size equally may be implemented using petrophysical parameters, has great importance to oil field Efficient Development.Moreover, because its is easy to carry, it is practical, it can be in the use of oil field drill.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a device for measuring the crustal stress by using an oil well core and a using method thereof, in particular to a device for measuring the crustal stress.
Secondly, background art:
in the process of oil and gas exploration and development, the direction of the ground stress field influences and controls the migration of oil, gas and water in the development process of an oil field, scientific background information can be provided for the arrangement, adjustment, development scheme design and the like of an injection and production well network in the oil field development through the research of the ground stress field, the research of the ground stress field is closely connected with the oil and gas exploration and development, the method is one of important links in the oil and gas exploration and development system engineering of the oil field, and the method has certain guiding significance for the implementation of the later fracturing yield-increasing measures of the oil field. Therefore, obtaining a stratified geostress profile of a formation is of great significance to the development of oil and gas fields. The crustal stress profile can reflect the change rule of a crustal stress field in the longitudinal direction, and the accurate acquisition of the layered crustal stress parameters can provide basic parameters for the decision and design of each link of drilling engineering, oil and gas reservoir engineering, oil and gas production engineering and the like. Most oil fields are expensive and seldom measure the ground stress of oil wells directly, but the ground stress is measured by an acoustic velocity method, a fracture extending direction statistical method, a well wall caving method and a well deviation statistical method. The sound velocity method is generally applied by directly measuring the rock core, but the rock core sound velocity test device can only be operated in a laboratory and is inconvenient to carry, so that a plurality of rock cores can only be measured by taking back the oil field, the rock core sound velocity test is related to the uniformity of the rock core, and the measurement error of the sound velocity test is increased due to the inhomogeneous lithology, the development of microcracks, the bedding and the like; in addition, practice shows that the accuracy of a well deviation statistical method and a well wall caving method is limited, formation dip angle well logging is lacked in many times, well wall caving position orientation is difficult, the accuracy of a fracturing data method is high at any time, but old wells of a plurality of oil fields and a certain section of an oil well lack the data, and the method cannot draw the ground stress profile of the formation according to the measured ground stress information.
Thirdly, the invention content:
the invention aims to provide a device for measuring the ground stress, which has the advantages of reasonable design, convenient use and strong operability, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The invention provides a device for measuring ground stress, which has the technical scheme that: the device comprises a core diameter-double-slit converter (A), an adjusting spiral seat (1), a triangular support (2), a level (3), an experiment flat plate (5), a laser emitter (6), an optical filter (7), a single slit (8), a double slit (9), a shading cylinder (10), a light screen (11) and a micro-ocular (12), wherein the adjusting spiral seat (1) is arranged at the bottom of the experiment flat plate (5), the level (3), the laser emitter (6), the optical filter (7), the single slit (8), the double slit (9), the shading cylinder (10), the light screen (11) and the micro-ocular (12) are sequentially arranged on the upper part of the experiment flat plate (5), and the level (3) is used for detecting whether the experiment flat plate (5) is horizontal or not through an internal bubble (4); the laser emitter (6) emits monochromatic light with the wavelength lambda, and red light with a longer wavelength is selected; the single slit (8) is used for forming a linear light source, and the micro-ocular (12) is used for measuring the distance between the bright lines.
The core diameter-double-slit converter (A) comprises a groove adjusting shaft switch (15), a double-slit convex groove (16), a double-slit groove (17), a core (19), a sign line (20), a chassis azimuth angle (21), a uniform pressure spring group (22), a uniform pressure plate (23) and a converter main body (26), wherein the converter main body (26) is of a concave structure, the upper part of the left side of the converter main body is connected with the adjusting shaft, the uniform pressure spring group (22) is installed inside the right side of the converter main body, the groove adjusting shaft switch (15) is arranged on the adjusting shaft, the distance between the double-slit groove (17) and the double-slit convex groove (16) can be adjusted, the middle position of the double-slit convex groove (16) in the double-slit groove (17) is adjusted before an experiment is started, and therefore the core can be enabled to; the double-slit convex groove (16) is arranged at the top of the uniform pressure plate (23), the uniform pressure plate (23) is connected with the right side of the converter main body (26) in a protruding mode through a uniform pressure spring set (22), a rock core (19) is installed at a groove in the middle of the converter main body (26), and a mark line (20) determined on the rock core is used for conveniently measuring strain values of the rock cores in different directions; and a chassis azimuth angle is arranged below the core, and the core marking line rotates at an angle determined by the display number of the chassis azimuth angle during measurement.
A double-slit device level device (24) is arranged at the top of the right side of the converter main body (26), and the level of the converter main body (26) is checked through bubbles (25) of the double-slit device level device in the double-slit device level device (24); the bottom of the converter main body (26) is provided with a double-slit device horizontal spiral seat (18).
Foretell micrometering eyepiece (12) is including spring (27), eyepiece revolves wheel (28), activity forked filament graticule (29), screw rod (30), main scale (31), reading drum wheel (32) and eyepiece casing (33), eyepiece casing (33) internally mounted spring (27), activity forked filament graticule (29), screw rod (30) promote activity forked filament graticule (29) and remove along perpendicular to eyepiece optical axis direction, upside installation eyepiece revolves wheel (28) of eyepiece casing (33), main scale (31) and reading drum wheel (32) are connected on the right side of eyepiece casing (33), main scale direction is opposite with the micrometer, zero point is on the right, read and use mm as the integer part of unit, the decimal part is read out on reading drum wheel (32).
The invention provides a using method of a device for measuring ground stress, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) core preparation work, wherein the top and the bottom of a core are determined, marking lines are drawn on the ground and the side surfaces of the core, the non-oriented core of an oil field is subjected to orientation treatment, and the accurate position of the marking lines is determined;
(2) placing the core on the azimuth angle of the chassis, aligning the mark line with a certain azimuth angle, and recording the numerical value;
(3) the adjusting screw seat (1) is used for adjusting the experiment flat plate to be horizontal, and the experiment flat plate (5) can be made to be horizontal by adjusting the screw seat;
(4) a double-slit device level regulator (24) is adjusted, and the core diameter-double-slit converter (A) can be guaranteed to be horizontal through the double-slit device level regulator;
(5) a groove adjusting shaft switch (15) is turned on to increase the distance between the double slits, and meanwhile, a light source is turned on to adjust the height of the light source so that light beams emitted by the light source can illuminate the screen along the axis of the shading cylinder;
(6) placing the optical filter and the single slit, and enabling the distance between the single slit and the double slits to be about 5 cm-10 cm, so that the slits are parallel to each other;
(7) a groove adjusting shaft switch (15) is turned on, the double-slit convex groove is adjusted to be in the middle position of the double-slit groove, so that the rock core can be freely rotated to measure the change of strain values in different directions, the center of the double slit is approximately positioned on the axis of the shading cylinder, and then a white double-slit interference pattern can be seen on a screen;
(8) a groove adjusting shaft switch (15) is closed, and a fixing screw cap (13) and a fixing screw (14) are screwed tightly, so that the double-slit groove cannot move freely;
(9) installing a shading cylinder and a light screen, and if light appearing on the light screen is weak, the centers of all elements are positioned on the axis of the shading cylinder due to non-coaxial;
(10) measuring the distance from the double seam to the screenLMeasuring for many times by using a meter ruler, and taking an average value; through calculation, the crustal stress profile of the oil well can be drawn through the crustal stress of the cores at different coring depths.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure, simple operation, easy processing and manufacturing, convenient carrying and low cost, not only can accurately measure the rock strain, but also can realize the determination of the ground stress by using the physical parameters of the rock, and has important guiding significance for the high-efficiency development of the oil field. And because the device is convenient to carry and strong in practicability, the device can be used in an oil field core library, so that the determination of the crustal stress direction and size of a full core-taking section of the core can be realized, a stratigraphic crustal stress profile can be compiled, and the accurate acquisition of the stratigraphic crustal stress parameters can provide basic parameters for the decision and design of each link of drilling engineering, oil and gas reservoir engineering, oil and gas production engineering and the like. And the high cost of the oil field in the aspect of the current ground stress determination can be greatly saved, the instrument can be common instrument equipment of part of oil field developers, drilling personnel and geological exploration personnel, and has better market application prospect.
Fourthly, explanation of the attached drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a core diameter-double slit converter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of a microcamera;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of interference fringe effects;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for determining the diameter change and the main stress direction of a core;
in the upper diagram: the device comprises a core diameter-double-slit converter A, an adjusting screw seat 1, a triangular support 2, a level device 3, air bubbles 4, an experimental flat plate 5, a laser emitter 6, an optical filter 7, a single slit 8, a double slit 9, a shading cylinder 10, a light screen 11, a micro-measuring eyepiece 12, a fixed screw cap 13, a fixed screw 14, a groove adjusting shaft switch 15, a double-slit convex groove 16, a double-slit groove 17, a double-slit device horizontal screw seat 18, a core 19, a marking line 20, a chassis azimuth angle 21, a uniform pressure spring group 22, a uniform pressure plate 23, a double-slit device level device 24, double-slit device level device air bubbles 25, a converter main body 26, a spring 27, an eyepiece rotating wheel 28, a movable cross wire dividing plate 29, a screw rod 30, a main ruler 31, a reading drum wheel 32 and an eyepiece shell 33.
The fifth embodiment is as follows:
the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying figures 1 to 5:
the device for measuring the ground stress comprises a rock core diameter-double-slit converter A, an adjusting screw seat 1, a triangular support 2, a level device 3, an experiment flat plate 5, a laser emitter 6, an optical filter 7, a single slit 8, double slits 9, a shading cylinder 10, a light screen 11 and a micro-ocular 12, wherein the adjusting screw seat 1 is arranged at the bottom of the experiment flat plate 5, the level device 3, the laser emitter 6, the optical filter 7, the single slit 8, the double slits 9, the shading cylinder 10, the light screen 11 and the micro-ocular 12 are sequentially arranged at the upper part of the experiment flat plate 5, and the level device 3 is used for detecting whether the experiment flat plate 5 is horizontal or not through an internal bubble 4; the laser emitter 6 emits monochromatic light with the wavelength lambda, and red light with a longer wavelength is selected; the single slit 8 is used for forming a linear light source, and the micro-ocular 12 is used for measuring the distance between the bright lines.
The core diameter-double-slit converter A comprises a groove adjusting shaft switch 15, a double-slit convex groove 16, a double-slit groove 17, a core 19, a sign line 20, a chassis azimuth angle 21, a uniform pressure spring set 22, a uniform pressure plate 23 and a converter main body 26, wherein the converter main body 26 is of a concave structure, the upper part of the left side of the converter main body is connected with the adjusting shaft, the uniform pressure spring set 22 is installed inside the right side of the converter main body, the groove adjusting shaft switch 15 is arranged on the adjusting shaft, the distance between the double-slit groove 17 and the double-slit convex groove 16 can be adjusted, and the middle position of the double-slit convex groove 16 in the double-slit groove 17 is adjusted before an experiment begins so as to ensure that the core can freely rotate to; the double-slit convex groove 16 is arranged at the top of the uniform pressure plate 23, the uniform pressure plate 23 is connected with the right side of the converter main body 26 in a protruding mode through a uniform pressure spring group 22, a rock core 19 is installed at a groove in the middle of the converter main body 26, and a mark line 20 determined on the rock core is used for conveniently measuring strain values of the rock cores in different directions; and a chassis azimuth angle is arranged below the core, and the core marking line rotates at an angle determined by the display number of the chassis azimuth angle during measurement.
A double-slit device level 24 is arranged at the top of the right side of the converter main body 26, and the level of the converter main body 26 is checked through double-slit device level bubbles 25 in the double-slit device level 24; the bottom of the converter main body 26 is provided with a double-slit device horizontal screw seat 18.
Micrometering eyepiece 12 includes spring 27, eyepiece revolver 28, activity forked silk reticle 29, screw rod 30, main scale 31, reading drum 32 and eyepiece casing 33, eyepiece casing 33 internally mounted spring 27, activity forked silk reticle 29, screw rod 30 promotes activity forked silk reticle 29 and moves along perpendicular to eyepiece optical axis direction, eyepiece casing 33's upside installation eyepiece revolver 28, main scale 31 and reading drum 32 are connected to eyepiece casing 33's right side, main scale direction is opposite with the micrometer, zero point is on the right, read the integer part with mm as the unit, the decimal part is read out on reading drum 32.
A use method for measuring the ground stress by using an oil well core comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) core preparation work, wherein the top and the bottom of a core are determined, marking lines are drawn on the ground and the side surfaces of the core, the non-oriented core of an oil field is subjected to orientation treatment, and the accurate position of the marking lines is determined;
(2) placing the core on the azimuth angle of the chassis, aligning the mark line with a certain azimuth angle, and recording the numerical value;
(3) the adjusting screw seat 1 is used for adjusting the experiment flat plate to be horizontal, and the experiment flat plate 5 can be made to be horizontal by adjusting the screw seat;
(4) adjusting a double-slit device level 24, wherein the level of the core diameter-double-slit converter A can be ensured through the double-slit device level;
(5) opening a groove adjusting shaft switch 15 to increase the distance between the double slits, and simultaneously opening a light source to adjust the height of the light source so that light beams emitted by the light source can illuminate the screen along the axis of the shading cylinder;
(6) placing the optical filter and the single slit, and enabling the distance between the single slit and the double slits to be about 5 cm-10 cm, so that the slits are parallel to each other;
(7) the groove adjusting shaft switch 15 is turned on, the double-slit convex groove is adjusted to be in the middle position of the double-slit groove, so that the rock core can be freely rotated to measure the change of strain values in different directions, the center of the double slit is approximately positioned on the axis of the shading cylinder, and then a white double-slit interference pattern can be seen on a screen;
(8) the groove adjusting shaft switch 15 is closed, and the fixing screw cap 13 and the fixing screw 14 are screwed tightly, so that the double-slit groove cannot move freely;
(9) installing a shading cylinder and a light screen, and if light appearing on the light screen is weak, the centers of all elements are positioned on the axis of the shading cylinder due to non-coaxial;
(10) measuring the distance from the double seam to the screenLMeasuring for many times by using a meter ruler, and taking an average value;
(11) after the monochromatic light passes through the single slit, a stable interference pattern is generated through the double slits, and the distance △ between two adjacent bright (dark) stripes is measured by using a micrometering eyepiecexFrom which, in order to reduce errors, it is possible to determinenDistance between bright (dark) barsaAnd then:
（1）
(12) distance △ between two adjacent light (dark) stripes in the patternxDistance from double slitdDistance from double seam to screenLWavelength of monochromatic lightλSatisfies the following conditions:
（2）
(13) the core diameter-double-slit distance d in different directions can be obtained by rotating the core, and strain values in corresponding directions can be obtained according to the standard diameter of the core drill bit:
（3）
wherein,d1、d2the maximum double-slit distance and the minimum double-slit distance after the omnibearing measurement of the rock core are obtained,lis the standard diameter of the core bit,is the strain value in the direction of maximum strain,is the strain value of the minimum principal strain. After the core is oriented, strain values of the core in different directions can be obtained (as shown in figure 5);
(14) as shown in the fifth graph, the direction of the maximum principal stress at the corresponding depth of the oil well core can be judged to be 135 degrees from the south east, and the direction of the minimum principal stress is 225 degrees from the south west because the measurement accuracy can reach 10-7m, so the corresponding ground stress magnitude can be obtained:
will be provided with、Both units are converted into standard unit meter
（4）
Wherein E is the static elastic modulus of the rock, mu is the Poisson's ratio, and both can be obtained by rock mechanics experiment or sound velocity logging conversionIn order to be the horizontal maximum principal stress,is the horizontal minimum principal stress magnitude;
(15) the crustal stress profile of the well can be plotted by the crustal stress of the core at different coring depths.
Claims (1)
1. A device for measuring ground stress is characterized in that: the using method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a rock core, determining the top and bottom of the rock core, drawing mark lines on the bottom surface and the side surface of the rock core, performing orientation treatment on an unoriented rock core of an oil field, and determining the accurate position of the mark lines;
(2) placing the core on the azimuth angle of the chassis, aligning the mark line with a certain azimuth angle, and recording the numerical value;
(3) the adjusting screw seat (1) is used for adjusting the experiment flat plate to be horizontal, and the experiment flat plate (5) can be made to be horizontal by adjusting the screw seat;
(4) a double-slit device level regulator (24) is adjusted, and the core diameter-double-slit converter (A) can be guaranteed to be horizontal through the double-slit device level regulator;
(5) a groove adjusting shaft switch (15) is turned on to increase the distance between the double slits, and meanwhile, a light source is turned on to adjust the height of the light source so that light beams emitted by the light source can illuminate the screen along the axis of the shading cylinder;
(6) placing the optical filter and the single slit, and enabling the distance between the single slit and the double slits to be about 5 cm-10 cm, so that the slits are parallel to each other;
(7) a groove adjusting shaft switch (15) is turned on, the double-slit convex groove is adjusted to be in the middle position of the double-slit groove, so that the rock core can be freely rotated to measure the change of strain values in different directions, the center of the double slit is approximately positioned on the axis of the shading cylinder, and then a white double-slit interference pattern can be seen on a screen;
(8) a groove adjusting shaft switch (15) is closed, and a fixing screw cap (13) and a fixing screw (14) are screwed tightly, so that the double-slit groove cannot move freely;
(9) installing a shading cylinder and a light screen, and if light appearing on the light screen is weak, the centers of all elements are positioned on the axis of the shading cylinder due to non-coaxial;
(10) measuring the distance from the double seam to the screenLMeasuring for many times by using a meter ruler, and taking an average value; through calculation, the crustal stress profile of the oil well can be drawn through the crustal stress of the cores at different coring depths.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810672096.4A CN108896224B (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Device for measuring ground stress |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310649411.9A CN104697672B (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | A kind of device using oil well rock core geodetic stress |
| CN201810672096.4A CN108896224B (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Device for measuring ground stress |
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| CN201310649411.9A Division CN104697672B (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | A kind of device using oil well rock core geodetic stress |
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| CN108896224A true CN108896224A (en) | 2018-11-27 |
| CN108896224B CN108896224B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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| CN201810672098.3A Pending CN108896225A (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | A kind of device of rock core geodetic stress |
| CN201310649411.9A Expired - Fee Related CN104697672B (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | A kind of device using oil well rock core geodetic stress |
| CN201810672096.4A Expired - Fee Related CN108896224B (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Device for measuring ground stress |
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| CN201310649411.9A Expired - Fee Related CN104697672B (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | A kind of device using oil well rock core geodetic stress |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115752864A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 西南科技大学 | Method for testing working stress of single-slit double-strain material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105134194B (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2018-01-02 | 中南大学 | A kind of device and measuring method that crustal stress is measured by one borehole |
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| 王建军等: "《中华人民共和国 地震行业标准 DB/T 14-2000》", 31 December 2000 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115752864A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 西南科技大学 | Method for testing working stress of single-slit double-strain material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104697672A (en) | 2015-06-10 |
| CN108896225A (en) | 2018-11-27 |
| CN108896224B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
| CN104697672B (en) | 2018-11-27 |
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