CN108832307A - A kind of beam-shaped antenna - Google Patents
A kind of beam-shaped antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN108832307A CN108832307A CN201810537493.0A CN201810537493A CN108832307A CN 108832307 A CN108832307 A CN 108832307A CN 201810537493 A CN201810537493 A CN 201810537493A CN 108832307 A CN108832307 A CN 108832307A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the present application discloses a kind of beam-shaped antenna, it may include:Aerial array and feeding network;Aerial array includes M*N antenna oscillator, and M and N are all larger than or are equal to 6;Feeding network includes the power splitter of dualbeam feeding network and N number of 1 point of M, dualbeam feeding network includes the first beam port, the second beam port and N number of output port, N number of output port is connect with the input port of N number of power splitter respectively, and the output port of N number of power splitter is correspondingly connected with N array antenna oscillator respectively;When the first beam port or the second beam port input electric feed signal feed N array antenna oscillator, the processing of reverse phase 180 degree is carried out by the feed to rear N/2 array antenna oscillator, so that the phase distribution of N array antenna oscillator constitutes arithmetic progression.Using the application, it can be achieved that double narrow beams and having the shaped aerial of quick roll-off characteristic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of communication technology more particularly to beam-shaped antennas.
Background technique
Wave beam forming can generate the wave beam with directive property by adjusting the weighting coefficient of array element each in aerial array,
So as to obtain specific pattern characteristics.Therefore, beamforming technique expand the coverage area, improve edge throughput with
And interference supression etc. has very big advantage.When beam-shaped antenna is for crowded scenes such as highly dense venues;It is logical
Often require beam-shaped antenna that there is wave beam quickly to roll-off, the low feature of secondary lobe, so as to reduce the interference between different sectors.
Existing beam-shaped antenna lobe width is usually wider, and the speed of roll-offing of lobe width is slower, interferes larger.
With the promotion of capacity requirement, it is gradually unable to satisfy customer demand, needs the wave beam forming day for supporting more multiple cell to divide
Line occurs.It would therefore be desirable to have the antennas of more narrow beam, and since wave beam is narrower, the roll off requirement of lobe width is higher, therefore also needs
Ensure that lobe width has quick roll-off characteristic.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present application technical problem to be solved is, provides a kind of beam-shaped antenna.To solve existing day
Slow problem that line lobe width is wider, lobe width roll-offs.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of beam-shaped antenna, including:
First antenna array and the first feeding network;
The first antenna array includes M*N antenna oscillator, and M and N are the integer more than or equal to 6;
First feeding network includes the power splitter of dualbeam feeding network and N number of 1 point of M, the dualbeam feed
Network include the first beam port, the second beam port and N number of output port, N number of output port respectively with it is described N number of
The input port of the power splitter of 1 point of M connects, the output port of the power splitter of N number of 1 point of M respectively with the first antenna battle array
N array antenna oscillator in column is correspondingly connected with;
When first beam port or second beam port input electric feed signal shake to the 1st column to Nth column antenna
When son is fed, byThe feed for arranging Nth column antenna oscillator carries out the processing of reverse phase 180 degree, so that described the
The phase distribution that 1st column of one aerial array arrive the antenna oscillator of Nth column constitutes arithmetic progression.
In a kind of possible embodiment, the beam forming antenna further includes:
The second aerial array identical with the first antenna array, the second feed identical with first feeding network
Network and the first combiner, the second combiner, third combiner and the 4th combiner;
First beam port of the first beam port of first feeding network and second feeding network, respectively with
First combiner connection, for realizing the positive polarization of the first wave beam;
Second beam port of the second beam port of first feeding network and second feeding network, respectively with
Second combiner connection, for realizing the positive polarization of the second wave beam;
First beam port of the first beam port of first feeding network and second feeding network, respectively with
Third combiner connection, for realizing the negative polarization of the first wave beam;
Second beam port of the second beam port of first feeding network and second feeding network, respectively with
4th combiner connection, for realizing the negative polarization of the second wave beam.
In a kind of possible embodiment, when needing to reduce the volume of the first antenna array, then described in removal
It is located at least four antenna oscillator of the first antenna array totally 4 angular zones in first antenna array.
In a kind of possible embodiment, it is located at the first antenna array in the removal first antenna array
At least four antenna oscillator of totally 4 angular zones, including:
Remove the 1st column of row the 1st in the first antenna array, the 1st row Nth column, M row the 1st column and M row Nth column
4 antenna oscillators.
In a kind of possible embodiment, it is located at the first antenna array in the removal first antenna array
At least four antenna oscillator of totally 4 angular zones, including:
Remove the 1st row the 1st column in the first antenna array, the 1st row the 2nd column, the 2nd row the 1st column, the 1st row Nth column, the 1st
Row (N-1) column, the 2nd row Nth column, M row the 1st column, the column of M row the 2nd, the column of (M-1) row the 1st, M row Nth column, M row
12 antenna oscillators of (N-1) column and (M-1) row Nth column.
In a kind of possible embodiment, it is located at the first antenna array in the removal first antenna array
At least four antenna oscillator of totally 4 angular zones, including:
Remove the 1st row the 1st column in the first antenna array, the 1st row the 2nd column, the 2nd row the 1st column, the 2nd row the 2nd column, the 1st
Row Nth column, the 1st row (N-1) column, the 2nd row Nth column, the 2nd row (N-1) column, the column of M row the 1st, the column of M row the 2nd, (M-
1) column of row the 1st, the 2nd column of (M-1) row, M row Nth column, M row (N-1) column, (M-1) row Nth column and (M-1)
16 antenna oscillators of row (N-1) column.
In a kind of possible embodiment, when needing to reduce the volume of the first antenna array, then by described
The antenna oscillator of odd column and even column carries out Heterogeneous Permutation in one aerial array, reduces the gap between each column antenna oscillator.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described.
Fig. 1 is a kind of composition schematic diagram of beam-shaped antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;
Fig. 2 is the composition schematic diagram for the beam-shaped antenna that a kind of aerial array provided by the embodiments of the present application is 8*8;
Fig. 3 is the simulation result schematic diagram of beam-shaped antenna shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 be include two aerial arrays beam-shaped antenna composition schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is a kind of arrangement schematic diagram for reducing aerial array volume;
Fig. 6 is another arrangement schematic diagram for reducing aerial array volume;
Fig. 7 is another the arrangement schematic diagram for reducing aerial array volume;
Fig. 8 is another the arrangement schematic diagram for reducing aerial array volume.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of embodiments of the present application, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the application, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
Fig. 1 is please referred to, is a kind of composition schematic diagram of beam-shaped antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;May include:
First antenna array 100 and the first feeding network 200;
The first antenna array 100 includes M*N antenna oscillator, and M and N are the integer more than or equal to 6;
Power splitter 202 of first feeding network 200 including dualbeam feeding network 201 and N number of 1 point of M, it is described double
Wave beam feeding network 201 includes the first beam port 2011, the second beam port 2012 and N number of output port 2013, the N
A output port 2013 is connect with the input port of the power splitter 202 of N number of 1 point of M respectively, the power splitter of N number of 1 point of M
202 output port is correspondingly connected with the N array antenna oscillator in the first antenna array 100 respectively;
When first beam port 2011 input electric feed signal feeds the 1st column to Nth column antenna oscillator, lead to
It crosses toThe feed for arranging Nth column antenna oscillator carries out the processing of reverse phase 180 degree, so that the 1st of the first antenna array the
The phase distribution for arranging the antenna oscillator of Nth column constitutes arithmetic progression.
Wherein, first antenna array 100 is the radiating element of beam-shaped antenna, can be used for emitting and receiving radio frequency letter
Number.First feeding network 200 for being fed to first antenna array 100, it includes beam forming network 201 for pair
The wave beam that first antenna array 100 radiates carries out wave beam forming, and the beam port of beam forming network 201 is for inputting feed letter
Number, power splitter 202 for will input signal energy is divided into two-way all the way or multichannel exports, N number of power splitter 202 respectively with N
Array antenna oscillator is corresponding, is connected respectively by radio-frequency cable, and M output port of each power splitter 202 corresponds to the M in each column
A antenna oscillator.
ToThe feed for arranging Nth column antenna oscillator carries out the processing of reverse phase 180 degree, can be by by this part day
The signal of left arm and the right arm input of linear oscillator exchange input to realize, can also be by phase inverter by the defeated of antenna oscillator
Enter signal and carry out the processing of reverse phase 180 degree to realize, the embodiment of the present application is not limited in any way.
In the embodiment of the present application, it can be divided by the inclusion of the large complicated aerial array of mutiple antennas oscillator smaller
Narrow beam scheme is realized in sector, then can carry out figuration to wave beam by dualbeam feeding network, and by aerial array
In the antenna oscillator of half columns carry out positive polarization feed, and simultaneously to the antenna oscillator of the other half columns in aerial array
Reversed negative polarization feed is carried out, so as to realize the effect of dualbeam, promotes the signal cover of antenna.
The beam-shaped antenna in the application is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.
It referring to figure 2., is that a kind of composition for the beam-shaped antenna that aerial array is 8*8 provided by the embodiments of the present application shows
It is intended to;Wherein, X is antenna oscillator, and each power splitter 202 includes 1 input port and 8 output ports, 8 output ports point
It is not connected with 8 antenna oscillators of a corresponding column, one in 8 output ports of input port and dualbeam feeding network 201
A connection.When wave beam is horizontal direction, the first beam port 2011 can be left beam port, and the second beam port 2012 can
Think right beam port.
When electric feed signal is from left beam port feed-in, then from left to right the phase of 8 output ports is followed successively by 0 degree, and 45 degree,
90 degree, 135 degree, 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree;When electric feed signal is from right beam port feed-in, then from left to right 8 output ends
The phase of mouth is followed successively by 0 degree, and -45 degree, -90 degree, -135 degree, 0 degree, -45 degree, -90 spend, -135 degree;In order to realize left and right double wave
The effect of beam, can by inputting electric feed signal from different beam port, and in order to realize that narrow beam covers, can by
When array-fed to first antenna, the feed for carrying out reverse phase 180 degree to the array of later half columns is handled, final to realize N column day
The phase distribution of linear oscillator constitutes arithmetic progression, for example, when from left beam port feed-in electric feed signal, the phase of N array antenna oscillator
For bit distribution by original 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree, 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree become 0 degree, and 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree,
180 degree, 225 degree, 270 degree, 315 degree.When right beam port inputs electric feed signal, the phase distribution of N array antenna oscillator is by original
0 degree come, -45 degree, -90 degree, -135 degree, 0 degree, -45 spend, -90 degree, and -135 degree become 0 degree, and -45 degree, -90 degree, -135 spend, -
180 degree, -225 degree, -270 degree, -315 degree.
It is of course also possible to wave beam be vertical direction, then at this time the first beam port 2011 can be upper ripple beam port, second
Beam port 2012 can be lower beam port, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited in any way.Its specific implementation is the same as shown in Fig. 2
Implementation is similar, and details are not described herein again.
It referring to figure 3., is the simulation result schematic diagram of beam-shaped antenna radiation direction shown in Fig. 2;
As shown, horizontal direction is dualbeam, vertical direction is simple beam;Total space minor level is not less than 20dB,
The power fall down angle of the 3dB to 20dB of horizontal plane and vertical plane is less than 10 degree, to realize lobe width i.e. radio wave
The effect that the angle that the covering of the fan that radiation is formed is opened quickly is roll-offed.And from the point of view of the stereoscopic effect of its radiation direction, Mei Gebo
The projection of shape of beam antenna pattern is approximating square, can get preferably radiation coverage effect.
The Ke Yifa in the crowded scene such as highly dense venue is configured using the beam-shaped antenna of the embodiment of the present application
Existing, since the beam-shaped antenna lobe width in the application is smaller, venue of the same area can take for more users
Business, therefore capacity will greatly increase;And by the realization of dualbeam, required antenna amount will greatly reduce.
And when needing to increase aerial array, it can realize that antenna is combined by increasing combiner.
Specifically can refer to Fig. 4, be include two aerial arrays beam-shaped antenna composition schematic diagram;Due to transmission network
Network 200 can divide left beam port and right beam port to be fed the effect to realize dualbeam, and can also carry out just
Polarization feed and negative polarization feed, therefore feeding network 200 can be divided into positive polarization feeding network and negative polarization feeding network.
In the embodiment of the present application, beam-shaped antenna includes:First antenna array 100, the first positive polarization feeding network
2001, the first negative polarization feeding network 2002, the second aerial array 300, the second positive polarization feeding network 4001, the second negative polarization
Feeding network 4002, the first combiner 500, the second combiner 600, third combiner 700 and the 4th combiner 800.
The first wave of first beam port of the first positive polarization feeding network 2001 and the second positive polarization feeding network 4001
Beam port is connect, for realizing the positive polarization of the first wave beam respectively with the first combiner 500;
Second wave of the second beam port of the first positive polarization feeding network 2001 and the second positive polarization feeding network 4001
Beam port is connect, for realizing the positive polarization of the second wave beam respectively with the second combiner 600;
The first wave of first beam port of the first positive polarization feeding network 2001 and the second positive polarization feeding network 4001
Beam port is connect with third combiner 700 respectively, for realizing the negative polarization of the first wave beam;
Second wave of the second beam port of the first positive polarization feeding network 2001 and the second positive polarization feeding network 4001
Beam port is connect with the 4th combiner 800 respectively, for realizing the negative polarization of the second wave beam.
The feeding network for inputting identical polarization electric feed signal is combined by configuring combiner, multiple days may be implemented
The volume of multi-antenna array is saved in the combination of linear array.
It, can be by reducing the quantity of antenna oscillator or changing day in order to reduce the cost of manufacture and installation cost of antenna
The arrangement of linear oscillator carrys out the volume of the saving aerial array of adaptability.
For example, can then be removed in the first antenna array when needing to reduce the volume of the first antenna array
It positioned at least four antenna oscillator of the first antenna array totally 4 angular zones, and is the first antenna after removal antenna oscillator
The corresponding power splitter of array configuration.
When only removing 4 antenna oscillators, the 1st row the 1st column, the 1st row N in the first antenna array can be removed
4 antenna oscillators of column, the column of M row the 1st and M row Nth column.
When removing 12 antenna oscillators, can remove in the first antenna array the 1st row the 1st column, the 1st row the 2nd column,
2nd column of row the 1st, the 1st row Nth column, the 1st row (N-1) column, the 2nd row Nth column, M row the 1st column, the column of M row the 2nd, (M-1)
12 antenna oscillators of the column of row the 1st, M row Nth column, M row (N-1) column and (M-1) row Nth column.
When removing 16 antenna oscillators, can remove in the first antenna array the 1st row the 1st column, the 1st row the 2nd column,
2nd row the 1st column, the 2nd column of row the 2nd, the 1st row Nth column, the 1st row (N-1) column, the 2nd row Nth column, the 2nd row (N-1) column, M
The column of row the 1st, the column of M row the 2nd, the column of (M-1) row the 1st, the column of (M-1) row the 2nd, M row Nth column, M row (N-1) column, the
(M-1) 16 antenna oscillators of row Nth column and (M-1) row (N-1) column.
8*8 aerial array in embodiment as shown in connection with fig. 2 reduces aerial array when needing to remove some antennas oscillator
Volume when, reference can be made to Fig. 5-embodiment illustrated in fig. 7 carries out the removal of antenna oscillator.
Referring to figure 5., a kind of arrangement schematic diagram to reduce aerial array volume;As shown in figure 5, relative to conventional 8*
8 aerial arrays can remove its upper left, lower-left, upper right, each antenna oscillator of the angular zone of bottom right 4, remove 4 antennas altogether
Oscillator;
Similarly, reference can be made to Fig. 6, another for reduction aerial array volume arrange schematic diagram;Relative to conventional 8*8 days
Linear array can remove its upper left, lower-left, upper right, each 3 antenna oscillators of the angular zone of bottom right 4, remove 12 antenna vibrations altogether
Son;
Similarly, reference can be made to Fig. 7, another for reduction aerial array volume arrange schematic diagram.Relative to conventional 8*8 days
Linear array can remove its upper left, lower-left, upper right, each 4 antenna oscillators of the angular zone of bottom right 4, remove 16 antenna vibrations altogether
Son;
Due to removal be 4 angular zones several antenna oscillators, beam forming to aerial array and radiation covering model
It encloses influence less, but can play the role of well reducing aerial array volume, reduce the cost of manufacture and installation cost of antenna.
After eliminating some antennas oscillator, feeding network is also required to carry out the adjustment of adaptability, such as adjusts power splitter
Output port connect with the radio-frequency cable of each column antenna oscillator.
In addition, other than volume of the removal some antennas oscillator to reduce aerial array, it can also be to aerial array
Arrangement carries out dislocation configuration, realizes the effect of reduction aerial array volume.
It can be found in Fig. 8, for another arrangement schematic diagram of reduction aerial array volume.As shown in figure 8, can be by antenna array
The antenna oscillator of odd column and even column carries out Heterogeneous Permutation in column, reduces the gap between each column antenna oscillator, can also manage
Solution is not being reduced to be arranged in the antenna oscillator of even column in the gap of two adjacent column odd column antenna oscillators to realize
Under the premise of antenna oscillator quantity, reduce the volume of aerial array.Equally to the beam forming of aerial array and radiation covering model
It encloses influence less, but can play the role of well reducing aerial array volume, reduce the cost of manufacture and installation cost of antenna.
According to beam-shaped antenna above-mentioned, the embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of communication equipment, the communication equipment packets
Include processing unit and above-mentioned beam-shaped antenna;
The beam-shaped antenna can be used for receiving wireless signal, and the received wireless signal is sent to described
Processing unit is handled;
The wireless signal after the processing unit is used to handle the wireless signal and will be processed passes through the wave
Beam shaped aerial is launched.
Processing unit may include processor, memory and bus.Processor is connected with memory by bus, the storage
For storing instruction, which is used to execute the instruction of memory storage to device, to realize the processing step of wireless signal.
Processor can be considered to be realized by dedicated processes chip, processing circuit, processor or general-purpose chip.
It should be noted that first, second, third, fourth and the various digital numbers that are referred to herein are only to describe
The differentiation for facilitating progress is not intended to limit the range of the embodiment of the present application.
The above, the only specific embodiment of the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited thereto, it is any
Those familiar with the art within the technical scope of the present application, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within the scope of protection of this application.Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of beam-shaped antenna, which is characterized in that including:
First antenna array and the first feeding network;
The first antenna array includes M*N antenna oscillator, and M and N are the integer more than or equal to 6;
First feeding network includes the power splitter of dualbeam feeding network and N number of 1 point of M, the dualbeam feeding network
Including the first beam port, the second beam port and N number of output port, N number of output port respectively with N number of 1 point of M
Power splitter input port connection, the output port of the power splitter of N number of 1 point of M is respectively and in the first antenna array
N array antenna oscillator be correspondingly connected with;
When first beam port or second beam port input electric feed signal to the 1st column to Nth column antenna oscillator into
When row feed, by theThe feed for arranging Nth column antenna oscillator carries out the processing of reverse phase 180 degree, so that described first day
The phase distribution that 1st column of linear array arrive the antenna oscillator of Nth column constitutes arithmetic progression.
2. beam-shaped antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the beam forming antenna further includes:
The second aerial array identical with the first antenna array, the second transmission network identical with first feeding network
Network and the first combiner, the second combiner, third combiner and the 4th combiner;
First beam port of the first beam port of first feeding network and second feeding network, respectively with first
Combiner connection, for realizing the positive polarization of the first wave beam;
Second beam port of the second beam port of first feeding network and second feeding network, respectively with second
Combiner connection, for realizing the positive polarization of the second wave beam;
First beam port of the first beam port of first feeding network and second feeding network, respectively with third
Combiner connection, for realizing the negative polarization of the first wave beam;
Second beam port of the second beam port of first feeding network and second feeding network, respectively with the 4th
Combiner connection, for realizing the negative polarization of the second wave beam.
3. beam-shaped antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when needing to reduce the first antenna array
When volume, then at least four antenna vibration for being located at the first antenna array totally 4 angular zones in the first antenna array is removed
Son.
4. beam-shaped antenna according to claim 3, which is characterized in that position in the removal first antenna array
In at least four antenna oscillator of the first antenna array totally 4 angular zones, including:
Remove 4 of the 1st column of row the 1st in the first antenna array, the 1st row Nth column, M row the 1st column and M row Nth column
Antenna oscillator.
5. beam-shaped antenna according to claim 3, which is characterized in that position in the removal first antenna array
In at least four antenna oscillator of the first antenna array totally 4 angular zones, including:
Remove the 1st row the 1st column in the first antenna array, the 1st row the 2nd column, the 2nd row the 1st column, the 1st row Nth column, the 1st row
(N-1) column, the 2nd row Nth column, M row the 1st column, the column of M row the 2nd, the column of (M-1) row the 1st, M row Nth column, M row (N-
1) column and 12 antenna oscillators of (M-1) row Nth column.
6. beam-shaped antenna according to claim 3, which is characterized in that position in the removal first antenna array
In at least four antenna oscillator of the first antenna array totally 4 angular zones, including:
Remove in the first antenna array the 1st row the 1st column, the 1st row the 2nd column, the 2nd row the 1st column, the 2nd row the 2nd column, the 1st row the
N column, the 1st row (N-1) column, the 2nd row Nth column, the 2nd row (N-1) column, the column of M row the 1st, the column of M row the 2nd, (M-1) row
1st column, the column of (M-1) row the 2nd, M row Nth column, M row (N-1) column, (M-1) row Nth column and (M-1) row the
(N-1) 16 antenna oscillators arranged.
7. beam-shaped antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when needing to reduce the first antenna array
When volume, then the antenna oscillator of odd column and even column in the first antenna array is subjected to Heterogeneous Permutation, reduces each column day
Gap between linear oscillator.
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CN112290235A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-01-29 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Antenna array |
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CN206116601U (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-04-19 | 深圳市金溢科技股份有限公司 | A do not stop charge antenna and electronic toll collection system for parking area side dress |
CN106571537A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-04-19 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Bipolar two-beam low-side-lobe rapid-drop rectangular shaping array antenna |
CN106602279A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-04-26 | 华南理工大学 | Double-beam antenna system |
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CN112290235A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-01-29 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Antenna array |
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