CN108686211A - 一种治疗肝纤维化的药物和治疗方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及靶向NS5ATP9(HCV NS5A‑transactivated protein 9)预防或治疗组织纤维化、组织硬化的药物的筛选方法,及使用上述方法筛选获得的药物。NS5ATP9通过调控TGFβ1/Smad3信号通路,显著调控细胞外基质胶原及非胶原糖蛋白的表达,影响组织纤维化的发生、发展进程;同时NS5ATP9通过调节Smad3蛋白磷酸化修饰水平和细胞内的转位情况,促进肝星状细胞的凋亡、抑制肝星状细胞的增殖,调控细胞外基质沉积。TDF/TAF能够有效的调控NS5ATP9基因的表达,并已在CCl4诱导的小鼠肝纤维化模型中得到验证,TDF/TAF在预防或治疗CCl4诱导的小鼠肝纤维化中,取得了显著效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于制药领域,具体而言,本发明涉及一种靶向NS5ATP9基因筛选治疗或预防组织纤维化疾病的药物的方法,以及通过上述方法筛选获得的药物。
背景技术
纤维化(fibrosis)可发生于多种组织器官,主要病理改变为器官组织内纤维结缔组织增多,实质细胞减少,持续进展可致器官结构破坏和功能减退,乃至衰竭,严重威胁人类健康和生命。在全世界范围内,组织纤维化是许多疾病致残、致死的主要原因,据美国有关统计资料证明,美国因各种疾病而致死的病人中,接近45%可以归于组织纤维增生疾病。
肝纤维化在组织纤维化患者中尤其常见,它是肝脏受损后,机体在修复过程中纤维结缔组织在肝组织中过度沉积的一种可逆性病理现象。肝纤维化的诱因有多种,各种慢性病毒性肝类疾病患者,都是肝纤维化、肝硬化最易发生的高危人群;酗酒或长期饮酒者初期发生脂肪肝,后期可发展为肝纤维化、肝硬化,其他如肥胖等非酒精性因素导致的脂肪肝,也可以发展为肝纤维化、肝硬化;另外,反复感染血吸虫容易引起门脉性肝纤维化;慢性胆汁淤积可产生胆汁性肝纤维化;肝豆状核变性和血色素沉积可产生代谢性肝纤维化;各种有毒物质可引起中毒性肝纤维化;喜好低蛋白饮食和偏爱肥肉煎炸食品的人可产生营养不良性肝纤维化;慢性充血性心衰患者可产生心源性肝纤维化。
肝纤维化的发生和发展机制十分复杂,目前研究主要围绕肝星状细胞的激活和转化,其可能途径是各种慢性刺激激活转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、血管衍生生长因子(PDGF)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)等介导的信号转导通路及前列腺素内氧化还原酶(COX-2)、弥漫性细胞外基质(ECM)和氧化应激等激活肝星状细胞,使其转化为肌成纤维细胞和成纤维细胞导致细胞外基质分泌增多或降解减少,进而形成肝纤维化等。由于对其机制尚未明确,因此,在治疗药物方面受到一定的限制。
目前临床对于病毒性肝炎(乙型肝炎或丙型肝炎为主)引起的肝纤维化或肝硬化的治疗,主要使用核苷(酸)类似物或者干扰素进行抗病毒治疗,通过抑制病毒复制,控制炎症因子的反应,减缓肝纤维化或肝硬化进展。但对于酒精性、代谢性、药物性等其他诱因引起的肝纤维化或肝硬化,尚无有效治疗手段,主要以中药或中成药进行辅助治疗。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术中存在的缺陷和空白,本发明发现了NS5ATP9在纤维化组织和正常组织中的表达差异,并在体外实验研究证实NS5ATP9可以通过抑制细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡,调控TGF-β1/Smad3信号通路等多种途径抑制肝星状细胞活化及纤维化发生、发展过程。并建立了NS5ATP9基因敲除的小鼠和斑马鱼动物模型。在细胞系和动物模型的基础上筛选获得TDF/TAF可以显著上调NS5ATP9基因的表达,并且对于CCl4诱导的小鼠肝纤维化模型具有显著的治疗作用。
本发明的具体技术方案如下:
本发明提供了一种以NS5ATP9基因或NS5ATP9蛋白作为药物靶点在筛选和/或制备预防和/或治疗肝纤维化疾病药物中的用途。
本发明提供了一种以NS5ATP9激动剂为靶点的在制备预防和/或治疗肝纤维化疾病药物中的用途。
本发明提供了一种替诺福韦酯(TDF)、替诺福韦艾拉酚胺富马酸(TAF)或二者的衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肝纤维化疾病的药物中的用途。
本发明提供了一种治疗肝纤维化疾病的方法,向患者施用药学上有效剂量的替诺福韦酯(TDF)、替诺福韦艾拉酚胺富马酸(TAF)或二者的衍生物。
本发明所述纤维化主要病理改变为器官组织内纤维结缔组织增多,实质细胞减少。
本发明所述肝纤维化疾病,优选肝硬化。
本发明所述肝纤维化疾病可以是由病毒性疾病引起的,例如病毒性(HBV、HCV)肝炎,也可以是由非病毒性病因引起的,例如酒精性、代谢性、营养障碍性、药物性、毒物性、循环障碍性肝纤维化疾病。
本发明提供了一种促进肝星状细胞凋亡和/或抑制肝星状细胞增殖的方法,使用有效剂量的替诺福韦酯(TDF)、替诺福韦艾拉酚胺富马酸(TAF)和/或其二者的衍生物与肝星状细胞相接触。
本发明提供了一种NS5ATP9基因敲除的动物模型,所述动物选自大鼠、小鼠或斑马鱼。
本发明提供了一种NS5ATP9基因敲除的动物模型的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
1)靶基因定位:人基因NS5ATP9在鼠种中即基因m2810417H13Rik(NM_026515.2;Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000040204),该基因位于小鼠9号染色体上;
2)TALEN设计和构建:将m2810417H13Rik基因外显子2作为TALEN基因编辑术靶点;
3)基因编辑:小鼠受精卵原核注射经TALEN编辑的mRNA,注射后的受精卵移植入假孕母鼠的体内;
4)获得阳性F0代小鼠:饲养移植受体母鼠,并鉴定阳性F0代小鼠;
5)获得种系遗传的F1代杂合小鼠:将步骤4)获得的阳性小鼠与野生小鼠合笼交配,获得F1代杂合小鼠;
6)获得NS5ATP9基因敲除的纯合型小鼠:F1代小鼠自交,获得纯合型NS5ATP9基因敲除小鼠。
本发明提供了一种NS5ATP9基因或其蛋白作为组织纤维化疾病诊断靶点的用途。
在本发明中,TDF和TAF可使用市售药物,例如韦瑞德(Viread)、替诺福韦艾拉酚胺富马酸(tenofovir alafenamide fumarate),或者可使用通过化学合成方法获得的TDF或TAF或其二者的衍生物。
本发明所述肝纤维化是指由各种致病因子所致肝星状细胞活化,细胞外基质合成增多,降解减少,肝内结缔组织异常增生的病理生理过程。
本发明所述肝炎是指肝细胞及肝组织的炎症,如果因慢性肝炎而长期反复破坏肝细胞并再生的过程,则肝内的纤维组织与再生结节增加而演变为肝硬变或肝硬化。如果肝硬变发展到一定等级以上,则可诱发肝性脑病(Hepatic encephalopathy)、食道静脉曲张(Esophagealvarix)、腹水等并发症。
本发明中所使用的术语“预防”可指向个体施用本发明的NS5ATP9激动剂(例如TDF/TAF)而抑制或延缓肝纤维化疾病的发病的所有行为。
本发明中所使用的术语“治疗”可指向肝纤维化疾病疑似个体施用NS5ATP9激动剂(例如TDF/TAF)而使肝纤维化疾病症状好转或利于症状缓解的所有行为。
本发明中所使用的术语“诊断”可指向辅助判断肝纤维化疾病发病程度、发病阶段的所有行为。
本发明的TDF、TAF或其二者的衍生物可作为单个治疗剂来施用,或者可与其他治疗剂并用,也可与以往的治疗剂依次施用或同时施用。另外,可单一施用或多重施用。重要的是考虑所述要素而施用既不诱发副作用也能够以最少的量获得最大效果的量,这可由本领域技术人员容易地决定。
本发明中所使用的术语“施用”是指采用某种适当的方法向患者导入本发明的药物组合物,只要可到达靶组织则本发明的组合物的施用路径可为口服或非口服的各种路径。
本发明的药物组合物的施用方式并无特别限制,可采用在本技术领域中普遍使用的方法。作为所述施用方式的非限制性的方式,可采用口服或非口服方式施用组合物。本发明的药物组合物可与施用方式对应地制备成各种剂型。
本发明的组合物的施用频度并无特别限制,可一天施用一次或分量施用多次。
本发明在细胞实验和动物模型基础上对多种化合物单体进行了系统的筛选,首次发现TDF、TAF或其二者的衍生物可以显著提高NS5ATP9基因的表达水平,并调节Smad3蛋白磷酸化的修饰和细胞内的转位促进肝星状细胞的凋亡、抑制肝星状细胞的增殖,在动物模型上获得肝纤维化疾病治疗的显著疗效。TDF或TAF均已获FDA批准用于治疗HIV及HCV,直接可以成药,该新适应症的发现拓展了TDF/TAF的治疗和使用范围,同时也为肝纤维化疾病患者带来福音。
附图说明
图1.肝纤维化不同阶段的肝穿组织H&E染色及马松染色:A.S1期;B.S2-3期;C.S4期。
图2.免疫组织化学染色方法检测NS5ATP9在不同程度肝纤维化患者肝脏组织中的差异性表达,NS5ATP9的表达水平随着肝纤维化程度的升高(S0期到S4期)而显著下调。
图3.CCl4诱导小鼠肝脏组织纤维化的石蜡切片病理H&E染色:A.对照组小鼠;B.实验组2w模型小鼠;C.实验组4w模型小鼠。
图4.CCl4诱导纤维化小鼠肝脏组织冰冻切片免疫荧光双重染色结果:左图为对照组小鼠;右图为实验组CCl4造模4w模型小鼠。
图5a.LX2细胞中在mRNA水平验证过表达或沉默NS5ATP9细胞模型建立成功;
图5b.LX2细胞中在蛋白水平验证过表达或沉默NS5ATP9细胞模型建立成功;
图5c.过表达NS5ATP9后,肝纤维化相关基因mRNA水平表达下调;沉默内源性NS5ATP9后,肝纤维化相关基因mRNA水平表达上调;
图5d.过表达NS5ATP9后,肝纤维化相关基因蛋白水平表达下调,而干扰掉NS5ATP9后,肝纤维化相关基因蛋白水平表达上调。
图6.流式细胞术分析NS5ATP9对HSC凋亡的作用:A.pcDNA3.1-NS5ATP9转染LX-2细胞后对细胞凋亡的影响;B.siRNA-NS5ATP9转染LX-2细胞后对细胞凋亡的影响;C.过表达或干扰NS5ATP9后,HSC凋亡数百分比的统计结果。
图7.细胞计数与CCK-8试剂盒检测分析NS5ATP9对HSC增殖的影响:A.pcDNA3.1-NS5ATP9转染LX-2细胞后细胞增殖情况;B.siRNA-NS5ATP9转染LX-2细胞后细胞增殖情况变化。
图8.不同浓度TDF作用LX2细胞48h后,NS5ATP9和胶原的表达情况:A.NS5ATP9在mRNA水平表达量上调;B.NS5ATP9在蛋白水平表达量上调;C.胶原表达量下调。
图9.不同浓度TAF作用LX2细胞48h后,NS5ATP9和胶原的表达情况:A.NS5ATP9在mRNA水平表达量上调;B.NS5ATP9在蛋白水平表达量上调;C.胶原表达量下调。
图10a.小鼠CCl4肝纤维化模型,造模1月后灌胃低(5mg/kg)、高剂量(50mg/kg)TDF进行治疗,药物干预1月后,Western blot检测肝组织纤维化相关蛋白表达结果;
图10b.小鼠CCl4肝纤维化模型药物干预1月后,免疫组化染色检测NS5ATP9表达变化;
图10c.小鼠CCl4肝纤维化模型药物干预1月后,天狼星红染色检测胶原纤维含量。
具体实施方式
实施例1:NS5ATP9在不同程度肝纤维化组织中的差异表达
24例HBV相关肝纤维化患者肝脏穿刺组织标本来自福建省莆田学院附属医院。经常规病理H&E染色及马松(Masson)染色后(如图1中A-C所示),根据Knodell HAI评分系统对肝纤维化程度进行分期,分为S0~S1,S2~S3,S4三组。应用免疫组织化学染色方法,检测上述三组肝穿组织中NS5ATP9蛋白的表达水平。根据Chung等报道的半定量分析方法,结果显示,在三组纤维化程度不同的患者肝穿组织中,NS5ATP9的表达量及阳性染色例数具有显著性差异,即随着纤维化程度的升高,其表达量明显下降,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),详见图2。
实施例2:NS5ATP9基因表达水平与肝纤维化水平的调控关系
1、四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导小鼠肝纤维化模型的建立:
1)C57BL/6小鼠共24只,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组各12只,处理如下:
实验组小鼠(n=12):腹腔注射CCl4-橄榄油混合溶液(体积比1:4),2.5μl/g,2次/周;对照组小鼠(n=12):腹腔注射橄榄油溶液,2.5μl/g,2次/周。
2)分别于造模2周、4周结束后第二天,腹腔注射1%戊巴比妥溶液,麻醉并处死小鼠,取新鲜肝脏组织,一部分置于4%多聚甲醛溶液中固定,另一部分置于液氮中保存备用。
3)对小鼠肝脏组织进行石蜡切片及病理H&E染色,确认肝纤维化小鼠建模成功(见图3),图3中B、C分别代表/模拟了不同程度的肝纤维化水平。
2、验证NS5ATP9与α-SMA在小鼠肝纤维化模型中的表达情况:
1)组织免疫荧光染色:
a)将冰冻切片置于室温15min,晾干后,置于PBS中浸泡10min,用于去除OCT包埋剂;
b)室温冷丙酮固定20min,PBS摇床摇动洗涤3次,5min/次;
c)用含5%正常山羊血清的PBS室温1h,直接将封闭液甩掉;
d)将冰冻切片置于湿盒内,分别滴加一抗50μl,4℃孵育12~16h,PBS摇床摇动洗涤3次,5min/次;
e)分别滴加二抗,室温1h;PBS摇床摇动洗涤3次,5min/次;该操作在避光环境下进行;
f)染核,根据说明书稀释DAPI到工作浓度,50μl,室温,5min;该操作在避光环境下进行;
g)缓冲甘油封片,置于激光共聚焦显微镜下观察。
2)结果:
如图4中A、B所示,免疫荧光双染NS5ATP9和α-SMA可以发现两者具有共定位的现象,这表明NS5ATP9表达于活化的肝星状细胞中。
3、NS5ATP9调控肝纤维化相关分子的表达:
1)实验方法:
在未经刺激的LX-2细胞中可检测到低至中等程度的NS5ATP9的表达,为了了解NS5ATP9在肝星状细胞活化过程中的作用,LX-2细胞瞬时转染pcDNA3.1/myc-His9(-)-NS5ATP9过表达质粒(pcDNA3.1/myc-His(-)-NC作为阴性对照),建立NS5ATP9过表达细胞模型,瞬时转染siRNA-NS5ATP9(siRNA-NC作为阴性对照),建立NS5ATP9沉默细胞模型,转染后48h收集细胞,提取细胞总RNA及蛋白。应用real-time PCR及Western blotting方法检测NS5ATP9mRNA及蛋白表达水平,验证细胞模型建立效果,同时检测肝纤维化相关基因(TGF-β1、α-SMA、collagenⅠ、collagenⅢ、Smad3和p-Smad3)mRNA及蛋白表达水平变化。α-SMA是肝星状细胞激活标志,collagenⅠ、collagenⅢ为主要细胞外基质沉积成分。
2)结果:
过表达NS5ATP9,肝纤维化相关分子TGF-β1、α-SMA、collagenⅠ、collagenⅢ、Smad3和p-Smad3mRNA表达水平和蛋白表达水平皆有不同程度的下调(见图5c、5d);沉默NS5ATP9后,肝纤维化相关分子mRNA表达和蛋白表达水平与对照组相比明显上调(见图5c、5d),且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),可见NS5ATP9具有抑制肝星状细胞的活化,抑制肝纤维化作用。
实施例3:NS5ATP9基因的表达诱导肝星状细胞凋亡、抑制肝星状细胞增殖
1、应用流式细胞学Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD细胞凋亡检测技术分析NS5ATP9对肝星状细胞(hepatic stellate cell,HSC)凋亡的作用:
1)实验方法:
活化的HSC发生凋亡被认为是肝纤维化逆转、ECM降解过程中重要的形成机制,因此我们应用流式细胞学Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD细胞凋亡检测技术,分析NS5ATP9对HSC凋亡的作用。pcDNA3.1/myc-His9(-)-NS5ATP9过表达质粒(pcDNA3.1/myc-His(-)-NC作为阴性对照)/siRNA-NS5ATP9(siRNA-NC作为阴性对照)被瞬时转染到未经刺激的LX-2细胞中,转染后48小时检测细胞凋亡变化。
2)结果:
过表达NS5ATP9后,早凋细胞(Annexin V-FITC+/7-AAD-)百分比增加,干扰NS5ATP9后,早凋细胞(Annexin V-FITC+/7-AAD-)百分比减少,说明NS5ATP9能够促进肝星状细胞早凋(见图6中A-C)。
2、应用CCK-8细胞增殖与活性检测试剂盒及细胞计数来分析NS5ATP9对HSC增殖的影响。
1)实验方法:
LX-2细胞瞬时转染pcDNA3.1/myc-His9(-)-NS5ATP9过表达质粒(pcDNA3.1/myc-His(-)-NC作为阴性对照),或siRNA-NS5ATP9(siRNA-NC作为阴性对照),转染48h后收集细胞,进行细胞计数检测细胞增殖能力。同时在转染后12h、24h、48h、72h时间点分别用CCK-8试剂盒检测细胞增殖情况。
2)结果:
细胞计数结果显示:转染后48h观察到NS5ATP9基因过表达组较对照组细胞数量明显减少,干扰组较对照组细胞数量明显增加,差异具有统计学意义(见图7中A)。CCK-8结果显示:与对照组相比,过表达NS5ATP9组在48h和72h LX-2细胞增殖明显下降;干扰组在24h、48h和72h细胞增殖明显上升,且差异具有统计学意义(见图7中B)。
综上,NS5ATP9抑制肝星状细胞增殖。
实施例4:治疗组织纤维化的药物筛选
1)实验方法:
LX2细胞是人半活化肝星状细胞,正常传代分板,贴壁生长12小时后,加入不同浓度TDF、TAF刺激,48小时后收集细胞,提取总蛋白和RNA,分别用Western blot和qRT-PRC技术检测NS5ATP9及肝纤维化相关基因表达变化(collagenⅠ、collagenⅢ均为肝纤维化时细胞外基质胶原沉积经典标志)。
2)结果:
不同浓度TDF作用LX2细胞48h后,NS5ATP9和胶原的表达情况:NS5ATP9在mRNA水平表达量上调(如图8中A所示);NS5ATP9在蛋白水平表达量上调(如图8中B所示);胶原表达量下调(如图8中C所示)。综上,TDF通过上调NS5ATP9抑制肝星状细胞活化,抑制肝纤维化。
不同浓度TAF作用LX2细胞48h后,NS5ATP9和胶原的表达情况:NS5ATP9在mRNA水平表达量上调(如图9中A所示);NS5ATP9在蛋白水平表达量上调(如图9中B所示);胶原表达量下调(如图9中C所示)。综上,TAF通过上调NS5ATP9抑制肝星状细胞活化,抑制肝纤维化。
实施例5:TDF/TAF治疗CCl4诱导的小鼠肝纤维化
1、TDF治疗
1)实验方法:实验设计如下表:
2)结果:
C57BL/6J雄性小鼠腹腔注射CCl4建立肝纤维化模型,造模1月后灌胃低、高剂量TDF进行治疗,药物干预1月后,处死小鼠。Western blot检测肝组织纤维化相关蛋白表达结果,CCl4造模组胶原表达增加,TDF药物干预组,较造模组胶原表达量显著下降(见图10a)。
免疫组化结果显示,CCl4肝纤维化模型组(B,×40)NS5ATP9(棕色部分)明显高于正常对照组(A,×40),此为NS5ATP9代偿性增高。TDF低剂量组(C,×40,5mg/kg)、TDF高剂量组(D,×40,50mg/kg)棕色含量比模型组增加更明显,且NS5ATP9表达多集中在激活的肝星状细胞附近,说明TDF能促进NS5ATP9表达,抑制肝星状细胞活化,抑制肝纤维化(见图10b)。
天狼猩红染色结果显示,CCl4肝纤维化模型组(B,×40)胶原沉积(红染部分)明显高于正常对照组(A,×40)。TDF低剂量组(C,×40,5mg/kg)胶原纤维含量比模型组有所减少;TDF高剂量组(D,×40,50mg/kg)胶原纤维含量比模型组明显减少;因此,TDF有一定的抗肝纤维化作用(见图10c)。
2、TAF治疗
1)实验方法:实验设计如下表:
2)结果:
C57BL/6J雄性小鼠腹腔注射CCl4建立肝纤维化模型,造模1月后灌胃低、高剂量TAF进行治疗,药物干预1月后,处死小鼠。Western blot检测肝组织纤维化相关蛋白表达结果,CCl4造模组胶原表达增加,TAF药物干预组,较造模组胶原表达量显著下降。
免疫组化结果显示,CCl4肝纤维化模型组明显高于正常对照组,此为NS5ATP9代偿性增高。TAF低剂量组、TAF高剂量组棕色含量比模型组增加更明显,且NS5ATP9表达多集中在激活的肝星状细胞附近,说明TAF能促进NS5ATP9表达,抑制肝星状细胞活化,抑制肝纤维化。
天狼猩红染色结果显示,CCl4肝纤维化模型组明显高于正常对照组。TAF低剂量组胶原纤维含量比模型组有所减少;TAF高剂量组胶原纤维含量比模型组明显减少;因此,TAF有一定的抗肝纤维化作用。
实施例6:NS5ATP9基因敲除小鼠模型实验
1)实验设计:4-6周NS5ATP9基因敲除小鼠(KO-NS5ATP9)小鼠80只,相同年龄的野生型小鼠(WT)80只,分别分为实验组40只,对照组40只。实验组小鼠:腹腔注射CCl4-橄榄油混合溶液(体积比1:4),2.5μl/g,2次/周;对照组小鼠(n=12):腹腔注射橄榄油溶液,2.5μl/g,2次/周。每组小鼠分别在造模第2周、4周、6周、8周处死10只,眼球取血离心后留取血清,肝脏部分福尔马林固定,部分液氮冻存。
2)结果:随着造模时间延长,实验组小鼠肝纤维化程度比对照组严重,而KO-NS5ATP9实验组较WT实验组小鼠纤维化程度更加严重。
Claims (10)
1.NS5ATP9基因或NS5ATP9蛋白作为药物靶点在筛选和/或制备预防和/或治疗肝纤维化疾病药物中的用途。
2.NS5ATP9的激动剂在制备预防和/或治疗肝纤维化疾病药物中的用途。
3.替诺福韦酯(TDF)、替诺福韦艾拉酚胺富马酸(TAF)或二者的衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗肝纤维化疾病的药物中的用途。
4.一种治疗肝纤维化疾病的方法,其特征在于,向患者施用药学上有效剂量的替诺福韦酯(TDF)、替诺福韦艾拉酚胺富马酸(TAF)或其二者的衍生物。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述用途或方法,其特征在于,所述肝纤维化疾病为肝硬化。
6.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述用途或方法,其特征在于,所述肝纤维化疾病是由非病毒性病因引起的,所述非病毒性病因可选自酒精性、代谢性、营养障碍性、药物性、毒物性、循环障碍性肝纤维化疾病。
7.NS5ATP9基因或其蛋白作为肝纤维化疾病诊断靶点的用途。
8.一种促进肝星状细胞凋亡和/或抑制肝星状细胞增殖的方法,其特征在于,使用药学上有效剂量的替诺福韦酯(TDF)、替诺福韦艾拉酚胺富马酸(TAF)和/或二者的衍生物与肝星状细胞相接触。
9.一种NS5ATP9基因敲除的动物模型,其特征在于,所述动物为小鼠或斑马鱼。
10.一种NS5ATP9基因敲除的动物模型的制备方法,其特征在于,包含以下步骤:
1)靶基因定位:人NS5ATP9基因在小鼠中对应基因m2810417H13Rik(NM_026515.2);
2)TALEN设计和构建:将m2810417H13Rik基因外显子2作为TALEN基因编辑术靶点;
3)基因编辑:小鼠受精卵原核注射经TALEN编辑的mRNA,注射后的受精卵移植入假孕母鼠的体内;
4)获得阳性F0代小鼠:饲养移植受体母鼠,并鉴定阳性F0代小鼠;
5)获得种系遗传的F1代杂合小鼠:将步骤4)获得的阳性小鼠与野生小鼠合笼交配,获得F1代杂合小鼠;
6)获得NS5ATP9基因敲除的纯合型小鼠:F1代小鼠自交,获得纯合型NS5ATP9基因敲除小鼠。
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CN117815243A (zh) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-05 | 四川大学华西医院 | 一种化合物在制备治疗肝纤维化的药物以及nampt抑制剂中的应用 |
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