CN108666445B - Organic electroluminescent device and organic electroluminescent apparatus - Google Patents
Organic electroluminescent device and organic electroluminescent apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of display and discloses an organic electroluminescent device and a device, wherein the device comprises a substrate, an organic light-emitting diode and a light absorption layer, wherein the organic light-emitting diode and the light absorption layer are arranged on the substrate; an opening for exposing the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode is arranged in the light absorption layer, and a scattering layer is arranged on the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode. The organic light-emitting diode has a microcavity structure, and the relationship between the microcavity optical length L and the light-emitting wavelength lambda of the organic light-emitting diode satisfies the following relational expression: l ═ n λ; wherein n is more than or equal to 2 and n is a positive integer. The light absorption layer can filter out large-angle light from emergent light of the organic light emitting diode, so that chromaticity shift of the light emitting device on different viewing angles caused by large-angle light chromaticity deviation is effectively reduced. In addition, the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode is provided with the scattering layer, the scattering layer is favorable for scattering the filtered forward or small-angle emergent light, and the visual angle is improved while the color cast is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to an organic electroluminescent device and an organic electroluminescent device.
Background
An Organic Light Emitting Display (abbreviated as OLED) is an active Light Emitting Display device, and has the advantages of high contrast, wide viewing angle, low power consumption, and thinner volume, and can be prepared by an inkjet printing technology and a roll-to-roll (roll) process, so that flexible Display is easy to implement, and is one of the most concerned technologies in the current flat panel Display technology.
At present, with the continuous development of the OLED display industry, higher and higher requirements are put forward on the performance of OLED devices. For example, good viewing angle characteristics, etc. However, when the conventional OLED device is applied, when light is coupled out from one side, problems such as luminance difference and chromaticity shift occur in different viewing angle directions, and a spectrum peak shifts.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that in the prior art, the OLED device is shifted in color in different viewing angle directions.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
according to a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an organic electroluminescent device, including a substrate, an organic light emitting diode and a light absorbing layer disposed on the substrate;
an opening for exposing the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode is formed in the light absorption layer, and a scattering layer is further arranged on the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode;
the organic light-emitting diode has a microcavity structure, and the relationship between the microcavity optical length L and the light-emitting wavelength lambda of the organic light-emitting diode satisfies the following relational expression:
L＝nλ
wherein n is more than or equal to 2 and n is a positive integer.
Optionally, 577nm ≧ λ ≧ 492nm, n ≧ 3.
Optionally, the display device further comprises a first transparent medium layer filled in the opening, and the scattering layer is disposed on a side of the first transparent medium layer away from the substrate.
Optionally, the surface of the first transparent medium layer away from the organic light emitting diode is flush with the surface of the light absorption layer away from the organic light emitting diode; the thickness of the light absorbing layer is greater than 1/5 of the maximum width of the opening.
Optionally, the orthographic projection of the scattering layer on the substrate completely covers the organic light emitting diode.
Optionally, the light absorption layer and the organic light emitting diode are disposed in the same layer.
Optionally, the display device further comprises a second transparent medium layer disposed on the substrate and covering the organic light emitting diode; the light absorption layer and the first transparent medium layer are directly arranged on the second transparent medium layer.
According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an organic electroluminescent device, including a plurality of light emitting units with m different light emitting wavelengths disposed on a substrate, where the light emitting units are monochromatic light organic light emitting diodes or white light organic light emitting diodes provided with optical filters;
the light absorption layer is arranged on the light emitting surface of the organic light emitting diode, the light absorption layer is provided with an opening exposing the light emitting surface of each organic light emitting diode, and a scattering layer is arranged on the light emitting surface of each organic light emitting diode;
at least one of the organic light emitting diodes has a microcavity structure;
microcavity optical length L in the organic light emitting diode having a microcavity structureiAnd the light emitting wavelength lambda of the light emitting unitiThe relationship therebetween satisfies the following relationship:
Li＝niλi
wherein n is more than or equal to 2, n is a positive integer, and n corresponding to at least one organic light-emitting diode is more than or equal to 3; m is more than or equal to i and more than or equal to 1, and i and m are positive integers.
Optionally, all the organic light emitting diodes have a microcavity structure; m is 3, lambda1＞λ2＞λ3(ii) a And n is2＞n1，n2＞n3。
Alternatively, 577nm ≧ λ2≥492nm，n2≥3。
Optionally, the display device further comprises a first transparent medium layer filled in the opening, and the scattering layer is disposed on the first transparent medium layer.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to a first aspect, an organic electroluminescent device is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, an organic light emitting diode and a light absorbing layer are disposed on a substrate, wherein an opening for exposing a light emitting surface of the organic light emitting diode is disposed in the light absorbing layer, that is, a height of the light absorbing layer in a vertical direction is greater than a height of the organic light emitting diode, and the light absorbing layer is disposed on two sides of the light emitting direction of the organic light emitting diode. Therefore, the large-angle light emitted by the organic light emitting diode can be absorbed by the light absorption layers on two sides of the light emitting direction, and the small-angle emergent light and the forward emergent light can be emitted normally, namely, the light absorption layers can filter the large-angle light from the emergent light of the organic light emitting diode, so that the chromaticity shift of the light emitting device on different viewing angles caused by the large-angle light chromaticity shift is effectively reduced.
In addition, the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode is provided with the scattering layer, the scattering layer is favorable for scattering the filtered forward or small-angle emergent light, and the visual angle is improved while the color cast is reduced.
The organic light emitting diode in this embodiment has a microcavity structure, and the relationship between the microcavity optical length L and the emission wavelength λ of the organic light emitting diode satisfies the following relational expression:
L＝nλ
wherein n is more than or equal to 2 and n is a positive integer.
That is, the microcavity optical length L of the organic light emitting diode having the microcavity structure is n times of the corresponding light emitting wavelength, that is, an n-order microcavity effect can be achieved in the organic light emitting diode having the microcavity structure. Wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, so that a second-order microcavity, a third-order microcavity, a fourth-order microcavity or a higher microcavity can be realized, the microcavity effect is enhanced, the spectrum is further narrowed, and the color gamut area is increased.
The organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the invention has 577nm, lambda, n and n which are not less than 492nm and not less than 3. The microcavity order of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the green light emitting wavelength is 3 orders or higher, and the color gamut area of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the green light emitting wavelength is expanded by enhancing the microcavity intensity of the organic light emitting diode. The technical problem that the traditional green light device is difficult to realize color gamut expansion like a red light device and a blue light device due to self limitation is solved.
According to the organic light-emitting device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first transparent medium layer is filled in the opening, so that the first transparent medium layer can be used as an attachment of the scattering layer, the scattering layer can be arranged on the first transparent medium layer in a laminated manner, the formation of the scattering layer in the preparation process is facilitated, and meanwhile, the medium layer is transparent, so that the normal emission of emergent light in the organic light-emitting diode is not influenced.
According to the organic light-emitting device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the surface of the first transparent medium layer, which is far away from the organic light-emitting diode, is flush with the surface of the light absorption layer, which is far away from the organic light-emitting diode, so that the situation that the light absorption layer is too low to fully absorb the light with large angle is avoided, and the situation that the light absorption layer influences normal outgoing of the forward light or the light with small angle due to too high light absorption layer is also avoided. In addition, the thickness of the light absorbing layer is greater than 1/5, which is the maximum width of the opening, thereby further ensuring that the light absorbing layer is able to sufficiently absorb light at large angles.
According to the organic light-emitting device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the orthographic projection of the scattering layer on the substrate completely covers the organic light-emitting diode, so that the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode can be scattered by the scattering layer and then emitted into the air.
According to the organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the light absorption layer and the organic light emitting diode are arranged in the same layer, so that the preparation process of the organic electroluminescent device can be simplified.
The organic light-emitting device provided by the embodiment of the invention also comprises a second transparent medium layer which is arranged on the substrate and covers the organic light-emitting diode; the light absorption layer and the first transparent medium layer are directly arranged on the second transparent medium layer. The second transparent medium layer prevents the organic light-emitting diode from being damaged when the light absorption layer and the first transparent medium layer are formed, and the organic light-emitting diode is protected.
According to a second aspect, an organic electroluminescent device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of light emitting units with m different light emitting wavelengths disposed on a substrate, where the light emitting units are monochromatic organic light emitting diodes or white organic light emitting diodes provided with a filter. That is, light of m emission wavelengths is mixed together to realize full color display. Namely, the LED can be formed by combining a plurality of monochromatic light organic light emitting diodes with different light emitting wavelengths, and full-color display is realized; or a plurality of white light organic light emitting diodes are combined, and light with different wavelengths is filtered out by the optical filter and mixed to be displayed in full color; the full-color display can also be formed by a monochromatic organic light emitting diode and a white organic light emitting diode with different light emitting wavelengths. Therefore, the organic light emitting diode is suitable for different organic light emitting diodes and has a wide application range.
The microcavity optical length L and the luminous wavelength lambda of each organic light-emitting diode with the microcavity structure satisfy the following relational expression: l isi＝niλi(ii) a Wherein n is more than or equal to 2, n is a positive integer, and n corresponding to at least one organic light-emitting diode is more than or equal to 3; m is more than or equal to i and more than or equal to 1, and i and m are positive integers.
Namely, the microcavity optical length L of the organic light emitting diode having the microcavity structure is n times of the corresponding light emitting wavelength, that is, n-order microcavity effect can be realized in the organic light emitting diode having the microcavity structure, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, so that a second-order microcavity, a third-order microcavity, a fourth-order microcavity or a higher-order microcavity can be realized, the microcavity effect is enhanced, the spectrum is further narrowed, and the color gamut area is further increased.
In addition, a light absorption layer is arranged on the light emitting surface of the organic light emitting diode, the light absorption layer is provided with openings exposing the light emitting area of each organic light emitting diode, and a scattering layer is further arranged on the light emitting surface of each organic light emitting diode. Therefore, the light absorption layer can filter out large-angle light from the emergent light of the organic light-emitting diode, so that chromaticity deviation of the light-emitting device at different viewing angles caused by large-angle light chromaticity deviation is effectively reduced; the arrangement of the scattering layer is helpful for scattering the filtered emergent light in the forward direction or in a small angle, and the visual angle is improved while the color cast is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an organic electroluminescent device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a substrate; 2-an organic light emitting diode; 3-a light absorbing layer; 31-an opening; 4-a scattering layer; 41-a transparent body; 42-scattering particles; 5-a first transparent dielectric layer; 6-second transparent medium layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an organic electroluminescent device, as shown in fig. 1, including a substrate 1, an organic light emitting diode 2 disposed on the substrate 1, and a light absorbing layer 3. The substrate 1 may be a glass substrate 1, a polymer substrate 1, or the like. The light absorbing layer 3 may be a black matrix, or may be made of other materials having a light absorbing function, such as black photoresist. The organic light emitting diode 2 and the light absorbing layer 3 may be directly disposed on the substrate 1, or an intermediate layer may be added between the organic light emitting diode and the substrate 1, which is not limited herein.
Each organic light emitting diode corresponds to a sub-pixel unit, such as a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, or the like.
In this embodiment, the light absorption layer 3 is formed with an opening 31 exposing the light emitting surface of the organic light emitting diode 2, and the light emitting surface of the organic light emitting diode 2 is further formed with a scattering layer 4. The light emitting surface of the organic light emitting diode 2 is generally exposed completely or partially, and may be set according to actual requirements. The scattering layer 4 is generally disposed above the light absorbing layer 3.
It should be noted that the light exit surface refers to a light exit surface of the organic light emitting diode in the drawing, that is, an upper surface of the organic light emitting diode in the drawing, and a direction of an arrow in the drawing is a light exit direction.
In the organic electroluminescent device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the substrate 1 is provided with the organic light emitting diode 2 and the light absorbing layer 3, wherein the light absorbing layer 3 is provided with an opening 31 for exposing the light emitting surface of the organic light emitting diode 2, that is, the height of the light absorbing layer 3 in the vertical direction is greater than the height of the organic light emitting diode 2, and the light absorbing layer 3 is located at two sides of the light emitting direction of the organic light emitting diode 2. Therefore, large-angle light emitted by the organic light emitting diode 2 can be absorbed by the light absorption layers 3 on two sides of the light emitting direction, and small-angle emergent light and forward emergent light can be emitted normally, that is, the light absorption layers 3 can filter out large-angle light from the emergent light of the organic light emitting diode 2, so that the color purity is effectively improved, and the chromaticity shift of the light emitting device on different visual angles caused by large-angle light chromaticity shift is reduced.
In addition, the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode 2 is provided with the scattering layer 4, and the arrangement of the scattering layer 4 is favorable for scattering the filtered forward or small-angle emergent light, so that the color cast is reduced, and the viewing angle is improved.
In this embodiment, the organic light emitting diode 2 has a microcavity structure, and in the microcavity of the organic light emitting diode, when the cavity length and the wavelength of the light wave are in the same order of magnitude, the light with a specific wavelength can be selected and enhanced, so that the spectrum narrowing is realized, that is, the microcavity effect is generated.
Specifically, the organic light emitting diode includes a first electrode layer, a light emitting layer, and a second electrode layer which are stacked. The first electrode layer is a reflecting electrode layer, the second electrode layer is a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting electrode layer, and a micro-cavity structure is formed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.
The relationship between the microcavity optical length L and the emission wavelength λ of the organic light emitting diode in this embodiment satisfies the following relational expression:
L＝nλ
wherein n is more than or equal to 2 and n is a positive integer.
L specifically refers to a propagation path of light emitted from the light emitting layer during the process of being reflected by the first electrode layer, reflected by the second electrode layer, and returned to the starting position, and an equivalent path generated by reflection phase shift of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The propagation path is typically twice the sum of the products of the thickness of the layers through which the light passes and the corresponding refractive indices.
That is, the microcavity optical length L of the organic light emitting diode having the microcavity structure is n times of the corresponding light emitting wavelength, that is, an n-order microcavity effect can be achieved in the organic light emitting diode having the microcavity structure. Wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, so that a second-order microcavity, a third-order microcavity, a fourth-order microcavity or a higher microcavity can be realized, the microcavity effect is enhanced, the spectrum is further narrowed, and the color gamut area is increased.
As an alternative embodiment, 577nm ≧ λ ≧ 492nm, n ≧ 3. Namely, the microcavity order of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the green light emitting wavelength is set to 3 orders or higher, and the color gamut area of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the green light emitting wavelength is expanded by enhancing the microcavity intensity of the organic light emitting diode. The technical problem that the traditional green light device is difficult to realize color gamut expansion like a red light device and a blue light device due to self limitation is solved.
As an alternative embodiment, the organic electroluminescent device further comprises a first transparent dielectric layer 5 filled in the opening 31, and the scattering layer 4 is disposed on a side of the first transparent dielectric layer 5 away from the substrate 1. The first transparent medium layer 5 may be photoresist.
Therefore, the first transparent medium layer 5 can be used as an attachment of the scattering layer 4, the scattering layer 4 can be arranged on the first transparent medium layer 5 in a stacked mode, the formation of the scattering layer 4 in the preparation process is facilitated, and meanwhile, the medium layer is transparent, so that the normal outgoing of emergent light in the organic light emitting diode 2 cannot be influenced.
As an alternative embodiment, the surface of the first transparent medium layer 5 away from the organic light emitting diode 2 is flush with the surface of the light absorption layer 3 away from the organic light emitting diode 2; the thickness of the light absorbing layer 3 is greater than 1/5 of the maximum width of the opening 31. This avoids that light of large angles cannot be absorbed sufficiently due to the light absorbing layer 3 being too low. In addition, the thickness of the light absorbing layer 3 is larger than 1/5 of the maximum width of the opening 31, thereby further ensuring that the light absorbing layer 3 can sufficiently absorb light of a large angle.
As an alternative embodiment, the thickness of the light absorbing layer 3 is smaller than the maximum width of the opening 31. The normal emergence of the forward light or the small-angle light influenced by the light absorption layer 3 due to the fact that the light absorption layer 3 is too high is avoided.
As an alternative embodiment, the projection of the scattering layer 4 onto the substrate 1 completely covers the organic light-emitting diode 2. Therefore, the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode 2 can be scattered by the scattering layer 4 and then emitted into the air.
As an alternative embodiment, the light absorbing layer 3 and the organic light emitting diode 2 are provided in the same layer. That is, the light absorbing layer 3 and the organic light emitting diode 2 may be disposed on the substrate 1 in the same layer, and the fabrication process of the organic electroluminescent device may be simplified. However, the height of the light absorbing layer 3 is higher than that of the organic light emitting diode 2, so that the light emitted from a large angle can be absorbed.
As an alternative embodiment, the organic electroluminescent device further comprises a second transparent medium layer 6 disposed on the substrate 1 and covering the organic light emitting diode 2; the light absorption layer 3 and the first transparent medium layer 5 are directly disposed on the second transparent medium layer 6. The second transparent dielectric layer 6 may be a transparent inorganic layer, such as a silicon dioxide layer or an aluminum oxide layer.
The thickness of the second transparent medium layer 6 is 30nm-1000nm, and in this embodiment, the thickness of the second transparent medium layer 6 is preferably 200 nm. The second transparent medium layer 6 prevents the organic light emitting diode 2 from being damaged when the light absorption layer 3 and the first transparent medium layer 5 are formed, and protects the organic light emitting diode 2.
In addition, the second transparent medium layer 6 may only cover the organic light emitting diode 2, and the light absorption layer 3 and the second transparent medium layer 6 may be prepared in the same layer. The second transparent medium layer 6 may also be laid on the substrate 1 in its entirety and cover the organic light emitting diode 2, at this time, the light absorption layer 3 and the second transparent medium layer 6 are not prepared in the same layer, and the light absorption layer 3 is disposed above the second transparent medium layer 6.
As an alternative embodiment, the refractive index of the scattering layer 4 is between 1.3 and 3. In the present embodiment, the refractive index is preferably 2.
As an alternative, the thickness of the scattering layer 4 may be between 200nm and 10 μm. In this embodiment, the thickness is preferably 5 μm.
As an alternative embodiment, the refractive index of the first transparent medium layer 5 is between 1.3 and 3, and in this embodiment, the refractive index is preferably 1.8.
As an alternative embodiment, the scattering layer 4 includes a transparent body 41, and scattering particles 42 disposed in the transparent body 41. The transparent body 41 may be a light-transmitting coating, and the scattering particles 42 may be silica nanoparticles.
In this embodiment, the scattering particles 42 have a particle size of 100nm to 1000 nm. The volume ratio of the scattering particles 42 in the scattering layer 4 is 5% to 100%. In an alternative embodiment, the scattering particles 42 have a particle size of 550nm and a volume ratio of 60% in the scattering layer 4.
According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an organic electroluminescent device, including a plurality of light emitting units with m different light emitting wavelengths disposed on a substrate, where the light emitting units are monochromatic organic light emitting diodes or white organic light emitting diodes provided with optical filters, and the type of the optical filter is selected to be a red optical filter or a green optical filter or a blue optical filter according to a wavelength of light to be emitted.
That is, light of m emission wavelengths is mixed together to realize full color display. The light emitting unit is a monochromatic organic light emitting diode or a white organic light emitting diode provided with a filter, that is, the light emitting unit can be formed by combining a plurality of monochromatic organic light emitting diodes with different light emitting wavelengths, so that full color display is realized, for example, the combination of a red organic light emitting diode, a green organic light emitting diode and a blue organic light emitting diode realizes full color display; or a plurality of white organic light emitting diodes are combined, light with different wavelengths is filtered out by the optical filter, such as red light, green light and blue light are filtered out and mixed into full color display; the full-color display can also be formed by a monochromatic organic light emitting diode and a white organic light emitting diode with different light emitting wavelengths. Therefore, the organic light emitting diode is suitable for different organic light emitting diodes and has a wide application range.
In this embodiment, at least one organic light emitting diode with a light emitting wavelength has a microcavity structure, and in the microcavity of the organic light emitting diode, when the cavity length and the wavelength of the light wave are in the same order of magnitude, light with a specific wavelength can be selected and enhanced, so that spectrum narrowing is realized, that is, a microcavity effect is generated.
The microcavity optical length L and the luminous wavelength lambda of each organic light-emitting diode with the microcavity structure satisfy the following relational expression:
Li＝niλi
wherein n is more than or equal to 2 and is a positive integer, n corresponding to at least one organic light emitting diode is more than or equal to 3, m is more than or equal to i and is more than or equal to 1, and i and m are positive integers.
The organic light emitting diode may include a first electrode layer, a light emitting layer, and a second electrode layer, where L specifically refers to a path traveled by light emitted from the light emitting layer in a process of being reflected by the first electrode layer, reflected by the second electrode layer, and returned to an initial position, and an equivalent path generated by reflection phase shifts of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The propagation path is typically twice the sum of the products of the thickness of the layers through which the light passes and the corresponding refractive indices.
Namely, the microcavity optical length L of the organic light emitting diode having the microcavity structure is n times of the corresponding light emitting wavelength, that is, n-order microcavity effect can be realized in the organic light emitting diode having the microcavity structure, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, so that a second-order microcavity, a third-order microcavity, a fourth-order microcavity or a higher-order microcavity can be realized, the microcavity effect is enhanced, the spectrum is further narrowed, and the color gamut area is further increased.
Preferably, niThe orders of the microcavity effects, i.e., the intensities, in the organic light emitting diodes are not all the same, i.e., different orders of the microcavity effects can be set according to different properties (such as wavelength, spectrum, and the like) of the emitted light, so as to achieve the optimal spectrum narrowing effect and the optimal color gamut area.
For example, because the color coordinates of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the blue light emitting wavelength are closer to the color coordinates of the blue light of the high color gamut standard, the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the red light emitting wavelength can realize the color gamut expansion by the spectral red shift, and the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the green light emitting wavelength is difficult to realize the color gamut expansion like the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the red light emitting wavelength and the blue light organic light emitting diode due to the limitations of the organic light emitting diodes. Accordingly, the microcavity order of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the green emission wavelength can be set to be greater than the microcavity orders of the organic light emitting diodes corresponding to the red and blue emission wavelengths. For example, the microcavity order n of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the green light emitting wavelength is set to 3 or higher, and the microcavity orders of the organic light emitting diodes corresponding to the red and blue light emitting wavelengths are set to 2, so that the microcavity intensity of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the green light emitting wavelength can be matched with the microcavity intensities of the organic light emitting diodes corresponding to the red and blue light emitting wavelengths, and the high color gamut of the whole organic electroluminescent device can be realized.
The organic electroluminescent device in this embodiment further includes a light absorption layer 3 disposed on the light emitting surface of the organic light emitting diode 2, the light absorption layer 3 is provided with an opening exposing the light emitting surface of each organic light emitting diode 2, and the light emitting surface of each organic light emitting diode 2 is further provided with a scattering layer 4.
As an alternative embodiment, all the organic light emitting diodes have a microcavity structure; m is 3, lambda1＞λ2＞λ3(ii) a And n is2＞n1，n2＞n3. That is, the organic electroluminescent device includes organic light emitting diodes with three light emitting wavelengths, and the three wavelengths have a single property, such as λ1At red wavelength, λ2At green wavelength, λ3And the full-color display is realized by traditional three primary colors for blue light wavelength.
Wherein n is2＞n1，n2＞n3That is, the intensity of the microcavity effect of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the green light is greater than the intensity of the microcavity effect of the organic light emitting diodes corresponding to the red light and the blue light. The color coordinates of the blue light device are relatively close to those of blue light with high color gamut standard, the red light device can realize color gamut expansion through spectrum red shift, and the green light device is difficult to realize color gamut expansion like the red light device and the blue light device due to self limitation, so that the embodiment of the invention emphasizes the enhancement of the microcavity effect of the green light device so as to be matched with the high color gamuts of the red light device and the blue light device, and realize the high color gamut of the whole organic electroluminescent device.
As an alternative, 577nm ≧ λ2≥492nm，n2Not less than 3. Namely, the microcavity order of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to the green light wavelength is 3 or higher, the microcavity intensity of the green light organic light emitting diode is obviously enhanced, and the color gamut area of the green light organic light emitting diode is expanded.
As an alternative embodiment, the display device further comprises a first transparent medium layer 5 filled in the opening 31, and the scattering layer 4 is disposed on the first transparent medium layer 5.
As an alternative embodiment, the surface of the first transparent medium layer 5 away from the organic light emitting diode 2 is flush with the surface of the light absorption layer 3 away from the organic light emitting diode 2; the thickness of the light absorbing layer 3 is greater than 1/5 of the maximum width of the opening 31.
As an alternative embodiment, the orthographic projection of the scattering layer 4 on the substrate 1 completely covers the organic light emitting diode 2;
in addition, the organic electroluminescent device in this embodiment further includes a second transparent medium layer 6 disposed on the substrate 1 and covering the organic light emitting diode 2; the light absorption layer 3 and the first transparent medium layer 5 are directly disposed on the second transparent medium layer 6.
As for the scattering layer 4, the first transparent medium layer 5 and the second transparent medium layer 6, reference may be made to the description of the organic electroluminescent device provided in the foregoing first aspect, and details are not repeated here.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a specific example of an organic electroluminescent device. The organic electroluminescent device in this embodiment includes monochromatic light organic light emitting diodes of 3 kinds of light emitting wavelengths, which are a red light organic light emitting diode, a green light organic light emitting diode, and a blue light organic light emitting diode, respectively. Wherein, all three organic light emitting diodes have a microcavity structure.
In this embodiment, λ corresponding to the red organic light emitting diode1＝630nm，n1＝2，L1＝1260nm；
Lambda corresponding to green light organic light emitting diode2＝520nm，n2＝3，L2＝1560nm；
Lambda corresponding to blue light organic light emitting diode3＝460nm，n3＝2，L3＝920nm。
The device structure of the red organic light emitting diode in the embodiment is as follows: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (200nm)/CBP Ir (piq)3(3％,30nm)/TPBi(40nm)/LiF(1nm)/Mg:Ag(20％,15nm)/NPB(60nm)
The device structure of the green organic light emitting diode in this embodiment is: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (280nm)/CBP Ir (ppy)3(10％,30nm)/TPBi(40nm)/LiF(1nm)/Mg:Ag(20％,15nm)/NPB(60nm)
The device structure of the blue organic light emitting diode in this embodiment is: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (110nm)/CBP DPVBi (3%, 30nm)/TPBi (40nm)/LiF (1nm)/Mg Ag (20%, 15nm)/NPB (60nm)
In addition, the light absorption layer is arranged on the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode, the light absorption layer is provided with an opening for exposing the light-emitting surface of each organic light-emitting diode, and the opening is filled with a first transparent medium layer. And a scattering layer is also arranged on the light-emitting surface of each organic light-emitting diode. The thickness of the light absorbing layer is 2/5 the maximum width of the opening. In this embodiment, the maximum width of the opening is 30 μm, and the thickness of the light absorption layer is 12 μm.
Example 2
Embodiments of the present invention provide a specific example of an organic electroluminescent device. The structure is the same as that of example 1, and is different from the organic electroluminescent device provided in example 1 in that:
the thickness of the light absorbing layer was 3/5 the maximum width of the opening, i.e. the thickness of the light absorbing layer was 18 μm.
Example 3
Embodiments of the present invention provide a specific example of an organic electroluminescent device. The structure is the same as that of example 1, and is different from the organic electroluminescent device provided in example 1 in that:
the thickness of the light absorbing layer was 1/5 the maximum width of the opening, i.e. the thickness of the light absorbing layer was 6 μm.
Example 4
Embodiments of the present invention provide a specific example of an organic electroluminescent device. The structure is the same as that of example 1, and is different from the organic electroluminescent device provided in example 1 in that:
in this embodiment, λ corresponding to the red organic light emitting diode1＝630nm，n1＝3，L1＝1890nm；
Lambda corresponding to green light organic light emitting diode2＝520nm，n2＝4，L2＝1560nm；
Lambda corresponding to blue light organic light emitting diode3＝460nm，n3＝2，L3＝920nm。
The device structure of the red organic light emitting diode in the embodiment is as follows: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (10nm)/CuPc ((10 nm)/CuPc)20nm)/TPD(380nm)/CBP:Ir(piq)3(3％,30nm)/TPBi(40nm)/LiF(1nm)/Mg:Ag(20％,15nm)/NPB(60nm)。
The device structure of the green organic light emitting diode in this embodiment is: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (430nm)/CBP Ir (ppy)3(10％,30nm)/TPBi(40nm)/LiF(1nm)/Mg:Ag(20％,15nm)/NPB(60nm)。
The device structure of the blue organic light emitting diode in this embodiment is: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (110nm)/CBP DPVBi (3%, 30nm)/TPBi (40nm)/LiF (1nm)/Mg Ag (20%, 15nm)/NPB (60 nm).
Example 5
Embodiments of the present invention provide a specific example of an organic electroluminescent device. The structure is the same as that of example 1, and is different from the organic electroluminescent device provided in example 1 in that:
the organic electroluminescent device in this embodiment is composed of a white organic light emitting diode, and a red light filter, a green light filter and a blue light filter are respectively disposed on a light emitting surface of the white organic light emitting diode.
In this embodiment, the device structure of the white organic light emitting diode is as follows:
red light unit: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (100nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (20nm)/CBP Ir (ppy)3 (15%): Ir (piq)3 (0.2%) (30nm)/TPBi (30nm)/Li2CO3(1nm)/HAT-CN (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (20nm)/CBP: DPVBi (3%, 30nm)/TPBi (30nm)/LiF (1nm)/Mg: Ag (20%, 15nm)/NPB (60 nm);
green light unit: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (180nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (20nm)/CBP Ir (ppy)3 (15%): Ir (piq)3 (0.2%) (30nm)/TPBi (30nm)/Li2CO3(1nm)/HAT-CN (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (20nm)/CBP: DPVBi (3%, 30nm)/TPBi (30nm)/LiF (1nm)/Mg: Ag (20%, 15nm)/NPB (60 nm);
blue light unit: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (20nm)/CBP Ir (ppy)3 (15%): Ir (piq)3 (0.2%) (30nm)/TPBi (30nm)/Li2CO3(1nm)/HAT-CN (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (20nm)/CBP: DPVBi (3%, 30nm)/TPBi (30nm)/LiF (1nm)/Mg: Ag (20%, 15nm)/NPB (60 nm).
Wave of red light filter, green light filter and blue light filterThe length is respectively as follows: 630nm, 522nm and 456 nm; corresponding order niRespectively 2, 3 and 2.
Example 6
Embodiments of the present invention provide a specific example of an organic electroluminescent device. The structure is the same as that of example 1, and is different from the organic electroluminescent device provided in example 1 in that:
the red and blue organic light emitting diodes do not have a microcavity structure.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a specific example of an organic electroluminescent device. The structure is the same as that of example 1, and is different from the organic electroluminescent device provided in example 1 in that:
the thickness of the light absorbing layer is 1/6 the maximum width of the opening.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a specific example of an organic electroluminescent device. The structure is the same as that of example 1, and is different from the organic electroluminescent device provided in example 1 in that:
the opening is not filled with the first transparent medium layer.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a specific example of an organic electroluminescent device. The structure is the same as that of example 1, and is different from the organic electroluminescent device provided in example 1 in that:
the light-emitting surface of each organic light-emitting diode is not provided with a scattering layer.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a specific example of an organic electroluminescent device. The structure is the same as that of example 1, and is different from the organic electroluminescent device provided in example 1 in that:
the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode is not provided with a light absorption layer.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides an organic electroluminescent device having the same structure as that of example 1, differing from the organic electroluminescent device provided in example 1 in that: n is1＝n2＝n3＝2。
The structure of the red organic light emitting diode in the comparative example is as follows: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (200nm)/CBP Ir (piq)3(3％,30nm)/TPBi(40nm)/LiF(1nm)/Mg:Ag(20％,15nm)/NPB(60nm)；
The device structure of the green organic light emitting diode in the comparative example is as follows: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (130nm)/CBP Ir (ppy)3(10％,30nm)/TPBi(40nm)/LiF(1nm)/Mg:Ag(20％,15nm)/NPB(60nm)；
The device structure of the blue organic light emitting diode in the comparative example is as follows: ITO (10nm)/Ag (100nm)/ITO (10nm)/CuPc (20nm)/TPD (110nm)/CBP DPVBi (3%, 30nm)/TPBi (40nm)/LiF (1nm)/Mg Ag (20%, 15nm)/NPB (60 nm).
Test example
A spectrophotometer (available from Photo Research, model PR-705) was used to perform a CIE (color coordinate) shift test on the organic light emitting display device, specifically to test the maximum shift of the color coordinate when the screen body was rotated from 0 degree to 60 degree viewing angle. And testing the color gamut area of the device, wherein the test results are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above test data, the light absorbing layer and the scattering layer are arranged on the light emitting surface of the organic light emitting diode in the embodiment of the present invention, so that the chromaticity shift of the light emitting device at different viewing angles due to the large-angle light chromaticity deviation is effectively reduced, and the filtered forward or small-angle emergent light is favorably scattered, so that the viewing angle is improved while the color shift is reduced.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. An organic electroluminescent device, characterized by comprising a substrate (1), an organic light emitting diode (2) and a light absorbing layer (3) disposed on the substrate (1);
an opening (31) exposing the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode (2) is formed in the light absorption layer (3), and a scattering layer (4) is further arranged on the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode (2); the thickness of the light absorbing layer (3) is greater than 1/5 of the maximum width of the opening (31);
the organic light-emitting diode (2) has a microcavity structure, and the relationship between the microcavity optical length L and the light-emitting wavelength lambda of the organic light-emitting diode (2) satisfies the following relational expression:
L＝nλ
wherein n is more than or equal to 2 and n is a positive integer.
2. The organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 1, wherein 577nm ≥ λ ≥ 492nm, and n ≥ 3.
3. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it further comprises a first transparent dielectric layer (5) filled in the opening (31), the scattering layer (4) being arranged on the side of the first transparent dielectric layer (5) remote from the substrate (1).
4. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 3, characterized in that the surface of the first transparent dielectric layer (5) remote from the organic light emitting diode (2) is flush with the surface of the light absorbing layer (3) remote from the organic light emitting diode (2).
5. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the orthographic projection of the scattering layer (4) on the substrate (1) completely covers the organic light emitting diode (2).
6. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the light absorbing layer (3) and the organic light emitting diode (2) are arranged in the same layer.
7. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by further comprising a second transparent dielectric layer (6) disposed on the substrate (1) and covering the organic light emitting diode (2); the light absorption layer (3) and the first transparent medium layer (5) are directly arranged on the second transparent medium layer (6).
8. An organic electroluminescent device is characterized by comprising a plurality of light-emitting units with m different light-emitting wavelengths, wherein the light-emitting units are arranged on a substrate and are monochromatic organic light-emitting diodes (2) or white organic light-emitting diodes (2) provided with optical filters;
the light absorption layer (3) is arranged on the light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting diode (2), the light absorption layer (3) is provided with an opening (31) for exposing the light-emitting surface of each organic light-emitting diode (2), and the light-emitting surface of each organic light-emitting diode (2) is also provided with a scattering layer (4); the thickness of the light absorbing layer (3) is greater than 1/5 of the maximum width of the opening (31);
at least one of the organic light emitting diodes (2) has a microcavity structure;
microcavity optical length L in the organic light-emitting diode (2) having a microcavity structureiAnd the light emitting wavelength lambda of the light emitting unitiThe relationship therebetween satisfies the following relationship:
Li＝niλi
wherein n is more than or equal to 2, n is a positive integer, and n corresponding to at least one organic light-emitting diode is more than or equal to 3;
m is more than or equal to i and more than or equal to 1, and i and m are positive integers.
9. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 8, characterized in that all the organic light emitting diodes (2) have a microcavity structure; m is 3, lambda1＞λ2＞λ3(ii) a And n is2＞n1，n2＞n3。
10. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein 577nm ≧ λ2≥492nm，n2≥3。
11. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising a first transparent dielectric layer (5) filled in the opening (31), the scattering layer (4) being disposed on the first transparent dielectric layer (5).
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