CN108553164B - Vascular segment impedance detection device - Google Patents
Vascular segment impedance detection device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108553164B CN108553164B CN201810241428.3A CN201810241428A CN108553164B CN 108553164 B CN108553164 B CN 108553164B CN 201810241428 A CN201810241428 A CN 201810241428A CN 108553164 B CN108553164 B CN 108553164B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- impedance detection
- impedance
- catheters
- blood vessel
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000002254 renal artery Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- 230000002889 sympathetic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007674 radiofrequency ablation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010001497 Agitation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019280 Heart failures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000020832 chronic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000022831 chronic renal failure syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000029078 coronary artery disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007383 nerve stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000607 neurosecretory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005084 renal tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002820 sympathetic nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000037905 systemic hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000019553 vascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
- A61B5/0538—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body invasively, e.g. using a catheter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4848—Monitoring or testing the effects of treatment, e.g. of medication
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
- A61B5/6852—Catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6867—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive specially adapted to be attached or implanted in a specific body part
- A61B5/6876—Blood vessel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
- A61B2018/00434—Neural system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
- A61B2018/00875—Resistance or impedance
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a vascular segment impedance detection device, which comprises an impedance detection circuit, wherein the impedance detection circuit comprises two impedance detection electrodes used for being in contact with the outer wall of a blood vessel, the impedance detection circuit further comprises an impedance detection component used for being placed outside a human body when in use, the impedance detection device further comprises two impedance detection catheters, the two impedance detection electrodes are respectively arranged at the distal ends of the corresponding impedance detection catheters, and the impedance detection circuit further comprises a catheter inner lead which is arranged in the corresponding impedance detection catheters and used for connecting the corresponding impedance detection electrodes with the impedance detection component. The invention provides a blood vessel segment impedance detection device capable of realizing impedance detection of a blood vessel segment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a blood vessel segment resistance detection device in the field of medical equipment.
Background
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cerebral stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure, vascular disease and chronic renal failure, and although the pathology and physiology of hypertension are complex, the neuroendocrine system is an important mechanism for maintaining blood pressure balance, and the hyperexcitation of sympathetic nerves is considered as a fundamental link in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Numerous animal experiments and clinical studies have also demonstrated the effect of sympathetic nerves on blood pressure, and the degree of sympathetic nerve stimulation was found to be positively correlated with blood pressure in patients. Wherein the renal sympathetic nervous system is the renal sympathetic efferent and afferent nerve closest to the renal artery, plays an important role in the induction and induction of systemic hypertension, thus forming a theory of blocking renal sympathetic nerve energy to reduce blood pressure.
In 2009, henry Krum in australia published in journal of lancet, a first human study for treating refractory hypertension by using radiofrequency energy to ablate sympathetic nerves distributed in the wall of renal artery blood vessel by using a percutaneous catheter method, and a series of studies were developed again around the world, with a certain progress.
Chinese patent CN102551874B discloses a renal artery radiofrequency ablation catheter capable of being directly used for renal artery intima ablation, the catheter comprises a control handle and a bendable catheter main body, a pull wire and an elastic sheet are arranged in the catheter main body along the extending direction of the catheter main body, and a distal straight section fixed with an electrode is arranged at the distal end of the catheter main body. When the catheter is used, the distal end of the catheter main body is fed into the renal artery, the control handle is arranged outside a human body, the control handle is used for controlling the stay wire, the distal end of the catheter main body is bent, so that the electrode is contacted with the inner wall of the renal artery, the sympathetic nerve ablation of the renal artery is realized, the ablation position of the electrode can be changed by rotating the control handle, the sympathetic nerve ablation of the renal artery is finally realized, and the distal end of the catheter main body can be reset by the elastic sheet. Although the conventional radio frequency ablation catheter can ablate renal artery sympathetic nerves, the effect of the sympathetic nerves is not easy to judge, and the effect of ablation of renal tissues is judged by the ablation time and experience of doctors in the past, so that the problem of inaccurate judgment is easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a blood vessel segment impedance detection device capable of realizing impedance detection of a blood vessel segment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the impedance detection device for the blood vessel segment comprises an impedance detection circuit, wherein the impedance detection circuit comprises two impedance detection electrodes used for being in contact with the outer wall of the blood vessel, the impedance detection circuit further comprises an impedance detection component used for being placed outside a human body when in use, the impedance detection device further comprises two impedance detection catheters, the two impedance detection electrodes are respectively arranged at the distal ends of the corresponding impedance detection catheters, and the impedance detection circuit further comprises a catheter inner lead which is arranged in the corresponding impedance detection catheters and used for connecting the corresponding impedance detection electrodes with the impedance detection component.
The impedance detecting component comprises a battery, a voltmeter and an ammeter.
The impedance detecting electrode is made of a metal head fixed to a distal end of the impedance detecting catheter, the metal head having a distal end portion for contacting the outer wall of the blood vessel and an outer peripheral surface.
The impedance detection device further comprises control handles corresponding to the impedance detection catheters, the control handles are respectively connected with the proximal ends of the corresponding impedance detection catheters, the distal ends of the impedance detection catheters are adjustable bending sections, the impedance detection electrodes are arranged at the ends of the adjustable bending sections, and elastic pieces and pull wires connected with the control handles are arranged in the impedance detection catheters.
The wire part connected between the impedance detecting part and the control handle is a flexible wire.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: when the device is used, the distal ends of the two impedance detection catheters are fed into a human body, the two impedance detection electrodes are respectively contacted with the detected blood vessel segments, the impedance of the blood vessel segments between the two impedance detection electrodes is detected through the impedance detection component, because the sympathetic nerve can transfer charges, the impedance can be influenced after the sympathetic nerve is destroyed, the ablation effect is judged through the impedance detection of the blood vessel segments, and compared with the traditional artificial experience judgment, the judgment result is more accurate and objective through data judgment.
Further, the distal end of the impedance detection catheter is an adjustable bending section, and in actual operation, the control handle can be operated to pull the adjustable bending section through a pull wire, so that the distal end of the impedance detection catheter is bent, the axial contact position of the impedance detection electrode and the outer wall of a blood vessel is changed, the length of the blood vessel section between the two impedance detection electrodes is changed, the detection of multiple groups of impedance data can be realized, and the impedance detection of the blood vessel sections with different blood vessel lengths can also be realized.
Further, the wire part connected between the impedance detection part and the control handle is a flexible wire, the flexible wire can not limit the rotation of the control handle, and the bending direction of the distal end of the impedance detection catheter can be changed by rotating the control handle, so that the length of the blood vessel segment between the two impedance detection electrodes can be further changed, more detection results can be obtained, and the device is suitable for a wider detection range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a state diagram of use of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the detection of a first mode of use of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second mode of use of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of a vascular impedance detection device is shown in fig. 1 to 4: comprises an impedance detection circuit comprising two impedance detection electrodes 2 for contacting the outer wall of the vessel 1, and an impedance detection means for being placed outside the human body in use, in this embodiment comprising a battery, a voltmeter and an ammeter. The impedance detection device further comprises two impedance detection catheters 3, the distal ends of the impedance detection catheters 3 are adjustable bent sections 5, control handles 6 are arranged at the proximal ends of the impedance detection catheters, the impedance detection electrodes 2 are made of metal heads fixed at the ends of the adjustable bent sections of the impedance detection catheters, the distal ends in the embodiment are far away from one end of an operator, the metal heads are provided with distal end portions 21 and outer peripheral surfaces 22 for being in contact with the outer walls of corresponding blood vessels, and the distal end portions of the metal heads are of ball structures, namely, the distal spherical surfaces of the metal heads and the outer peripheral surfaces of the connection positions of the ball fans can be in contact with the outer walls of the blood vessels to perform impedance detection. The impedance detection catheter is internally provided with a stay wire and an elastic sheet (not shown in the figure) along the extending direction of the impedance detection catheter, the proximal end of the stay wire is connected with a control handle, the mechanical connection relationship among the control handle, the stay wire, the elastic sheet and the impedance detection catheter belongs to the prior art, the renal artery radio frequency ablation catheter in the prior art also adopts the structure, the distal end bending of the impedance detection catheter can be controlled by pulling the stay wire, and the specific connection relationship is not described in detail here. An inner catheter wire is arranged in the impedance detection catheter, the distal end of the inner catheter wire is connected with the impedance detection electrode 2, the proximal end of the inner catheter wire passes through the control handle and then is electrically connected with the impedance detection component through the wire, and in the embodiment, the wire part connected between the impedance detection component and the control handle is a flexible wire 8.
When in use, as shown in fig. 1, after renal artery ablation is carried out, two impedance detection catheters are inserted into the external side of a renal artery of a human body through a sheath tube 4, the metal heads of the impedance detection electrodes are contacted with the external wall of a detected blood vessel, so that the impedance of a blood vessel segment between the two impedance detection electrodes can be detected, if the impedance detection catheters directly extend out of the sheath tube to detect the impedance of the blood vessel segment, the distance between the two impedance detection electrodes is shown in fig. 2, a plurality of groups of impedance data are sometimes needed, the inconsistent length of an ablation area can cause the impedance detection device of the blood vessel segment to detect the impedance of the blood vessel segment with different lengths, when the impedance detection of the blood vessel segment with a large distance is carried out, as shown in fig. 3, a control handle can be operated, so that the adjustable bending section of the two impedance detection catheters bends towards the opposite side, the length of the blood vessel segment between the two impedance detection electrodes can be greatly increased, and the adjustable bending section of the impedance detection catheters can also be provided according to actual detection requirements. The impedance detection of the small-distance blood vessel segment is shown in fig. 4: the control handle can be rotated to enable the adjustable bending sections of the two impedance detection catheters to bend oppositely, and the length of the blood vessel section between the two impedance detection electrodes can be reduced, so that the length of the blood vessel section to be detected is changed by adjusting the adjustable bending sections, thereby obtaining multiple groups of impedance data and carrying out impedance detection on ablation areas with different lengths. Of course, the impedance detection of the vessel segment may not be used for judging the ablation effect of the sympathetic nerve, and in practical clinical practice, the impedance value of the vessel segment is often needed, and the invention is not limited to be used on renal artery vessels.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the battery may not be provided, and the impedance detecting unit may be powered by mains supply, where the impedance detecting unit includes a transformer for transforming the mains supply; the impedance detecting means may also be an integrated impedance tester, such as a high-precision LCR impedance analyzer sold by chinese company, zurich Instruments, switzerland.
Claims (2)
1. A vascular segment impedance detection device, characterized by: the device comprises an impedance detection circuit, wherein the impedance detection circuit comprises two impedance detection electrodes used for being in contact with the outer wall of a blood vessel, the impedance detection circuit further comprises an impedance detection part used for being placed outside a human body when in use, the impedance detection device further comprises two impedance detection catheters, the two impedance detection electrodes are respectively arranged at the distal ends of the corresponding impedance detection catheters, the impedance detection circuit further comprises a catheter inner lead which is arranged in the corresponding impedance detection catheters and is used for electrically connecting the corresponding impedance detection electrodes with the impedance detection part, the impedance detection part comprises a battery, a voltmeter and an ammeter, the impedance detection electrodes are made of metal heads fixed at the distal ends of the impedance detection catheters, the metal heads are provided with distal end parts and peripheral surfaces which are used for being in contact with the outer wall of the blood vessel, the impedance detection device further comprises control handles corresponding to the impedance detection catheters, the control handles are respectively connected with the proximal ends of the corresponding impedance detection catheters, the distal ends of the impedance detection catheters are adjustable bent sections, the impedance detection electrodes are arranged at the ends of the adjustable bent sections, and elastic sheets and pull wires connected with the control handles are respectively arranged in the impedance detection catheters.
2. The impedance detection device of claim 1, wherein: the wire part connected between the impedance detecting part and the control handle is a flexible wire.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810241428.3A CN108553164B (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2018-03-22 | Vascular segment impedance detection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810241428.3A CN108553164B (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2018-03-22 | Vascular segment impedance detection device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108553164A CN108553164A (en) | 2018-09-21 |
| CN108553164B true CN108553164B (en) | 2023-12-12 |
Family
ID=63532818
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810241428.3A Active CN108553164B (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2018-03-22 | Vascular segment impedance detection device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108553164B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102551874A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-07-11 | 上海微创电生理医疗科技有限公司 | Renal artery radiofrequency ablation catheter |
| CN102961181A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2013-03-13 | 韦伯斯特生物官能(以色列)有限公司 | Catheter adapted for direct tissue contact |
| CN105212932A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-06 | 南开大学 | A kind of intelligent organizational separating operation apparatus that can detect bio-electrical impedance |
| CN107456273A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-12 | 韦伯斯特生物官能(以色列)有限公司 | For the foley's tube for detecting occlusion and the related method based on impedance |
| CN208492302U (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-02-15 | 高传玉 | Vessel segment impedance detection device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015049784A1 (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2015-04-09 | 有限会社日本エレクテル | Balloon catheter ablation system |
| EP3791817B1 (en) * | 2014-10-01 | 2024-05-22 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.à.r.l. | Systems for evaluating neuromodulation therapy via hemodynamic responses |
-
2018
- 2018-03-22 CN CN201810241428.3A patent/CN108553164B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102961181A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2013-03-13 | 韦伯斯特生物官能(以色列)有限公司 | Catheter adapted for direct tissue contact |
| CN102551874A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-07-11 | 上海微创电生理医疗科技有限公司 | Renal artery radiofrequency ablation catheter |
| CN105212932A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-06 | 南开大学 | A kind of intelligent organizational separating operation apparatus that can detect bio-electrical impedance |
| CN107456273A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-12 | 韦伯斯特生物官能(以色列)有限公司 | For the foley's tube for detecting occlusion and the related method based on impedance |
| CN208492302U (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-02-15 | 高传玉 | Vessel segment impedance detection device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108553164A (en) | 2018-09-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106264719B (en) | Electrophysiologicalcatheter catheter | |
| US11439460B2 (en) | Catheter system and electrode assembly for intraprocedural evaluation of renal denervation | |
| US8406866B2 (en) | System and method for assessing coupling between an electrode and tissue | |
| CN107028653A (en) | Symmetrical short circuit touch force sensor with four coils | |
| EP2229904A1 (en) | Dual-purpose lasso catheter with irrigation | |
| CN105520780A (en) | Methods for contemporaneous assessment of renal denervation | |
| US9510905B2 (en) | Systems and methods for high-resolution mapping of tissue | |
| CN111629678B (en) | Annular mapping catheter | |
| CN112869874A (en) | Electrode device, medical catheter and ablation system | |
| CN105232141B (en) | A kind of medical catheter head end for surveying contact force | |
| WO2012029413A1 (en) | Intracardiac defibrillating catheter | |
| CN106901831A (en) | The arteria renalis stimulates ablating electrode conduit | |
| CN108553164B (en) | Vascular segment impedance detection device | |
| CN114209417A (en) | Visual depth ablation catheter | |
| EP2470070B1 (en) | Electrical metering of active fixation lead coupling | |
| US20240041518A1 (en) | Systems and methods for interrupting nerve activity to treat a medical condition | |
| CN116919415A (en) | Novel electrophysiology catheter | |
| CN217219188U (en) | Radiofrequency ablation catheter and radiofrequency ablation equipment | |
| CN103519885B (en) | A kind of renal artery inner height optionally Multifunctional catheter | |
| CN208492302U (en) | Vessel segment impedance detection device | |
| CN214965709U (en) | Medical catheter | |
| CN104068930A (en) | Renal denervation ablation catheter with pre-bent catheter body | |
| CN101879060B (en) | Electrophysiological catheter with reliable tip electrode connection | |
| CN204016470U (en) | A kind of have in advance bend body remove renal artery sympathetic nerve ablation catheter | |
| CN215651496U (en) | Electrode device, medical catheter and ablation system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |