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CN108332615A - 防弹方舱板材 - Google Patents

防弹方舱板材 Download PDF

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CN108332615A
CN108332615A CN201810087736.5A CN201810087736A CN108332615A CN 108332615 A CN108332615 A CN 108332615A CN 201810087736 A CN201810087736 A CN 201810087736A CN 108332615 A CN108332615 A CN 108332615A
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layer
plank
honeycomb
shellproof
silicon carbide
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CN108332615B (zh
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江怡
杨勇
黄健
梁眉华
王良模
陈威
沙小伟
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Suzhou Jiangnan Aerospace Mechanical and Electrical Industry Co Ltd
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Suzhou Jiangnan Aerospace Mechanical and Electrical Industry Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F41H5/0428—Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/007—Reactive armour; Dynamic armour
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
    • B32B2571/02—Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates or anti-ballistic clothing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种防弹方舱板材，其包括：外层、防弹层、内层，防弹层位于外层和内层之间；防弹层包括：碳化硅陶瓷层、芳纶纤维复合材料层、蜂窝结构层，碳化硅陶瓷层、芳纶纤维复合材料层、蜂窝结构层依次层叠地设置于外层和内层之间，且外层复合于碳化硅陶瓷层上，内层复合于蜂窝结构层上，蜂窝结构层包括若干以三维阵列形式排布的结构单元，任一结构单元包括：第一连接点、第二连接点、U形件以及连杆。本发明具有良好的吸能效果，同时，蜂窝结构层在受到压缩时，结构在垂直于压缩方向上产生收缩效果，从而提高结构的刚度，有利于进一步吸收子弹的动能。此外，本发明在防弹保温的同时，还减小了板材的厚度，满足了防弹方舱的轻量化要求。

Description

防弹方舱板材
技术领域
本发明涉及一种板材，尤其涉及一种防弹方舱板材。
背景技术
防弹方舱在执行战场任务时，为了保证人员和设备的安全，需要其拥有一定的防弹性能。为了保证有较好的防弹性能，现有的防弹方舱的板材中通常添加了一定厚度的泡沫铝板，其使得板材的厚度进一步增加，从而使得板材无法满足防弹方舱的轻量化要求，进而影响了防弹方舱的机动性。因此，针对上述问题，有必要提出进一步的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种防弹方舱板材，以克服现有技术中存在的不足。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：
一种防弹方舱板材，其包括：外层、防弹层、内层，所述防弹层位于所述外层和内层之间；
所述防弹层包括：碳化硅陶瓷层、芳纶纤维复合材料层、蜂窝结构层，所述碳化硅陶瓷层、芳纶纤维复合材料层、蜂窝结构层依次层叠地设置于所述外层和内层之间，且所述外层复合于所述碳化硅陶瓷层上，所述内层复合于所述蜂窝结构层上，所述蜂窝结构层包括若干以三维阵列形式排布的结构单元，任一结构单元包括：第一连接点、第二连接点、U形件以及连杆，所述U形件为四个，任一U形件的两臂相向倾斜设置，且任一U形件的一端与所述第一连接点相连接，另一端与所述第二连接点相连接，四个U形件呈十字形，所述连杆的一端与第一连接点相连接，所述连杆的另一端与一侧相邻的结构单元的第二连接点相连接。
作为本发明的防弹方舱板材的改进，所述外层为外蒙皮层，所述内层为内蒙皮层，所述外蒙皮层的厚度为1-2mm，所述内蒙皮层的厚度为1-2mm。
作为本发明的防弹方舱板材的改进，所述碳化硅陶瓷层的厚度为5-6mm，所述芳纶纤维复合材料层的厚度为9-10mm，所述蜂窝结构层的厚度为20-30mm。
作为本发明的防弹方舱板材的改进，所述外层、防弹层、内层之间通过粘接方式相连接。
作为本发明的防弹方舱板材的改进，所述防弹层中碳化硅陶瓷层、芳纶纤维复合材料层、蜂窝结构层之间通过粘接方式相连接。
作为本发明的防弹方舱板材的改进，当所述连杆的延伸方向为X方向时，Y方向上相邻的结构单元之间共用U形件中两臂之间的部分，Z方向上相邻的结构单元之间共用U形件中两臂之间的部。
作为本发明的防弹方舱板材的改进，所述蜂窝结构层中还填充有聚氨酯泡沫。
作为本发明的防弹方舱板材的改进，所述防弹方舱板材还包括骨架，所述芳纶纤维复合材料层、蜂窝结构层、内层与所述骨架相连接。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明的防弹方舱板材具有良好的吸能效果，同时，蜂窝结构层在受到压缩时，结构在垂直于压缩方向上产生收缩效果，从而提高结构的刚度，有利于进一步吸收子弹的动能。此外，本发明的防弹方舱板材在防弹保温的同时，还减小了板材的厚度，满足了防弹方舱的轻量化要求。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的防弹方舱板材的层结构示意图；
图2为防弹层中蜂窝结构层的立体示意图；
图3为蜂窝结构层中一结构单元的立体示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示，本发明提供一种防弹方舱板材，其包括：外层1、防弹层2、内层3，所述防弹层2位于所述外层1和内层3之间。
所述外层1和内层3分别形成所述防弹方舱板材的外表面和内表面。在一个实施方式中，所述外层1为外蒙皮层，所述内层3为内蒙皮层。所述蒙皮层具体为PVC塑料板，其可以有效的防止防弹方舱板材腐蚀和氧化。优选地，所述外蒙皮层的厚度为1-2mm，所述内蒙皮层的厚度为1-2mm。
所述防弹层2包括：碳化硅陶瓷层21、芳纶纤维复合材料层22、蜂窝结构层23。所述碳化硅陶瓷层21、芳纶纤维复合材料层22、蜂窝结构层23依次层叠地设置于所述外层1和内层3之间，且所述外层1复合于所述碳化硅陶瓷层21上，所述内层3复合于所述蜂窝结构层23上。
在一个实施方式中，所述外层1、防弹层2、内层3之间通过粘接方式相连接。进一步地，所述防弹层2中碳化硅陶瓷层21、芳纶纤维复合材料层22、蜂窝结构层23之间通过粘接方式相连接。
按照如上述层结构的设置方式，由于碳化硅陶瓷层21位于防弹层2的最外侧，因为碳化硅陶瓷层21具有极高的强度和硬度，在子弹冲击防弹方舱板材时可以使子弹发生最大程度的变形和毁坏，增加子弹与板材的接触面积。
由于芳纶纤维复合材料层22位于防弹层2的第二层，从而，在子弹充分变形拥有较大接触面积后，利用芳纶纤维复合材料的抗冲击特性，将子弹的动能通过纤维的拉伸、断裂以及材料分层向远离冲击的区域传播，进一步吸收子弹动能。
由于蜂窝结构层23位于防弹层2的第三层，其在受到压缩时，在垂直于压缩方向上发生收缩，从而提高了蜂窝结构层23的刚度，增强了防弹方舱板材的防弹性能。
所述碳化硅陶瓷层21和芳纶纤维复合材料层22为已知材料，二者能够良好地吸收射入子弹的动能。优选地，所述碳化硅陶瓷层21的厚度为5-6mm，所述芳纶纤维复合材料层22的厚度为9-10mm。
如图2、3所示，所述蜂窝结构层23包括若干以三维阵列形式排布的结构单元230，任一结构单元230包括：第一连接点231、第二连接点232、U形件233以及连杆234。优选地，所述蜂窝结构层23的厚度为20-30mm。
具体地，所述U形件233为四个，任一U形件233的两臂相向倾斜设置，且任一U形件233的一端与所述第一连接点231相连接，另一端与所述第二连接点232相连接。优选地，四个U形件233呈十字形。同时，所述连杆234的一端与第一连接点231相连接，所述连杆234的另一端与一侧相邻的结构单元230的第二连接点232相连接。如此设置，蜂窝结构层23在受到压缩时，结构在垂直于压缩方向上产生收缩效果，从而提高结构的刚度，有利于进一步吸收子弹的动能。
在一个实施方式中，由于所述蜂窝结构层23中各结构单元230在三维空间中以阵列形式排布，当所述连杆234的延伸方向为X方向时，Y方向上相邻的结构单元230之间共用U形件233中两臂之间的部分，同时，Z方向上相邻的结构单元230之间共用U形件233中两臂之间的部。
为了使得所述的防弹方舱板材具有良好的保温性能，所述蜂窝结构层23中还填充有聚氨酯泡沫24。
此外，所述防弹方舱板材还包括骨架4，所述骨架4埋设于蜂窝结构层23中。同时，所述芳纶纤维复合材料层22、蜂窝结构层23、内层3与所述骨架4相粘接。
综上所述，本发明的防弹方舱板材具有良好的吸能效果，同时，蜂窝结构层在受到压缩时，结构在垂直于压缩方向上产生收缩效果，从而提高结构的刚度，有利于进一步吸收子弹的动能。此外，本发明的防弹方舱板材在防弹保温的同时，还减小了板材的厚度，满足了防弹方舱的轻量化要求。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (8)

1.一种防弹方舱板材，其特征在于，所述防弹方舱板材包括：外层、防弹层、内层，所述防弹层位于所述外层和内层之间；
所述防弹层包括：碳化硅陶瓷层、芳纶纤维复合材料层、蜂窝结构层，所述碳化硅陶瓷层、芳纶纤维复合材料层、蜂窝结构层依次层叠地设置于所述外层和内层之间，且所述外层复合于所述碳化硅陶瓷层上，所述内层复合于所述蜂窝结构层上，所述蜂窝结构层包括若干以三维阵列形式排布的结构单元，任一结构单元包括：第一连接点、第二连接点、U形件以及连杆，所述U形件为四个，任一U形件的两臂相向倾斜设置，且任一U形件的一端与所述第一连接点相连接，另一端与所述第二连接点相连接，四个U形件呈十字形，所述连杆的一端与第一连接点相连接，所述连杆的另一端与一侧相邻的结构单元的第二连接点相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防弹方舱板材，其特征在于，所述外层为外蒙皮层，所述内层为内蒙皮层，所述外蒙皮层的厚度为1-2mm，所述内蒙皮层的厚度为1-2mm。
3.根据权利要求2所述的防弹方舱板材，其特征在于，所述碳化硅陶瓷层的厚度为5-6mm，所述芳纶纤维复合材料层的厚度为9-10mm，所述蜂窝结构层的厚度为20-30mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防弹方舱板材，其特征在于，所述外层、防弹层、内层之间通过粘接方式相连接。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的防弹方舱板材，其特征在于，所述防弹层中碳化硅陶瓷层、芳纶纤维复合材料层、蜂窝结构层之间通过粘接方式相连接。
6.根据权利要求1所述的防弹方舱板材，其特征在于，当所述连杆的延伸方向为X方向时，Y方向上相邻的结构单元之间共用U形件中两臂之间的部分，Z方向上相邻的结构单元之间共用U形件中两臂之间的部。
7.根据权利要求1所述的防弹方舱板材，其特征在于，所述蜂窝结构层中还填充有聚氨酯泡沫。
8.根据权利要求1所述的防弹方舱板材，其特征在于，所述防弹方舱板材还包括骨架，所述芳纶纤维复合材料层、蜂窝结构层、内层与所述骨架相连接。
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