CN108329596B - Wood-plastic composite material for ornamental bamboo cultivation device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wood-plastic composite material for ornamental bamboo cultivation device and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108329596B CN108329596B CN201810218623.4A CN201810218623A CN108329596B CN 108329596 B CN108329596 B CN 108329596B CN 201810218623 A CN201810218623 A CN 201810218623A CN 108329596 B CN108329596 B CN 108329596B
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- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920001912 maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(I) nitrate Inorganic materials [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012611 container material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000003570 Phyllostachys pubescens Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000302661 Phyllostachys pubescens Species 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003381 deacetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wood-plastic composite material for an ornamental bamboo cultivation device and a preparation method thereof, wherein the wood-plastic composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of straw powder, 40-50 parts of polypropylene particles, 2-4 parts of PE wax, 0.5-1.0 part of flatting agent, 0.3-0.8 part of defoaming agent, 5-6 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.3 part of antioxidant, 8-10 parts of Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, 2-3 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1-2 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 6-8 parts of chitosan. The root control container material prepared by the invention has a sterilization function, does not need to manually spray or mix a medicament in a nutrient medium for insect killing and sterilization, has simple and convenient cultivation process, can continuously kill germs and pests in the medium and the soil ball at the root of the bamboo, kills germs brought in the later watering process in time, promotes the growth of the root system of the bamboo, avoids the root rot caused by the infection of germs and pests on the bamboo, and improves the survival rate and the growth quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bamboo cultivation, in particular to a wood-plastic composite material for an ornamental bamboo cultivation device and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Bamboo is a characteristic plant resource widely distributed in south China, is tall and straight, elegant and coquettish, such as tortoise shell bamboo, golden jade, bamboo girald, and the like, and is widely applied to garden greening. People respectively carry out targeted cultivation according to the stem shape, the stem color, the leaf color, the plant shape and the like of the bamboo, and the demands of people are greatly enriched. With the improvement of economic development level and the requirement of a plurality of bamboo species for winter, people gradually introduce the bamboo species suitable for potted plants into the room, so that the bamboo can enter the daily life of people like other ornamental plants.
Because the root and penis system of the bamboo is extremely developed, especially for the scattered bamboo used for potted plant, the roots are easy to nest after the indoor common potted plant, the water utilization is also not easy to control, the growth is not facilitated, and the management is not easy; the regular manual cutting of roots growing outside the pot easily causes damage to the bamboo. Therefore, the growth of indoor potted scattered-growth bamboos is controlled by combining a root control technology from the nutrition angle, and the potted scattered-growth bamboos are managed from the water utilization angle, so that the method has important significance and market prospect.
Before the bamboo is transplanted to the root control container, the nutrient medium must be sprayed or mixed with pesticide for killing insects and sterilizing, so as to prevent the bamboo from infecting germs and insect pests, causing root rot and influencing the survival of the bamboo. However, the disinfection method is not only complex in process, but also easily brings germs into the nutrient medium again along with the growth of the cultivation period and watering in the later period, and influences the growth of the root system of the bamboo.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a wood-plastic composite material for ornamental bamboo cultivation devices and a preparation method thereof, wherein a root control container processed from the material prepared by the method has a sterilization function, and can continuously kill germs and pests in a matrix and a bamboo root soil ball, promote growth and development of bamboos, and increase survival rate.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
the wood-plastic composite material for the ornamental bamboo cultivation device comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of straw powder, 40-50 parts of polypropylene particles, 2-4 parts of PE wax, 0.5-1.0 part of flatting agent, 0.3-0.8 part of defoaming agent, 5-6 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.3 part of antioxidant, 8-10 parts of Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, 2-3 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1-2 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 6-8 parts of chitosan.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a preparation method of the wood-plastic composite material for the ornamental bamboo cultivation device, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing organic Ag-loaded sepiolite: dissolving sodium hexametaphosphate in 10 times volume of deionized water, adding Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, performing ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, fully reacting for 8-10 h under constant-temperature stirring at 80 ℃, and performing vacuum drying for 1h at 60 ℃ to obtain the onboard Ag sepiolite;
step two, preparing chitosan/organic-carried Ag sepiolite powder: dissolving the organic Ag-loaded sepiolite obtained in the step one in deionized water with the volume 5 times that of the organic Ag-loaded sepiolite, fully stirring for 10-15 min at 80 ℃, adding chitosan, continuing to react for 4-5 h to obtain a chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite solution, standing the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite solution for 1h at room temperature, and then centrifuging, filtering, washing, drying and grinding to obtain chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder;
step three, preparing the wood-plastic composite material: and (2) taking the straw powder, sieving the straw powder by a sieve of 40-60 meshes, drying the straw powder at 100 ℃ for 6 hours, taking polypropylene particles, drying the polypropylene particles for 1.5 hours at 80 ℃, then taking the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder obtained in the step two, mixing the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder into the dried straw powder and the polypropylene particles, then adding maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, a silane coupling agent, PE wax, a flatting agent, a defoaming agent and an antioxidant, fully mixing the mixture for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 2000-3000 r/min to obtain a mixed material, adding the obtained mixed material into an internal mixer, mixing the mixed material for 5 minutes at 160-180 ℃, then quickly transferring the mixed material into a single-screw extruder, further mixing the mixed material, extruding and granulating to obtain the wood-plastic composite material.
Further, the preparation method of the Ag-loaded sepiolite powder comprises the following steps:
1) taking sepiolite, crushing, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain sepiolite powder, soaking the sepiolite powder into deionized water with 5 times of volume, performing microwave oscillation for 20-30 min under the condition of 500MHz frequency, performing suction filtration to remove a water solution, washing filter residues with deionized water for multiple times, drying the filter residues at 80 ℃, then immersing the dried filter residues into a dilute hydrochloric acid solution with 20 times of volume for acidification treatment for 2h, performing suction filtration to remove an acid solution to obtain acidified sepiolite powder, washing the obtained acidified sepiolite powder with deionized water for multiple times, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain dried acidified sepiolite powder;
2) dissolving 0.6-0.7 time of AgNO3 of sepiolite in 15 times of deionized water to obtain AgNO3 solution, adding AgNO3 solution into the dried acidified sepiolite powder obtained in the step 1), fully reacting for 2 hours under normal-temperature magnetic stirring, filtering to remove filtrate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain Ag-loaded sepiolite;
3) fully grinding the Ag-carrying sepiolite obtained in the step 2) by using a mortar, and then roasting the ground Ag-carrying sepiolite for 2.5 to 3 hours in a roasting furnace to obtain Ag-carrying sepiolite powder, wherein the roasting temperature is 400 ℃.
Further, before drying the straw powder in the third step, performing microwave radiation treatment on the surface of the straw powder, wherein the adopted microwave frequency is 2450MHz, the microwave power is 800W, and the radiation time is 180 s.
Further, the extrusion parameters of the single screw extruder in the third step are as follows: the temperature is 140-150 ℃, the feeding speed is 250r/min, and the rotating speed of the main machine is 400 r/min.
Further, the leveling agent in the third step is one or two of an organic silicon type leveling agent and a polyacrylate type leveling agent, and the defoaming agent is one or two of an organic silicon defoaming agent and a mineral oil type defoaming agent.
Further, the conditions of ultrasonic high-speed dispersion in the step one are as follows: the ultrasonic frequency is 32KHz, the dispersion speed is 45r/s, and the dispersion time is 45 min.
Further, the acidification treatment temperature of the dried filter residue in the step 1) in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution is 72 ℃, and the filter residue is fully stirred at a rotating speed of 80-100 r/min in the acidification treatment process.
Further, the conditions of the concentration under reduced pressure in 2) are: the temperature is 60-70 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.09-0.1 MPa.
Further, the concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid solution in the step 1) is 1.1-1.3 mol/L.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adds the sterilization component into the composite material for processing the root control container, so that the root control container has the sterilization function, does not need to manually spray or mix a medicament into the nutrient medium for insect killing and sterilization, has simple and convenient cultivation process, can continuously kill germ and pest in the medium and the soil ball at the root of the bamboo, kills germ brought in the late watering process in time, promotes the growth of the root system of the bamboo, avoids the root rot caused by the infection of the bamboo with germ and pest, and improves the survival rate and the growth quality.
2. The invention utilizes chitosan with broad-spectrum antibacterial action, grafts the organic-carried Ag sepiolite on the chitosan, and then mixes the chitosan with straw powder, polypropylene particles and other materials to prepare the composite material, thereby improving the solubility of the chitosan in neutral media, ensuring that the antibacterial performance of the chitosan is not easily influenced by the pH value, the concentration, the relative molecular mass and the deacetylation degree, and improving the antibacterial stability of the chitosan.
3. According to the invention, by utilizing the characteristics of strong capability of the sepiolite for adsorbing metal ions, large specific surface area, strong dispersibility and thermal stability and the sterilization characteristic of metal silver ions, the metal silver ions are loaded on the sepiolite, so that the antibacterial sterilization characteristic of the composite material is further improved, and meanwhile, the sepiolite can adsorb the sterilized silver ions again, so that the antibacterial sterilization characteristic of the composite material is more durable.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below:
example one
The wood-plastic composite material for the ornamental bamboo cultivation device comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of straw powder, 40 parts of polypropylene particles, 2 parts of PE wax, 0.5 part of flatting agent, 0.3 part of defoaming agent, 5 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 1 part of silane coupling agent, 0.1 part of antioxidant, 8 parts of Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, 2 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1 part of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 6 parts of chitosan. The preparation method of the wood-plastic composite material for the ornamental bamboo cultivation device comprises the following steps:
dissolving sodium hexametaphosphate in 10 times volume of deionized water, adding Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, dispersing for 45min at a high speed by using ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 32KHz at a dispersion speed of 45r/s, adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, fully reacting for 8-10 h under the stirring at a constant temperature of 80 ℃, and then drying for 1h under vacuum at 60 ℃ to obtain the Ag-loaded sepiolite;
step two, dissolving the organic Ag-loaded sepiolite obtained in the step one in deionized water with the volume 5 times that of the organic Ag-loaded sepiolite, fully stirring the mixture for 10 to 15 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃, adding chitosan to continue reacting for 4 to 5 hours to obtain a chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite solution, standing the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite solution for 1 hour at room temperature, and then centrifuging, filtering, washing, drying and grinding the solution to obtain chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder;
step three, taking the straw powder, sieving the straw powder by a sieve of 40-60 meshes, treating the straw powder for 180s by adopting microwave radiation with the frequency of 2450MHz and the microwave power of 800W, drying the straw powder at 100 ℃ for 6h, taking the polypropylene particles, drying the polypropylene particles at 80 ℃ for 1.5h, taking the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder obtained in the step two, mixing the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder into the dried straw powder and the polypropylene particles, then maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, silane coupling agent, PE wax, organic silicon flatting agent, organic silicon defoaming agent and antioxidant are added and fully mixed for 10min at the rotating speed of 2000-3000 r/min to obtain a mixture, the obtained mixture is added into an internal mixer and mixed for 5min at the temperature of 160-180 ℃, and then quickly transferring the mixed material into a single-screw extruder for further mixing, extruding and granulating to obtain the wood-plastic composite material, wherein the extrusion parameters of the single-screw extruder are as follows: the temperature is 140-150 ℃, the feeding speed is 250r/min, and the rotating speed of the main machine is 400 r/min.
The preparation method of the Ag-loaded sepiolite powder comprises the following steps:
1) taking sepiolite powder, crushing, sieving by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain sepiolite powder, immersing the sepiolite powder into deionized water with 5 times of volume, performing microwave oscillation for 20-30 min under the condition of 500MHz frequency, performing suction filtration to remove a water solution, washing filter residue for multiple times by deionized water, drying the filter residue at 80 ℃, then immersing the dried filter residue into a 20-fold diluted hydrochloric acid solution with volume concentration of 1.1-1.3 mol/L, performing acidification treatment for 2h under the stirring condition of 72 ℃, performing suction filtration to remove an acid solution at the stirring speed of 80-100 r/min to obtain acidified sepiolite powder, washing the obtained acidified sepiolite powder with deionized water for multiple times, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain dried acidified sepiolite powder;
2) dissolving 0.6-0.7 times of AgNO3 of sepiolite in 15 times of deionized water to obtain AgNO3 solution, adding AgNO3 solution into the dried acidified sepiolite powder obtained in the step 1), fully reacting for 2 hours under normal-temperature magnetic stirring, filtering to remove filtrate, and concentrating under reduced pressure at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.09-0.1 MPa to obtain Ag-loaded sepiolite;
3) fully grinding the Ag-loaded sepiolite obtained in the step 2) by using a mortar, and then roasting the ground Ag-loaded sepiolite in a roasting furnace for 2.5-3 hours to obtain Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, wherein the roasting temperature is 400 ℃.
Example two
The wood-plastic composite material for the ornamental bamboo cultivation device comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of straw powder, 50 parts of polypropylene particles, 4 parts of PE wax, 1.0 part of flatting agent, 0.8 part of defoaming agent, 6 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 3 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.3 part of antioxidant, 10 parts of Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, 3 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 2 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 8 parts of chitosan. The preparation method of the wood-plastic composite material for the ornamental bamboo cultivation device comprises the following steps:
dissolving sodium hexametaphosphate in 10 times volume of deionized water, adding Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, dispersing for 45min at a high speed by using ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 32KHz at a dispersion speed of 45r/s, adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, fully reacting for 8-10 h under the stirring at a constant temperature of 80 ℃, and then drying for 1h under vacuum at 60 ℃ to obtain the Ag-loaded sepiolite;
step two, dissolving the organic Ag-loaded sepiolite obtained in the step one in deionized water with the volume 5 times that of the organic Ag-loaded sepiolite, fully stirring the mixture for 10 to 15 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃, adding chitosan to continue reacting for 4 to 5 hours to obtain a chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite solution, standing the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite solution for 1 hour at room temperature, and then centrifuging, filtering, washing, drying and grinding the solution to obtain chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder;
step three, taking the straw powder, sieving the straw powder by a sieve of 40-60 meshes, treating the straw powder for 180s by adopting microwave radiation with the frequency of 2450MHz and the microwave power of 800W, drying the straw powder at 100 ℃ for 6h, taking the polypropylene particles, drying the polypropylene particles at 80 ℃ for 1.5h, taking the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder obtained in the step two, mixing the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder into the dried straw powder and the polypropylene particles, adding maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, a silane coupling agent, PE wax, a polyacrylate leveling agent, a mineral oil defoaming agent and an antioxidant, fully mixing for 10min at the rotating speed of 2000-3000 r/min to obtain a mixed material, adding the obtained mixed material into an internal mixer, mixing for 5min at the temperature of 160-180 ℃, then quickly transferring the mixed material into a single-screw extruder, further mixing, extruding and granulating to obtain the wood-plastic composite material, wherein the extrusion parameters of the single-screw extruder are as follows: the temperature is 140-150 ℃, the feeding speed is 250r/min, and the rotating speed of the main machine is 400 r/min.
The preparation method of the Ag-loaded sepiolite powder comprises the following steps:
1) taking sepiolite powder, crushing, sieving by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain sepiolite powder, immersing the sepiolite powder into deionized water with 5 times of volume, performing microwave oscillation for 20-30 min under the condition of 500MHz frequency, performing suction filtration to remove a water solution, washing filter residue for multiple times by deionized water, drying the filter residue at 80 ℃, then immersing the dried filter residue into a 20-fold diluted hydrochloric acid solution with volume concentration of 1.1-1.3 mol/L, performing acidification treatment for 2h under the stirring condition of 72 ℃, performing suction filtration to remove an acid solution at the stirring speed of 80-100 r/min to obtain acidified sepiolite powder, washing the obtained acidified sepiolite powder with deionized water for multiple times, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain dried acidified sepiolite powder;
2) dissolving 0.6-0.7 times of AgNO3 of sepiolite in 15 times of deionized water to obtain AgNO3 solution, adding AgNO3 solution into the dried acidified sepiolite powder obtained in the step 1), fully reacting for 2 hours under normal-temperature magnetic stirring, filtering to remove filtrate, and concentrating under reduced pressure at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.09-0.1 MPa to obtain Ag-loaded sepiolite;
3) fully grinding the Ag-carrying sepiolite obtained in the step 2) by using a mortar, and then roasting the ground Ag-carrying sepiolite for 2.5 to 3 hours in a roasting furnace to obtain Ag-carrying sepiolite powder, wherein the roasting temperature is 400 ℃.
EXAMPLE III
The wood-plastic composite material for the ornamental bamboo cultivation device comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of straw powder, 45 parts of polypropylene particles, 3 parts of PE wax, 0.7 part of flatting agent, 0.6 part of defoaming agent, 5.5 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 2 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.2 part of antioxidant, 9 parts of Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, 2.5 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1.5 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 7 parts of chitosan. The preparation method of the wood-plastic composite material for the ornamental bamboo cultivation device comprises the following steps:
dissolving sodium hexametaphosphate in 10 times volume of deionized water, adding Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, dispersing for 45min at a high speed by using ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 32KHz at a dispersion speed of 45r/s, adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, fully reacting for 8-10 h under the stirring at a constant temperature of 80 ℃, and then drying for 1h under vacuum at 60 ℃ to obtain the Ag-loaded sepiolite;
step two, dissolving the organic Ag-loaded sepiolite obtained in the step one in deionized water with the volume 5 times that of the organic Ag-loaded sepiolite, fully stirring the mixture for 10 to 15 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃, adding chitosan to continue reacting for 4 to 5 hours to obtain a chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite solution, standing the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite solution for 1 hour at room temperature, and then centrifuging, filtering, washing, drying and grinding the solution to obtain chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder;
step three, taking the straw powder, sieving the straw powder by a 40-60-mesh sieve, treating the straw powder for 180s by adopting microwave radiation with the frequency of 2450MHz and the microwave power of 800W, drying the straw powder at 100 ℃ for 6h, taking the polypropylene particles, drying the polypropylene particles at 80 ℃ for 1.5h, then taking the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder obtained in the step two, mixing the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder into the dried straw powder and the polypropylene particles, then adding maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, a silane coupling agent, PE wax, an organic silicon and polyacrylate mixed flatting agent, an organic silicon and mineral oil mixed defoaming agent and an antioxidant, fully mixing the mixture for 10min at the rotating speed of 2000-3000 r/min to obtain a mixed material, adding the obtained mixed material into an internal mixer, mixing the mixture for 5min at the temperature of 160-180 ℃, then quickly transferring the mixed material into a single-screw extruder, further mixing the mixed material, extruding and granulating to obtain the wood-plastic composite material, the extrusion parameters of the single screw extruder were: the temperature is 140-150 ℃, the feeding speed is 250r/min, and the rotating speed of the main machine is 400 r/min.
The preparation method of the Ag-loaded sepiolite powder comprises the following steps:
1) taking sepiolite powder, crushing, sieving by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain sepiolite powder, immersing the sepiolite powder into deionized water with 5 times of volume, performing microwave oscillation for 20-30 min under the condition of 500MHz frequency, performing suction filtration to remove a water solution, washing filter residue for multiple times by deionized water, drying the filter residue at 80 ℃, then immersing the dried filter residue into a 20-fold diluted hydrochloric acid solution with volume concentration of 1.1-1.3 mol/L, performing acidification treatment for 2h under the stirring condition of 72 ℃, performing suction filtration to remove an acid solution at the stirring speed of 80-100 r/min to obtain acidified sepiolite powder, washing the obtained acidified sepiolite powder with deionized water for multiple times, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain dried acidified sepiolite powder;
2) dissolving 0.6-0.7 times of AgNO3 of sepiolite in 15 times of deionized water to obtain AgNO3 solution, adding AgNO3 solution into the dried acidified sepiolite powder obtained in the step 1), fully reacting for 2 hours under normal-temperature magnetic stirring, filtering to remove filtrate, and concentrating under reduced pressure at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.09-0.1 MPa to obtain Ag-loaded sepiolite;
3) fully grinding the Ag-carrying sepiolite obtained in the step 2) by using a mortar, and then roasting the ground Ag-carrying sepiolite for 2.5 to 3 hours in a roasting furnace to obtain Ag-carrying sepiolite powder, wherein the roasting temperature is 400 ℃.
Example four
The wood-plastic composite material for the ornamental bamboo cultivation device comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of straw powder, 47 parts of polypropylene particles, 2.5 parts of PE wax, 0.7 part of flatting agent, 0.4 part of defoaming agent, 5.2 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 1.5 parts of silane coupling agent and 0.25 part of antioxidant. The preparation method of the wood-plastic composite material for the ornamental bamboo cultivation device comprises the following steps:
taking straw powder, sieving the straw powder with a 40-60-mesh sieve, carrying out microwave radiation treatment for 180s with the frequency of 2450MHz and the microwave power of 800W, drying the straw powder at 100 ℃ for 6h, taking polypropylene particles, drying the polypropylene particles at 80 ℃ for 1.5h, mixing the dried straw powder with the polypropylene particles, adding maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, a silane coupling agent, PE wax, an organic silicon and polyacrylate mixed flatting agent, an organic silicon and mineral oil mixed defoaming agent and an antioxidant, fully mixing the materials at the rotating speed of 2000-3000 r/min for 10min to obtain a mixed material, adding the obtained mixed material into an internal mixer, mixing the mixed material at the temperature of 160-180 ℃ for 5min, rapidly transferring the mixed material into a single-screw extruder, further mixing the mixed material, extruding and granulating to obtain the wood-plastic composite material, wherein the extrusion parameters of the single-screw extruder are as follows: the temperature is 140-150 ℃, the feeding speed is 250r/min, and the rotating speed of the main machine is 400 r/min.
Detection of physical Properties
And (3) respectively adding the granular wood-plastic composite materials obtained in the first to fourth embodiments into a flat vulcanizing machine for hot press molding, wherein the hot press temperature is 185 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, and the time is 4min, so as to prepare the flaky wood-plastic composite material. Preparing 4 samples of 3mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 80mm according to GB/T16420-1996, and carrying out unnotched impact performance test; preparing 4 samples of 3mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 120mm, span 80mm and indenter radius 5mm according to GB/T1449-2005, and carrying out bending performance at a test speed of 2 mm/min; preparing 4 samples of 5mm multiplied by 3mm according to ASTM D-791, immersing the test piece in normal temperature water, weighing the sample weight after 168 hours, and testing the water absorption rate; the fourth example adopts a formula of a common wood-plastic composite material as a control group of the first to third examples, and specific test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data analysis in Table 1, the wood-plastic composite materials prepared in the first to third examples have the water absorption rate lower than 1% and the impact strength higher than 30kJ/m2The bending strength is higher than 40 MPa; compared with the wood-plastic composite material prepared by a contrast group, the water absorption of the wood-plastic composite material prepared by the invention is obviously reduced, and the impact strength and the bending strength are obviously improved.
Biological properties
And (3) adding the granular wood-plastic composite materials obtained in the first to fourth embodiments into a mold of a forming cultivation device, respectively, smelting for 5min at 180 ℃ under the condition of 3-5 MPa, cold-pressing for 5min at normal temperature under the condition of 3-5 MPa, and demolding to obtain the cultivation device, wherein the formula of the common wood-plastic composite material is adopted in the fourth embodiment and serves as a control group of the first to third embodiments. Dividing the young phyllostachys pubescens with the height of 18-20 cm into 3 strains and a cluster, respectively adopting the cultivation devices prepared from the wood-plastic composite materials obtained in the first embodiment to the fourth embodiment to cultivate, wherein 10 cultivation devices formed in each embodiment are respectively adopted to cultivate, and after 6 months, counting the insect pest infection rate, the rooting rate, the survival rate, the average growth height and the branch amount of the phyllostachys pubescens; the specific test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the data analysis in Table 2, the young phyllostachys pubescens cultured by the culture apparatus prepared from the wood-plastic composite materials obtained in the first to fourth embodiments have no insect pest infection, the rooting rate is higher than 95%, the survival rate is higher than 98%, the average growth height is higher than 60cm, the branch amount is higher than 15, and all indexes are greatly improved compared with those of a control group.
The invention adds the sterilization component into the composite material for processing the root control container, so that the root control container has the sterilization function, does not need to manually spray or mix a medicament into the nutrient medium for insect killing and sterilization, has simple and convenient cultivation process, can continuously kill germ and insect pests in the medium and the soil ball at the root of the bamboo, kills germs brought in the later watering process in time, promotes the growth of the root system of the bamboo, avoids the root rot caused by the infection of germs and insect pests on the bamboo, and improves the survival rate and the growth quality.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (9)
1. A wood-plastic composite for vwatching bamboo breeding device which characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of straw powder, 40-50 parts of polypropylene particles, 2-4 parts of PE wax, 0.5-1.0 part of flatting agent, 0.3-0.8 part of defoaming agent, 5-6 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.3 part of antioxidant, 8-10 parts of Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, 2-3 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1-2 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 6-8 parts of chitosan; the preparation method of the wood-plastic composite material for the ornamental bamboo cultivation device comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing organic Ag-loaded sepiolite: dissolving sodium hexametaphosphate in 10 times volume of deionized water, adding Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, performing ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, fully reacting for 8-10 h under constant-temperature stirring at 80 ℃, and performing vacuum drying for 1h at 60 ℃ to obtain the onboard Ag sepiolite;
step two, preparing chitosan/organic-carried Ag sepiolite powder: dissolving the organic Ag-loaded sepiolite obtained in the step one in deionized water with the volume 5 times that of the organic Ag-loaded sepiolite, fully stirring for 10-15 min at 80 ℃, adding chitosan, continuing to react for 4-5 h to obtain a chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite solution, standing the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite solution for 1h at room temperature, and then centrifuging, filtering, washing, drying and grinding to obtain chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder;
step three, preparing the wood-plastic composite material: and (2) sieving the straw powder by a sieve of 40-60 meshes, drying for 6 hours at 100 ℃, drying polypropylene particles for 1.5 hours at 80 ℃, mixing the chitosan/organic Ag-loaded sepiolite powder obtained in the step two into the dried straw powder and polypropylene particles, adding maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, a silane coupling agent, PE wax, a flatting agent, a defoaming agent and an antioxidant, fully mixing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 2000-3000 r/min to obtain a mixed material, adding the obtained mixed material into an internal mixer, mixing for 5 minutes at 160-180 ℃, quickly transferring the mixed material into a single-screw extruder, further mixing, extruding and granulating to obtain the wood-plastic composite material.
2. The wood-plastic composite for ornamental bamboo cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the Ag-loaded sepiolite powder comprises the following steps:
1) taking sepiolite, crushing, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain sepiolite powder, soaking the sepiolite powder into deionized water with the volume of 5 times, performing microwave oscillation for 20-30 min under the condition of 500MHz frequency, performing suction filtration to remove a water solution, washing filter residue with deionized water for multiple times, drying the filter residue at 80 ℃, then immersing the dried filter residue into a dilute hydrochloric acid solution with the volume of 20 times for acidification treatment for 2h, performing suction filtration to remove an acid solution to obtain acidified sepiolite powder, washing the obtained acidified sepiolite powder with deionized water for multiple times, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain dried acidified sepiolite powder;
2) taking 0.6-0.7 times of weight of AgNO of sepiolite3Dissolving in 15 times volume of deionized water to obtain AgNO3Taking the dried acidified sepiolite powder obtained in 1) and adding AgNO3The solution is fully reacted for 2 hours under the magnetic stirring at normal temperature, the filtrate is removed by suction filtration, and the pressure is reducedConcentrating to obtain Ag-carrying sepiolite;
3) fully grinding the Ag-loaded sepiolite obtained in the step 2) by using a mortar, and then roasting the ground Ag-loaded sepiolite in a roasting furnace for 2.5-3 hours to obtain Ag-loaded sepiolite powder, wherein the roasting temperature is 400 ℃.
3. The wood-plastic composite for ornamental bamboo cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein: before drying, the straw powder is subjected to microwave radiation treatment on the surface of the straw powder, wherein the adopted microwave frequency is 2450MHz, the microwave power is 800W, and the radiation time is 180 s.
4. The wood-plastic composite for ornamental bamboo cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein: the extrusion parameters of the single screw extruder in the third step are as follows: the temperature is 140-150 ℃, the feeding speed is 250r/min, and the rotating speed of the main machine is 400 r/min.
5. The wood-plastic composite for ornamental bamboo cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein: the leveling agent in the third step is one or two of an organic silicon type leveling agent and a polyacrylate type leveling agent, and the defoaming agent is one or two of an organic silicon defoaming agent and a mineral oil type defoaming agent.
6. The wood-plastic composite for ornamental bamboo cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein: the conditions of the ultrasonic high-speed dispersion in the first step are as follows: the ultrasonic frequency is 32KHz, the dispersion speed is 45r/s, and the dispersion time is 45 min.
7. The wood-plastic composite for ornamental bamboo cultivation device according to claim 2, wherein: 1) the acidification treatment temperature of the dried filter residue in the dilute hydrochloric acid solution is 72 ℃, and the filter residue is fully stirred at the rotating speed of 80-100 r/min in the acidification treatment process.
8. The wood-plastic composite for ornamental bamboo cultivation device according to claim 2, wherein: 2) the reduced pressure concentration conditions in (1) are as follows: the temperature is 60-70 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.09-0.1 MPa.
9. The wood-plastic composite for ornamental bamboo cultivation device according to claim 2, wherein: 1) the concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid solution is 1.1-1.3 mol/L.
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