CN108327368A - 一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108327368A CN108327368A CN201810075384.1A CN201810075384A CN108327368A CN 108327368 A CN108327368 A CN 108327368A CN 201810075384 A CN201810075384 A CN 201810075384A CN 108327368 A CN108327368 A CN 108327368A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- low density
- layers
- density polyethylene
- temperature
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 caprylyl ferrocene Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- AGXUVMPSUKZYDT-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);octadecanoate Chemical group [Ba+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O AGXUVMPSUKZYDT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl salicylate Chemical group OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FRKHZXHEZFADLA-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;octadecanoate Chemical compound [Sr+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O FRKHZXHEZFADLA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical group CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octabenzone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000969 phenyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OSNIIMCBVLBNGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(dimethylamino)propan-1-one Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)C(=O)C1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 OSNIIMCBVLBNGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KHWQFISNNNRGLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tributylphenol Chemical class CCCCC1=CC(CCCC)=C(O)C(CCCC)=C1 KHWQFISNNNRGLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LZHCVNIARUXHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 LZHCVNIARUXHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UKWUOTZGXIZAJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrosalicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1O UKWUOTZGXIZAJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JXSRRBVHLUJJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-amino-2-methylsulfanyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile Chemical compound N1=CC(C#N)=C(N)N2N=C(SC)N=C21 JXSRRBVHLUJJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FMRHJJZUHUTGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylhexyl salicylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O FMRHJJZUHUTGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 101000823778 Homo sapiens Y-box-binding protein 2 Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylated hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BTVVNGIPFPKDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BTVVNGIPFPKDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Co+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XYVVCFFJQVMSNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene iron(2+) 5-octylcyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound [Fe++].c1cc[cH-]c1.CCCCCCCC[c-]1cccc1 XYVVCFFJQVMSNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LMBWSYZSUOEYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyldithiocarbamic acid Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(S)=S LMBWSYZSUOEYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WHDGWKAJBYRJJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K ferbam Chemical compound [Fe+3].CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S WHDGWKAJBYRJJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- XHQSLVIGPHXVAK-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Fe+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XHQSLVIGPHXVAK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- RWXOJQGSZWUIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(3+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [La+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RWXOJQGSZWUIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BJZBHTNKDCBDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dodecanoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BJZBHTNKDCBDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- SZINCDDYCOIOJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O SZINCDDYCOIOJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Natural products OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HKITTYDLDOKDRC-UHFFFAOYSA-K octadecanoate;praseodymium(3+) Chemical compound [Pr+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HKITTYDLDOKDRC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical class OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GDESWOTWNNGOMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol monobenzoate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(OC(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GDESWOTWNNGOMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940098697 zinc laurate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- GPYYEEJOMCKTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dodecanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GPYYEEJOMCKTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000003413 degradative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 63
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003870 salicylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001089 mineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012461 cellulose resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009328 dry farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010096 film blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- MEYZYGMYMLNUHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tunicamycin Natural products CC(C)CCCCCCCCCC=CC(=O)NC1C(O)C(O)C(CC(O)C2OC(C(O)C2O)N3C=CC(=O)NC3=O)OC1OC4OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C4NC(=O)C MEYZYGMYMLNUHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- A01G13/0262—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
- B29B13/06—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying
- B29B13/065—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying of powder or pellets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/002—Methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/16—Auxiliary treatment of granules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C37/0092—Drying moulded articles or half products, e.g. preforms, during or after moulding or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/28—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of blown tubular films, e.g. by inflation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing four or more carbon atoms
- C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing four or more carbon atoms with aliphatic 1-olefins containing one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
- C08L33/26—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92704—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/716—Degradable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/728—Hydrophilic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
- C08L2207/066—LDPE (radical process)
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜及其制备方法，其中上层由降解潜伏期较长的降解材料组成，中间主要由超强吸水树脂和降解材料组成，下层由降解潜伏期较短的降解材料组成；上层、中层和下层各组分分别进行混合、双螺杆挤出机造粒，制成上层、中层和下层降解塑料颗粒，并将其分别放入三挤出机的料斗内，经吹膜成为三层降解地膜；本发明采用了超强吸水树脂作为中间层，使氧化降解后的残膜具备吸水性能，增加了土壤中的含水量，改善土壤质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农用地膜覆盖技术领域，具体涉及一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
地膜覆盖是旱作节水农业和增加农作物生长期的关键技术措施之一。地膜覆盖技术的应用极大地提高了农业产量和效益，带动了农业生产方式转变，促进了农业生产力飞跃。但是随着地膜覆盖面积的增加，传统地膜既不能降解，又难以回收，残膜污染问题日趋严重。为减少和消除白色污染，开发了各种降解地膜。降解地膜的降解一般分为两步。第一步是非生物降解，降解地膜丧失机械性能，大块地膜变成小块。这个过程较短，大约3到6个月。第二步是生物降解，将降解地膜转化为二氧化碳和水。这个过程较长，一般1到3年。在这期间，这些以碎片薄膜存在于土壤中，给土壤带来不利的影响。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜及其制备方法，降解过程中具有保水性，且生态环保。
本发明为解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案如下：
技术方案一：
一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜，其包括上层膜、中层膜和下层膜；所述
中层膜的原料包括超强吸水树脂和降解材料；所述上层膜比下层膜降解潜伏期长。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述上层膜的原料包括如下重量比的组分：0.01%~0.20%降解剂、0.10%~0.40%热稳定剂、0.10%~0.30%的光稳定剂、0.05%~0.20%的抗氧剂、3%~7%的低密度聚乙烯和91.9%~96.74%的线性低密度聚乙烯；
所述降解剂是二氧化钛、氧化铁、氧化锰、正辛基二茂铁、正辛酰基二茂铁、硬脂酸铁、硬脂酸锰、硬脂酸钴、硬脂酸铜、硬脂酸铈、硬脂酸镧、硬脂酸镨、二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸铈中的一种或几种；
所述热稳定剂为硬脂酸钡、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸锶、硬脂酸镁、月桂酸钡、月桂酸钙、月桂酸锌、月桂酸镁中的一种或几种；
所述光稳定剂为水杨酸苯酯、4,4’-亚异丙基双（苯酚水杨酸酯）、水杨酸对叔丁基苯酯、间苯二酚单苯甲酸酯、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮的一种或几种；
所述抗氧剂为2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、2,4,6-三叔丁基苯酚、4-羟甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚、叔丁基羟基茴香醚、四[甲基-β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]季戊四醇酯、2,2’-亚甲基双(4-乙基-6-叔丁基苯酚)的一种或几种；
所述低密度聚乙烯为LD662、2012TN26、2426H、2436H、LD600的一种或几种；
所述线性低密度聚乙烯为7042、7042T、9020、7042N、7042K、218W、222、0218D、9042、FV149M的一种或几种。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述下层膜的原料包括如下重量比为组分：0.05%~0.20%的降解剂、3%~7%的低密度聚乙烯和92.8%~96.95%的线性低密度聚乙烯。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述中层膜包括如下重量比的组分：0.01%~0.20%的降解剂、0.10%~0.40%的热稳定剂、0.05%~0.20%的抗氧剂、30%~90%的超强吸水树脂和9.2%~69.84%线性低密度聚乙烯；
所述超强吸水性树脂为淀粉类超强吸水树脂、纤维素类超强吸水树脂或合成聚合物类超强吸水树脂中的一种或几种；所述淀粉类超强吸水树脂为羧甲基化淀粉树脂、磷酸酯化淀粉树脂或淀粉黄原酸盐树脂；所述纤维素类超强吸水树脂为羧甲基化纤维素树脂、羟丙基化纤维素树脂或黄原酸化纤维素树脂；所述合成聚合物类超强吸水树脂为聚丙烯酸盐类树脂、聚乙烯醇类树脂、聚丙烯腈类树脂、聚氧化烷烃类树脂或无机聚合物类树脂。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述上层膜厚度为3~5微米，所述中层膜厚度为5~10微米，所述下层膜厚度为2~4微米。
技术方案二：
一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将各层原料组分分别在真空度为0.15Pa-0.1Pa，温度为70oC-80oC的条件下干燥5min-10min；
（2）将干燥后的组分称重，放入剪切式搅拌机中混合，搅拌机的转速为1050rpm-2500rpm，搅拌的温度为45oC-55oC，搅拌时间为5min-15min；
（3）将前述获得的产物用双螺杆造粒机挤出，水下切粒系统切粒；挤出机筒体一区温度85oC-90oC，筒体二区温度135oC-140oC，筒体三区温度195oC-200oC，筒体四区温度275oC-280oC，筒体五区~八区温度245oC-250oC，模板温度220oC-225oC，切粒水温度60oC，节流阀温度22oC-23oC；
（4）干燥：将挤出切粒步骤所造粒在真空度为0.15Pa-0.1Pa，温度为70oC-80oC的条件下干燥10min-20min；
（5）吹膜：将各层材料放入三层挤出机的漏斗中，经挤出吹塑成膜。
本发明具有如下技术效果：
本发明提供的保水型环境生物降解薄膜材料中，通过三层成型工艺，中间层采用超强吸水树脂，使环境生物降解薄膜材料具备高吸水潜能，这种吸水保水潜能在降解地膜经过非生物降解期之后逐渐释放出来。如果采用单层膜，无法采用吹膜工艺，只能采用流延成型工艺。而流延成型设备相比吹膜成型设备，价格非常昂贵，不易推广。另外，如用单层成型工艺，因掺入了超强吸水材料，地膜的降解行为难于调整，降解潜伏期往往较短，无法满足农作物生长要求，因此在中层膜上下分别复合了上层膜和下层膜；上层膜和下层膜的降解潜伏期不同，上层膜潜伏期较长，下层膜潜伏期较短，上层膜直接接触太阳光照射，所接受的各种波长的光辐射强度度最大，又处于表面，容易接触到氧气，氧气浓度较大，容易发生氧化降解。而与土壤接触的下层地膜所受到的光照强度小于上层地膜，所覆盖空域中，因土壤中有机物发生矿物化作用，消耗氧气，生成二氧化碳，造成二氧化碳在下层空域中浓度相对集中，使得下层地膜不易发生氧化降解。为了使降解地膜上下层在实际使用时能均匀降解，所以在使得上层的地膜在标准条件下降解较慢，而下层的地膜在标准条件下降解较快。该降解材料在完全矿物化，生成二氧化碳和水之前，因具备保水性能，若存于土壤，可以增加土壤含水量，促进干旱地区作物的生长。此外，本发明提供的保水型环境生物降解薄膜材料最后能降解成二氧化碳、水和少量腐殖质，不会对环境产生污染。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的技术方案进行进一步详细说明。
实施例1：
一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜,其包括上层膜、中层膜和下层膜；所述上
层膜原料包括如下组分：0.02kg硬脂酸铁，0.2kg硬脂酸钡，0.2kg水杨酸苯酯，0.2kg2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.38kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042；
中层膜原料包括如下组分：0.01kg硬脂酸铁，0.1kg硬脂酸钡，0.05kg2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚，30kg聚丙烯酸纳，69.84kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
下层膜原料包括如下组分：0.2kg硬脂酸铁，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.8kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将各层原料组分分别在真空度为0.15Pa-0.1Pa，温度为70oC-80oC的条件下干燥10min；
（2）将干燥后的组分称重，放入剪切式搅拌机中混合，搅拌机的转速为2500rpm，搅拌的温度为55oC，搅拌时间为15min；
（3）将前述获得的产物用双螺杆造粒机挤出，水下切粒系统切粒；挤出机筒体一区温度90oC，筒体二区温度140oC，筒体三区温度200oC，筒体四区温度280oC，筒体五区~八区温度245oC-250oC，模板温度220oC-225oC，切粒水温度60oC，节流阀温度22oC-23oC；
（4）干燥：将挤出切粒步骤所造粒在真空度为0.15Pa-0.1Pa，温度为70oC-80oC的条件下干燥20min；
（5）吹膜：将上层、中层和下层降解材料分别倒入装备三台挤出机的吹膜机三个进料斗中，通过调整挤出机转速、上牵引和下牵引的速度，使挤出的上层厚度为5微米，中层厚度为7微米，下层厚度为3微米。
实施例2：
上层：0.02kg硬脂酸铁，0.2kg硬脂酸钡，0.2kg水杨酸苯酯，0.2kg2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.38kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
中层：0.05kg硬脂酸铁，0.2kg硬脂酸钡，0.1kg2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚，50kg聚丙烯酸纳，49,65kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
下层：0.2kg硬脂酸铁，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.8kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
本实施例的制备方法同实施例1，其中上层膜厚度为5微米，中层膜厚度为7微米，下层膜厚度为3微米。
实施例3：
上层：0.02kg硬脂酸铁，0.2kg硬脂酸钡，0.2kg水杨酸苯酯，0.2kg2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.38kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
中层：0.2kg硬脂酸铁，0.4kg硬脂酸钡，0.2kg2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚，90kg聚丙烯酸纳，9.2kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
下层：0.2kg硬脂酸铁，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.8kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
本实施例的制备方法同实施例1，其中上层膜厚度为5微米，中层膜厚度为7微米，下层膜厚度为3微米。
实施例4：
上层膜：0.01kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，0.15kg硬脂酸锶，0.25kg水杨酸对叔丁基苯酯，0.15kg4-羟甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.44kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
中层膜：0.05kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，0.15kg硬脂酸锶，0.1kg4-羟甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚，30kg聚丙烯酰胺，69.7kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
下层膜：0.1kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.9kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
本实施例的制备方法同实施例1，其中上层膜厚度为5微米，中层膜厚度为7微米，下层膜厚度为3微米。
实施例5：
上层：0.01kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，0.15kg硬脂酸锶，0.25kg水杨酸对叔丁基苯酯，0.15kg4-羟甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.44kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
中层：0.05kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，0.15kg硬脂酸锶，0.1kg4-羟甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚，50kg聚丙烯酰胺，49.7kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042
下层：0.1kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.9kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
本实施例的制备方法同实施例1，其中上层膜厚度为5微米，中层膜厚度为7微米，下层膜厚度为3微米。
实施例6：
上层：0.01kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，0.15kg硬脂酸锶，0.25kg水杨酸对叔丁基苯酯，0.15kg4-羟甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.44kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
中层：0.05kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，0.15kg硬脂酸锶，0.1kg4-羟甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚，70kg聚丙烯酰胺，29.7kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
下层：0.1kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.9kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
本实施例的制备方法同实施例1，其中上层膜厚度为5微米，中层膜厚度为7微米，下层膜厚度为3微米。
对比例1：
上层：0.02kg硬脂酸铁，0.2kg硬脂酸钡，0.2kg水杨酸苯酯，0.2kg2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.38kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
中层：0.01kg硬脂酸铁，0.1kg硬脂酸钡，0.05kg2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚，99,84kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
下层：0.2kg硬脂酸铁，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.8kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
本实施例的制备方法同实施例1，其中上层膜厚度为5微米，中层膜厚度为7微米，下层膜厚度为3微米。
对比例2：
上层：0.01kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，0.15kg硬脂酸锶，0.25kg水杨酸对叔丁基苯酯，0.15kg4-羟甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.44kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
中层：0.05kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，0.15kg硬脂酸锶，0.1kg4-羟甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚，99.7kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
下层：0.1kg二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁，5kg低密度聚乙烯2426H，94.9kg线性低密度聚乙烯7042。
本实施例的制备方法同实施例1，其中上层膜厚度为5微米，中层膜厚度为7微米，下层膜厚度为3微米。
试验例：
将实施例1~6和对比例1和2制备的薄膜放入氙灯人工老化箱内暴晒。暴晒时宽带（300nm ~ 400nm）辐照度为（60±2）W/m2，窄带（340nm）辐照度为（0.51±0.02）W/m2，累计辐射能量为52MJ/m2。黑标温度为（65±5）oC，相对湿度为（65±5）kg，每次喷水时间为（18±0.5）min，两次喷水之间的时间间隔为（102±0.5）min。表1为暴晒前后薄膜纵向拉力、伸长率和溶胀度的变化。
表1 环境生物降解薄膜纵向拉力、伸长率和溶胀度
注：溶胀度是指1克材料放置于过量蒸馏水中，完全吸胀后所吸收液体的重量。其单位为g/g。
由表1可知，通锅在中层膜中添加超强吸水树脂，使薄膜分解过程中的保水性增大，且添加的超强吸水树脂比例越大，保水性越大。
当然，除了实施例1-6所列举的情况，其他原料组分的种类和重量配比、制备过程中的条件和参数等也可以。
本发明提供的环境生物降解材料，通过添加超强吸水树脂，即可使制备得到的环境生物降解材料。本发明采用三层共挤工艺，使该保水型环境生物降解材料成膜性好，由其制备得到具备潜在的高吸水性能的农业用地面覆盖薄膜等。此外，本发明提供的保水型环境生物降解材料能降解为二氧化碳、水和腐殖质等，不会对环境造成任何污染。
在本说明书描述中的参考术语“实施例”意指结合该实施例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例以及不同实施例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
Claims (6)
1.一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜，其特征在于：其包括上层膜、中层膜和下层膜；所述中层膜的原料包括超强吸水树脂和降解材料；所述上层膜比下层膜降解潜伏期长。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜，其特征在于：所述上层膜的原料包括如下重量比的组分：0.01%~0.20%降解剂、0.10%~0.40%热稳定剂、0.10%~0.30%的光稳定剂、0.05%~0.20%的抗氧剂、3%~7%的低密度聚乙烯和91.9%~96.74%的线性低密度聚乙烯；
所述降解剂是二氧化钛、氧化铁、氧化锰、正辛基二茂铁、正辛酰基二茂铁、硬脂酸铁、硬脂酸锰、硬脂酸钴、硬脂酸铜、硬脂酸铈、硬脂酸镧、硬脂酸镨、二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸铁、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸铈中的一种或几种；
所述热稳定剂为硬脂酸钡、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸锶、硬脂酸镁、月桂酸钡、月桂酸钙、月桂酸锌、月桂酸镁中的一种或几种；
所述光稳定剂为水杨酸苯酯、4,4’-亚异丙基双（苯酚水杨酸酯）、水杨酸对叔丁基苯酯、间苯二酚单苯甲酸酯、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮的一种或几种；
所述抗氧剂为2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、2,4,6-三叔丁基苯酚、4-羟甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚、叔丁基羟基茴香醚、四[甲基-β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]季戊四醇酯、2,2’-亚甲基双(4-乙基-6-叔丁基苯酚)的一种或几种；
所述低密度聚乙烯为LD662、2012TN26、2426H、2436H、LD600的一种或几种；
所述线性低密度聚乙烯为7042、7042T、9020、7042N、7042K、218W、222、0218D、9042、FV149M的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜，其特征在于：所述下层膜的原料包括如下重量比为组分：0.05%~0.20%的降解剂、3%~7%的低密度聚乙烯和92.8%~96.95%的线性低密度聚乙烯。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜，其特征在于：所述中层膜包括如下重量比的组分：0.01%~0.20%的降解剂、0.10%~0.40%的热稳定剂、0.05%~0.20%的抗氧剂、30%~90%的超强吸水树脂和9.2%~69.84%线性低密度聚乙烯；
所述超强吸水性树脂为淀粉类超强吸水树脂、纤维素类超强吸水树脂或合成聚合物类超强吸水树脂中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜，其特征在于：所述上层膜厚度为3~5微米，所述中层膜厚度为5~10微米，所述下层膜厚度为2~4微米。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）将各层原料组分分别在真空度为0.15Pa-0.1Pa，温度为70oC-80oC的条件下干燥5min-10min；
（2）将干燥后的组分称重，放入剪切式搅拌机中混合，搅拌机的转速为1050rpm-2500rpm，搅拌的温度为45oC-55oC，搅拌时间为5min-15min；
（3）将前述获得的产物用双螺杆造粒机挤出，水下切粒系统切粒；挤出机筒体一区温度85oC-90oC，筒体二区温度135oC-140oC，筒体三区温度195oC-200oC，筒体四区温度275oC-280oC，筒体五区~八区温度245oC-250oC，模板温度220oC-225oC，切粒水温度60oC，节流阀温度22oC-23oC；
（4）干燥：将挤出切粒步骤所造粒在真空度为0.15Pa-0.1Pa，温度为70oC-80oC的条件下干燥10min-20min；
（5）吹膜：将各层材料放入三层挤出机的漏斗中，经挤出吹塑成膜。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810075384.1A CN108327368B (zh) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | 一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810075384.1A CN108327368B (zh) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | 一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜及其制备方法 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108327368A true CN108327368A (zh) | 2018-07-27 |
| CN108327368B CN108327368B (zh) | 2020-09-29 |
Family
ID=62925984
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810075384.1A Expired - Fee Related CN108327368B (zh) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | 一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108327368B (zh) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108997648A (zh) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-14 | 北京国瑞新源投资有限公司 | 一种堆肥型降解垃圾袋薄膜材料及其制备方法 |
| CN109220420A (zh) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-18 | 云南曲靖塑料(集团)有限公司 | 一种高强度三层双色农用地膜及其制备方法 |
| CN109397809A (zh) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-01 | 昆山金盟塑料薄膜有限公司 | 一种易降解复合膜及其制备方法 |
| CN109429841A (zh) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-08 | 山东隆昌塑业有限公司 | 一种适应不同环境的可降解地膜及其制作方法 |
| WO2021136603A1 (de) * | 2019-12-29 | 2021-07-08 | Braukmann Gmbh | Ein vakuumverschliessbarer kunststoffbeutel |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104742459A (zh) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-01 | 贵州明球兴发农业科技有限公司 | 一种防虫防草可降解环保地膜 |
| CN106003943A (zh) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 深圳市虹彩新材料科技有限公司 | 三层共挤生物降解地膜的制备方法及三层共挤生物降解地膜 |
| CN107018827A (zh) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-08-08 | 兰州鑫银环橡塑制品有限公司 | 一种环境全降解薄膜材料及其制备方法 |
| CN107148876A (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-12 | 安徽恒鑫环保新材料有限公司 | 一种可以保水和保湿的三层共挤生物降解地面覆盖膜 |
-
2018
- 2018-01-26 CN CN201810075384.1A patent/CN108327368B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104742459A (zh) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-01 | 贵州明球兴发农业科技有限公司 | 一种防虫防草可降解环保地膜 |
| CN106003943A (zh) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 深圳市虹彩新材料科技有限公司 | 三层共挤生物降解地膜的制备方法及三层共挤生物降解地膜 |
| CN107018827A (zh) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-08-08 | 兰州鑫银环橡塑制品有限公司 | 一种环境全降解薄膜材料及其制备方法 |
| CN107148876A (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-12 | 安徽恒鑫环保新材料有限公司 | 一种可以保水和保湿的三层共挤生物降解地面覆盖膜 |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109220420A (zh) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-18 | 云南曲靖塑料(集团)有限公司 | 一种高强度三层双色农用地膜及其制备方法 |
| CN109220420B (zh) * | 2018-08-08 | 2021-02-26 | 云南曲靖塑料(集团)有限公司 | 一种高强度三层双色农用地膜及其制备方法 |
| CN108997648A (zh) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-14 | 北京国瑞新源投资有限公司 | 一种堆肥型降解垃圾袋薄膜材料及其制备方法 |
| CN109397809A (zh) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-01 | 昆山金盟塑料薄膜有限公司 | 一种易降解复合膜及其制备方法 |
| CN109429841A (zh) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-08 | 山东隆昌塑业有限公司 | 一种适应不同环境的可降解地膜及其制作方法 |
| WO2021136603A1 (de) * | 2019-12-29 | 2021-07-08 | Braukmann Gmbh | Ein vakuumverschliessbarer kunststoffbeutel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108327368B (zh) | 2020-09-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108327368A (zh) | 一种三层保水型环境生物降解薄膜及其制备方法 | |
| CN102408587B (zh) | 环保型可控降解农用地膜及其制备方法 | |
| US5416133A (en) | Chemically degradable polyolefin films | |
| CN110283433B (zh) | 一种全生物降解地膜及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN106046725A (zh) | 一种高阻隔性生物可降解地膜及其制备方法 | |
| CN102942770A (zh) | 一种可完全生物降解的农用地膜 | |
| CN107018827A (zh) | 一种环境全降解薄膜材料及其制备方法 | |
| CN112063125A (zh) | 制备全生物降解地膜的专用料及其制备的全降解地膜及该地膜制备方法 | |
| CN106479132B (zh) | 一种塑料薄膜降解母粒及其制备方法与应用 | |
| CN111234476A (zh) | 一种光遮盖度可控的可生物降解薄膜及制备方法 | |
| CN107936495B (zh) | 一种抗紫外高阻水pbat薄膜及其制备方法 | |
| CN112980167A (zh) | 一种可降解农用地膜及其制备方法 | |
| CN110117413B (zh) | 高原蔬菜种植用可降解地膜及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN103374173A (zh) | 耐用型地膜 | |
| CN110178609B (zh) | 旱作农业区全生物降解地膜及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN114213814B (zh) | 一种抗uv老化的生物降解地膜母粒配方及其制备方法 | |
| CN1181126C (zh) | 可发性塑料功能母粒和农作物保养膜母粒及其制备方法 | |
| CN1189511C (zh) | 农作物保养膜及其制备方法 | |
| CN114854215B (zh) | 一种生物降解农用地膜改性材料及其制备方法 | |
| CN108219261A (zh) | 一种可降解材料及其制备方法、可降解薄膜及其制备方法 | |
| CN106084378A (zh) | 一种可降解地膜 | |
| CN104945682A (zh) | 一种热塑性淀粉基地膜复合材料及其制备方法 | |
| CN113004665A (zh) | 一种抗菌防虫可降解农用地膜及其制备方法 | |
| CN102140185A (zh) | 可生物降解的地膜和制备该地膜的方法 | |
| CN116589836A (zh) | 一种绿色安全生物降解材料及制备方法和应用 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20200929 Termination date: 20210126 |