CN108282474B - Block chain based digital asset transaction consistency maintenance method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a block chain-based digital asset transaction consistency maintenance method, which comprises the following steps: step (1): firstly, a new transaction is created by a transaction initiating node; step (2): other nodes in the network receive the transaction information and carry out validity check on the transaction information; placing the legitimate transaction in a new block; and (3): broadcasting the new block into the network, synchronizing the new block by nodes in the network, and firstly updating the MPTC account state tree by the nodes when synchronizing the new block; and (4): updating the MPTC account state tree in the step (3), wherein the account in which the new transaction occurs associates the new transaction with the latest transaction of the account; and (5): and linking the transaction records related to the same account according to the time sequence, so that the new block is added into the block chain, and the updating of the account state tree and the account transaction chain is completed simultaneously. The problem of account state consistency for the digital asset field is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blockchain, in particular to a method for maintaining the transaction consistency of digital assets based on blockchain.
Background
The block chain technology is applied to the field of digital assets, a safe and reliable circulation mechanism is provided for the digital assets, and a value transmission system of the digital assets is guaranteed. The blockchain constructs an ad hoc network of P2P in a distributed peer-to-peer network without central control by using a distributed collective operation mode. Each account information is maintained by nodes under the P2P network, but due to network delay, network failure, etc., the information may not be identical between accounts, and the status awareness for the same account may not be identical. Bitcoin, ether house, etc. employ workload certification mechanisms to probabilistically ensure the ultimate consistency of digital assets.
With the diversification of digital assets and the diversity of digital asset states, transactions are not limited to final consistency of balance, and digital asset transactions with various contents and forms put higher consistency requirements on state, content, time sequence and the like on the state consistency of the blockchain accounts. Therefore, a complete set of transaction chain construction mechanism and account status verification mechanism is required to ensure the status consistency of the blockchain accounts in the whole network.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a block chain-based digital asset transaction consistency maintenance method, which solves the problem of account state consistency in the field of digital assets.
The maintenance method of the digital asset transaction consistency based on the blockchain comprises the following steps:
step (1): firstly, a new transaction is created by a transaction initiating node;
step (2): other nodes in the network receive the transaction information and carry out validity check on the transaction information; placing the legitimate transaction in a new block;
and (3): broadcasting the new block into the network, synchronizing the new block by nodes in the network, and firstly updating the MPTC account state tree by the nodes when synchronizing the new block;
and (4): updating the MPTC account state tree in the step (3), wherein the account in which the new transaction occurs associates the new transaction with the latest transaction of the account;
and (5): and linking the transaction records related to the same account according to the time sequence, so that the new block is added into the block chain, and the updating of the account state tree and the account transaction chain is completed simultaneously.
And (5) linking the transactions related to the same blockchain account, and finally acquiring a historical complete transaction chain of the initiating account and the receiving account of the transaction.
In the step (1), the information of the transaction includes pre-from and pre-to, where pre-from is a hash value of a latest transaction of the transaction initiating account, and pre-to is a hash value of a latest transaction of the transaction receiving account.
In the step (2), comparing the pre-from and pre-to information of the transaction information with the account transaction information synchronized by the node, and verifying whether the information is consistent; if the transaction is consistent with the digital asset state consistency principle, the transaction is judged to be correct, and the correct transaction is placed into a new block; if the transaction information is inconsistent with the digital asset state consistency principle, the transaction information is wrong, a transaction error result is returned, the transaction is inconsistent with the digital asset state consistency principle and is not verified, and the wrong transaction is discarded.
In the step (3), when a new transaction occurs on the account, updating the latest transaction Tx-hash of the account on the MPTC account state tree, and calculating the hash value merkle root of the root node of the updated account state tree; storing a hash value merkleroot in a block header, wherein the hash value merkleroot is used for verifying whether the transaction is recorded in the block;
in the step (4), since the latest transaction of the account includes the hash value pre-from of the latest transaction of the transaction initiating account and the hash value pre-to of the latest transaction of the transaction receiving account, the latest transaction is linked with the latest transaction of the transaction initiating account through the hash values; similarly, the latest transaction is associated with the latest transaction of the transaction receiving account.
In the step (5), the latest transaction of the account is traced back to the latest transaction of the latest transaction initiating account and the latest transaction of the receiving account through pre-from and pre-to contained in the latest transaction respectively.
The step (1) and the step (2) are consistency guarantee methods of the digital assets in the transaction construction and inspection process. After the verification of the transaction is completed, the transaction that passed the verification is placed in the block.
The calculation method for calculating the hash value merkle root of the root node of the updated account state tree in the step (3) comprises the following steps: and combining all child nodes of the target node, and then performing hash calculation on a combined result to obtain a hash value merkleroot.
The MPTC account status tree of step (3) comprising: an account status tree and an account transaction chain;
the account status tree, comprising: the root node is connected with a plurality of branch nodes, and each branch node is connected with a leaf node or an expansion node; each expansion node is also connected with the leaf node through a branch node; each branch node of the account status tree records each blockchain account and its current latest transaction hash value.
The account transaction chain comprising: the transaction record for each blockchain account, i.e., in the blockchain, maintains a transaction chain for each account in the account status tree. The account transaction chain is a transaction chain which links transaction records related to the same account according to the time sequence.
The account transaction chain is a transaction record for the account, recording each update of the account status tree. And linking the updating of the account transaction in the account state tree into a transaction chain of the account according to the time sequence. Each time a block is synchronized, the account status tree and the account transaction chain are updated accordingly.
The root node combines all child nodes of the root node, and then performs hash calculation on a combined result to obtain a hash value, wherein the hash value is called a merkle root.
The branch node consists of a key value coded by a hexadecimal prefix and a merkle root calculated by taking the current branch node as a root node;
the expansion node is used for storing Tx-hash before splitting of the leaf node and hash pointing to the next branch node;
and the leaf node is used for storing the pointer Tx-hash of the latest transaction of the account, and the pointer Tx-hash of the latest transaction of the account is used for positioning the block chain address of the latest transaction of the account.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. based on the account model, the incidence relation between accounts and the related transaction data of the accounts are linked, so that the management of data assets is facilitated;
2. and a link method of an account model transaction chain is adopted, and a legality basis is provided for efficient retrieval of transaction records in the aspect of a block chain account.
3. The introduction of pre-from and pre-to of a transaction into the transaction creation process can link the transaction records for the relevant blockchain accounts for that transaction and can obtain two complete transaction chains for the relevant accounts under the most recent transaction.
4. The addition of the transaction pre-from and pre-to ensures the strong consistency of the account digital asset state in the transaction establishing process, and simultaneously, the comparison and verification are carried out on the legality of the transaction.
5. The method for ensuring the consistency of the digital asset account state provides a check standard for transaction failure caused by network faults and the like, and greatly improves the transaction efficiency.
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The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a tree of account states and a chain of account transactions;
FIG. 2 digital asset consistency and transaction chain maintenance flow.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
FIG. 1 is a tree of account states and a chain of account transactions. The combination of the account state Tree and the account transaction chain is called mptc (media Patricia Tree chain), and the nodes of the account state Tree include four types, namely a root node, a branch node, an expansion node and a leaf node. The root node stores a hash value calculated by the child node, and the hash value is called merkle root; the branch node consists of a key value coded by a hexadecimal prefix and a merkle root calculated by taking the node as a root node; the expansion node stores Tx-hash before the splitting of the leaf node and hash pointing to the next branch node; the leaf node stores a pointer Tx-hash of the most recent transaction of the account, with which the blockchain address of the most recent transaction of the account can be quickly located.
Taking Tx-hash as Tx1 for example, Tx1 transaction is stored in block 2345, Tx1 contains pre-from and pre-to of the transaction, resolves pre-from to get the transaction initiating account and the latest status, links forward along the blockchain according to the account code, locates Tx3 in block 2343, continues to link forward through the method, locates Tx5, and so on, and gets the tradechain of initiating account of transaction Tx 1. The same method is used to parse pre-to for the Tx1 transaction, obtain the transaction receive account and the latest status, link forward along the blockchain according to the account code, locate Tx2 in block 2344, continue linking down through the method, locate Tx4, and so on, obtaining the transaction chain for the receive account for transaction Tx 1. To this end, the initiating account and receiving account of transaction Tx1 build two chains of account transactions through pre-from and pre-to, respectively.
Fig. 2 is a digital asset consistency and transaction chain maintenance flow, and judges whether a transaction meets the condition of digital asset consistency, first, a node sends pre-from and pre-to information of a transaction to be verified, and other nodes verify whether the state of a blockchain account is consistent with the account state information described by pre-from and pre-to in the transaction, specifically, the method includes:
acquiring the latest state of a blockchain account initiating the transaction by analyzing the pre-from content of the transaction, and comparing whether the state of the account initiating the transaction is consistent with the latest state of the blockchain account maintained by the node in the transaction;
similarly, the latest state of the blockchain account for receiving the transaction is obtained by analyzing the pre-to content of the transaction, and whether the state of the receiving account in the transaction is consistent with the latest state of the blockchain account maintained by the node is compared. Then judging whether the checking result information is correct or not,
if the transaction information is incorrect, the transaction information is wrong, a transaction error result is returned, the transaction does not conform to the digital asset state consistency principle, the transaction is not verified, and the wrong transaction is discarded.
If the verification result is correct, the pre-from and pre-to information of the transaction judges that the verification result is correct, the digital asset state consistency principle is met, the transaction can be judged to be correct by combining other verification results, and the correct transaction can enter the block.
When a block is newly constructed, the MPTC account state tree is updated, when a new transaction occurs on an account, the latest transaction pointer Tx-hash of the account needs to be updated on the MPTC, a merkle root is calculated, and the merkle root is stored in the block header.
Then, an account latest transaction pointer Tx-hash is obtained, and the Tx-hash is analyzed to obtain pre-from and pre-to information of the transaction.
The pointers pre-from and pre-to are included in the new transaction occurring on the account, pre-from being the blockchain account from which the transaction originated, pre-to being the blockchain account received for the transaction, pre-from and pre-to including the latest status of the respective blockchain accounts.
The historical transactions prior to the initiating account and receiving account for the current transaction are located forward along the blockchain according to pre-from and pre-to. And the positioning is sequentially carried out according to the method, and two complete transaction chains of an initiating (from) account and a transaction receiving (to) account related to the transaction are finally acquired.
As shown in fig. 2, the digital asset consistency and transaction chain maintenance flow:
1. the node sends the information of transaction pre-from and pre-to be verified;
2. other nodes check the state of the blockchain account and the state information of pre-from and pre-to accounts in the transaction;
3. judging whether the check state information results are consistent or not;
4. the transaction verification result is returned incorrectly, the transaction is not verified to pass, and the error transaction is discarded;
5. the transaction check result is returned correctly, the check result of the transaction correct is returned by combining the pre-from check result and the pre-to check result of the transaction and other check conditions of the transaction, and the transaction correct can be put into a block;
6. constructing a new MPTC, updating an account latest transaction pointer Tx-hash, calculating a merkle root and storing the merkle root in a block header;
7. acquiring a latest transaction pointer Tx-hash of an account, and analyzing the Tx-hash to acquire pre-from and pre-to information of the transaction;
8. and respectively acquiring previous transactions of the two accounts related to the latest transaction according to the forward positioning check of the pre-from information and the pre-to information along the block chain. And so on. Two complete transaction chains are obtained for the current transaction of the two accounts.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The maintenance method of the digital asset transaction consistency based on the block chain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1): firstly, a new transaction is created by a transaction initiating node;
step (2): other nodes in the network receive the transaction information and carry out validity check on the transaction information; placing the legitimate transaction in a new block;
and (3): broadcasting the new block into the network, synchronizing the new block by nodes in the network, and firstly updating the MPTC account state tree by the nodes when synchronizing the new block;
and (4): updating the MPTC account state tree in the step (3), wherein the account in which the new transaction occurs associates the new transaction with the latest transaction of the account;
and (5): linking the transaction records related to the same account according to the time sequence, so that a new block is added into the block chain, and updating of the account state tree and the account transaction chain is completed at the same time;
in the step (1), the information of the transaction includes pre-from and pre-to, where pre-from is a hash value of a latest transaction of the transaction initiating account, and pre-to is a hash value of a latest transaction of the transaction receiving account;
acquiring the latest state of a blockchain account initiating the transaction by analyzing the pre-from content of the transaction, and comparing whether the state of the account initiating the transaction is consistent with the latest state of the blockchain account maintained by the node in the transaction;
similarly, the latest state of the blockchain account for receiving the transaction is obtained by analyzing the pre-to content of the transaction, and whether the state of the receiving account in the transaction is consistent with the latest state of the blockchain account maintained by the node is compared; then judging whether the checking result information is correct or not,
if the transaction information is incorrect, the transaction information is wrong, a transaction error result is returned, the transaction does not conform to the digital asset state consistency principle, the transaction is not verified, and the wrong transaction is discarded;
if the verification result is correct, the pre-from and pre-to information of the transaction judges that the verification result is correct, the digital asset state consistency principle is met, the transaction can be judged to be correct by combining other verification results, and the correct transaction can enter a block;
the MPTC account state tree is the combination of an account state tree and an account transaction chain, and the nodes of the account state tree comprise four types of root nodes, branch nodes, expansion nodes and leaf nodes; the root node stores a hash value calculated by the child node, and the hash value is called merkle root; the branch node consists of a key value coded by a hexadecimal prefix and a merkle root calculated by taking the node as a root node; the expansion node stores Tx-hash before the splitting of the leaf node and hash pointing to the next branch node; the leaf node stores a pointer Tx-hash of the most recent transaction of the account, with which the blockchain address of the most recent transaction of the account can be quickly located.
2. The method for maintaining transaction consistency of digital assets based on blockchain as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steps (1) to (5) link transactions related to the same blockchain account, and finally acquire a historical complete transaction chain of an initiating account and a receiving account of the transaction.
3. The method for maintaining transaction consistency of digital assets based on blockchain according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), when a new transaction occurs on the account, the latest transaction Tx-hash of the account is updated on the MPTC account status tree, and the hash value merkle root of the root node of the updated account status tree is calculated; and storing a hash value merkle root in the block header, the hash value merkle root being used to verify whether the transaction is recorded in the block.
4. The method for maintaining transaction consistency of digital assets based on blockchain as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (4), since the latest transaction of the account includes the hash value pre-from of the latest transaction of the transaction initiating account and the hash value pre-to of the latest transaction of the transaction receiving account, the latest transaction is linked with the latest transaction of the transaction initiating account by the hash value; similarly, the latest transaction is associated with the latest transaction of the transaction receiving account.
5. The method for maintaining transaction consistency of digital assets based on blockchain as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (5), the latest transaction of the account is traced back to the latest transaction of the latest transaction initiating account and receiving account through pre-from and pre-to contained in the latest transaction, respectively.
6. The blockchain-based maintenance method of transaction consistency of digital assets according to claim 3,
the calculation method for calculating the hash value merkle root of the root node of the updated account state tree in the step (3) comprises the following steps: and combining all child nodes of the target node, and then carrying out hash calculation on a combined result to obtain a hash value merkle root.
7. The method of maintaining block chain-based digital asset transaction consistency of claim 1,
the MPTC account status tree of step (3) comprising: an account status tree and an account transaction chain;
the account status tree, comprising: the root node is connected with a plurality of branch nodes, and each branch node is connected with a leaf node or an expansion node; each expansion node is also connected with the leaf node through a branch node; each branch node of the account state tree records each blockchain account and the current latest transaction hash value thereof;
the root node combines all child nodes of the root node, and then hash calculation is carried out on a combination result to obtain a hash value, wherein the hash value is called a merkle root;
the branch node consists of a key value coded by a hexadecimal prefix and a merkle root calculated by taking the current branch node as a root node;
the expansion node is used for storing Tx-hash before splitting of the leaf node and hash pointing to the next branch node;
and the leaf node is used for storing the pointer Tx-hash of the latest transaction of the account, and the pointer Tx-hash of the latest transaction of the account is used for positioning the block chain address of the latest transaction of the account.
8. The blockchain-based maintenance method of transaction consistency of digital assets of claim 7 wherein,
the account transaction chain comprising: transaction records for each blockchain account, i.e., in the blockchain, a transaction chain is maintained for each account in the account status tree; the account transaction chain is a transaction chain which links the transaction records related to the same account according to the time sequence;
the account transaction chain is a transaction record of the account and records each update of the account state tree; linking the updating of the account transaction in the account state tree into a transaction chain of the account according to the time sequence; each time a block is synchronized, the account status tree and the account transaction chain are updated accordingly.
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