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CN108238036A - 混合动力车辆 - Google Patents

混合动力车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108238036A
CN108238036A CN201711213208.1A CN201711213208A CN108238036A CN 108238036 A CN108238036 A CN 108238036A CN 201711213208 A CN201711213208 A CN 201711213208A CN 108238036 A CN108238036 A CN 108238036A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
mentioned
internal combustion
combustion engine
engine
state
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201711213208.1A
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English (en)
Other versions
CN108238036B (zh
Inventor
曾布川靖
千速健太
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suzuki Motor Corp
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Suzuki Motor Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Suzuki Motor Corp filed Critical Suzuki Motor Corp
Publication of CN108238036A publication Critical patent/CN108238036A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108238036B publication Critical patent/CN108238036B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/02—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving vehicles; peculiar to engines driving variable pitch propellers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2045—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for optimising the use of energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/50—Control strategies for responding to system failures, e.g. for fault diagnosis, failsafe operation or limp mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/006—Starting of engines by means of electric motors using a plurality of electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F02N11/0844—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop with means for restarting the engine directly after an engine stop request, e.g. caused by change of driver mind
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0862—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery
    • F02N11/0866—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery comprising several power sources, e.g. battery and capacitor or two batteries
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
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    • B60W2510/0638—Engine speed
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    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/02—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the engine
    • F02N2200/022—Engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
    • F02N2300/20—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control method
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Abstract

提供即使在发生了环状构件的切断的情况下也能防止车辆违背驾驶员的意愿而停止的混合动力车辆。在混合动力车辆中，ECU停止发动机的运转且实施由ISG的动力行驶的EV行驶，在EV行驶时，当发动机的旋转速度下降到阈值N1以下时，实施启动机的驱动和燃料喷射启动发动机。阈值N1的旋转速度高于停止状态的旋转速度。

Description

混合动力车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力车辆。
背景技术
在现有的混合动力车辆中，已知专利文献1中记载的车辆。专利文献1中记载的混合动力车辆具备异常判断装置，上述异常判断装置在尽管电动发电机控制装置发出了使电动发电机启动的信号但是由发动机转速检测装置检测出的发动机的转速是规定值以下且未由电动机异常检测装置检测出电动发电机的异常的情况下，判断为动力传递单元异常。另外，专利文献1中记载的混合动力车辆具备启动机启动装置，上述启动机启动装置在由异常判断装置判断为动力传递单元异常的情况下，为了使发动机再启动而将启动机启动。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：特开2004-124914号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
但是，专利文献1中记载的车辆在混合动力车辆使用电动发电机的动力行驶时发生了动力传递单元的异常的情况下，无法判断出该异常。因此，专利文献1中记载的车辆在发生了动力传递单元的异常的情况下，车辆有可能违背驾驶员的意愿而停止。
本发明是着眼于上述那样的问题而完成的，其目的在于提供即使在发生了环状构件的切断的情况下也能防止车辆违背驾驶员的意愿而停止的混合动力车辆。
用于解决问题的方案
本发明的混合动力车辆具备：内燃机；电动机，其由电力驱动；启动机，其启动上述内燃机；以及旋转速度检测部，其检测上述内燃机的旋转速度，上述电动机与上述内燃机通过具有环状构件的柔性传动机构连结并能够相互传递动力，当上述电动机旋转时，上述内燃机被上述电动机带动旋转，上述混合动力车辆的特征在于，具备控制上述内燃机、上述电动机和上述启动机的控制部，上述控制部停止上述内燃机的运转且实施由上述电动机的动力行驶的EV行驶，在上述EV行驶时，当上述内燃机的旋转速度下降到第1阈值以下时，实施上述启动机的驱动和燃料喷射启动上述内燃机，上述第1阈值的旋转速度高于停止状态的旋转速度。
发明效果
这样，根据上述的本发明，即使在发生了环状构件的切断的情况下，也能防止车辆违背驾驶员的意愿而停止。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一实施例的混合动力车辆的构成图。
图2-1是表示本发明的一实施例的混合动力车辆的切换部的、从ISG向铅电池提供电力并从锂电池向锂电池负载提供电力的第1状态的图。
图2-2是表示本发明的一实施例的混合动力车辆的切换部的、从锂电池向ISG提供电力并从铅电池向锂电池负载提供电力的第2状态的图。
图3是说明本发明的一实施例的混合动力车辆的ECU的动作的流程图。
附图标记说明
10 混合动力车辆
20 发动机(内燃机)
21 曲轴带轮(柔性传动机构)
27 曲柄角传感器(旋转速度检测部)
40 ISG(电动机)
42 带(环状构件、柔性传动机构)
41 带轮(柔性传动机构)
50 ECU(控制部)
60 切换部
71 铅电池(第1电源)
72 锂电池(第2电源)
具体实施方式
本发明的一实施方式的混合动力车辆具备：内燃机；电动机，其由电力驱动；启动机，其启动内燃机；以及旋转速度检测部，其检测内燃机的旋转速度，电动机与内燃机通过具有环状构件的柔性传动机构连结并能够相互传递动力，当电动机旋转时，内燃机被电动机带动旋转，上述混合动力车辆的特征在于，具备控制内燃机、电动机和启动机的控制部，控制部停止内燃机的运转且实施由电动机的动力行驶的EV行驶，在EV行驶时，当内燃机的旋转速度下降到第1阈值以下时，实施启动机的驱动和燃料喷射启动内燃机，第1阈值的旋转速度高于停止状态的旋转速度。由此，本发明的一实施方式的混合动力车辆即使在发生了环状构件的切断的情况下，也能防止车辆违背驾驶员的意愿而停止。
实施例
以下，使用附图说明本发明的一实施例的混合动力车辆。图1至图3是说明本发明的一实施例的混合动力车辆的图。
如图1所示，混合动力车辆10包括：发动机20、变速器30、车轮12以及综合地控制混合动力车辆10的ECU(Electronic Control Unit：电子控制单元)50。本实施例的发动机20构成本发明的内燃机。本实施例的ECU50构成本发明的控制部。
在发动机20中形成有多个气缸。在本实施例中，发动机20构成为对各气缸进行包括进气冲程、压缩冲程、膨胀冲程和排气冲程的一连串的4个冲程。在发动机20设有向未图示的燃烧室导入空气的进气管22。
在进气管22设有节流阀23，节流阀23调整经过进气管22的空气的量(进气量)。节流阀23包括通过未图示的电动机打开关闭的电控节流阀。节流阀23电连接到ECU50，由ECU50控制其节流阀开度。
在发动机20中按每一气缸设有：喷射器24，其通过未图示的进气口向燃烧室喷射燃料；以及火花塞25，其对燃烧室的混合气体进行点火。喷射器24和火花塞25电连接到ECU50。喷射器24的燃料喷射量和燃料喷射正时、火花塞25的点火正时和放电量由ECU50控制。
在发动机20设有曲柄角传感器27，该曲柄角传感器27基于曲轴20A的旋转位置检测发动机转速，将检测信号发送到ECU50。曲柄角传感器27构成本发明的旋转速度检测部。
变速器30将从发动机20传递的旋转进行变速，通过驱动轴11驱动车轮12。变速器30具备未图示的液力变矩器、变速机构以及差动机构。
液力变矩器将从发动机20传递的旋转通过工作流体的作用转换为转矩从而进行转矩的增幅。在液力变矩器设有未图示的锁止离合器。当锁止离合器释放时，在发动机20与变速机构之间动力通过工作流体相互传递。当锁止离合器接合时，在发动机20与变速机构之间动力通过锁止离合器直接传递。
变速机构包括CVT(Continuously Variable Transmission：无级变速器)，通过缠绕有金属带的1组带轮无级地自动进行变速。变速器30的变速比的变更和锁止离合器的接合或释放由ECU50来控制。
此外，变速机构也可以是使用行星齿轮机构阶段性地进行变速的自动变速器(所谓的步进AT)。差动机构与左右的驱动轴11连结，将由变速机构变速后的动力传递到左右的驱动轴11而使其能差动旋转。
另外，变速器30也可以是AMT(Automated Manual Transmission：手自一体变速器)。AMT是对包括平行轴齿轮机构的手动变速器追加致动器而自动地进行变速的自动变速器。在变速器30是AMT的情况下，在变速器30设有干式单片离合器来取代液力变矩器。
另外，变速器30也可以是DCT(Dual Clutch Transmission：双离合器变速器)。DCT是有级自动变速器的一种，具有2个系统的齿轮，其各自具有离合器。
混合动力车辆10具备加速器开度传感器13A，该加速器开度传感器13A检测加速踏板13的操作量(以下简称为“加速器开度”)，将检测信号发送到ECU50。
混合动力车辆10具备制动行程传感器14A，该制动行程传感器14A检测制动踏板14的操作量(以下简称为“制动行程”)，将检测信号发送到ECU50。
混合动力车辆10具备车速传感器12A，该车速传感器12A检测基于车轮12的旋转速度的车速，将检测信号发送到ECU50。此外，在ECU50或其它控制器中，当运算各车轮12相对于车速的滑移率时，使用车速传感器12A的检测信号。
混合动力车辆10具备启动机26。启动机26具备未图示的电动机和固定于该电动机的旋转轴的小齿轮。另一方面，在发动机20的曲轴20A的一端部固定有圆盘状的驱动板，在该驱动板的外周部设有环形齿轮。启动机26根据ECU50的指令来驱动电动机，使小齿轮与环形齿轮啮合而使环形齿轮旋转，从而将发动机20启动。这样，启动机26通过包括小齿轮和环形齿轮的齿轮机构将发动机20启动。
混合动力车辆10具备ISG(Integrated Starter Generator：集成启动发电机)40。ISG40是集成了启动发动机20的启动装置和产生电力的发电机的旋转电机。ISG40具有利用来自外部的动力进行发电的发电机的功能和通过被提供电力而产生动力的电动机的功能。ISG40构成本发明的电动机。
ISG40通过包括带轮41、曲轴带轮21以及带42的柔性传动机构与发动机20连结，与发动机20之间相互进行动力传递。更具体地，ISG40具备旋转轴40A，在该旋转轴40A固定有带轮41。在发动机20的曲轴20A的另一端部固定有曲轴带轮21。作为环状构件的带42围绕曲轴带轮21和带轮41缠绕。此外，作为柔性传动机构，也可以使用链轮和链条，该情况下的环状构件是链条。
ISG40通过作为电动机进行驱动，从而使曲轴20A旋转而将发动机20启动。在此，在本实施例的混合动力车辆10中，具备ISG40和启动机26作为发动机20的启动装置。启动机26主要用于基于司机的启动操作的发动机20的冷启动，ISG40主要用于从怠速停止进行的发动机20的再启动。
虽然ISG40也能进行发动机20的冷启动，但是混合动力车辆10为了进行发动机20的可靠的冷启动而具备启动机26。例如，有可能会有在寒冷地区的冬季等由于润滑油的粘度增加而通过ISG40的动力难以进行发动机20的冷启动的情况或者ISG40发生故障的情况。考虑到这种情况，混合动力车辆10具备ISG40和启动机26这两者作为启动装置。
ISG40的动力运转所产生的动力通过发动机20的曲轴20A、变速器30、驱动轴11传递到车轮1。
另外，车轮12的旋转通过驱动轴11、变速器30、发动机20的曲轴20A传递到ISG40，用于ISG40的再生(发电)。
因而，混合动力车辆10不仅能实现仅利用发动机20的动力(发动机转矩)的行驶(以下也称为发动机行驶)，还能实现利用ISG40的动力(电动机转矩)来辅助发动机20的行驶。
而且，混合动力车辆10能在将向发动机20的燃料喷射设为不喷射而使发动机20的运转停止的状态下仅利用ISG40的动力进行行驶(以下也称为EV行驶)。此外，在EV行驶中，发动机20被ISG40带动旋转。
这样，混合动力车辆10构成能使用发动机20的动力和ISG40的动力中的至少一种动力行驶的并行混合动力系统。
混合动力车辆10具备作为第1电源的铅电池71和作为第2电源的锂电池72。铅电池71和锂电池72包括能充电的二次电池。铅电池71和锂电池72以产生约12V的输出电压的方式设定单体电池的个数等。
铅电池71包括在电极中使用了铅的铅蓄电池。锂电池72包括通过使锂离子在正极与负极之间往返而进行放电和充电的锂离子二次电池。
铅电池71与锂电池72相比具有短时间内能释放更大电流的特性。
锂电池72与铅电池71相比具有能够进行更多次数的反复充放电的特性。另外，锂电池72与铅电池71相比具有能以短时间充电的特性。另外，锂电池72与铅电池71相比具有高输出且高能量密度的特性。
在铅电池71设有充电状态检测部71A，该充电状态检测部71A检测铅电池71的端子间电压、周边温度或输入输出电流，将检测信号输出到ECU50。ECU50通过铅电池71的端子间电压、周边温度或输入输出电流来检测充电状态。
在锂电池72设有充电状态检测部72A，该充电状态检测部72A检测锂电池72的端子间电压、周边温度或输入输出电流，将检测信号输出到ECU50。ECU50通过锂电池72的端子间电压、周边温度或输入输出电流来检测充电状态。铅电池71和锂电池72的充电状态(SOC)由ECU50管理。
混合动力车辆10具备铅电池负载16和锂电池负载17作为电负载。
铅电池负载16是主要从铅电池71被提供电力的电负载。铅电池负载16包括防止车辆的侧滑的稳定性控制装置、对转向轮的操作力进行电辅助的未图示的电动助力转向控制装置、前照灯以及吹气风扇等。另外，铅电池负载16例如包括未图示的刮水器和对未图示的散热器输送冷风的电动冷却风扇。铅电池负载16与锂电池负载17相比是较多地消耗电力的电负载或被一时使用的电负载。
锂电池负载17是主要从锂电池72被提供电力的电负载。锂电池负载17还包括未图示的仪表板的灯类和仪表类以及汽车导航系统。锂电池负载17是与铅电池负载16相比耗电量较少的电负载。
混合动力车辆10具备切换部60，切换部60切换铅电池71、锂电池72、铅电池负载16、锂电池负载17以及ISG40之间的电力供给状态。切换部60包括机械继电器或半导体继电器(也称为SSR：Solid State Relay；固态继电器)等，由ECU50控制。
切换部60连接着电缆61、62、63、64。电缆61将切换部60、铅电池71、铅电池负载16以及启动机26并联连接。电缆62将切换部60与锂电池连接。电缆63将切换部60与锂电池负载17连接。电缆64将切换部60与ISG40连接。
因而，铅电池负载16和启动机26被常从铅电池71提供电力。另一方面，在本实施例中，以从锂电池72或铅电池71中的一方向锂电池负载17选择性地提供电力的方式切换电力供给状态。另外，以从锂电池72或铅电池71中的一方向ISG40选择性地提供电力的方式切换电力供给状态。
在图2-1和图2-2中，切换部60具有开关SW1、SW2、SW3、SW4。此外，开关SW1、SW2、SW3、SW4在闭合状态时形成连接状态，在断开状态时形成切断状态。
开关SW1将电缆61与电缆64连接或切断。因而，开关SW1将铅电池71与ISG40连接或切断。
开关SW2将电缆61与电缆63连接或切断。因而，开关SW2将铅电池71与锂电池负载17连接或切断。
开关SW3将电缆62与电缆64连接或切断。因而，开关SW3将锂电池72与ISG40连接或切断。
开关SW4将电缆62与电缆63连接或切断。因而，开关SW4将锂电池72与锂电池负载17连接或切断。
切换部60形成图2-1所示的第1状态，在该第1状态下，开关SW1、SW4闭合，开关SW2、SW3断开。当切换部60为第1状态时，从ISG40向铅电池71提供电力，从锂电池72向锂电池负载17提供电力。
另外，切换部60形成图2-2所示的第2状态，在该第2状态下，开关SW1、SW4断开，开关SW2、SW3闭合。当切换部60为第2状态时，从锂电池72向ISG40提供电力，从铅电池71向锂电池负载17提供电力。
ECU50包括具备CPU(Central Processing Unit：中央处理单元)、RAM(RandomAccess Memory：随机存取存储器)、ROM(Read Only Memory：只读存储器)、保存备份用数据等的闪存、输入端口以及输出端口的计算机单元。
在该计算机单元的ROM中保存有各种常数或各种映射等，并且保存有用于使该计算机单元作为ECU50发挥功能的程序。即，CPU以RAM为工作区域执行ROM所保存的程序，由此，这些计算机单元作为本实施例的ECU50发挥功能。
ECU50的输入端口连接着包括上述的曲柄角传感器27、加速器开度传感器13A、制动行程传感器14A、车速传感器12A、充电状态检测部71A、72A在内的各种传感器类。在此，在本实施例中，发动机20与ISG40通过带42连结并能相互传递动力。ECU50通过曲柄角传感器27间接地检测ISG40的转速。
ECU50的输出端口连接着包括节流阀23、喷射器24、火花塞25、切换部60、ISG40和启动机26等各种装置类在内的各种控制对象类。ECU50基于从各种传感器类得到的信息来控制各种控制对象类。
当规定的EV条件成立时，ECU50进行利用ISG40驱动混合动力车辆10的EV行驶。EV条件例如包括铅电池71和锂电池72的SOC大于规定值、加速器开度为“0”等。
在EV行驶时，ECU50将切换部60设为图2-2所示的第2状态。在EV行驶时，ISG40使用锂电池72的电力进行驱动。
在此，在EV行驶中带42断掉的情况下，ISG40的旋转无法传递到发动机20，因此混合动力车辆10会违背驾驶员的意愿而停车。
因此，在本实施例中，ECU50在EV行驶时监视发动机转速，并根据发动机转速与阈值N1、N2的比较结果来实施后述的动作，从而防止违背驾驶员的意愿的停车。
在此，阈值N1的旋转速度高于停止状态的旋转速度。停止状态的旋转速度是指0rpm。阈值N1与本发明的第1阈值对应。在本实施例中将阈值N1设为200rpm。
阈值N2设定为大于第1阈值N1。第2阈值的旋转速度为能够通过燃料喷射启动发动机20的旋转速度的下限值以上。阈值N2与本发明的第2阈值对应。在本实施例中将阈值N2设为600rpm。
在EV行驶时当发动机转速下降到阈值N2(600rpm)以下时，ECU50使切换部60从第2状态向第1状态转移。
ECU50在切换部60从第2状态转移到第1状态且发动机20的旋转速度增加的情况下，通过燃料喷射将发动机20启动，实施利用发动机20的动力行驶的发动机行驶。
在EV行驶时当发动机转速下降到N1(200rpm)以下时，ECU50实施启动机26的驱动和燃料喷射而将发动机20启动。
参照图3所示的流程图说明如上所示构成的混合动力车辆10的ECU50的防止停车动作。
在图3中，ECU50在步骤S1中判断在EV行驶中发动机转速是否下降到阈值N2以下。ECU50反复进行步骤S1直至判断为发动机转速下降到阈值N2以下。
在步骤S1中发动机转速下降到阈值N2以下的情况下，ECU50在步骤S2中将向ISG40提供电力的电池从锂电池72切换为铅电池71。另外，ECU50在步骤S2中实施向发动机20的燃料喷射。
在步骤S2中通过从铅电池71向ISG40提供电力而发动机转速上升了的情况下，ECU50判断为带42未断掉，而原因是锂电池72的SOC的输出降低等。
在步骤S2中通过实施燃料喷射而发动机转速上升了的情况下，ECU50实施发动机行驶。
在步骤S3中，ECU50判断发动机转速是否下降到阈值N1以下并经过了0.5秒。在发动机转速没有下降到阈值N1以下的情况下或者从下降到阈值N1以下起没有经过0.5秒的情况下，ECU50返回步骤S1。
在步骤S3中发动机转速下降到阈值N1以下并经过了0.5秒的情况下，ECU50在步骤S4中驱动启动机26而将发动机20启动。之后，ECU50实施发动机行驶。
如上所示，在本实施例的混合动力车辆10中，ECU50使发动机20的运转停止而实施利用ISG40的动力行驶的EV行驶，在EV行驶时，当发动机20的旋转速度下降到阈值N1以下时，实施启动机26的驱动和燃料喷射而将发动机20启动。阈值N1的旋转速度高于停止状态的旋转速度。
由此，在EV行驶时发动机20的旋转速度下降到阈值N1以下的情况下，能通过启动机26的驱动和燃料喷射的实施而将发动机20启动。
因此，能避免发动机20下降到作为停止状态的旋转速度的0rpm而发生发动机失速，能使用发动机20的驱动转矩继续行驶。
其结果是，即使在发生了环状构件的切断的情况下，也能防止车辆违背驾驶员的意愿而停止。
另外，在本实施例的混合动力车辆10中，当进行切换部60是第2状态的状态下的EV行驶时，ECU50在发动机20的旋转速度下降到大于阈值N1的阈值N2以下时，使切换部60从第2状态向第1状态转移。
由此，在通过使切换部60向第1状态转移而发动机20的旋转速度没有上升的情况下，能确认其原因是带42的切断。另外，在通过使切换部60向第1状态转移而发动机20的旋转速度上升了的情况下，能确认其原因是锂电池72的SOC降低。
其结果是，能确认发动机20的旋转速度的下降是否是由带42的切断造成的。
另外，在本实施例的混合动力车辆10中，ECU50在切换部60从第2状态转移到第1状态且发动机20的旋转速度增加的情况下，通过燃料喷射将发动机20启动，实施利用发动机20的动力行驶的发动机行驶。
由此，在切换部60从第2状态转移到第1状态且发动机20的旋转速度增加的情况下，由于带42并未被切断，因此能通过实施发动机行驶而由ISG40产生电力。因此，能防止作为电源的铅电池和锂电池72的过放电。
另外，在本实施例的混合动力车辆10中，铅电池71与锂电池72相比具有短时间内能释放更大电流的特性，锂电池72与铅电池71相比具有能够进行更多次数的反复充放电的特性。
由此，铅电池71与锂电池72的特性相互不同，因此能根据情况形成合适的电力供给状态。
另外，在本实施例的混合动力车辆10中，阈值N2的旋转速度为能够通过燃料喷射启动发动机20的旋转速度的下限值以上。
由此，在EV行驶时发动机20的旋转速度下降到阈值N2以下的情况下，能通过燃料喷射将发动机20启动。因此，能不需要司机为了将已停止旋转的发动机20再启动而通过点火钥匙等进行启动操作。
虽然公开了本发明的实施例，但是显然本领域技术人员能不脱离本发明的范围地加以变更。意愿将所有的这种修改和等同物包含于权利要求书中。

Claims (5)

1.一种混合动力车辆，具备：内燃机；电动机，其由电力驱动；启动机，其启动上述内燃机；以及旋转速度检测部，其检测上述内燃机的旋转速度，
上述电动机与上述内燃机通过具有环状构件的柔性传动机构连结并能够相互传递动力，当上述电动机旋转时，上述内燃机被上述电动机带动旋转，上述混合动力车辆的特征在于，
具备控制上述内燃机、上述电动机和上述启动机的控制部，
上述控制部停止上述内燃机的运转且实施由上述电动机的动力行驶的EV行驶，
在上述EV行驶时，当上述内燃机的旋转速度下降到第1阈值以下时，实施上述启动机的驱动和燃料喷射启动上述内燃机，
上述第1阈值的旋转速度高于停止状态的旋转速度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆，其特征在于，具备：
第1电源和第2电源；以及
切换部，其切换上述第1电源和上述电动机之间的电力供给状态，以及上述第2电源和上述电动机之间的电力供给状态，
上述切换部形成：
从上述第1电源向上述电动机提供电力的第1状态；以及
从上述第2电源向上述电动机提供电力的第2状态，
上述控制部在上述切换部为上述第2状态的状态下的上述EV行驶时，当上述内燃机的旋转速度下降到大于上述第1阈值的第2阈值以下时，使上述切换部从上述第2状态转移到上述第1状态。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆，其特征在于，
上述控制部在上述切换部从上述第2状态转移到上述第1状态且上述内燃机的旋转速度增加的情况下，
通过燃料喷射启动上述内燃机，实施由上述内燃机的动力行驶的发动机行驶。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力车辆，其特征在于，
上述第1电源与上述第2电源相比具有短时间内能释放更大电流的特性，
上述第2电源与上述第1电源相比具有能够进行更多次数的反复充放电的特性。
5.根据权利要求2至权利要求4中的任一项所述的混合动力车辆，其特征在于，
上述第2阈值的旋转速度为能够通过燃料喷射启动上述内燃机的旋转速度的下限值以上。
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