CN108092887A - A kind of DSR improves the implementation method of Routing Protocol - Google Patents
A kind of DSR improves the implementation method of Routing Protocol Download PDFInfo
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- CN108092887A CN108092887A CN201711222809.9A CN201711222809A CN108092887A CN 108092887 A CN108092887 A CN 108092887A CN 201711222809 A CN201711222809 A CN 201711222809A CN 108092887 A CN108092887 A CN 108092887A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/14—Routing performance; Theoretical aspects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of DSR improve Routing Protocol implementation method, including：It perceives whether current link fails when current data frame sends failure, does not fail if perceiving link, corresponding indication information is generated on link layer and sends network layer to；If network layer receives the indication information, link failure number zero will be perceived, otherwise by the accumulation of its value plus 1；If perceive link failure number at this time perceives tolerance number no more than default link failure, it is continuing with current link and sends data frame, otherwise start route maintenance mechanism.The implementation method that DSR provided by the invention improves Routing Protocol enhances the information exchange between link layer and network layer and shares, the true cause of bottom link failure can effectively be screened, enable the true link state of network layer effectively perceive bottom, so as to reduce the number of network layer erroneous judgement link failure, negative influence of the route maintenance to network performance is reduced, so as to improve the performance indicator of network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of DSR (Dynamic Source Routing, dynamic source routing associations based on cross layer design
View) improve Routing Protocol implementation method.
Background technology
Traditional network protocol layer needs are transparent each other, to keep the independence of each layer protocol design, simplify network association
View exploitation and the difficulty realized, and meet the Information hiding principle of Software for Design, thus be widely applied.However,
In wireless network, due to the uncertain factor of wireless environment, cause the time-varying characteristics such as radio channel capacity and bit error rate, be layered
Design method can not just ensure the best resource utilization rate of network and the QoS demand of customer service.Although existing various new technologies
(such as coding techniques, modulation-demodulation technique, error-control technique and Anti-Jamming Technique) can effectively improve network performance, but
It is that physical layer can not still ensure to provide fixed bandwidth to upper layer, thus upper layer must be subject to physical layer not
The influence of believed characteristic.
And DSR agreements belong to on-demand routing protocol, and source node is contained in the header of each message to the whole of destination node
Routing iinformation, and route-caching technology is used, for storing source-routed information, it is slow that routing is then changed when new routes are discovered
Deposit content.DSR is mainly made of two basic processes：Route discovery and route maintenance.
■ route discoveries
If source node has data sending demand, it first checks for whether having covered destination node in route-caching, have
The routing of effect can use；Otherwise, one is broadcasted comprising source node and destination node address and unique identifier to adjacent node
Route requests message (Route Request Message) initiates route finding process.
■ route maintenances
DSR agreements carry out route maintenance using routing error message and confirmation message.Network node is provided according to header
Routing iinformation carries out message transmission or forwarding, if node can not continue message to be sent to next-hop, and by repeatedly retransmitting
Attempt it is invalid after, DSR agreements think the node occur link transmission mistake, and generate a routing error notice message
The routing of (RouteError Packet) source node to be notified to use at present has been failed.Routing error notice message indicates
The link of error, including the node address information for the next-hop that generates the node address of routing error message and cannot reach.With
Afterwards, which sends routing error notice message.The upstream node of routing error notice message is received (including source
Node and the intermediate node forwarded on the way), mistake routing is deleted from route-caching.Meanwhile source node can be inquired about certainly at once
Oneself route-caching, and find one and substitute routing use.If can not find replacement routing, route finding process is remotivated.
In DSR agreements, if node is attempted still can not successfully continue message to be sent to next-hop by repeatedly retransmitting,
Think that link transmission mistake, i.e. link failure or link breakdown (Link Loss) occur for the node.Original DSR agreements pair
Link failure is very sensitive, so as to which error handling mechanism (xmitFlowFailed ()) occurs for excitation data streaming, and judges
The routing has been failed, and then starts route maintenance procedure.
As shown in Figure 1, in the wireless network, message transmission failure, queue packet loss are really caused, so as to cause route break
The main reason for have following three kinds：(1) occur wrong (interference causes) when network layer message transfers；(2) MAC layer in link layer
Conflict cause message dropping, and by limited number of time re-transmission attempt it is still failed；(3) due to caused by node motion or death
Link really failure or fracture.Moreover, in the wireless network, the conflict of MAC layer is that message is caused to send unsuccessful, queue to lose
The main reason for wrapping, and then being determined link breakdown and route break.But current DSR agreements are not to causing routing to lose
The true cause of effect is judged and is screened.
The process bag that exemplified by existing 802.11MAC agreements, data frame transmits in MAC layer is used by wireless multi-hop network
It includes：Upstream node and the downstream node of its next-hop mutually send RTS/CTS frames and realize link reservation, and subsequent upstream node is sent
DATA frames, and corresponding ACK confirmation messages are received from downstream node, so that upstream node confirms that data are successfully received.
In original 802.11MAC agreements, when data frame transmits failure, two kinds of type of error instructions are defined：
" XMIT_REASON_RTS " and " XMIT_REASON_ACK ".
" XMIT_REASON_RTS " does not receive the re-transmission RTS functions called after CTS frames before the timeout used in upstream node
In (RetransmitRTS ()), it is used to indicate and retransmits RTS transmission claim frames by (MAC_ShortRetryLimit) several times
Still fail, so as to cause data frame transmission failure；" XMIT_REASON_ACK " is for channel idle and has DATA frames to send out not successfully
In the re-transmission DATA functions (RetransmitDATA ()) called when sending.When retransmitting (MAC_ several times
LongRetryLimit when) certain DATA frame is still failed, DATA functions (RetransmitDATA ()) " XMIT_ is retransmitted
REASON_ACK " instructions send data frame causes data frame transmission failure due to not receiving ACK.
And in former DSR agreements, error handle function occurs for called after data frame transmission failure, data stream
Xmitfailed () function of processing MAC layer data-message transmission failure does not account for previous frame in (xmitFlowFailed ())
Data transmission success (i.e. transmission link is intact), for no other reason than that current data frame bust this, it is determined that link failure is (in nothing
In line Mesh network etc. (standard) static network, network topology change is very small, and Routing Protocol is similar to static routing protocol, link
The probability being broken due to network node is mobile or withers away is very small), the true cause of link failure is not differentiated between, directly generates routing
Error message, so as to start route maintenance mechanism.Excessive activation route maintenance mechanism wastes the resource of whole network；And
And former DSR agreements are extremely sensitive to data transmission fails caused by MAC layer conflict, if MAC layer conflict is larger, by limited number of time
Re-transmission attempt still it cannot be guaranteed that data frame transmit successfully, will result in erroneous judgement link failure.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the implementation methods that a kind of DSR improves Routing Protocol, enhance link layer and network layer
Between information exchange and shared, the true cause for causing route break is removed, so as to reduce network layer erroneous judgement link failure
Number reduces negative influence of the route maintenance to network performance, improves the performance indicator of network.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides the implementation method that a kind of DSR improves Routing Protocol, this method is used for
The network layer and link layer of wireless multi-hop network enable the status information for the link that network layer perceived on link layer, including：Step
S1：It perceives whether current link fails when current data frame sends failure, does not fail if perceiving current link,
The indication information for indicating that link does not fail is generated in link layer, and sends network layer to；Step S2：If network layer receives step
Indication information described in S1 then by the perception link failure number zero, otherwise will perceive the accumulation of link failure number plus 1；
If perceive link failure number at this time perceives tolerance number no more than preset link failure, current chain is continuing with
Road carries out data sending, and returns to step S1 when sending failure, until all data frames are sent completely；Otherwise it is wrong to generate routing
Wrong report text, and start route maintenance mechanism.
If current data frame sends failure, but last data frame is successfully transmitted, then perceives current link and do not fail.
Whether the data frame is successfully transmitted receives ACK to judge by sending node.
The step S2 transmits failure handling function to realize by the data message in network layer.
When data frame transmits failure, also generation instruction data frame transmits the type of error instruction of failure simultaneously on link layer
Network layer is sent to, network layer indicates to spread to activate data by receiving the type of error of instruction data frame transmission failure
It send and error handle function occurs, the data stream occurs error handle function and activates the data message transmission failure handling
Function.
The link failure perceives tolerance number and is arranged to as positive integer.
When the link failure perception tolerance number is arranged to 0, the improvement Routing Protocol is static routing protocol.
The implementation method that the DSR improves Routing Protocol is based on 802.11 protocol realizations.
The implementation method that DSR provided by the invention improves Routing Protocol breaks existing protocol stack hierarchical design theory, makes
Network layer can perceive the link state of link layer as far as possible, and at link " failure ", cross-layer perceives whether link really fails,
It enhances the information exchange between link layer and network layer and shares, enable the true link shape of network layer effectively perceive bottom
State so as to reduce the number of network layer erroneous judgement link failure, reduces negative influence of the route maintenance to network performance, so as to improve
The average throughput of whole network, reduces routing cost, that is, the performance indicator of network is improved, especially suitable for wireless
Mesh network etc. (standard) static network.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the work flow diagram of DSR protocol sections；
Fig. 2 is that the DSR of the present invention improves the algorithm partial process view of Routing Protocol.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of DSR improve Routing Protocol implementation method, this method be suitable for network topology change compared with
Small (standard) static network, and for the network layer and link layer of wireless multi-hop network, and provide perception link layer for network layer
On link status information.The present invention is by taking the typical case scene of wireless Mesh netword as an example.In wireless Mesh netword, greatly
(Mesh Access Point, MAP, the AP being equivalent in WLAN, MAP have routing and support local connect most Mesh routers
Enter function) all it is static, the MAP of only only a few is mobile, and mobility is very small, and network topology time variation is very
It is small, wireless Mesh netword can be regarded as a kind of (standard) static network of speciality.In wireless Mesh netword, real link breakdown
Possibility it is very small；In addition, MAP is usually using battery as power, without considering energy constraint.Therefore, routing is caused to lose
The main reason for effect is the conflict of MAC layer.Except wireless Mesh netword, this method apply also for wireless sensor network etc. other
(standard) static network.
The implementation that DSR provided by the invention improves Routing Protocol specifically comprises the following steps that (wherein the embodiment uses nothing
Line Mesh network and traditional 802.11 agreements)：
Step S1：Data frame is sent by sending node, perceives whether link layer really fails when data frame sends failure,
If perceive link layer do not fail (especially screen as stated in the Background Art, as caused by conflicting MAC layer data transmission fails into
Caused by judge link failure by accident), then corresponding link state indication information is generated on link layer, and sends network layer to.
By taking existing 802.11MAC agreements as an example, the process that data frame transmits in MAC layer includes：It is saved positioned at existing source
Downstream node of the point to the upstream node (i.e. sending node) in the routing of destination node to its next-hop sends RTS frames with pre-
The about use of the downstream node, and other nodes for receiving this message is required to stop accessing, after downstream node receives RTS frames
With CTS frame responses, and the CTS frames are received by the upstream node.Upstream node sends data frame to downstream node after receiving CTS frames
(i.e. DATA frames), downstream node sends ACK frames after receiving DATA frames and is received by upstream node, so that upstream node confirms data
Reception.
Except defined two kinds of type of errors instruction " XMIT_REASON_RTS ", " XMIT_REASON_ in the agreement
Outside ACK ", to confirm that data frame transmits successfully, the DSR that the present invention designs improves the implementation method of Routing Protocol also in MAC layer
Link-state information is gathered, is receiving defined in ACK functions (recvACK ()) a kind of new link state indication information
" XMIT_REASON_LINKOK ", the indication information are generated when perceiving current link and not failing, are used to indicate link layer
Whether fail.If current a certain frame data send failure, (upstream node receives ACK functions and does not receive corresponding ACK confirmations
Information), and its former frame data sending success (receive ACK functions and be successfully received corresponding ACK confirmation messages), then it perceives
Current ink does not fail really, the link state instruction " XMIT_REASON_LINKOK " that generation instruction link does not fail, and will
This information is sent to network layer.Meanwhile in the processing MAC layer data-message transmission failure of improved DSR agreements (network layer)
In Xmitfailed () function, the indication information is read, confirms that link is still available, that is, uses " XMIT_REASON_
LINKOK " message indicates that bottom link is intact.The reason for data frame transmission failure is not that " real link breakdown " is made
Into so as to avoid erroneous judgement link failure, so routing error message will not be generated.
The DSR that the present invention designs as a result, improves Routing Protocol, and at link " failure ", cross-layer perceives whether link really loses
Effect enhances the information exchange between link layer and network layer and shares, enables the true link of network layer effectively perceive bottom
State suitable for wireless Mesh netword etc. (standard) static network, so as to reduce the number of network layer erroneous judgement link failure, reduces road
By safeguarding the negative influence to network performance, so as to improve the average throughput of whole network, routing cost is reduced, that is, is changed
It has been apt to the performance indicator of network.
Step S2：Enhance the tolerance that judgement is perceived to link failure described in step S1.Due to MAC layer conflict etc.,
Even if in the case where link is intact, node is retransmitted by limited number of time using current ink and attempts still to cannot ensure successfully to transmit number
According to frame, so as to cause erroneous judgement link failure.Therefore, DSR improved protocols of the invention also define link failure and perceive tolerance time
Number --- Ntolerance, i.e., " XMIT_REASON_ACK " indication information activation data stream occur error handle function
(xmitFlowFailed ()), and then activate the number of data message transmission failure handling function (xmitFailed ()).
It, will sense if network layer receives the link state indication information " XMIT_REASON_LINKOK " described in step S1
Know that link failure number is zeroed, the aggregate-value for perceiving link failure number is otherwise added 1；If perceive link failure number not at this time
Tolerance number is perceived more than preset link failure, then is continuing with current link and carries out data sending, and sending
Step S1 is returned to during failure, until all data frames are sent completely；Otherwise route maintenance mechanism is started.
By taking existing 802.11MAC agreements as an example, as shown in Fig. 2, network layer data frame transmit failure when, error indication
Error handle function (xmitFlowFailed occurs for the data stream that " XMIT_REASON_ACK " activation is located in network layer
()), further have activated data message transmission failure handling function (xmitFailed ()).If data message transmission is unsuccessfully located
Manage " XMIT_REASON_LINKOK " information that function (xmitFailed ()) obtains link layer feedback, then it is assumed that bottom link
It is still intact, link failure times N will be perceivedlinklossValue zero.
If data message transmission failure handling function (xmitFailed ()) does not obtain " XMIT_REASON_LINKOK " letter
Breath will then perceive link failure times NlinklossAggregate-value add 1.If link failure times N is perceived at this timelinkloss≤
Ntolerance, it is intact still to think link, returns to step S1, is continuing with original routing and carries out data transmission, will not excite
Route maintenance mechanism avoids route maintenance from bringing the negative influence of network；If Nlinkloss＞ Ntolerance, that is, perceive link failure
Number is more than that the link failure perceives tolerance number, and upstream node will generate routing error message, and start route maintenance machine
System.NtoleranceIt can be preset positive integer.Alternatively, NtoleranceIt is arranged to 0, the Routing Protocol is static routing at this time
Agreement.
Former DSR agreements cannot perceive the true link-state information of bottom, it is impossible to screen the real original of bottom link failure
Cause, data transmission fails caused by particularly conflicting to MAC layer are extremely sensitive, in the wireless Mesh netword of quasi-static routing
In, excessive activation route maintenance mechanism wastes the resource of whole network.For this purpose, the DSR improved protocols that the present invention designs,
Reinforcing mat network layers are interacted with the status information of bottom, the link state indication information that network layer is enable newly to be defined by the present invention
" XMIT_REASON_LINKOK ", the time of day of effectively perceive bottom link, it is believed that bottom link is still effective, continues to make
Carried out data transmission with original routing, route maintenance mechanism will not be excited, reduced the number of erroneous judgement link failure, reduce
The negative influence that route maintenance comes to Netowrk tape, so as to improve the average throughput of whole network, reduces routing cost, changes
It has been apt to the performance indicator of network.
It is above-described, it is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limited to the scope of the present invention, of the invention is upper
Stating embodiment can also make a variety of changes.What i.e. every claims and description according to the present patent application were made
Simply, equivalent changes and modifications falls within the claims of patent of the present invention.The not detailed description of the present invention is
Routine techniques content.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of DSR improves the implementation method of Routing Protocol, which is characterized in that this method is suitable for the network of wireless multi-hop network
Layer and link layer enable the status information for the link that network layer perceived on link layer, including：
Step S1：Perceive whether current link fails when current data frame sends failure, if perceiving current link
It does not fail, then the indication information for indicating that link does not fail is generated in link layer, and sends network layer to；
Step S2：It is no by the perception link failure number zero if network layer receives the indication information described in step S1
The accumulation of link failure number plus 1 will then be perceived；If perceiving link failure number at this time is not more than preset link failure sense
Know tolerance number, be then continuing with current link and carry out data sending, and step S1 is returned to when sending failure, until all
Data frame is sent completely；Otherwise routing error message is generated, and starts route maintenance mechanism.
2. DSR according to claim 1 improves the implementation method of Routing Protocol, which is characterized in that if current data frame
Failure is sent, but last data frame is successfully transmitted, then perceives current link and do not fail.
3. DSR according to claim 2 improves the implementation method of Routing Protocol, which is characterized in that whether the data frame
It is successfully transmitted and ACK is received by sending node to judge.
4. DSR according to claim 1 improves the implementation method of Routing Protocol, which is characterized in that the step S2 passes through
Data message in network layer transmits failure handling function to realize.
5. DSR according to claim 4 improves the implementation method of Routing Protocol, which is characterized in that transmits and loses in data frame
When losing, the type of error indicating concurrent of also generation instruction data frame transmission failure gives network layer on link layer, and network layer is led to
It crosses and receives the type of error instruction of instruction data frame transmission failure to activate data stream generation error handle function, institute
It states data stream and the error handle function activation data message transmission failure handling function occurs.
6. DSR according to claim 1 improves the implementation method of Routing Protocol, which is characterized in that the link failure sense
Know that tolerance number is arranged to positive integer.
7. DSR according to claim 1 improves the implementation method of Routing Protocol, which is characterized in that the link failure sense
When knowing that tolerance number is arranged to 0, the improvement Routing Protocol is static routing protocol.
8. DSR according to claim 1 improves the implementation method of Routing Protocol, which is characterized in that the DSR improves routing
The implementation method of agreement is based on 802.11 protocol realizations.
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| CN109362059A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-19 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of car networking routing improved method |
| CN110708723A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-17 | 华为终端有限公司 | Data transmission method and device |
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Application publication date: 20180529 |