CN107990828B - Quick measuring device for dimensions and shape and position tolerances of drive axle housing parts - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for quickly measuring the size and shape tolerance of drive axle housing parts, comprising: a base, a lifting device, two supports III, a horizontal alignment device, a measuring device I and two measuring devices II. During the measurement, the lifting device rises, and at this time, prevent the drive axle housing under test from the lifting device, and then the lifting device descends, and put the shaft shoulders on both sides of the drive axle housing in the V-shaped groove on the same side, at this time, the drive axle The rotation of the shell up, down, left, right and vertical direction is restricted. Afterwards, the horizontal alignment device drives the middle disk surface of the drive axle housing to be parallel to the horizontal plane, so as to realize all constraints of the six degrees of freedom of the drive axle housing. The horizontal turning device drives the measuring device I to rotate for one revolution, so that the measuring device I completes the measurement of the dimensional tolerance and shape tolerance of the disc surface of the drive axle housing. The longitudinal rotation device drives the measurement device II to measure the dimensional tolerance and shape tolerance of the shaft shoulder. High measurement accuracy. The intensity of manual measurement is reduced, and work efficiency is improved.

Description

Quick measuring device for dimensions and shape and position tolerances of drive axle housing parts

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical measurement, in particular to a device for quickly measuring the dimensions and shape and position tolerances of drive axle housing parts.

Background technique

At present, many enterprises still use traditional measurement methods for the measurement of axle housing parts, such as dial indicators, micrometers and other measuring instruments. These measuring instruments can meet the measurement requirements of shaft parts with low precision. However, with the advancement of science and technology, the machining accuracy of workpieces has been continuously improved. Today's measuring devices and testing methods have been difficult to meet the needs of enterprises, and better measuring devices and testing methods are needed.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above technologies, the present invention provides a fast measuring device for the size and shape tolerance of drive axle housing parts with low detection labor intensity, high measurement accuracy and high measurement efficiency.

The technical scheme that the present invention overcomes its technical problem adopts is:

A device for quickly measuring the dimensions and shape tolerances of drive axle housing parts, comprising:

The base is horizontally provided with slide rails along the length direction;

The lifting device is installed on the base, which is used to push the drive axle housing to move up and down;

The lower ends of the two brackets III are slidably installed on the slide rails through the slider I respectively. The upper ends of the brackets III are provided with V-shaped grooves. When the lifting device rises to the uppermost end, the shaft shoulders at both ends of the drive axle housing are respectively located on the same side. Directly above the V-shaped groove, when the lifting device descends to the lowest end, the shaft shoulders at both ends of the drive axle housing are placed in the V-shaped groove, and the central axis of the drive axle housing is parallel to the horizontal plane;

The horizontal alignment device is installed on the base. When the shaft shoulders at both ends of the drive axle housing are placed in the V-shaped groove, the horizontal alignment device makes the middle disk of the drive axle housing parallel to the horizontal plane;

The measuring device I is installed on the base through a horizontal turning device, and the horizontal turning device drives the measuring device I to select a circle along the horizontal direction to measure the dimensional tolerance and shape and position tolerance of the middle disk surface of the drive axle housing and

The two measuring devices II are arranged on the base through the longitudinal turning device, and the longitudinal turning device drives the measuring device II to rotate once to measure the dimensional tolerance and shape and position tolerance of the shaft shoulder of the drive axle housing on the same side.

The above-mentioned lifting device includes two brackets II installed on the base, hydraulic cylinder II installed vertically in the bracket II, a support plate installed horizontally at the head end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder II, and a number of hydraulic cylinders vertically slid and inserted into the bracket II. Guide rod II, the head end of the guide rod II is connected with the supporting plate.

The above-mentioned horizontal alignment device includes bracket I vertically installed on the base, hydraulic cylinder I vertically installed in bracket I, horizontal support plate installed horizontally at the head end of the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder I, and vertically screwed together by nut II respectively. Pins fixed at both ends of the transverse support plate, the top ends of the two pins are at the same level, and a guide rod I is vertically slid and inserted in the bracket I, and the head end of the guide rod I is connected with the transverse support plate.

The above-mentioned horizontal rotary device includes a rotary platform installed on the base, a main shaft vertically screwed into the rotary platform through a bearing, a driven shaft vertically screwed into the rotary platform through a bearing, and horizontally arranged and fixed on the upper end of the driven shaft. The turntable and the servo motor II installed on the rotary platform and connected to the main shaft drive, the gear I is installed on the main shaft, the gear II meshed with the gear I is installed on the driven shaft, the number of teeth of the gear II The number of teeth is greater than that of gear I.

The above-mentioned longitudinal rotation device includes a bracket IV, a rotating shaft installed on the bracket IV for horizontal rotation, a servo motor I installed on the bracket IV and connected to the shaft transmission, a swivel frame installed at the head end of the shaft, and two horizontally arranged at both ends of the swivel frame. The support rod is fixed with the slewing frame by screws, the screw and the support rod are on the same axis, the head end of the support rod is provided with a slideway along the front and rear direction, the sliding seat is slidably installed in the slideway, and the two measuring devices II They are respectively installed on the corresponding sliding seats on the same side, and the shaft shoulder of the drive axle housing is located between the two measuring devices II.

In order to prevent the drive axle housing from falling, grooves are provided on the top of the supporting plate.

The above-mentioned measuring device I is an industrial camera II installed on a turntable.

In order to save space, the above-mentioned driven shaft is a hollow shaft, the diameter of its inner hole is larger than the outer diameter of the horizontal alignment device, and the horizontal alignment device is inserted into the inner hole of the driven shaft.

The lower end of the bracket IV is slidably installed on the slide rail through the slider II, and a lead screw is installed on the base to rotate along the length direction, and a nut I is installed on the bracket IV, and the screw is screwed into the nut I.

The above two measuring devices II are two laser sensors or two industrial cameras I or one is a laser sensor and the other is an industrial camera I.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: when measuring, the lifting device rises, and at this time, the measured drive axle housing is prevented from being placed on the lifting device, and then the lifting device is lowered, and the shaft shoulders on both sides of the drive axle housing are placed on the same side of the V-shape. In the slot, the up, down, left, right and vertical rotation of the drive axle housing is restricted at this time, realizing the limitation of five degrees of freedom. Afterwards, the horizontal alignment device drives the middle disk surface of the drive axle housing to be parallel to the horizontal plane, so as to realize all constraints of the six degrees of freedom of the drive axle housing. The horizontal turning device drives the measuring device I to rotate for one revolution, so that the measuring device I completes the measurement of the dimensional tolerance and shape tolerance of the disc surface of the drive axle housing. The longitudinal slewing device drives the measuring device II to rotate around the shaft shoulder of the drive axle housing for one revolution to measure the dimensional tolerance and shape tolerance of the shaft shoulder. High measurement accuracy. The intensity of manual measurement is reduced, and work efficiency is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the front view section structure of the shoulder detection frame of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the shoulder detection frame of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the horizontal alignment device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the support base of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of lifting device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the rotary pedestal part of the present invention;

In the figure, 1. Base 2. Rotary pedestal 3. Bracket Ⅰ 4. Bracket Ⅱ 5. Bracket Ⅲ 6. Slide rail 7. Slide block Ⅰ 8. Drive axle housing 9. Bracket Ⅳ 10. Slide block Ⅱ 11. Nut Ⅰ 12 .Lead screw 13. Shaft 14. Servo motor Ⅰ 15. Rotary frame 16. Support rod 17. Slideway 18. Sliding seat 19. Laser sensor 20. Industrial camera Ⅰ 21. Hydraulic cylinder Ⅰ 22. Guide rod Ⅰ 23. Cross support plate 24. Pin 25. Nut Ⅱ 26. V-groove 27. Hydraulic cylinder Ⅱ 28. Guide rod Ⅱ 29. Support plate 30. Groove 31. Servo motor Ⅱ 32. Main shaft 33. Gear Ⅰ 34. Driven shaft 35. Gear Ⅱ 36. Turntable 37. Industrial camera Ⅱ 38. Screws.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawings 1 to 7.

As shown in accompanying drawings 1 and 5, a device for quickly measuring the size and shape and position tolerance of drive axle housing parts includes: a base 1, which is horizontally provided with slide rails 6 along the length direction; a lifting device, installed on the base 1 It is used to push the drive axle housing 8 to move up and down; the lower ends of the two brackets III 5 are slidably installed on the slide rail 6 through the slider I 7 respectively, and the upper end of the bracket III 5 is provided with a V-shaped groove 26, when the lifting device rises When reaching the uppermost end, the shaft shoulders at both ends of the drive axle housing 8 are located directly above the V-shaped grooves 26 on the same side. And the central axis of the drive axle housing 8 is parallel to the horizontal plane; the horizontal alignment device is installed on the base 1, and when the shoulders at both ends of the drive axle housing 8 are placed in the V-shaped groove 26, the horizontal alignment device makes the drive axle housing The middle disk surface of 8 is parallel to the horizontal plane; the measuring device I is installed on the base 1 through the horizontal rotation device, and the horizontal rotation device drives the measurement device I to select a circle along the horizontal direction to measure the dimensional tolerance and shape tolerance of the middle disk surface of the drive axle housing 8 And two measuring devices II are arranged on the base 1 through the longitudinal rotation device, and the longitudinal rotation device drives the measurement device II to rotate once to measure the dimensional tolerance and shape tolerance of the axle shoulder of the drive axle housing 8 on the same side. During measurement, the lifting device rises, and at this moment, the measured drive axle housing 8 is prevented from being placed on the lifting device, and then the lifting device descends, and the shaft shoulders on both sides of the driving axle housing 8 are placed in the V-shaped groove 26 on the same side, and then The up, down, left, and right rotations of the drive axle housing 8 and the vertical rotation are all limited, realizing the limitation of five degrees of freedom. Afterwards, the horizontal alignment device drives the middle disk surface of the drive axle housing 8 to be parallel to the horizontal plane, so as to realize all constraints of the 6 degrees of freedom of the drive axle housing 8 . The horizontal turning device drives the measuring device I to rotate one revolution, so that the measuring device I completes the measurement of the dimensional tolerance and shape tolerance of the disc surface of the drive axle housing 8 . The longitudinal turning device drives the measuring device II to rotate around the shaft shoulder of the driving axle housing 8 to realize the measurement of the dimensional tolerance and shape tolerance of the shaft shoulder. High measurement accuracy. The intensity of manual measurement is reduced, and work efficiency is improved.

As shown in accompanying drawing 6, the lifting device can have the following structure, which includes two brackets II 4 installed on the base 1, a hydraulic cylinder II 27 vertically installed in the bracket II 4, and a piston horizontally installed in the hydraulic cylinder II 27 The supporting plate 29 at the rod head end and several guide rods II 28 vertically slidably inserted in the bracket II 4 , the head ends of the guide rod II 28 are connected to the supporting plate 29 . At the beginning, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder II 27 protrudes outwards, thereby driving the supporting plate 29 to move upward under the guidance of the guide rod II 28, thereby conveniently preventing the parts under test. Then the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder II 27 is retracted inwardly so that it drives the transaxle housing 8 into the V-shaped groove 26 . Preferably, a groove 30 is provided at the top of the supporting plate 29 . The shaft shoulder of the drive axle housing 8 can be placed in the groove 30 to prevent the drive axle housing 8 from falling during the lifting process and improve the reliability of use.

As shown in Figure 4, the horizontal alignment device can have the following structure, which includes a bracket I3 vertically installed on the base 1, a hydraulic cylinder I21 vertically installed in the bracket I3, and a hydraulic cylinder I21 horizontally installed The cross support plate 23 at the head end of the piston rod and the pins 24 fixed to the two ends of the cross support plate 23 are respectively vertically screwed through the nut II 25. The top ends of the two pins 24 are at the same level, and the bracket I 3 is vertically slid and inserted with The guide rod I 22, the head end of the guide rod I 22 is connected with the transverse support plate 23. When alignment is required, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder I 21 stretches out, thereby driving the cross support plate 23 to move upward under the guidance of the guide rod I 22, until the head ends of the two equal-height pins 24 drive the axle housing evenly. The middle discs are in contact, so that the drive axle housing is in a level alignment state. The height of the pin 24 can be adjusted by loosening the nut II 25, so that it is convenient to align the parts in different environments.

As shown in Figure 7, the horizontal turning device can have the following structure, which includes a turntable 2 mounted on the base 1, a main shaft 32 that is vertically screwed into the turntable 2 through a bearing, and is vertically screwed into the turntable through a bearing. The driven shaft 34 in the pedestal 2, the turntable 36 arranged horizontally and fixed on the upper end of the driven shaft 34, and the servo motor II 31 installed on the rotary pedestal 2 and connected to the main shaft 32 in transmission, the main shaft 32 is equipped with a gear I 33, A gear II 35 meshing with the gear I 33 is installed on the driven shaft 34 , and the number of teeth of the gear II 35 is greater than that of the gear I 33 . The servo motor II 31 drives the main shaft 32 to rotate, and drives the driven shaft 34 to rotate through the meshing gear I 33 and gear II 35. Since the number of teeth of the gear II 35 is greater than that of the gear I 33, the purpose of deceleration is achieved, and the driven shaft 34 rotates Drive the turntable 36 to rotate to make the measuring device I rotate to measure the dimensional tolerance and shape tolerance of the middle disk surface of the drive axle housing. Preferably, the above measuring device I is an industrial camera II 37 installed on the turntable 36 .

As shown in accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3, the longitudinal rotation device includes bracket IV 9, the rotating shaft 13 installed on the bracket IV 9 for horizontal rotation, the servo motor I 14 installed on the bracket IV 9 and connected to the rotating shaft 13 by transmission, the installation The rotary frame 15 at the head end of the rotating shaft 13 and the two poles 16 horizontally arranged at the two ends of the rotary frame 15, the poles 16 are fixed with the rotary frame 15 by screws 38, the screws 38 are coaxial with the poles 16, and the heads of the poles 16 A slideway 17 is provided along the front and rear direction, and the slide seat 18 is slidably installed in the slideway 17. The two measuring devices II are respectively installed on the corresponding slide seat 18 on the same side, and the shaft shoulder of the drive axle housing 8 is located on the between Ⅱ. Servo motor Ⅰ 14 rotates to drive shaft 13 to rotate, and shaft 13 rotates to drive slewing frame 15 to rotate, so that two struts 16 rotate around the shoulder of drive axle housing 8, so that measuring device II measures the size of the shaft shoulder of drive axle housing 8 Tolerances and Geometric Tolerances. After the screw 38 is loosened, the support rod 16 can be rotated, so that the screw support rod 16 can be adjusted horizontally by ±30°, and the sliding seat 18 can slide back and forth in the slideway 17, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the distance between the measuring device II and the measured object. distance between. Preferably, the above two measuring devices II are two laser sensors 19 or two industrial cameras I 20 or one is a laser sensor 19 and the other is an industrial camera I 20 .

Further, the driven shaft 34 is a hollow shaft, the diameter of its inner hole is larger than the outer diameter of the horizontal alignment device, and the horizontal alignment device is inserted into the inner hole of the driven shaft 34 . Because the horizontal alignment device is inserted into the inner hole of the driven shaft 34, the installation volume is effectively saved, making the device for measuring the size and shape and position tolerance of the driving axle housing parts more compact.

Preferably, the lower end of the bracket IV 9 is slidably installed on the slide rail 6 through the slider II 10, a screw 12 is installed on the base 1 to rotate along the length direction, and a nut I 11 is installed on the bracket IV 9, and the screw 12 is screwed to the nut Ⅰ 11 in. By rotating the lead screw 12, the slider II 10 can be driven to slide laterally along the slide rail 6, so that the two measuring devices II on each side can be adapted to drive axle housings 8 of different length specifications, which improves the scope of application.

Claims (8)

1. A fast measuring device for the size and shape tolerance of drive axle housing parts, characterized in that it includes: The base (1) is horizontally provided with slide rails (6) along the length direction; The lifting device is installed on the base (1), and it is used to push the drive axle housing (8) to move up and down; The lower ends of the two brackets III (5) are respectively slidably installed on the slide rail (6) through the slider I (7). The upper ends of the brackets III (5) are provided with V-shaped grooves (26). At the uppermost end, the shaft shoulders at both ends of the drive axle housing (8) are located directly above the V-shaped grooves (26) on the same side, and when the lifting device descends to the lowest end, the shaft shoulders at both ends of the drive axle housing (8) are placed at the V-shaped grooves (26) on the same side. In the shaped groove (26), and the central axis of the drive axle housing (8) is parallel to the horizontal plane; The horizontal alignment device is installed on the base (1). When the shaft shoulders at both ends of the drive axle housing (8) are placed in the V-shaped groove (26), the horizontal alignment device will make the middle disk surface of the drive axle housing (8) and parallel to the horizontal plane; The measuring device I is installed on the base (1) through a horizontal turning device, and the horizontal turning device drives the measuring device I to select a circle along the horizontal direction to measure the dimensional tolerance and shape and position tolerance of the middle disk surface of the drive axle housing (8) and Two measuring devices II are arranged on the base (1) through the longitudinal rotation device, and the longitudinal rotation device drives the measurement device II to rotate once to measure the dimensional tolerance and shape tolerance of the shaft shoulder of the drive axle housing (8) on the same side; The horizontal alignment device includes a bracket I (3) vertically installed on the base (1), a hydraulic cylinder I (21) vertically installed in the bracket I (3), a hydraulic cylinder I (21) installed horizontally The cross support plate (23) at the head end of the piston rod and the pins (24) fixed to the two ends of the cross support plate (23) are respectively vertically screwed through the nut II (25), and the top ends of the two pins (24) are at the same level. A guide rod I (22) is vertically slid and inserted in the bracket I (3), and the head end of the guide rod I (22) is connected to the transverse support plate (23); The two measuring devices II are two laser sensors (19) or two industrial cameras I (20), or one is a laser sensor (19) and the other is an industrial camera I (20). 2. The device for quickly measuring the size and shape tolerance of drive axle housing parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting device includes two brackets II (4) installed on the base (1), vertical The hydraulic cylinder II (27) installed in the bracket II (4), the support plate (29) installed horizontally at the head end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder II (27), and several guides vertically slid and inserted in the bracket II (4) Rod II (28), the head end of the guide rod II (28) is connected to the supporting plate (29). 3. The device for quickly measuring the dimensions and shape and position tolerances of drive axle housing parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal rotating device includes a rotating pedestal (2) installed on the base (1). The main shaft (32) that is directly screwed into the rotary platform (2), the driven shaft (34) that is vertically screwed into the rotary platform (2) through the bearing, and the shaft that is horizontally arranged and fixed on the upper end of the driven shaft (34) The turntable (36) and the servomotor II (31) installed on the rotary pedestal (2) and connected to the main shaft (32) in transmission, the gear I (33) is installed on the main shaft (32), and the driven shaft ( 34) is equipped with a gear II (35) meshed with the gear I (33), and the number of teeth of the gear II (35) is greater than that of the gear I (33). 4. The device for quickly measuring the dimensions and shape and position tolerances of drive axle housing parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the longitudinal rotation device includes a bracket IV (9), and a horizontal rotation device installed on the bracket IV (9) The rotating shaft (13), the servo motor I (14) installed on the support IV (9) and connected to the rotating shaft (13), the rotary frame (15) installed on the head end of the rotating shaft (13), and the rotary frame (15) horizontally arranged ) two poles (16) at both ends, the poles (16) are fixed with the slewing frame (15) by screws (38), the screws (38) are coaxial with the poles (16), and the poles ( The head end of 16) is provided with a slideway (17) along the front and rear direction, and the slide seat (18) is slidably installed in the slideway (17), and the two measuring devices II are respectively installed on the corresponding slide seat (18) on the same side, The axle shoulder of the transaxle housing (8) is located between the two measuring devices II. 5. The device for quickly measuring dimensions and shape and position tolerances of drive axle housing parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: a groove (30) is provided on the top of the supporting plate (29). 6. The device for quickly measuring dimensions and shape tolerances of drive axle housing parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: said measuring device I is an industrial camera II (37) installed on a turntable (36). 7. The device for quickly measuring the size and shape tolerance of drive axle housing parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: the driven shaft (34) is a hollow shaft, and the diameter of its inner hole is larger than the outer diameter of the horizontal alignment device. diameter, the horizontal alignment device is inserted into the inner hole of the driven shaft (34). 8. The device for quickly measuring the size and shape tolerance of drive axle housing parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: the lower end of the bracket IV (9) is slidably installed on the slide rail (6) through the slider II (10) On the base (1), a lead screw (12) is installed to rotate along the length direction, and a nut I (11) is installed on the bracket IV (9), and the lead screw (12) is screwed to the nut I ( 11).

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