CN107980673A - A kind of alternate culture method of cray and mandarin fish - Google Patents
A kind of alternate culture method of cray and mandarin fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN107980673A CN107980673A CN201711311463.XA CN201711311463A CN107980673A CN 107980673 A CN107980673 A CN 107980673A CN 201711311463 A CN201711311463 A CN 201711311463A CN 107980673 A CN107980673 A CN 107980673A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of alternate culture method of cray and mandarin fish, comprise the following steps：Fishpond prepares, the transplanting of water plant, fingerling stocking, the transplanting of spiral shell, pond culture management, the aquaculture management of mandarin fish, pond fishing.The ecological habit that the present invention lives in caves according to cray high temperature, megathermal period implements low-density master and supports mandarin fish, the multi items mistake season alternate culture in same water body, both solved pond aging, siltation, disease take place frequently, matter and energy in pond ecosystem is set to form benign cycle, time and the space that unit of water body utilizes are improved again, and final realize is increased production and improved productivity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, specifically, is related to a kind of alternate culture method of cray and mandarin fish.
Background technology
Cray meat flavour is delicious, full of nutrition, is rare Freshwater shrimps.Mandarin fish fine and tender taste, few, dressed fish is pierced between flesh
Height, is dining table name meat and fish dishes.With transformation of people's Diet concept from mass type to auxotype, cray, mandarin fish are increasingly disappeared
The favor of the person of expense.Small dragon culturing time is short, and monoculture production is relatively low, causes water resource using waste.
Many defects exist in the prior art：It is that aquaculture model is confined to Pond culture lobster and Pond culture mandarin fish first
Fish, and largely feed feed and medicine to pursue high yield high benefit in the breeding process, cause shrimp, mandarin fish poor quality, high throwing
Enter, excessive risk, the water body wasting of resources etc..
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of new aquatic products cray and mandarin fish aquaculture model.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of alternate culture method of cray and mandarin fish, the present invention is according to cray high temperature
The ecological habit lived in caves, megathermal period implement low-density master and support mandarin fish, and the season alternate culture of multi items mistake, both solves pond in same water body
Pool aging, siltation, disease take place frequently, and matter and energy in pond ecosystem is formed benign cycle, and improve unit water
The time and space that body utilizes, final realize are increased production and improved productivity.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of alternate culture method of cray and mandarin fish, including it is following
Step：
Step 1, fishpond prepare：Fishpond water is drained into deep 10~15cm by mid-February, then per 667m2With quick lime 125kg
Clean up the pond；Rake pond bottom is turned over wooden rake one time within second day；In the hope of thoroughly cleaning up the pond, wild fishes and germ are killed；Noted after 3~4d
Water, makes pond water as deep as 60~70cm；
Step 2, the transplanting of water plant：The surrounding shallow water area that late Febuary starts in pond plants waterweed, and method for planting will
Waterweed cuts stem segmentation cuttage, 1.5 spacing in the rows 0.6m of line-spacing；In the grass of inserting Huang silk in the ranks, hydrilla verticillata；
Step 3, fingerling stocking：Start to launch flower silver carp, crucian kind in batches at the beginning of 3 months, 10% " poly- iodine " immersion of fingerling
Enter pond after 10min, late March starts to launch cray seedling, launches in three batches, and the specification that every batch of is launched is identical, and weight presses gross weight
30%, 40%, the 30% of amount is launched successively；Wheat dace spray is launched at the beginning of 6 months, late June launches the mandarin fish seed of 4--6cm；
The transplanting of step 4, spiral shell：The reproductive capacity of spiral shell is very strong, and the small spiral shell shell being just born is very crisp, full of nutrition, pole
Easily ingested by freshwater crayfish, be conducive to improve the survival rate and growth speed of freshwater crayfish, while spiral shell has pole to water quality
Strong catharsis；Usually put spiral shell 20-30kg/ mus living in a suitable place to breed, allow it to grow, breed naturally；
Step 5, pond culture management：Adhere to daily it is early, middle and late patrol the pool, moment observation cray, the moving type of mandarin fish
Condition, starts aerator in time, carries out the record of every daily temperature, water temperature, cray, the food ration of mandarin fish, situation of ingesting and quantity；
Step 6, the aquaculture management of mandarin fish；
Step 6.7, pond fishing.
Further, the fishpond area 1ha in the step 1, the rectangle fishpond of south-north direction, aspect ratio 2：1, fishpond
Water conservation depth 1.8m, fishpond bottom flat are in pot bottom-shape, bottom of pond mud about 10-20cm；Water quality meets national fresh water fishery cultivation
Standard GB11607-89；On the fishpond pool, ridge surrounding surrounds the shape of falling eaves with polythene net, and anti-escape network bassets 50cm, buries
30cm, fall the wide 40cm of eaves, 60 ° of angle；Intake-outlet screen filtration, prevent cray escape and wild fishes, harmful organisms into
Enter fishpond；Fishpond is equipped with two 3kw paddle aerators, ensures per 667m2There is 0.2kw.
Further, it is as shown in the table to put index in a suitable place to breed for specific in the step 3：
Further, pond culture management is specially in the step 5：
Step 5.1, Feed selection：It is 30% to select " honest " board special swelling dietary protein level, crude fat >=
2.60%, the cray special feed of lysine >=1.0%；Selection " sea is big " grains dedicated feed of board dace：Crude protein content
For 28%, crude fat 1.5%, lysine 1.0%；
Step 5.2, the maintenance of water plant：Early period is being cultivated, Duo Zhongcao, plants foot grass bio-fertilizer and strengthen rich water, promotion water plant
Growth and development, strengthens root adhesive force；Water plant is run well in cultivation mid-term requirement：Water colour overrich influences the photosynthesis of water plant, answers
Timely water transfer and reduction water level, strengthens photosynthesis；Water turbidity timely uses water quality water purification agent and bio-fertilizer aqua adjusts water
Matter；Water plant withers, lacks cordiality, timely uses the long root of strengthening root fertilizer promotion water plant, long shoot, recovers water plant vigor；In the cultivation later stage
It is required that control grass：The coverage rate of water plant is controlled in 40-60%；If there is the phenomenon of the water plant floating water surface, old toothed burclover should be cut off, is treated
Long new grass；Plum rain season reduce in right amount water level, avoid water plant rhizome float；Pay attention to cleaning water plant, handle and ruin water plant；Use
Photosynthetic bacteria and the compound beneficial bacterium of bacillus decompose water surface organic debris, keep water plant blade face, rhizome smooth breathing, avoid because
Unsmooth breath and the withered death that turns to be yellow；For causing the dead water plant being broken to clear up in time because of grass-and-insect painting, water is improved with quick lime
Matter, with the prosperous hair of promoted water plant.
The regulation measure of step 5.3, cray pond water quality
Cultivate the principle of the water to master " the shallow summer in spring expires, first thin after fertilizer " of cray "：Early spring suitably applies fertilizer transparency control
System is controlled in more than 40cm in 30cm, summer transparency；The cultivation later stage adds weekly water or changes water once, every time 15~30cm；It is high
Warm season per water is changed within 3-5 days once, changes water 30cm every time, keeps water body " tender, living, refreshing "；During cultivation will periodically to water body into
Row disinfection, generally carried out once every 15~25 days, full pool spilling head is watered with the quick lime of 10-15kg for 1m mus by the depth of water；If water
Body fertilizer partially is per 667m2Splash photosynthetic bacteria 1000-1500ml, and regulating water quality, improve transparency；The water level of cray cultivating pool
Will be depending on the change in season, between spring water level generally keeps 1.0--l.5m, summer water level can be controlled in 1.5m；
Step 5.4, the aquaculture management of cray：
The young shrimp of cray, juvenile prawn stage, using wheel animalcule, cladocera, Copepods and the aquatic insect young as food, into the shrimp stage
Then simultaneous food animal fodder, plant feed；After shrimp seedling, shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed, fertilizer is imposed in due course, water quality of increasing fertilizer；
Fed according to the life habit and the feature of ingesting of cray, cray more at night activity look for food, and with strive food,
Voracious habit；Every morning, afternoon will be adhered to respectively once by feeding feed, with afternoon once based on, account for the 60%- of whole day feeding volume
70%；Take and determine matter, the quantitative, feeding method of timing, feed foot and feed even, ensure that every shrimp all has enough, avoid mutually striving food；
Rationally fed according to weather, change of water quality and shrimp activity situation of ingesting；3-4 month water temperatures are small to more than 10 DEG C fresh water
When lobster has just opened water temperature after food stage and October and drops to 15 DEG C, cray food ration is begun to decline, daily by weight
1%-3% is fed；And suitably increased and decreased according to weather, water quality condition and shrimp activity situation of looking for food；Continuous rainy days or water quality mistake
It is dense, feed less, it is after shell to feed more, fed when growing normal more；Fed less during large quantities of shrimp shells, it is after shell to feed more；Shrimp sends out
Sick season feeds less, is fed when growing normal more.
Further, the aquaculture management of the mandarin fish is specially：
Step 6.1, level pond and cultivate water quality：Start mid-May to strengthen the cray that fishing reaches listing specification, together
When cradle the water plant of pond depths；When pond, cray deposits the pool amount when reaching 10-20 kgs/acre, starts the outside pool and draws water, catches
Reach flower silver carp and the crucian of listing specification, do not supported temporarily up to the pool that turns of specification, pool cultivation is returned after pond situation stabilization；Work as pond
Water level is down to 20-30 centimetres of the depth of water, then per 667m2Cleaned up the pond with quick lime 60Kg wet methods；Expire pond with wooden rake within second day to harrow one time；
In the hope of thoroughly cleaning up the pond, wild fishes and germ are killed；3-4 days i.e. injection filtering ponds depth of water reaches 90-100 centimetres after toxicity；Put seedling
The first seven day is cleaned up the pond once with tea seed cake again, and tea seed cake dosage is 15-20Kg/667m2, water body is changed into peak green or yellow green after 4-5 days；
Step 6.2, main foster pond bait fish is cultivated and mandarin fish seed is put in a suitable place to breed：Outsourcing on June 5 dace spray, per 667m2Put
Support 1,000,000 tail of dace spray；Splash soya-bean milk twice daily；When fry is grown to 2.5-3.0cm, by the mandarin fish of 4.5-5.5cm specifications
Fry kind is put into cultivating pool；The disease-free and injury-free no deformity in mandarin fish seed selective body mass color pool, the povidone of user 10% before pond-inputting
Iodate water, embathes 10 minutes；To kill the bacterium of body surface and virus；
Step 6.3, feedstuff feeding：Mandarin fish master supports pond and feeds 2 mixed feeds, every morning 9：00-10：00, afternoon 17：
00-18：00 respectively feeds once, and day throwing amount is bait fish weight 3-4%, feed is launched along pool side, easy to observe bait fish
The mandarin fish of situation of ingesting and difference of invigorating health effectively ingests in advance, and is suitably increased and decreased according to weather condition；
Step 6.4, daily management：During mandarin fish cultivates, according to water temperature, water colour, water body, pH value and water transparency water
Prime factor, is in due course adjusted water quality, water is carried out transparency and is maintained at 25-30cm；Mandarin fish likes pure and fresh water quality, lower oxygen concentration resistance
Ability is poor, and it is particularly significant to strengthen water quality management；Adhere to patrolling the pool daily, particularly patrol the pool sooner or later, observation mandarin fish ingests situation；Often
Its morning timing sampling observation mandarin fish growing state, and whether the microscopy fish body gill filament, body surface have a parasite, regular check aerator and latent
Whether water pump is intact；Cultivation record is carried out, accomplishes special messenger's responsibility system；
Step 6.5, regulating and controlling water quality；
Step 6.6, disease control：Adhere to the principle of " putting prevention first, anti-overweight is controlled ", interval 10-15d medications once, are led to
Cross on the microscope detection mandarin fish gill filament and epidermal mucus and adhere to parasite, suit the remedy to the case, desinsection, sterilization, fertilizing, water transfer etc.；It is high
Warm season only sterilizes and water transfer；Before season in White Dew arrives, according to Microscopy Results, it is once to whole water system
The desinsection of system, sterilization, fertilizing, water transfer.
Further, the regulating and controlling water quality is specifically implemented according to following steps：
Step 6.5.1, it is diligent to change water：Water level is navigated into more than 1.5m before high temperature arriving；In the breeding process per 15-
20d changes water once, takes out the extraction of pond bottom water every time, and the oxygen-containing abundant superficial water of sedimentation basin is pumped into；Each plus water 20-
30cm, adds water preferably in the afternoon 16：Completed before when 00；
Step 6.5.2, regulating water quality：Began to use photosynthetic bacteria regulating water quality from May 28, every 1000-
1500ml/667m2, every 10-15d " the bacterium phase " and " algae phase " for once, making water body keep good, water quality holding " fertile, living,
It is tender, refreshing "；
Step 6.5.3, dissolved oxygen controls：Aerator follows the principle of " three, which open three, does not open ", fine day noon 12：00-14：00 increases
Oxygen machine standard-sized sheet, evening 22：An aerator, morning 2 are started first in 00 every mouthful of pond：00 starts another aerator, to early
Morning 8：00；If if chance rainy days and haze weather start are started shooting to noon 11 to chance rainy days and haze weather:00, ensure pond
Dissolved oxygen is in more than 5mg/L.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can be obtained including following technique effect：
1) cray of the present invention and the aquaculture model of mandarin fish alternate culture, make full use of the difference of different cultivars culture-cycle, beat
The good time difference, pond utilization rate is improved, improve the comprehensive benefit in pond.
2) cray of the present invention and the aquaculture model of mandarin fish alternate culture, relative to special pond culture cray or mandarin fish
Fish, the culture-cycle is relatively shorter, causes to be not so good as monoculture in terms of overall yield；And in kind of a grass, fishing time linking, management etc.
Operation difficulty is larger than monoculture.
3) the commodity cray that the aquaculture model of cray of the present invention and mandarin fish alternate culture is produced, average individual is big, green
Color health, is easy to sell in market；Mandarin fish, flower silver carp spray preferably select the sheet that the speed of growth is fast, survival rate is high, premunition is strong
Ground fry.The fry of the ground breeding such as wide continent often carries virus, in high temperature season susceptible disease, is unfavorable for high-density breeding, to cultivation
The cultivation risk brought is difficult to control.
4) in the breeding process, deposit that pool amount is not high, and growth cycle is short, and water quality is good, fish disease is few, benefit due to shrimp and fish
Height, easy control, is worthy to be popularized.
Certainly, implement any of the products of the present invention and it is not absolutely required to reach all the above technique effect at the same time.
Embodiment
Carry out the embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, thereby to the present invention how application technology hand
Section solves technical problem and reaches the process of realizing of technical effect to fully understand and according to this implement.
The present invention provides a kind of alternate culture method of cray and mandarin fish, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, fishpond prepare：Fishpond water is drained into deep 10~15cm by mid-February, then per 667m2With quick lime 125kg
Clean up the pond；Rake pond bottom is turned over wooden rake one time within second day；In the hope of thoroughly cleaning up the pond, wild fishes and germ are killed；Noted after 3~4d
Water, makes pond water as deep as 60~70cm；
Wherein, the fishpond area 1ha, the rectangle fishpond of south-north direction, aspect ratio 2：1, fishpond water conservation depth 1.8m,
Fishpond bottom flat is in pot bottom-shape, bottom of pond mud about 10-20cm.Water quality meets national fresh water fishery cultivation standard GB11607-
89；
On the fishpond pool, ridge surrounding surrounds the shape of falling eaves with polythene net, and anti-escape network bassets 50cm, and bury 30cm, and the eaves that falls is wide
40cm, 60 ° of angle；Intake-outlet screen filtration, prevents that cray from escaping and wild fishes, harmful organisms enter fishpond；
Fishpond is equipped with two 3kw paddle aerators, ensures per 667m2There is 0.2kw.
Step 2, the transplanting of water plant：The surrounding shallow water area that late Febuary starts in pond plants waterweed, and method for planting will
Waterweed cuts stem segmentation cuttage, 1.5 spacing in the rows 0.6m of line-spacing；In the grass of inserting Huang silk in the ranks, hydrilla verticillata；
Step 3, fingerling stocking：Start to launch flower silver carp, crucian kind in batches at the beginning of 3 months, 10% " poly- iodine " immersion of fingerling
Enter pond after 10min, late March starts to launch cray seedling, launches in three batches, and the specification that every batch of is launched is identical, and weight presses gross weight
30%, 40%, the 30% of amount is launched successively；Wheat dace spray is launched at the beginning of 6 months, late June launches the mandarin fish seed of 4--6cm；
It is as shown in table 1 below specifically to put index in a suitable place to breed：
Table 1 puts index in a suitable place to breed
The transplanting of step 4, spiral shell：The reproductive capacity of spiral shell is very strong, and the small spiral shell shell being just born is very crisp, full of nutrition, pole
Easily ingested by freshwater crayfish, be conducive to improve the survival rate and growth speed of freshwater crayfish, while spiral shell has pole to water quality
Strong catharsis；Usually put spiral shell 20-30kg/ mus living in a suitable place to breed, allow it to grow, breed naturally；
Step 5, pond culture management：Adhere to daily it is early, middle and late patrol the pool, moment observation cray, the moving type of mandarin fish
Condition, starts aerator in time, carries out the record of every daily temperature, water temperature, cray, the food ration of mandarin fish, situation of ingesting and quantity；
Step 5.1, Feed selection：It is 30% to select " honest " board special swelling dietary protein level, crude fat >=
2.60%, the cray special feed of lysine >=1.0%；Selection " sea is big " grains dedicated feed of board dace：Crude protein content
For 28%, crude fat 1.5%, lysine 1.0%；
Step 5.2, the maintenance of water plant：Early period is being cultivated, Duo Zhongcao, plants foot grass bio-fertilizer and strengthen rich water, promotion water plant
Growth and development, strengthens root adhesive force；
Water plant is run well in cultivation mid-term requirement：Water colour overrich influences the photosynthesis of water plant, answers timely water transfer and reduces water
Position, strengthens photosynthesis；Water turbidity timely uses water quality water purification agent and bio-fertilizer aqua regulating water quality；Water plant withers, lacks
Vigor, timely use the long root of strengthening root fertilizer promotion water plant, long shoot, recover water plant vigor；
Control grass is required in the cultivation later stage：The coverage rate of water plant is controlled in 40-60%；If water plant floating the water surface, cut off
Old toothed burclover, long new grass reduce water level in plum rain season, avoid water plant rhizome from floating in right amount；Pay attention to cleaning water plant, handle and ruin water
Grass；Water surface organic debris is decomposed using photosynthetic bacteria and the compound beneficial bacterium of bacillus, keeps water plant blade face, rhizome breathing logical
Freely, the withered death that turns to be yellow because of unsmooth breath is avoided；For causing the dead water plant being broken to clear up in time because of grass-and-insect painting, with raw stone
Ash improvement water quality, with the prosperous hair of promoted water plant.
Step 6, the aquaculture management of mandarin fish：
Step 6.1, level pond and cultivate water quality：Start mid-May to strengthen the cray that fishing reaches listing specification, together
When cradle the water plant of pond depths；When pond, cray deposits the pool amount when reaching 10-20 kgs/acre, starts the outside pool and draws water, catches
Reach flower silver carp and the crucian of listing specification, do not supported temporarily up to the pool that turns of specification, pool cultivation is returned after pond situation stabilization；Work as pond
Water level is down to 20-30 centimetres of the depth of water, then per 667m2Cleaned up the pond with quick lime 60Kg wet methods；Expire pond with wooden rake within second day to harrow one time；
In the hope of thoroughly cleaning up the pond, wild fishes and germ are killed；3-4 days i.e. injection filtering ponds depth of water reaches 90-100 centimetres after toxicity；Put seedling
The first seven day is cleaned up the pond once with tea seed cake again, and tea seed cake dosage is 15-20Kg/667m2, water body is changed into peak green or yellow green after 4-5 days；
Step 6.2, main foster pond bait fish is cultivated and mandarin fish seed is put in a suitable place to breed：Outsourcing on June 5 dace spray, per 667m2Put
Support 1,000,000 tail of dace spray；Splash soya-bean milk twice daily；When fry is grown to 2.5-3.0cm, by the mandarin fish of 4.5-5.5cm specifications
Fry kind is put into cultivating pool；The disease-free and injury-free no deformity in mandarin fish seed selective body mass color pool, the povidone of user 10% before pond-inputting
Iodate water, embathes 10 minutes；To kill the bacterium of body surface and virus；
Step 6.3, feedstuff feeding：Mandarin fish master supports pond and feeds 2 mixed feeds, every morning 9：00-10：00, afternoon 17：
00-18：00 respectively feeds once, and day throwing amount is bait fish weight 3-4%, feed is launched along pool side, easy to observe bait fish
The mandarin fish of situation of ingesting and difference of invigorating health effectively ingests in advance, and is suitably increased and decreased according to weather condition；
Step 6.4, daily management：During mandarin fish cultivates, according to water temperature, water colour, water body, pH value and water transparency water
Prime factor, is in due course adjusted water quality, water is carried out transparency and is maintained at 25-30cm；Mandarin fish likes pure and fresh water quality, lower oxygen concentration resistance
Ability is poor, and it is particularly significant to strengthen water quality management；Adhere to patrolling the pool daily, particularly patrol the pool sooner or later, observation mandarin fish ingests situation；Often
Its morning timing sampling observation mandarin fish growing state, and whether the microscopy fish body gill filament, body surface have a parasite, regular check aerator and latent
Whether water pump is intact；Cultivation record is carried out, accomplishes special messenger's responsibility system；
Step 6.5, regulating and controlling water quality：
A, it is diligent to change water：Water level is navigated into more than 1.5m before high temperature arriving；In the breeding process water is changed per 15-20d
Once, the extraction of pond bottom water is taken out every time, and the oxygen-containing abundant superficial water of sedimentation basin is pumped into.Add 20-30cm of water every time, add water
Preferably in the afternoon 16：Completed before when 00；
B, regulating water quality：Began to use photosynthetic bacteria regulating water quality, every 1000-1500ml/667m from May 282,
Every 10-15d " bacterium phases " and " algae phase " for once, making water body keep good, water quality keep " fertile, living, tender, refreshing "；
C, dissolved oxygen controls：Aerator follows the principle of " three, which open three, does not open ", fine day noon 12：00-14：00 aerator is complete
Open, evening 22：An aerator, morning 2 are started first in 00 every mouthful of pond：00 starts another aerator, extremely to morning 8：00；
If if chance rainy days and haze weather start are started shooting to noon 11 to chance rainy days and haze weather:00, ensure that pond dissolved oxygen exists
More than 5mg/L；
Step 6.6, disease control：Adhere to the principle of " putting prevention first, anti-overweight is controlled ", interval 10-15d medications once, are led to
Cross on the microscope detection mandarin fish gill filament and epidermal mucus and adhere to parasite, suit the remedy to the case, desinsection, sterilization, fertilizing, water transfer etc.；It is high
Warm season only sterilizes and water transfer；Before season in White Dew arrives, according to Microscopy Results, it is once to whole water system
The desinsection of system, sterilization, fertilizing, water transfer.
Step 6.7, pond fishing.
Embodiment 1
A kind of alternate culture method of cray and mandarin fish, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, fishpond prepare：Pond water was drained into 10~15cm in 12 days 2 months, then per 667m2It is clear with quick lime 125kg
The pool.Rake pond bottom is turned over wooden rake one time within second day.In the hope of thoroughly cleaning up the pond, wild fishes and germ are killed.It can be noted after 3~4d
Water, makes pond water as deep as 60~70cm.
Wherein, pond area 1ha, the rectangle fishpond of south-north direction, aspect ratio 2：1, pond water conservation depth 1.8m, pond
Bottom flat is in pot bottom-shape, bottom of pond mud about 10-20cm.Water quality meets national fresh water fishery cultivation standard GB11607-89.
The shape of falling eaves is surrounded with polythene net, anti-escape network bassets 50cm, and bury 30cm, and the eaves that falls is wide in pool ridge surrounding
40cm, 60 DEG C or so of angle.Intake-outlet screen filtration, prevents that cray from escaping and wild fishes, harmful organisms enter pond.
Pond is equipped with two 3kw paddle aerators, ensures per 667m2There is 0.2kw.
Step 2, the transplanting of water plant：Start within 20 days 2 months the surrounding shallow water area in pond and plant waterweed, method for planting will
Waterweed cuts stem segmentation cuttage, 1.5 spacing in the rows 0.6m of line-spacing.In the grass of inserting Huang silk in the ranks, hydrilla verticillata etc..
Step 3, fingerling stocking：Started March 2 to launch flower silver carp, crucian kind in batches, 10% " poly- iodine " immersion of fingerling
Enter pond after 10min, started March 20 to launch cray seedling, launch in three batches, the specification that every batch of is launched is identical, and weight presses gross weight
30%, 40%, the 30% of amount is launched successively.Launch wheat dace spray June 5, launch the mandarin fish seed of 4--6cm 20--25 days June.
Specifically putting index in a suitable place to breed is shown in Table 1：
The transplanting of step 4, spiral shell
The reproductive capacity of spiral shell is very strong, and the small spiral shell shell being just born is very crisp, full of nutrition, is easily taken the photograph by freshwater crayfish
Food, is conducive to improve the survival rate and growth speed of freshwater crayfish, while spiral shell has water quality extremely strong catharsis；Usually
Put spiral shell 20-30kg/ mus living in a suitable place to breed, allow it to grow, breed naturally.
Step 5, pond culture management：
Adhere to daily it is early, middle and late patrol the pool, moment observation cray, the activity situation of mandarin fish, start aerator, do in time
The well record of every daily temperature, water temperature, cray, the food ration of mandarin fish, situation of ingesting and quantity；
Step 5.1, Feed selection：
1) it is 30% to select " honest " board special swelling dietary protein level, crude fat >=2.60%, lysine >=
1.0% cray special feed.
2) selection " sea is big " the grains dedicated feed of board dace：Crude protein content is 28%, crude fat 1.5%, lysine
1.0%
Step 5.2, the maintenance of water plant：
1) early period is cultivated, Duo Zhongcao, plants foot grass and strengthen rich water with bio-fertilizer, promote water plant growth and development, it is attached to strengthen root
Put forth effort.
2) cultivate mid-term requirement and run water plant well：
A. water colour overrich influences the photosynthesis of water plant, answers timely water transfer and reduces water level, strengthens photosynthesis.
B. water turbidity timely uses water quality water purification agent and bio-fertilizer aqua regulating water quality.
C. water plant withers, lacks cordiality, timely uses the long root of strengthening root fertilizer promotion water plant, long shoot, recovers water plant vigor.
3) cultivate the later stage, require control grass：A. the coverage rate of water plant is controlled in 40-60%
B. if there is the phenomenon of the water plant floating water surface, old toothed burclover should be cut off, waits to grow new grass.
C. plum rain season reduce in right amount water level, avoid water plant rhizome float.
D. notice that cleaning water plant, processing ruin water plant.Water is decomposed using the compound beneficial bacterium such as photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus
Face organic debris, keep water plant blade face, rhizome smooth breathing, avoids the withered death that turns to be yellow because of unsmooth breath.
E. for causing the dead water plant being broken to clear up in time because of grass-and-insect painting.With quick lime improvement water quality, use bioactivity
Material promotes the prosperous hair of water plant.
The regulation measure of step 5.3, cray pond water quality
1) the suitable water quality of cray is clear, new, refreshing, unsuitable muddy, dense, fertile.Therefore, reed time controll into displacement and pond water
Position.Cultivate the principle of the water to master " the shallow summer in spring expires, first thin after fertilizer " of cray "
A. early spring suitably applies fertilizer transparency control in 30cm or so, and summer transparency is controlled in more than 40cm.Cultivate the later stage
Weekly plus water or change water once, every time 15~30cm.High temperature season changes water 30cm every time per water is changed within 3-5 days once, keeps water body
" tender, living, refreshing ".
B. periodically to carry out disinfection to water body during cultivating, generally be carried out once every 15~25 days, by 1m mus of use of the depth of water
The quick lime of 10-15kg is watered full pool spilling head, so not only improves and kills water body harmful bacteria, and supplement water body is calcareous, promotes small
Lobster shells growth as early as possible.
C. if water body fertilizer partially is per 667m2Splash photosynthetic bacteria 1000-1500ml, and regulating water quality, improve transparency.
D. the water level of cray cultivating pool will be depending on the change in season, and spring water level generally keeps 1.0--l.5m
Between, summer water level can be controlled in 1.5m.
Step 5.4, the aquaculture management of cray
(1) needs according to the cray stage of development to nutrition, do the combination of feed well and feed.The young shrimp of cray, children
In the shrimp stage, be food with wheel animalcule, cladocera, Copepods and aquatic insect young etc., into then simultaneous food animal fodder, the plant of shrimp stage
Physical property feed.After shrimp seedling, shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed, fertilizer is imposed in due course, water quality of increasing fertilizer.
(2) fed according to the life habit and the feature of ingesting of cray.Cray more look for food at night by activity, and has and strive
Food, voracious habit.Every morning, afternoon will be adhered to respectively once by feeding feed, with afternoon once based on, account for whole day feeding volume
60%-70%.Take and determine matter, the quantitative, feeding method of timing, feed foot and feed even, ensure that every shrimp all has enough, avoid mutually striving
Food.
(3) rationally fed according to weather, change of water quality and shrimp activity situation of ingesting.3-4 month water temperatures are light to more than 10 DEG C
When water cray has just opened water temperature after food stage and October and drops to 15 DEG C or so, cray food ration is begun to decline, and daily may be used
Fed by the 1%-3% of weight.And suitably increased and decreased according to weather, water quality condition and shrimp activity situation of looking for food.Continuous rainy days
Or water quality overrich, it can feed less, it is after shell to feed more, fed when growing normal more.Fed less during large quantities of shrimp shells, after shell
Feed more.Shrimp morbidity season is fed less, is fed when growing normal more.Shrimp should be allowed to have enough, reduce wasting again, improve and raise
Expect utilization rate.
Step 6, the aquaculture management of mandarin fish：
Step 6.1, level pond and cultivate water quality：
Start mid-May to strengthen catching the cray for reaching listing specification, while cradle the water plant of pond depths.Work as pond
Cray deposits the pool amount when reaching 10-20 kgs/acre, starts the outside pool and draws water, and fishing reaches flower silver carp and the crucian of listing specification,
The pool that turns for not reaching specification is temporarily supported, and pool cultivation is returned after pond situation stabilization.When pond water potential drop to 20-30 centimetres of the depth of water, then
Per 667m2Cleaned up the pond with quick lime 60Kg wet methods.Expire pond with wooden rake within second day to harrow one time.In the hope of thoroughly cleaning up the pond, kill wild fishes and
Germ.The filtering ponds depth of water can be injected within 3-4 days after toxicity up to 90--100 centimetres.Put before seedling seven days and clean up the pond one with tea seed cake again
Secondary, tea seed cake dosage is 15---20Kg/667m2, water body is changed into peak green or yellow green after 4---5 days.
Step 6.2, main foster pond bait fish is cultivated and mandarin fish seed is put in a suitable place to breed
June 5 from Guangdong outsourcing dace spray, per 667m2Put 1,000,000 tail of dace spray in a suitable place to breed.Splash soya-bean milk twice daily.
When fry is grown to 2.5-3.0cm, the mandarin fish seed of 4.5-5.5cm specifications is put into cultivating pool.Mandarin fish seed selects body surface
The disease-free and injury-free no deformity of gloss, the povidone iodate water of user 10%, embathes 10 minutes before pond-inputting.With kill the bacterium of body surface and
Virus.
Step 6.3, feedstuff feeding
Mandarin fish master supports pond and feeds 2 mixed feeds, every morning 9 under normal circumstances：00-10：00, afternoon 17：00---
18：00 respectively feeds once, and day throwing amount is bait fish weight 3-4%, feed is launched along pool side, easy to observe ingesting for bait fish
The mandarin fish of situation and difference of invigorating health effectively ingests in advance, and is suitably increased and decreased according to weather condition.
Step 6.4, daily management
During mandarin fish cultivates, according to water temperature, water colour, water body, pH value and water transparency water quality factor, in due course to water quality
It is adjusted, water is carried out transparency and be maintained at 25-30cm.Mandarin fish likes pure and fresh water quality, and hypoxia-resistant capacity is poor, therefore strengthens
Water quality management is particularly significant.
Adhere to patrolling the pool daily, particularly patrol the pool sooner or later, observation mandarin fish ingests situation.Every morning timing sampling observation mandarin fish growth
Situation, and whether the microscopy fish body gill filament, body surface have parasite, whether regular check aerator and immersible pump are intact.Carry out cultivation
Record, accomplishes special messenger's responsibility system.
Step 6.5, regulating and controlling water quality
A, it is diligent to change water：Water level is navigated into more than 1.5m before high temperature arriving.In the breeding process water is changed per 15-20d
Once, the extraction of pond bottom water is taken out every time, and the oxygen-containing abundant superficial water of sedimentation basin is pumped into.Add 20-30cm of water every time, add water
Preferably in the afternoon 16：Completed before when 00.
B, regulating water quality：
Began to use photosynthetic bacteria regulating water quality, every 1000-1500ml/667m2 from May 28, every 10-15d is used
Once, after using photosynthetic bacteria, the beneficial bacterium in water body becomes dominant population, improves the quantity of the beneficial bacterium in mandarin fish enteron aisle,
Suppress pathogenic microorganism matter growth and breeding in fish.Harmful substance in degraded water body, nutrition is provided for aquatile and microorganism,
Promote the growth of water body plankton, water body is kept good " bacterium phase " and " algae phase ", water quality keeps " fertile, living, tender, refreshing ".
C, dissolved oxygen controls：
Aerator follows the principle of " three, which open three, does not open ".Fine day noon 12：00—14：00 aerator standard-sized sheet, evening 22：00
An aerator, morning 2 are started first in every mouthful of pond：00 starts another aerator, extremely to morning 8：00 or so；If meet overcast and rainy
If it and haze weather start are started shooting to noon 11 to chance rainy days and haze weather:00, ensure pond dissolved oxygen 5mg/L with
On.
Step 6.6, disease control：
Adhere to the principle of " putting prevention first, anti-overweight is controlled ", interval 10-15d medications once, mandarin fish are detected by microscope
Adhere to parasite on the gill filament and epidermal mucus, suit the remedy to the case, desinsection, sterilization, fertilizing, water transfer etc..High temperature season is only sterilized and adjusted
Water.Before season in White Dew arrives, according to Microscopy Results, to the desinsection of whole water system progress primary system, sterilization, training
Fertilizer, water transfer.
Step 6.7, pond fishing；
Feed total amount used in the present invention is as follows；3.0 tons of the special expansionization feed of " honest " board cray, " sea is big " board
10 tons of dace special feed, outsourcing bait fish 5000kg.
2 and table 3 are shown in Table using the input and output of this method respectively.
2 cray of table and mandarin fish cultivation input table
3 cray of table and mandarin fish cultivation output tables
Performance analysis：
Cray average product 180kg/667m2, 5400 yuan/667m of average output value2, 2815 yuan/667m of average profit2；
Mandarin fish average product 200kg/667m2, 9000 yuan/667m of average output value2, 5139 yuan/667m of average profit2。
The cray early-breeding seedlings price of 2017 is up to 60.00 yuan/kg, and early-breeding seedlings launch deficiency, and benefit does not reach expection.
Mandarin fish alternate culture dace early period spray cultivating survival rate is not high, and dace cun piece can be but unsuitable as the open-mouthed bait fish of mandarin fish early stage
As long-term bait fish, therefore mandarin fish is put in a suitable place to breed preferably to mend after 6-7d and puts 1.5 ten thousand tails of bighead cun piece/667m2Left and right, as the suitable of mandarin fish
Mouthful bait fish, avoids consuming excessive dace, causes that the agreeable to the taste bait fish of middle and later periods mandarin fish lacks and outsourcing bait fish increase of having to is supported
Grow cost.
Cray and this aquaculture model of mandarin fish alternate culture, 667m27915 yuan of consolidated profit is more flat than the cultivation of single cray
Equal 3450 yuan of profit is higher by 142%, and the aquaculture model is of less demanding to the basic condition in pond, and cray comes with mandarin fish seed
Source is convenient, belongs to famous-brand and high-quality freshwater fish, value is high, market recognition.
Some preferred embodiments of invention have shown and described in described above, but as previously described, it should be understood that invention is not
Form disclosed herein is confined to, is not to be taken as the exclusion to other embodiment, and available for various other combinations, modification
And environment, and can be carried out in the scope of the invention is set forth herein by the technology or knowledge of above-mentioned teaching or association area
Change., then all should be in power appended by invention and changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of invention
In the protection domain that profit requires.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cray and the alternate culture method of mandarin fish, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, fishpond prepare：Fishpond water is drained into deep 10~15cm by mid-February, then per 667m2Cleaned up the pond with quick lime 125kg；
Rake pond bottom is turned over wooden rake one time within second day；In the hope of thoroughly cleaning up the pond, wild fishes and germ are killed；It is water filling after 3~4d, makes pond
The pool depth of water is up to 60~70cm；
Step 2, the transplanting of water plant：The surrounding shallow water area that late Febuary starts in pond plants waterweed, and method for planting is by Yi Le
Algae cuts stem segmentation cuttage, 1.5 spacing in the rows 0.6m of line-spacing；In the grass of inserting Huang silk in the ranks, hydrilla verticillata；
Step 3, fingerling stocking：Start to launch flower silver carp, crucian kind in batches at the beginning of 3 months, " poly- iodine is " after immersion 10min with 10% for fingerling
Enter pond, late March starts to launch cray seedling, launches in three batches, and the specification that every batch of is launched is identical, and weight is by gross weight
30%th, 40%, 30% launch successively；Wheat dace spray is launched at the beginning of 6 months, late June launches the mandarin fish seed of 4-6cm；
The transplanting of step 4, spiral shell：The reproductive capacity of spiral shell is very strong, and the small spiral shell shell being just born is very crisp, full of nutrition, easily by
Freshwater crayfish is ingested, be conducive to improve freshwater crayfish survival rate and growth speed, while spiral shell have to water quality it is extremely strong
Catharsis；Usually put spiral shell 20-30kg/ mus living in a suitable place to breed, allow it to grow, breed naturally；
Step 5, pond culture management：Adhere to daily it is early, middle and late patrol the pool, moment observation cray, the activity situation of mandarin fish, and
Shi Kaidong aerators, carry out the record of every daily temperature, water temperature, cray, the food ration of mandarin fish, situation of ingesting and quantity；
Step 6, the aquaculture management of mandarin fish；
Step 6.7, pond fishing.
2. cray according to claim 1 and the alternate culture method of mandarin fish, it is characterised in that the fishpond in the step 1
Area 1ha, the rectangle fishpond of south-north direction, aspect ratio 2：1, fishpond water conservation depth 1.8m, fishpond bottom flat is in pot bottom-shape,
Bottom of pond mud about 10-20cm；Water quality meets national fresh water fishery cultivation standard GB11607-89；The poly- second of ridge surrounding on the fishpond pool
Alkene net surrounds the shape of falling eaves, and anti-escape network bassets 50cm, and bury 30cm, falls the wide 40cm of eaves, 60 ° of angle；Intake-outlet sieve
Filtering, prevents that cray from escaping and wild fishes, harmful organisms enter fishpond；Fishpond is equipped with two 3kw paddle aerators, ensures
Per 667m2There is 0.2kw.
3. cray according to claim 1 and the alternate culture method of mandarin fish, it is characterised in that specific in the step 3
It is as shown in the table to put index in a suitable place to breed：
。
4. cray according to claim 1 and the alternate culture method of mandarin fish, it is characterised in that pond is supported in the step 5
Growing management is specially：
Step 5.1, Feed selection：It is 30% to select " honest " board special swelling dietary protein level, crude fat >=2.60%,
The cray special feed of lysine >=1.0%；Selection " sea is big " grains dedicated feed of board dace：Crude protein content for 28%,
Crude fat is 1.5%, lysine 1.0%；
Step 5.2, the maintenance of water plant：Early period is being cultivated, Duo Zhongcao, plants foot grass bio-fertilizer and strengthen rich water, promotion water plant growth
Development, strengthens root adhesive force；Water plant is run well in cultivation mid-term requirement：Water colour overrich influences the photosynthesis of water plant, answers in time
Water transfer and reduction water level, strengthen photosynthesis；Water turbidity timely uses water quality water purification agent and bio-fertilizer aqua regulating water quality；Water
Grass is withered, lacked cordiality, timely uses the long root of strengthening root fertilizer promotion water plant, long shoot, recovers water plant vigor；Control is required in the cultivation later stage
Grass：The coverage rate of water plant is controlled in 40-60%；If there is the phenomenon of the water plant floating water surface, old toothed burclover should be cut off, is treated long new
Grass；Plum rain season reduce in right amount water level, avoid water plant rhizome float；Pay attention to cleaning water plant, handle and ruin water plant；Using photosynthetic
Bacterium and the compound beneficial bacterium of bacillus decompose water surface organic debris, keep water plant blade face, rhizome smooth breathing, avoid because of breathing
The not smooth and withered death that turns to be yellow；For causing the dead water plant being broken to clear up in time because of grass-and-insect painting, with quick lime improvement water quality, use
The prosperous hair of promoted water plant；
The regulation measure of step 5.3, cray pond water quality
Cultivate the principle of the water to master " the shallow summer in spring expires, first thin after fertilizer " of cray "：Early spring suitably apply fertilizer transparency control exist
30cm, summer transparency are controlled in more than 40cm；The cultivation later stage adds weekly water or changes water once, every time 15~30cm；The high warm season
Section changes water 30cm every time per water is changed within 3-5 days once, keeps water body " tender, living, refreshing "；Periodically to disappear during cultivation to water body
Poison, generally carried out once every 15~25 days, full pool spilling head is watered with the quick lime of 10-15kg for 1m mus by the depth of water；If water body is inclined
Fertilizer is per 667m2Splash photosynthetic bacteria 1000-1500ml, and regulating water quality, improve transparency；The water level of cray cultivating pool wants root
Depending on the change in season, between spring water level generally keeps 1.0--l.5m, summer water level can be controlled in 1.5m；
Step 5.4, the aquaculture management of cray：
It is the young shrimp of cray, juvenile prawn stage, then simultaneous into the shrimp stage using wheel animalcule, cladocera, Copepods and the aquatic insect young as food
Eat animal fodder, plant feed；After shrimp seedling, shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed, fertilizer is imposed in due course, water quality of increasing fertilizer；
Fed according to the life habit and the feature of ingesting of cray, cray more look for food at night by activity, and has and strive food, voracity
Habit；Every morning, afternoon will be adhered to respectively once by feeding feed, with afternoon once based on, account for the 60%- of whole day feeding volume
70%；Take and determine matter, the quantitative, feeding method of timing, feed foot and feed even, ensure that every shrimp all has enough, avoid mutually striving food；
Rationally fed according to weather, change of water quality and shrimp activity situation of ingesting；3-4 month water temperatures are to more than 10 DEG C freshwater crayfish
When just opening that water temperature drops to 15 DEG C after food stage and October, cray food ration is begun to decline, the daily 1%-3% for pressing weight
Feed；And suitably increased and decreased according to weather, water quality condition and shrimp activity situation of looking for food；Continuous rainy days or water quality overrich are few to throw
Hello, it is after shell to feed more, fed when growing normal more；Fed less during large quantities of shrimp shells, it is after shell to feed more；Shrimp morbidity season is few
Feed, fed when growing normal more.
5. cray according to claim 1 and the alternate culture method of mandarin fish, it is characterised in that the cultivation pipe of the mandarin fish
Reason is specially：
Step 6.1, level pond and cultivate water quality：Start mid-May to strengthen the cray that fishing reaches listing specification, cut at the same time
Cut the water plant of pond depths；When pond, cray deposits the pool amount when reaching 10-20 kgs/acre, starts the outside pool and draws water, fishing reaches
The flower silver carp of listing specification and crucian, do not support temporarily up to the pool that turns of specification, and pool cultivation is returned after pond situation stabilization；When pond water level
20-30 centimetres of the depth of water is down to, then per 667m2Cleaned up the pond with quick lime 60Kg wet methods；Expire pond with wooden rake within second day to harrow one time；In the hope of
Thoroughly clean up the pond, kill wild fishes and germ；3-4 days i.e. injection filtering ponds depth of water reaches 90-100 centimetres after toxicity；Put before seedling seven
It is cleaned up the pond once with tea seed cake again, and tea seed cake dosage is 15-20Kg/667m2, water body is changed into peak green or yellow green after 4-5 days；
Step 6.2, main foster pond bait fish is cultivated and mandarin fish seed is put in a suitable place to breed：Outsourcing on June 5 dace spray, per 667m2Put dace in a suitable place to breed
Fish and water spends 1,000,000 tails；Splash soya-bean milk twice daily；When fry is grown to 2.5-3.0cm, by the mandarin fish seedling of 4.5-5.5cm specifications
Kind is put into cultivating pool；The disease-free and injury-free no deformity in mandarin fish seed selective body mass color pool, the povidone iodate of user 10% before pond-inputting
Water, embathes 10 minutes；To kill the bacterium of body surface and virus；
Step 6.3, feedstuff feeding：Mandarin fish master supports pond and feeds 2 mixed feeds, every morning 9：00-10：00, afternoon 17：00-
18：00 respectively feeds once, and day throwing amount is bait fish weight 3-4%, feed is launched along pool side, easy to observe ingesting for bait fish
The mandarin fish of situation and difference of invigorating health effectively ingests in advance, and is suitably increased and decreased according to weather condition；
Step 6.4, daily management：During mandarin fish cultivates, according to water temperature, water colour, water body, pH value and water transparency water quality because
Son, is in due course adjusted water quality, water is carried out transparency and is maintained at 25-30cm；Mandarin fish likes pure and fresh water quality, hypoxia-resistant capacity
It is poor, it is particularly significant to strengthen water quality management；Adhere to patrolling the pool daily, particularly patrol the pool sooner or later, observation mandarin fish ingests situation；Per in the sky
Noon timing sampling observation mandarin fish growing state, and whether the microscopy fish body gill filament, body surface have parasite, regular check aerator and immersible pump
It is whether intact；Cultivation record is carried out, accomplishes special messenger's responsibility system；
Step 6.5, regulating and controlling water quality；
Step 6.6, disease control：Adhere to the principle of " putting prevention first, anti-overweight is controlled ", 10-15d medications are spaced once, by aobvious
Micro mirror detects adheres to parasite on the mandarin fish gill filament and epidermal mucus, suits the remedy to the case, desinsection, sterilization, fertilizing, water transfer etc.；The high warm season
Section only sterilization and water transfer；Before season in White Dew arrives, according to Microscopy Results, primary system is carried out to whole water system
Desinsection, sterilization, fertilizing, water transfer.
6. cray according to claim 5 and the alternate culture method of mandarin fish, it is characterised in that the regulating and controlling water quality is specifically pressed
Implement according to following steps：
Step 6.5.1, it is diligent to change water：Water level is navigated into more than 1.5m before high temperature arriving；In the breeding process per 15-20d
Change water once, take out the extraction of pond bottom water every time, the oxygen-containing abundant superficial water of sedimentation basin is pumped into；Add 20-30cm of water every time,
Add water preferably in the afternoon 16：Completed before when 00；
Step 6.5.2, regulating water quality：Began to use photosynthetic bacteria regulating water quality, every 1000-1500ml/ from May 28
667m2, every 10-15d " the bacterium phase " and " algae phase " for once, making water body keep good, water quality keep " fertile, living, tender, refreshing "；
Step 6.5.3, dissolved oxygen controls：Aerator follows the principle of " three, which open three, does not open ", fine day noon 12：00-14：00 aerator
Standard-sized sheet, evening 22：An aerator, morning 2 are started first in 00 every mouthful of pond：00 starts another aerator, extremely to morning 8：
00；If if chance rainy days and haze weather start are started shooting to noon 11 to chance rainy days and haze weather:00, ensure pond dissolved oxygen
In more than 5mg/L.
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| CN114304006A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Method for breeding tilapia and procambarus clarkia in mixed mode |
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