CN107955325A - 一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于酚醛泡沫板加工技术领域,具体涉及一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法,所述酚醛树脂在使用前进行改性处理,所述酚醛树脂的改性方法为:按重量份计,取酚醛树脂50份研磨成粉过40‑60目筛,与4.6‑8.2份氧化亚铜纳米颗粒、2.2‑3.2份4羧基苯硫酚钠、0.9‑1.8份椒样薄荷油混合,放入处理箱中,控制温湿度及真空度,进行放电处理。本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:本发明中条件可控,所得产品性能稳定,相比现有技术在提高泡沫板的强度的同时提高了酚醛树脂的耐热稳定性,扩大了其使用范围。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于酚醛泡沫板加工技术领域,具体涉及一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法。
背景技术
酚醛泡沫由于原料易得、价廉、易于生产,是常用的隔热材料,但其存在的问题是隔热效果不太理想,酚醛泡沫板的导热系数加高,市面上酚醛泡沫版的导热系数基本在0.32W/(m·K)左右,酚醛泡沫板与其他保温材料相比,保温效果相对较差,同时还存在韧性弱,拉拔、压缩强度也不占优势,因此,如何降低酚醛泡沫板的导热系数,是酚醛泡沫研究的一个主要方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题,提供了一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的: 一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法,所述酚醛树脂在使用前进行改性处理,所述酚醛树脂的改性方法为:按重量份计,取酚醛树脂50份研磨成粉过40-60目筛,与4.6-8.2份氧化亚铜纳米颗粒、2.2-3.2份4羧基苯硫酚钠、0.9-1.8份椒样薄荷油混合,放入处理箱中,控制温度为45-55℃,湿度为85-95%PH,真空度为20-30Pa,混合料距离电机的距离为6-8cm,在放电电压为80-140V、电流密度为0.03-0.05mA/cm²的条件下处理80-100秒;然后调节温度至80℃,湿度为50-60%PH,真空度为30-40Pa,在电压为320-420V、电流密度为0.06-0.08mA/cm²的条件下处理30-40秒,即可。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述椒样薄荷油中薄荷醇含量为32.55%、薄荷酮23.58%和3,7,7-三甲基-二环[4,1,0]庚烷10.39%。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述处理箱可调温度范围为-5-80℃,控温精度为±1℃;可调湿度范围为10-50℃:30-95%PH,80℃:50-60%PH,控湿精度为±5%。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述氧化亚铜纳米颗粒的粒度为0.2-20μm。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述酚醛树脂制备方法为:按重量份计,取50份改性酚醛树脂、6-10份石墨烯、8-12份发泡剂、10-15份固化剂、4-8份稳定剂和20-30份水,搅拌混合后,经加热发泡、固化成型和后固化处理后得到酚醛泡沫板;所述后固化处理温度为76℃,湿度为83%,时间为32-36小时。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述发泡剂为石油醚;所述固化剂为苯酚磺酸、醋酸和二甲苯磺酸以重量比4:1:1混合得到;所述稳定剂为聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:本发明中条件可控,所得产品性能稳定,经改性处理后的酚醛树脂由于有纳米材料接枝到高分子聚合物的分子结构中,提高酚醛树脂的耐热性,相比其他改性方法,本发明改性所得酚醛树脂耐热稳定性较高,用于制备发泡板除了含有亚甲基外还含有柔性基团,容易加工,与其他原料混合,能进一步提高所制材料的表面张力,进而提高酚醛泡沫板的强度;本发明相比现有技术在提高泡沫板的强度的同时提高了酚醛树脂的耐热稳定性,扩大了其使用范围。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法,所述酚醛树脂在使用前进行改性处理,所述酚醛树脂的改性方法为:按重量份计,取酚醛树脂50份研磨成粉过50目筛,与6.2份氧化亚铜纳米颗粒、2.8份4羧基苯硫酚钠、1.4份椒样薄荷油混合,放入处理箱中,控制温度为50℃,湿度为90%PH,真空度为25Pa,混合料距离电机的距离为7cm,在放电电压为120V、电流密度为0.04mA/cm²的条件下处理90秒;然后调节温度至80℃,湿度为55%PH,真空度为35Pa,在电压为370V、电流密度为0.07mA/cm²的条件下处理35秒,即可。
其中,所述椒样薄荷油中薄荷醇含量为32.55%、薄荷酮23.58%和3,7,7-三甲基-二环[4,1,0]庚烷10.39%;所述处理箱可调温度范围为-5-80℃,控温精度为±1℃;可调湿度范围为10-50℃:30-95%PH,80℃:50-60%PH,控湿精度为±5%;所述氧化亚铜纳米颗粒的粒度为0.2-20μm。
其中,所述酚醛树脂制备方法为:按重量份计,取50份改性酚醛树脂、8份石墨烯、10份发泡剂、12份固化剂、6份稳定剂和25份水,搅拌混合后,经加热发泡、固化成型和后固化处理后得到酚醛泡沫板;所述后固化处理温度为76℃,湿度为83%,时间为34小时;
所述发泡剂为石油醚;所述固化剂为苯酚磺酸、醋酸和二甲苯磺酸以重量比4:1:1混合得到;所述稳定剂为聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
实施例2
一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法,所述酚醛树脂在使用前进行改性处理,所述酚醛树脂的改性方法为:按重量份计,取酚醛树脂50份研磨成粉过40目筛,与8.2份氧化亚铜纳米颗粒、2.2份4羧基苯硫酚钠、1.8份椒样薄荷油混合,放入处理箱中,控制温度为55℃,湿度为85%PH,真空度为30Pa,混合料距离电机的距离为6cm,在放电电压为80V、电流密度为0.03mA/cm²的条件下处理100秒;然后调节温度至80℃,湿度为50%PH,真空度为40Pa,在电压为320V、电流密度为0.06mA/cm²的条件下处理40秒,即可。
其中,所述酚醛树脂制备方法为:按重量份计,取50份改性酚醛树脂、6份石墨烯、12份发泡剂、10份固化剂、4份稳定剂和20份水,搅拌混合后,经加热发泡、固化成型和后固化处理后得到酚醛泡沫板;所述后固化处理温度为76℃,湿度为83%,时间为36小时。
实施例3
一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法,所述酚醛树脂在使用前进行改性处理,所述酚醛树脂的改性方法为:按重量份计,取酚醛树脂50份研磨成粉过60目筛,与4.6份氧化亚铜纳米颗粒、3.2份4羧基苯硫酚钠、0.9份椒样薄荷油混合,放入处理箱中,控制温度为45℃,湿度为95%PH,真空度为20Pa,混合料距离电机的距离为8cm,在放电电压为140V、电流密度为0.05mA/cm²的条件下处理80秒;然后调节温度至80℃,湿度为60%PH,真空度为30Pa,在电压为420V、电流密度为0.08mA/cm²的条件下处理30秒,即可。
其中,所述酚醛树脂制备方法为:按重量份计,取50份改性酚醛树脂、10份石墨烯、8份发泡剂、15份固化剂、8份稳定剂和30份水,搅拌混合后,经加热发泡、固化成型和后固化处理后得到酚醛泡沫板;所述后固化处理温度为76℃,湿度为83%,时间为32小时。
设置对照组1,将实施例1中改性酚醛树脂替换为等重量的酚醛树脂,其余内容不变;设置对照组2,将实施例1中改性方法中氧化亚铜纳米颗粒去掉,其余内容不变;设置对照组3,将实施例1中石墨烯去掉,其余内容不变;
对以上各组所制备的酚醛树脂泡沫板性能进行检测,在安徽试验场内室外放置1年,对导热系数再次进行检测,得到以下结果:
表1
组别 | 压缩强度(MPa) | 拉拔强度(MPa) | 导热系数(W/(m·K)) | 1年后导热系数(W/(m·K)) |
实施例1 | 0.237 | 0.155 | 0.0172 | 0.0174 |
实施例2 | 0.241 | 0.158 | 0.0168 | 0.0169 |
实施例3 | 0.239 | 0.156 | 0.0171 | 0.0173 |
对照组1 | 0.182 | 0.083 | 0.0261 | 0.0315 |
对照组2 | 0.197 | 0.105 | 0.0254 | 0.0279 |
对照组3 | 0.175 | 0.069 | 0.0203 | 0.0218 |
通过表1中数据可以看出,本发明中制备所得酚醛树脂泡沫板综合性能较好,相比对照组,其导热系数和导热系数稳定性达到了较好水平,适用范围更广。
Claims (6)
1.一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法,其特征在于,所述酚醛树脂在使用前进行改性处理,所述酚醛树脂的改性方法为:按重量份计,取酚醛树脂50份研磨成粉过40-60目筛,与4.6-8.2份氧化亚铜纳米颗粒、2.2-3.2份4羧基苯硫酚钠、0.9-1.8份椒样薄荷油混合,放入处理箱中,控制温度为45-55℃,湿度为85-95%PH,真空度为20-30Pa,混合料距离电机的距离为6-8cm,在放电电压为80-140V、电流密度为0.03-0.05mA/cm²的条件下处理80-100秒;然后调节温度至80℃,湿度为50-60%PH,真空度为30-40Pa,在电压为320-420V、电流密度为0.06-0.08mA/cm²的条件下处理30-40秒,即可。
2.如权利要求1所述一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法,其特征在于,所述椒样薄荷油中薄荷醇含量为32.55%、薄荷酮23.58%和3,7,7-三甲基-二环[4,1,0]庚烷10.39%。
3.如权利要求1所述一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法,其特征在于,所述处理箱可调温度范围为-5-80℃,控温精度为±1℃;可调湿度范围为10-50℃:30-95%PH,80℃:50-60%PH,控湿精度为±5%。
4.如权利要求1所述一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法,其特征在于,所述氧化亚铜纳米颗粒的粒度为0.2-20μm。
5.如权利要求1所述一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法,其特征在于,所述酚醛树脂制备方法为:按重量份计,取50份改性酚醛树脂、6-10份石墨烯、8-12份发泡剂、10-15份固化剂、4-8份稳定剂和20-30份水,搅拌混合后,经加热发泡、固化成型和后固化处理后得到酚醛泡沫板;所述后固化处理温度为76℃,湿度为83%,时间为32-36小时。
6.如权利要求5所述一种降低酚醛泡沫板导热系数的加工方法,其特征在于,所述发泡剂为石油醚;所述固化剂为苯酚磺酸、醋酸和二甲苯磺酸以重量比4:1:1混合得到;所述稳定剂为聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
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