CN107904387A - A kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment - Google Patents
A kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107904387A CN107904387A CN201711153080.4A CN201711153080A CN107904387A CN 107904387 A CN107904387 A CN 107904387A CN 201711153080 A CN201711153080 A CN 201711153080A CN 107904387 A CN107904387 A CN 107904387A
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- gear shaft
- heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment, by normalizing in heat treatment process, spheroidizing, quenching, tempering and etc. temperature and time optimization, enhance the mechanical property of gear shaft, obtain preferable hardness and uniformity of hardness；The component of gear shaft is optimized by adding Mn, Cr, Mo, V, rare earth element, so as to significantly increase the stabilization of austenite of gear shaft, improves the quenching degree and hardenability of gear shaft, and improve the wearability and anti-fatigue performance of product；Also, the surface of gear shaft is set to obtain martensite and bainite fine grained texture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal heat treatmet field, is to be related to a kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment specifically.
Background technology
Gear shaft can generally use carburizing steel, but also use quenched and tempered steel sometimes, particularly large gear axis.Given birth in practice
In the trying out and adjust repeatedly of production, gear axle-steel has formed architecture, and these steel grades compare concentrations, such as German
CK45,34CrMo, 42CrMo4,34CrNiMo6 Series Steel；Such steel in the U.S. is mainly 4130,4340,4150,4140 steel；
The steel grade of Japan is then SCM4, SNCM8 etc..The purpose of these steel alloyings is, first, to make steel that there is good quenching degree, with
Just gear shaft can obtain the Malpighian layer of adequate thickness after quenching, and manganese, chromium, molybdenum etc. are to improving quenching degree in this dvielement
Play a role clearly.Second, tempering backgear axle is set still to remain good comprehensive mechanical property, as carbon such as vanadium, manganese, chromium
The addition of compound formation element, can significantly improve temper resistance.
Since two thousand and ten, to adapt to the demand of product high quality and diversification of varieties, the country is newly-built and has reconstructed large quantities of
Advanced gear shaft production line, it is desirable to be able to obtain more preferable properties of product and service life.But the axle body of current gear shaft product
Case hardness is relatively low, and quench-hardened case is shallow, and anti-strip and anti-accident ability are weak and cannot meet requirement.User's an urgent demand improves
Gear shaft depth of hardening zone and wearability, and there is good anti-fatigue ability, to improve service life, reduce axis consumption and production
Cost.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as to improve gear shaft mechanical property and wearability, the present invention provides a kind of heat treatment of gear shaft
Technique, enables gear shaft product to obtain enough depth of hardening zone and wearability, and good anti-fatigue ability.
A kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment, includes the following steps：
(1) the gear shaft blank normalizing after forging is first heated to 1000~1100 DEG C of 0.5~1h of austenitizing；
(2) 850~900 DEG C of progress 1~2h of spheroidizing are cooled to the furnace again, are then air-cooled to room temperature；
(3) after gear shaft blank described in Quench heating keeps the temperature 0.5~1h to 950~1050 DEG C, oil cooling；
(4) when the gear shaft blank is cooled to 200~350 DEG C, it is put into tempering furnace, 1 is kept the temperature at 450~500 DEG C
~2h tempers, then cool to 250~300 DEG C with the furnace, come out of the stove and be air-cooled to room temperature.
Forging step before the heat treatment process is to keep the temperature 1 after gear shaft blank first is heated to 1100~1200 DEG C
~2h, then forging of coming out of the stove.
The component and percentage by weight of the gear shaft blank is 0.25%~0.35% C, 0.25%~0.35%
Si, 2.50%~3.50% Cr, 1.50%~2.00% Mn, 0.15%~0.20% Mo, 0.15%~0.20%
V, 0.03%~0.05% Y, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity.
Case hardness after the gear shaft heat treatment is 75~80HS, and shaft end hardness is 65~75HS, and hardness is uniform
Property is ± 2.0HS.
The surface of the gear shaft is martensitic structure and bainite structure, and core is pearlitic structrure.
Preferably, below the surface of the gear shaft to surface in the range of 20~40mm it is martensitic structure and bainite
Tissue.
The present invention by normalizing in heat treatment process, spheroidizing, quenching, tempering and etc. temperature and time it is excellent
Change, enhance the mechanical property of gear shaft, obtain preferable hardness and uniformity of hardness；By add Mn, Cr, Mo, V,
The component of gear shaft is optimized in rare earth element, so as to significantly increase the stabilization of austenite of gear shaft, improves tooth
The quenching degree and hardenability of wheel shaft, and improve the wearability and anti-fatigue performance of product；Also, obtain the surface of gear shaft
Martensite and bainite fine grained texture.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and comparative example, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment, includes the following steps：
(1) the gear shaft blank normalizing after forging is first heated to 1000 DEG C of austenitizing 0.5h；
(2) 850 DEG C of progress spheroidizing 2h are cooled to the furnace again, are then air-cooled to room temperature；
(3) after gear shaft blank described in Quench heating keeps the temperature 1h to 950 DEG C, oil cooling；
(4) when the gear shaft blank is cooled to 350 DEG C, it is put into tempering furnace, 1h tempers is kept the temperature at 500 DEG C,
Then 250 DEG C are cooled to the furnace, comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature.
Forging step before the heat treatment process is first to be heated to gear shaft blank to keep the temperature 2h after 1100 DEG C, then go out
Stove forges.
The component and percentage by weight of the gear shaft blank are 0.25% C, 0.25% Si, 2.50% Cr,
1.50% Mn, 0.15% Mo, 0.15% V, 0.03% Y, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity.
Case hardness after gear shaft heat treatment be 75HS, and shaft end hardness is 65HS, uniformity of hardness is ±
2.0HS。
It is martensitic structure and bainite structure in the range of 20mm below the surface of the gear shaft to surface, core is
Pearlitic structrure.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment, includes the following steps：
(1) the gear shaft blank normalizing after forging is first heated to 1100 DEG C of austenitizing 0.5h；
(2) 900 DEG C of progress spheroidizing 1h are cooled to the furnace again, are then air-cooled to room temperature；
(3) after gear shaft blank described in Quench heating keeps the temperature 0.5h to 1050 DEG C, oil cooling；
(4) when the gear shaft blank is cooled to 200 DEG C, it is put into tempering furnace, 2h tempers is kept the temperature at 450 DEG C,
Then 300 DEG C are cooled to the furnace, comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature.
Forging step before the heat treatment process is first to be heated to gear shaft blank to keep the temperature 1h after 1200 DEG C, then go out
Stove forges.
The component and percentage by weight of the gear shaft blank are 0.35% C, 0.35% Si, 3.50% Cr,
2.00% Mn, 0.20% Mo, 0.20% V, 0.05% Y, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity.
Case hardness after gear shaft heat treatment be 80HS, and shaft end hardness is 75HS, uniformity of hardness is ±
2.0HS。
It is martensitic structure and bainite structure in the range of 40mm below the surface of the gear shaft to surface, core is
Pearlitic structrure.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment, includes the following steps：
(1) the gear shaft blank normalizing after forging is first heated to 1050 DEG C of austenitizing 1h；
(2) 880 DEG C of progress spheroidizing 1h are cooled to the furnace again, are then air-cooled to room temperature；
(3) after gear shaft blank described in Quench heating keeps the temperature 0.5h to 1000 DEG C, oil cooling；
(4) when the gear shaft blank is cooled to 300 DEG C, it is put into tempering furnace, 2h tempers is kept the temperature at 480 DEG C,
Then 280 DEG C are cooled to the furnace, comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature.
Forging step before the heat treatment process is first to be heated to gear shaft blank to keep the temperature 1h after 1150 DEG C, then go out
Stove forges.
The component and percentage by weight of the gear shaft blank are 0.30% C, 0.35% Si, 3.00% Cr,
1.80% Mn, 0.15% Mo, 0.17% V, 0.04% Y, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity.
Case hardness after gear shaft heat treatment be 77HS, and shaft end hardness is 68HS, uniformity of hardness is ±
2.0HS。
It is martensitic structure and bainite structure in the range of 30mm below the surface of the gear shaft to surface, core is
Pearlitic structrure.
Comparative example 1：
During using heat treatment process different from the present invention, due to heat treatment temperature or the difference of time, especially normalizing,
Spheroidizing, quenching be tempered again heat treatment order be changed after, phosphorus content will be caused uneven, especially quenching Step when,
The carbon content dissolved in austenite is inconsistent, is equally that the hardness of quenched martensite also can be inconsistent.
Comparative example 2：
Using different from the present invention alloying component gear shaft, due to lack increase quenching degree and hardenability Mn, Cr,
Mo, V, rare earth etc. act on element, and the case hardness for making the gear shaft of acquisition is only below 55HS, and uniformity of hardness can not also be protected
Card.
It can be seen from embodiment 1-2 and comparative example 1-2 the present invention by normalizing in heat treatment process, spheroidizing,
Quenching, tempering and etc. temperature and time optimization, enhance the mechanical property of gear shaft, obtain preferable hardness and
Uniformity of hardness；The component of gear shaft is optimized by adding Mn, Cr, Mo, V, rare earth element, so as to significantly increase
The stabilization of austenite of gear shaft, improves the quenching degree and hardenability of gear shaft, and improves the wearability of product and resist tired
Labor performance；Also, the surface of gear shaft is set to obtain martensite and bainite fine grained texture.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that：Not
In the case of departing from the principle of the present invention and objective a variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments, this
The scope of invention is limited by claim and its equivalent.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment, it is characterised in that the heat treatment process includes the following steps：
(1) the gear shaft blank normalizing after forging is first heated to 1000~1100 DEG C of 0.5~1h of austenitizing；
(2) 850~900 DEG C of progress 1~2h of spheroidizing are cooled to the furnace again, are then air-cooled to room temperature；
(3) after gear shaft blank described in Quench heating keeps the temperature 0.5~1h to 950~1050 DEG C, oil cooling；
(4) when the gear shaft blank is cooled to 200~350 DEG C, it is put into tempering furnace, 1~2h is kept the temperature at 450~500 DEG C
Temper, then cools to 250~300 DEG C with the furnace, comes out of the stove and be air-cooled to room temperature.
2. heat treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Forging step before the heat treatment process is,
1~2h, then forging of coming out of the stove are kept the temperature after gear shaft blank first is heated to 1100~1200 DEG C.
3. heat treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The component and weight percent of the gear shaft blank
Than the C for 0.25%~0.35%, 0.25%~0.35% Si, 2.50%~3.50% Cr, 1.50%~2.00%
Mn, 0.15%~0.20% Mo, 0.15%~0.20% V, 0.03%~0.05% Y, surplus is for iron and unavoidably
Impurity.
4. heat treatment process according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Case hardness after gear shaft heat treatment is
75~80HS, shaft end hardness are 65~75HS, and uniformity of hardness is ± 2.0HS.
5. the heat treatment process according to Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that：The surface of the gear shaft is geneva
Body tissue and bainite structure, core are pearlitic structrure.
6. the heat treatment process according to claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that：Below the surface of the gear shaft to surface
It is martensitic structure and bainite structure in the range of 20~40mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711153080.4A CN107904387B (en) | 2017-11-19 | 2017-11-19 | A kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711153080.4A CN107904387B (en) | 2017-11-19 | 2017-11-19 | A kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107904387A true CN107904387A (en) | 2018-04-13 |
| CN107904387B CN107904387B (en) | 2019-04-12 |
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| CN201711153080.4A Active CN107904387B (en) | 2017-11-19 | 2017-11-19 | A kind of Gear Shaft Heat Treatment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107674944A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-02-09 | 深圳万佳互动科技有限公司 | A kind of hardening and tempering method of splined shaft |
| CN113913600A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-01-11 | 河南北方红阳机电有限公司 | Heat treatment process method for D50Re material penetration type shell |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101724786A (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2010-06-09 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Bearing steel and technology for heating processing |
| CN102534134A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-04 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Bainite isothermal quenching thermal treatment process method for medium-carbon bearing steel |
| CN105643219A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-08 | 重庆市巴南区仁荣机械厂 | Machining technology for gear shaft |
| CN105714087A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-29 | 重庆永林机械设备有限公司 | 42CrMo gear shaft heat treatment technology |
| CN105986090A (en) * | 2015-01-31 | 2016-10-05 | 重庆展申机械厂 | Heat treatment process for bearing steel |
-
2017
- 2017-11-19 CN CN201711153080.4A patent/CN107904387B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101724786A (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2010-06-09 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Bearing steel and technology for heating processing |
| CN102534134A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-04 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Bainite isothermal quenching thermal treatment process method for medium-carbon bearing steel |
| CN105643219A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-08 | 重庆市巴南区仁荣机械厂 | Machining technology for gear shaft |
| CN105714087A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-29 | 重庆永林机械设备有限公司 | 42CrMo gear shaft heat treatment technology |
| CN105986090A (en) * | 2015-01-31 | 2016-10-05 | 重庆展申机械厂 | Heat treatment process for bearing steel |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107674944A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-02-09 | 深圳万佳互动科技有限公司 | A kind of hardening and tempering method of splined shaft |
| CN107674944B (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2019-01-11 | 连云港江南精工机械有限公司 | A kind of hardening and tempering method of splined shaft |
| CN113913600A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-01-11 | 河南北方红阳机电有限公司 | Heat treatment process method for D50Re material penetration type shell |
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| CN107904387B (en) | 2019-04-12 |
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Effective date of registration: 20190311 Address after: 317399 118 Luxingzhong Road, Anzhou Street, Xianju County, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: Zhejiang Yong Ling Hydraulic Machinery Co., Ltd. Address before: 518101 23 Xin'an Lake Garden, Xin'an Street, Baoan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province 203 Applicant before: Shenzhen Wanjia Interactive Technology Co., Ltd. |
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