CN107892691B - 2,8,9-三取代-9h-嘌呤类化合物及其盐和应用 - Google Patents
2,8,9-三取代-9h-嘌呤类化合物及其盐和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107892691B CN107892691B CN201711378538.6A CN201711378538A CN107892691B CN 107892691 B CN107892691 B CN 107892691B CN 201711378538 A CN201711378538 A CN 201711378538A CN 107892691 B CN107892691 B CN 107892691B
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- purine
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Abstract
本发明提供了2,8,9‑三取代‑9H‑嘌呤类化合物及其盐和应用,属于抗癌药物技术领域。该类化合物结构新颖,具有抑制表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)酪氨酸激酶的活性,对于单突变(L858R)的EGFR具有显著的抑制活性,具有明显的体内、外抗肿瘤活性,可用于与EGFR突变相关的癌症的治疗,而且其合成原料易得、合成方法容易实现。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于抗癌药物技术领域,具体涉及一种2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物及其盐和应用。
背景技术
癌症是严重威胁人类健康的恶性疾病之一。近30年来,我国癌症发生率正处于快速上升期,癌症发病率约为200/10万人,每年新发病例达320万例以上,死亡约270多万,在治患者700万人以上。
目前癌症的主要治疗手段仍然是手术治疗、放射治疗及药物治疗,但在很大程度上仍是以药物治疗为主。因此,研究开发新的抗癌药物具有重要意义。
传统的抗肿瘤药物活性强,但缺乏选择性,毒性大。近年来,随着肿瘤分子生物学研究的进展,对肿瘤发病机理有了更多的认识,找到了许多抗癌药物作用的新靶点,如表皮生长因子(EGFR)酪氨酸激酶、PI3Ks,BTK等。
在非小细胞肺癌中,约有50%的患者呈现EGFR的突变。针对这一特点,已经开发了第一代EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,如吉非替尼、埃罗替尼、埃克替尼、第二代EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂阿法替尼、第三代EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂奥希替尼,用作抗癌药物。但是,奥希替尼使用10个月左右后,又发现EGFR发生了第三个位点的突变,即C797S,产生获得性耐药,使奥希替尼的作用明显下降。因此,研发结构新颖、活性高的EGFR单突变(L858R)或EGFR三突变(L858R/T790M/C797S)的抑制剂用于治疗EGFR突变癌症具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物及其盐和应用,该类化合物结构新颖,具有显著的抑制EGFR酪氨酸激酶单突变(L858R)和三突变(L858R/T790M/C797S)的活性,具有明显的体内、外抗肿瘤活性,可应用于抗癌药物制剂的制备,而且其合成原料易得、合成方法容易实现。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物,其结构式为:
式中,R1为环烷基、取代环烷基、杂环烷基或取代杂环烷基;
R2为烷氧基、取代烷氧基或取代氨基;
R3为苯基、取代苯基或苄基;
X为S或S=O;Y为CH或N。
优选地,所述的环烷基为C5-C7环烷基;取代环烷基为取代的C5-C7环烷基;杂环烷基为氧杂或氮杂的C5-C7环烷基;取代杂环烷基为取代的氧杂或氮杂的C5-C7环烷基。
优选地,R1为4-四氢吡喃基、4-羟基环己基或环戊基。
优选地,所述取代烷氧基为叔胺取代的烷氧基,取代氨基为叔胺取代的烷氨基。
优选地,R2为2-(二甲氨基)乙氧基、1-甲基-4-哌啶氧基、4-甲基-1-哌嗪基、4-乙基-1-哌嗪基、N-甲基-N-(2-二甲氨基乙基)氨基或4-二甲氨基-1-哌啶基。
优选地,所述取代苯基为3-氟苯基或4-氟苯基。
所述的2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物的可药用盐,所述可药用盐为盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、硝酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、醋酸盐、富马酸盐、苹果酸盐、柠檬酸盐、酒石酸盐、马来酸盐、乳酸盐、枸橼酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、葡糖酸盐、谷氨酸盐、羟乙磺酸盐、琥珀酸盐或甲磺酸盐。
所述的2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物其可药用盐在制备抗癌药物制剂中的应用。
优选地,所述的抗癌药物制剂为能抑制单突变的EGFR和/或能抑制三突变的EGFR的抗癌药物制剂。
优选地,所述单突变的EGFR为发生L858R突变的EGFR;所述三突变的EGFR为发生L858R/T790M/C797S突变的EGFR。
优选地,所述抗癌药物制剂为片剂、胶囊剂或注射剂,其中每片、每粒或每支制剂中含30~500mg的8-苯硫基或8-苯亚磺酰基或苄硫基-2,9-二取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物或其可药用盐。
优选地,所述抗癌药物制剂还包括辅料,辅料包括稳定剂、增溶剂、润滑剂和崩解剂中的一种或几种。进一步优选地,辅料包括淀粉、糊精、葡萄糖、乳糖、纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、果胶、环糊精、土温-80、聚乙烯醇、硬脂酸镁和滑石粉中的一种或多种。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益的技术效果:
本发明提供的2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物或其盐类化合物具有抑制表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)酪氨酸激酶的活性,对于单突变(L858R)EGFR均有明显的抑制活性,IC50值为纳摩尔级,可用于与EGFR突变相关的癌症的治疗。实验证实该类化合物具有显著的体内抗肿瘤活性。
本发明提供的2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物及其盐类化合物,能够应用于制备抗癌药物制剂,其中每片或粒或支该药物制剂中含有30~500mg。在利用本发明给出的活性化合物制备抗癌药物制剂时,可以将该药物制成片剂、胶囊剂或注射剂。这些药物制剂可按照各种制剂的常规制备工艺制成。对于片剂或胶囊剂,优选的含量为30~300mg。并且本发明涉及的口服制剂中可含有药用辅料,包括添加剂、稳定剂、增溶剂、润滑剂、崩解剂等,如淀粉、糊精、葡萄糖、乳糖、纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、果胶、环糊精、土温-80、聚乙烯醇、硬脂酸镁、滑石粉等。
附图说明
图1为2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物的合成方法。
图2为肿瘤生长曲线(**p<0.01)。
图3为裸鼠体重的变化曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明,所述是对本发明的解释而不是限定。
以下通过本发明的一些代表性化合物的合成过程和活性评价对本发明做进一步说明。代表性化合物的结构式、编号如下。
2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物的合成方法,合成路线如图1所示,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:参考文献(J.Med.Chem.2012,55,10685-10699)合成化合物A,A与二硫化碳、氢氧化钾一起在乙醇/水(10:1)中回流,得到中间体B;
步骤二:在碘化亚酮催化下,中间体B与碘苯在二甲基亚砜中于140℃搅拌24h,可得到产物C,即8-苯硫基-2,9-二取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物;或者,在碳酸钾存在下,中间体B与苄基溴在丙酮中搅拌回流4h,可得到产物D,即8-苄硫基-2,9-二取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物;
步骤三:C在二氯甲烷中经间氯过氧苯甲酸氧化,可得到产物D,即8-苯亚磺酰基-2,9-二取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物。
下面给出上述化合物合成的实施例,化合物的结构经1H NMR表征。
实施例1:2-(4-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)苯氨基)-8-苯硫基-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤(结构式1)的合成:
步骤一:2-(4-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)苯氨基)-8-巯基-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤(B1)的合成
参考文献J.Med.Chem.2012,55,10685-10699制备A1。向100mL茄型瓶中加入A1(0.40g)、二硫化碳(95mg)、氢氧化钾(70mg)、乙醇(20mL)和水(2mL),混合物加热回流3h,减压除去溶剂,残留物硅胶柱色谱分离(二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1),得中间体B1(0.40g),收率90.3%。
步骤二:2-(4-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)苯氨基)-8-苯硫基-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤(结构式1)的合成
向25mL茄型瓶中加入B1(0.20g)、碘苯(80μL)、碘化亚铜(6.7mg)、碳酸钾(0.20g)、1,10-邻菲咯啉(13.0mg)和DMSO(5mL),混合物在氩气保护下,于140℃磁力搅拌24h,冷却至室温,加入25mL二氯甲烷,水洗三次,除去DMSO。有机相减压蒸干,残留物硅胶柱色谱分离(二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1),乙醇重结晶得化合物1(60.3mg),收率56.7%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.70(s,1H,Ar-H),7.58(d,J=8.9Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.50(dd,J=7.9,1.6Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.44–7.31(m,3H,Ar-H),7.29(s,1H,NH),6.98(d,J=9.0Hz,2H,Ar-H),4.72–4.62(m,1H,CH),4.12(dd,J=11.5,4.2Hz,2H,CH×2),3.44(t,J=11.4Hz,2H,CH×2),3.27–3.14(m,4H,CH2×2),2.93(qd,J=12.5,4.5Hz,2H,CH×2),2.69–2.55(m,4H,CH2×2),2.38(s,3H,CH3),1.55(dd,J=12.4,2.5Hz,2H,CH×2).
实施例2:2-(4-(N-甲基-2-二甲氨基乙氨基)苯氨基)-8-苯硫基-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤(结构式2)的合成:
参考文献J.Med.Chem.2012,55,10685-10699制备A2。B2的合成同B1。用B2代替B1合成化合物2,过程同化合物1的合成。收率55.3%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.69(s,1H,Ar-H),7.52(s,1H,Ar-H),7.50(d,J=2.3Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.49–7.47(m,1H,Ar-H),7.41–7.34(m,3H,Ar-H),6.77(d,J=9.0Hz,2H,Ar-H),4.71–4.62(m,1H,CH),4.11(dd,J=11.5,4.2Hz,2H,CH×2),3.48–3.45(m,2H,CH2),3.42(d,J=11.7Hz,2H,CH×2),2.96(s,3H,CH3),2.95–2.86(m,2H,),2.55–2.47(m,2H,CH2),2.31(s,6H,CH3×2),1.55(dd,J=12.4,2.5Hz,2H,CH×2).
实施例3:2-(4-(4-二甲氨基哌啶基)苯氨基)-8-苯硫基-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤(结构式3)的合成:
参考文献J.Med.Chem.2012,55,10685-10699制备A3。B3的合成同B1。用B3代替B1合成化合物3,过程同化合物1的合成。收率51.4%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.70(s,1H,Ar-H),7.57(d,J=9.0Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.49(dd,J=7.9,1.6Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.38(tdd,J=7.0,5.0,1.9Hz,3H,Ar-H),7.31(s,1H,NH),6.98(d,J=9.0Hz,2H,Ar-H),4.66(dd,J=10.1,6.0Hz,1H,CH),4.12(dd,J=11.5,4.2Hz,2H,CH×2),3.68(d,J=12.3Hz,2H,CH×2),3.44(t,J=11.4Hz,2H,CH×2),2.93(td,J=12.4,7.9Hz,2H,CH×2),2.70(td,J=12.1,1.9Hz,2H,CH×2),2.35(s,6H,CH3×2),2.28(dd,J=9.2,5.7Hz,1H,CH),1.95(d,J=12.4Hz,2H,CH×2),1.69(tt,J=12.0,6.1Hz,2H,CH×2),1.55(dd,J=12.4,2.5Hz,2H,CH×2).
实施例4:2-(4-(2-二甲氨基乙氧基)苯氨基)-8-苯硫基-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤(结构式4)的合成:
参考文献J.Med.Chem.2012,55,10685-10699制备A4。B4的合成同B1。用B4代替B1合成化合物4,过程同化合物1的合成。收率60.4%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.70(s,1H,Ar-H),7.57(t,J=6.1Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.50(dd,J=7.9,1.6Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.42–7.32(m,4H,Ar-H,NH),6.95(d,J=8.9Hz,2H,Ar-H),4.66(ddd,J=12.1,7.9,4.2Hz,1H,CH),4.14–4.07(m,4H,CH×4),3.44(t,J=11.6Hz,2H,CH2),2.92(qd,J=12.5,4.5Hz,2H,CH×2),2.75(t,J=5.7Hz,2H,CH2),2.37(s,6H,CH3×2),1.56(dd,J=12.4,2.4Hz,2H,CH×2).
实施例5:2-(2-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-5-吡啶基氨基)-8-苯硫基-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤(结构式5)的合成:
参考文献J.Med.Chem.2012,55,10685-10699制备A5。B5的合成同B1。用B5代替B1合成化合物5,过程同化合物1的合成。收率51.6%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.04(s,1H,Ar-H),8.18(s,1H,NH),7.48(d,J=8.9Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.44(dd,J=7.9,1.6Hz,1H,Ar-H),7.38(m,2H,Ar-H),7.17(d,1H,Ar-H),6.79(d,J=9.0Hz,1H,Ar-H),6.65(d,J=9.0Hz,1H,Ar-H),4.72–4.62(m,1H,CH),4.12(dd,J=11.5,4.2Hz,2H,CH×2),3.44(t,J=11.4Hz,2H,CH×2),3.27–3.14(m,4H,CH2×2),2.93(qd,J=12.5,4.5Hz,2H,CH×2),2.69–2.55(m,4H,CH2×2),2.38(s,3H,CH3),1.55(dd,J=12.4,2.5Hz,2H,CH×2)。
实施例6:2-(4-(2-二甲氨基乙氧基)苯氨基)-8-(3-氟苯硫基)-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤(结构式6)的合成:
化合物6的合成同化合物1,用B4代替B1,3-氟碘苯代替碘苯。收率57.1%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.74(s,1H,Ar-H),7.58(d,J=8.8Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.36(td,J=8.0,5.9Hz,1H,Ar-H),7.29–7.18(m,3H,NH,Ar-H),7.12–7.02(m,1H,Ar-H),6.96(d,J=8.9Hz,2H,Ar-H),4.74–4.60(m,1H,CH),4.13(dd,J=12.1,6.7Hz,4H,CH2,CH×2),3.47(t,J=12.0Hz,2H,CH×2),3.02–2.88(m,2H,CH×2),2.81(t,J=5.5Hz,2H,CH2),2.41(s,6H,CH3×2),1.62(d,J=12.6Hz,2H,CH×2).
实施例7:2-(4-(2-二甲氨基乙氧基)苯氨基)-8-(4-氟苯硫基)-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤(结构式7)的合成:
化合物7的合成同化合物1,用B4代替B1,4-氟碘苯代替碘苯。收率47.2%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.66(s,1H,Ar-H),7.62–7.53(m,4H,Ar-H),7.18(s,1H,NH),7.13(td,J=8.5,1.5Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.00–6.92(m,2H,Ar-H),4.71–4.57(m,1H,CH),4.16(dd,J=11.6,3.9Hz,2H,CH×2),4.10(t,J=5.7Hz,2H,CH2),3.51(t,J=12.0Hz,2H,CH×2),2.95(qd,J=12.4,4.2Hz,2H,CH×2),2.77(t,J=5.6Hz,2H,CH2),2.38(t,J=3.8Hz,6H,CH3×2),1.66(d,J=12.2Hz,2H,CH×2).
实施例8:2-(4-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)苯氨基)-8-苯硫基-9-(1R,4R-4-羟基环己基)-9H-嘌呤(结构式8)的合成
参考文献J.Med.Chem.2012,55,10685-10699制备A8。B8的合成同B1。用B8代替B1合成化合物8,过程同化合物1的合成。收率55.6%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.68(s,1H,Ar-H),7.55(d,J=6.8Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.49(s,2H,Ar-H),7.37(s,4H,Ar-H,NH),6.96(d,J=6.6Hz,2H,Ar-H),4.46(s,1H,CH),3.80(s,1H,CH),3.21(s,4H,CH2×2),2.63(s,4H,CH2×2),2.39(s,3H,CH3),2.14(s,4H,CH2×2),1.67(d,J=9.5Hz,2H,CH×2),1.40(d,J=10.9Hz,2H,CH×2).
实施例9:2-(4-(2-二甲氨基乙氧基)苯氨基)-8-苯硫基-9-环戊基-9H-嘌呤(结构式9)的合成:
参考文献J.Med.Chem.2012,55,10685-10699制备A9。B9的合成同B1。用B9代替B1合成化合物9,过程同化合物1的合成。收率55.7%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.68(s,1H,Ar-H),7.61–7.53(m,2H,Ar-H),7.52–7.45(m,2H,Ar-H),7.38(dt,J=7.6,4.4Hz,4H,Ar-H,NH),6.99–6.89(m,2H,Ar-H),4.96(dd,J=17.3,8.6Hz,1H,CH),4.09(t,J=5.7Hz,2H,CH2),2.77(t,J=5.7Hz,2H,CH2),2.46–2.36(m,8H,CH×2,CH3×2),2.05(d,J=6.0Hz,2H,CH×2),1.89(d,J=8.2Hz,2H,CH×2),1.79–1.61(m,2H,CH×2).
实施例10:2-(4-(2-二甲氨基乙氧基)苯氨基)-8-苯基亚磺酰基-9-环戊基-9H-嘌呤(结构式10)的合成:
向25mL的茄型瓶中加入化合物9(60.4mg),二氯甲烷10mL,搅拌,冰水浴冷却。将85%的间氯过氧苯甲酸(26.1mg)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中,滴加于茄型瓶中,滴毕,混合物于室温搅拌30min,除去二氯甲烷,残留物柱色谱分离得50.1mg,收率80.3%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.64(s,1H,Ar-H),7.69(s,1H,NH),7.55(d,J=8.7Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.50–7.43(m,2H,Ar-H),7.35(q,J=5.1Hz,3H,Ar-H),6.87(d,J=8.8Hz,2H,Ar-H),5.03–4.84(m,1H,CH),4.54(d,J=3.3Hz,2H,CH2),3.70(s,2H,CH2),3.32(s,6H,CH3×2),2.53–2.31(m,2H,CH×2),2.01(s,2H,CH×2),1.88(s,2H,CH×2),1.66(d,J=5.6Hz,2H,CH×2).
实施例11:2-(4-(2-二甲氨基乙氧基)苯氨基)-8-苯基亚磺酰基-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤(结构式11)的合成:
化合物11的合成同化合物10的合成,用化合物4替换化合物9。收率49.3%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.70(s,1H,Ar-H),7.61(d,J=8.8Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.50(d,J=6.3Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.39(d,J=7.0Hz,3H,Ar-H),7.26(s,1H,NH),6.95(d,J=8.7Hz,2H,Ar-H),4.67(t,J=12.0Hz,1H,CH),4.59(s,2H,CH2),4.12(dd,J=11.3,3.5Hz,2H,CH×2),3.78(s,2H,CH×2),3.51–3.26(m,8H,CH2,CH3×2),2.92(tt,J=12.1,6.2Hz,2H,CH×2),1.57(d,J=12.2Hz,2H,CH×2).
实施例12:2-(4-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)苯氨基)-8-苄硫基-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤(结构式12)的合成
向25mL茄型瓶中加入B1(100mg)、丙酮(10mL)、碳酸钾(81mg)和苄基溴(41.1mg),搅拌回流2h,冷却至室温,有机相减压蒸干,残留物硅胶柱色谱分离(二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1),乙醇重结晶得化合物12(70.2mg),收率56.7%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.65(s,1H,Ar-H),7.58(d,J=8.9Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.43(d,J=6.8Hz,2H,Ar-H),7.40–7.29(m,3H,Ar-H),7.27(s,1H,NH),6.98(d,J=8.9Hz,2H,Ar-H),4.59(s,2H,CH2),4.47–4.33(m,1H,CH),4.14(dd,J=11.6,4.1Hz,2H,CH×2),3.49(t,J=11.7Hz,2H,CH×2),3.30–3.18(m,4H,CH2×2),2.89(qd,J=12.5,4.6Hz,2H,CH×2),2.72–2.62(m,4H,CH2×2),2.41(s,3H,CH3),1.70(dd,J=12.5,2.5Hz,2H,CH×2).
实施例13:2-(4-(2-二甲氨基乙氧基)苯氨基)-8-苯硫基-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤盐酸盐(结构式13)的合成:
将化合物4溶解于四氢呋喃,加入1.2倍摩尔量的浓盐酸,密封,混合物于室温度搅拌过夜,抽滤,干燥得化合物12。EI-MS:491.3(M+H+)。
实施例14:2-(4-(2-二甲氨基乙氧基)苯氨基)-8-(4-氟苯硫基)-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤甲磺酸盐(结构式14)的合成
将化合物7溶解于二氯甲烷,加入1.2倍摩尔量的甲磺酸,混合物于室温搅拌过夜,抽滤,干燥得化合物13。EI-MS:508.3(M+H+)。
实施例15:2-(4-(4-二甲氨基-1-哌啶基)苯氨基)-8-苯硫基-9-(2H-4-四氢吡喃基)-9H-嘌呤甲磺酸盐(结构式15)的合成
将化合物3溶解于二氯甲烷,加入1.2倍摩尔量的甲磺酸,混合物于室温搅拌过夜,抽滤,干燥得化合物14。EI-MS:530.5(M+H+)。
实施例16:抑制EGFR-酪氨酸激酶活性的测定
方法:将待测定化合物分别用DMSO溶解配制成10mmol/L的母液,逐级稀释,得到浓度为0.1μmol/L的溶液,并将5μL待测定的不同药物或DMSO分别加入酶反应体系中。酶反应体系的组成为:40mmol/L Tris,pH 7.4,10mmol/L MgCl2,0.1mg/mL BSA,1mmol/L DTT,10μmol/L ATP,EGFR(L858R)25mg/L,底物为0.2mg/mL Poly(Glu,Tyr),反应体系的终体积为50μL,而药物的终浓度为10nmol/L。反应体系置于30℃反应40min后,加入终止液终止反应,并用荧光素酶的方法检测体系内的ATP含量,在MD-SpectraMax M5多功能酶标仪上检测化学发光信号,化学发光信号的强度与反应体系的酶的活性成反比。将检测到的化学发光信号值代入公式:
抑制率=[1-((Lu酶-Lu本底)/Lu药物-Lu本底)]×100%
式中:Lu药物表示给药组,Lu本底表示空白组(不加酶不加药),Lu酶表示溶剂对照组。
实验测定的结果展示在表1中。
表1.化合物在浓度为10nmol/L时对EGFR(L858R)活性的抑制率(%)
同理,用EGFR(L858R/T790M/C797S)代替EGFR(L858R),可测定化合物对EGFR三突变激酶的抑制活性。其中化合物3和7对EGFR三突变的抑制活性较强,在浓度为100nmol/L时对EGFR(L858R/T790M/C797S)活性的抑制率分别为48%和55%。
实施例17:体外抗癌活性的验证
为了验证本发明合成的8-苯硫基或苯亚磺酰基-2,9-二取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物及其盐类的抗癌活性,以AZD9291为阳性对照药物,采用体外MTT法测定了化合物1-14对三种人肺癌细胞HCC827生长抑制作用。
验证方法:将肿瘤细胞HCC827培养在含10%小牛血清的RPMI1640培养基中,内含青霉素有100U·mL-1,链霉素100μg·mL-1,于37℃、5%CO2培养箱中传代培养。取0.25%胰酶消化贴壁的肿瘤细胞,含10%小牛血清的RPMI1640培养液配制细胞悬液,浓度为2.5×104个细胞/毫升。于96孔培养板内每孔接种200μL(约含5000个肿瘤细胞),37℃培养24h。给药组加入不同浓度药物,每药设定0.001、0.01、0.1、1和10μmol·L-1 5个浓度梯度,每组设3个平行孔。对照组加入与药等体积的溶剂,置于37℃、5%CO2培养箱中培养72h后弃去培养液,每孔加入20μL 5mg·mL-1的MTT溶液,孵育4h后,弃去上清液,每孔加入DMSO 200μL,轻度振荡后用酶标仪在490nm下测定光密度值(OD)。结果计算:
以溶剂对照处理的肿瘤细胞为对照组,按照下式求药物对肿瘤细胞的抑制率:
并进一步采用线性回归法求出半数抑制浓度(IC50)。
测定结果显示,见表2。
表2.化合物对HCC827细胞的抗增殖抑性(IC50,μmol·L-1)
文献J.Med.Chem.2012,55,10685-10699报道的活性最好的化合物是9e。但是,9e的CLogP为6.40,水溶性差,成药性差。
化合物9e和本发明公开的化合物对人肺癌细胞HCC827的增殖具有很强抑制活性。但是,本发明将4-四氢吡喃基连接于嘌呤环的9位,提供的化合物具有相对较小Clog值。多个化合物在浓度为10-6mol/L时,对HCC827细胞具有更高的生长抑制率(Emax值),成药性较好。几个代表性化合物与9e及阳性药的对比见表3。
表3的数据显示,本发明提供的化合物与9e和吉非替尼比较,在浓度为10-6mol/L时,具有更高的生长抑制率(Emax值),同时具有较小的ClogP值。根据表3可以发现,本发明提供的化合物3具有更小的ClogP值,具有较小的IC50值,在同等浓度下呈现出更高的生长抑制率(Emax值),即其呈现出更好的成药性,相对于9e取得了显著的进步。
表3.几种化合物对HCC827细胞的活性、分子量和CLog比较(n=6)
实施例18:体内抗癌活性的验证
为了验证本发明提供化合物的体内抗癌活性,我们采用裸鼠HCC827异种移植瘤模型,灌胃给药,考察了化合物3的体内抗癌活性。
验证方法:裸鼠(BALB/c,6周龄),雌性,19-21g,购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司。
将培养好的HCC827细胞,用PBS配制成1×107细胞/mL的细胞悬液,用1mL注射器于每只裸鼠右腋皮下接种0.2mL,即每只裸鼠接种2×106个细胞。接种后第18天,将小鼠随机分为3组,每组6只,分别为:
1)空白对照组(NMP/PEG400/H2O)
2)化合物3低剂量组(1.0mg·kg-1)
3)化合物3高剂量组(5.0mg·kg-1)
将化合物3用NMP/PEG400/H2O(体积比为0.5:5:4.5)溶解,配制成浓度为0.5和0.1mg·mL-1的样品溶液。接种后第19天开始按上述给药方案灌胃给药,一日一次,连续给药14天,给药体积为10mL·kg-1体重。给药当日记为d1,每日给药前记录小鼠体重,每3天测量一次肿瘤体积。
肿瘤体积=a×b2×0.50(a=肿瘤块长;b=肿瘤块宽)
结果:化合物3在剂量为1.0mg·kg-1和5.0mg·kg-1时,对裸鼠体内HCC827移植瘤的生长抑制效果见图2;对裸鼠体重的影响见图3。
结论:本发明提供的化合物3在剂量为5.0mg·kg-1时,灌胃给药,可显著抑制HCC827异种移植瘤的生长。
本发明涉及的8-苯亚磺酰基-2,9-二取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物及其盐类的组合物在制备抗癌药物中的应用,这些应用可以是胶囊剂、口服液或颗粒剂或注射剂。这些制剂可按照各种制剂的常规制备工艺制成,其中有效成分的含量为1-500mg,优选的含量为30-300mg。
本发明涉及的口服制剂中可含有药用辅料,包括稳定剂、增溶剂、润滑剂等,如葡萄糖、乳糖、纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、淀粉、果胶、环糊精、土温-80、聚乙烯醇、硬脂酸镁、滑石粉等。
本发明没有详细叙述的测试方法为本领域内常用的测试方法或现有方法,在此不一一叙述。
以上举例仅仅是对本发明的举例说明,并不构成对本发明的保护范围的限制,尽管用较佳的实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,但本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,在不脱离本发明的范围下可以对本发明进行修改、变形或等同替换,均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
2.权利要求1所述的2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物的可药用盐,其特征在于,所述可药用盐为盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、硝酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、醋酸盐、富马酸盐、苹果酸盐、柠檬酸盐、酒石酸盐、马来酸盐、乳酸盐、枸橼酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、葡糖酸盐、谷氨酸盐、羟乙磺酸盐、琥珀酸盐或甲磺酸盐。
3.权利要求1所述的2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物或权利要求2所述的2,8,9-三取代-9H-嘌呤类化合物的可药用盐在制备抗癌药物制剂中的应用;所述的抗癌药物制剂为能抑制单突变的EGFR和能抑制三突变的EGFR的抗癌药物制剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述单突变的EGFR为发生L858R突变的EGFR;所述三突变的EGFR为发生L858R/T790M/C797S突变的EGFR。
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