CN107854200B - Acetabular side angle measuring device and measuring method in artificial hip joint replacement - Google Patents
Acetabular side angle measuring device and measuring method in artificial hip joint replacement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107854200B CN107854200B CN201711254237.2A CN201711254237A CN107854200B CN 107854200 B CN107854200 B CN 107854200B CN 201711254237 A CN201711254237 A CN 201711254237A CN 107854200 B CN107854200 B CN 107854200B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- main rod
- telescopic main
- angle
- hammer
- degrees
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 210000004394 hip joint Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 210000000588 acetabulum Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 238000011882 arthroplasty Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000003692 ilium Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011540 hip replacement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002758 humerus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010002556 Ankylosing Spondylitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010005949 Bone cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020100 Hip fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012659 Joint disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028851 Necrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010031264 Osteonecrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010048873 Traumatic arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000007327 bone benign neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000020089 femoral neck fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008407 joint function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools for implanting artificial joints
- A61F2/4657—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools for implanting artificial joints
- A61F2/4657—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints
- A61F2002/4668—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for measuring angles
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an acetabular side angle measuring device in artificial hip joint replacement, which comprises a telescopic main rod (1), wherein the front end of the telescopic main rod (1) is provided with a shoulder bracket (2), the middle part of the telescopic main rod is provided with a hip bracket (3), and the tail part of the telescopic main rod is connected with a branch (5) through a forward inclination angle converter (4); the support rod (5) is movably connected with a hammer frame (7) through an abduction angle converter (6), the hammer frame (7) is connected with the abduction angle converter (6) through a chute A (8), and the hammer frame (7) is connected with a prosthetic acetabular hammer (10) through a mounting hammer guide (9). The invention has simple structure, flexible and convenient use, accurate and easy grasp of the required angle value fixation and good reference positioning feasibility with bones, thereby on one hand, the invention can rapidly determine the anteversion angle and the abduction angle of the artificial bones, and on the other hand, the invention can carry out whole-course positioning guidance on the installation and the positioning of the artificial bones, thereby greatly facilitating the development of operation work and improving the operation precision and efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an acetabular side angle measuring device in artificial hip joint replacement, belonging to the technical field of bone joint surgical instruments.
Background
From the 60 s of the last century, artificial joint replacement has gradually progressed in China, becoming a welfare for numerous patients with joint diseases. Taking hip arthroplasty as an example, the preferred indication is osteoarthritis, and other indications are aseptic necrosis of bones (such as femoral head necrosis, etc.), certain hip fractures (such as femoral neck fracture), rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic arthritis, benign and malignant bone tumors, ankylosing spondylitis, etc. in turn, the application is wide. In addition to the aging population of the present day, the number of osteoarthritis patients is on the rising trend, and the number of artificial joint replacement operations performed by hospitals each year is also increasing.
However, there is still room for improvement in hip arthroplasty. In the current hip arthroplasty, the process of loading the femoral head prosthesis into the acetabulum is operated by the experience of an operator, and the operator cannot intuitively see the movement condition of the femoral head prosthesis in the acetabulum, and cannot accurately determine whether the femoral head prosthesis is mounted at a proper position in the acetabulum. If the installation position of the prosthesis is incorrect during replacement, the phenomenon that the movement of a patient is limited or the false joint is dislocated after operation is caused by heavy weight, and if the prosthesis is stressed unevenly for a long time, the abrasion is accelerated, so that the service life of the prosthesis is shortened sharply. In general, successful artificial hip replacement surgery may provide services to patients undergoing artificial hip replacement for 20 years or more; however, if the joint is stressed unevenly for a long time due to the deviation of the installation position, the service life of the artificial hip joint is shortened to 7-8 years or even shorter.
At present, in order to ensure the quality of the recovery of the human joint after the operation, the acetabular angle needs to be measured and determined when the artificial hip joint replacement operation is performed, but due to the lack of a professional positioning measurement tool at present, doctors often connect the joints according to visual inspection and experience during the operation, so that the joint assembly error is extremely large, on one hand, the recovery of the operation joint function is influenced, on the other hand, the phenomenon of loose or even falling off of a prosthesis is easy to occur, or the abrasion of the prosthesis is serious, thereby performing the revision operation, increasing the pain and the economic burden of a patient, simultaneously easily causing various complications at the bones of the human body and seriously influencing the physical health of the patient.
Chinese patent 201420795309X discloses an artificial hip joint replacement acetabulum anteversion angle positioner, which comprises a semicircular protractor, an acetabulum positioning block, a vertical scale, a horizontal scale and a substrate, wherein the semicircular protractor and the horizontal scale are both arranged on the substrate, the horizontal scale is in sliding connection with the substrate, the acetabulum positioning block is in a spherical crown structure and is hinged with the substrate through a connecting rod, the shaft core of the hinge shaft is overlapped with the circle center of the semicircular protractor, the other end of the connecting rod is provided with a pointer, the pointer is in sliding connection with the semicircular protractor, and the vertical scale is embedded on the connecting rod. The locator can only read the forward tilt angle, but in practice, the abduction angle is also required to be measured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an acetabular side angle measuring device and an acetabular side angle measuring method in artificial hip joint replacement, the device is simple in structure, flexible and convenient to use, accurate in required angle value fixation, easy to master, and good in reference positioning feasibility with bones, so that on one hand, the inclination angle and abduction angle of an artificial bone in the acetabulum can be rapidly determined, and on the other hand, the installation and positioning of the artificial bone can be guided in a whole course positioning manner, thereby greatly facilitating the development of operation work, and improving the operation precision and efficiency.
The aim and the main technical problems are achieved by adopting the following technical scheme: an acetabular side angle measuring device in artificial hip joint replacement comprises a telescopic main rod, wherein the front end of the telescopic main rod is provided with a shoulder bracket, the middle part of the telescopic main rod is provided with a hip bracket, and the tail part of the telescopic main rod is connected with a support rod through a forward inclination angle converter; the support rod is movably connected with a hammer frame through an abduction angle converter, the hammer frame is connected with the abduction angle converter through a chute A, and the hammer frame is connected with a prosthetic acetabular hammer through a hammer guider.
The telescopic main rod comprises two sections of cross rods which are sleeved with each other, and the two sections of cross rods which are sleeved with each other are fixed through bolts.
The telescopic main rod is provided with a level bar.
The shoulder support comprises two sections of mutually sleeved cylindrical rods, and the two sections of mutually sleeved cylindrical rods are fixed in a telescopic manner through bolts.
The hip support is connected with the telescopic main rod through a sliding chute B.
The forward inclination angle converter is provided with scale limit of 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees and 30 degrees of forward inclination angle respectively.
The abduction angle converter is provided with scale limit of 40 degrees, 45 degrees and 50 degrees respectively.
The measuring method of the acetabular side angle measuring device in the artificial hip joint replacement comprises the following steps: in acetabular lateral replacement in hip joint replacement, a patient lies on his side, and the connecting line of the anterior upper spine of the two ilium of the patient is perpendicular to the bed surface by adjusting an operating table. After the acetabulum of the patient is exposed and the grinding of the acetabulum is finished, the telescopic main rod is adjusted according to the length of the body of the patient, the shoulder support is arranged on the outer side part of the humerus head, the hip support is arranged on the top of the outer side of the ilium wing, the telescopic main rod is adjusted according to the level bar to enable the telescopic main rod to reach the level, the angle is measured after the preparation, the required forward inclination angle is set by adjusting the axial vertical angle converter, the required abduction angle is set by adjusting the axial horizontal angle converter, the height of the chute is adjustable, and after the angle measurement is finished, the acetabulum prosthesis is accurately installed along the installation hammer guide of the measured angle by using the prosthesis acetabulum installation hammer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects. According to the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, flexible and convenient use, accurate and accurate required angle value fixation, easy grasp and good reference positioning feasibility between bones, so that on one hand, the inclination angle and abduction angle of the artificial bones in the acetabulum can be rapidly determined, and on the other hand, the installation and positioning of the artificial bones can be guided in a whole positioning way, thereby greatly facilitating the development of operation work and improving the operation precision and efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of fig. 1.
The marks in the figure: 1. the device comprises a telescopic main rod, 2, a shoulder support, 3, a hip support, 4, a forward inclination angle converter, 5, a support rod, 6, an abduction angle converter, 7, a guide support, 8, a chute A,9, an installation hammer guide, 10, a prosthetic acetabulum installation hammer, 11, a level bar, 12 and a chute B.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments, structures, features and effects of an acetabular side angle measurement device and a measurement method in artificial hip arthroplasty according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, an acetabular side angle measuring device in artificial hip joint replacement comprises a telescopic main rod 1, wherein the front end of the telescopic main rod 1 is provided with a shoulder bracket 2, the middle part is provided with a hip bracket 3, and the tail part is connected with a support rod 5 through a front inclination angle converter 4; the support rod 5 is movably connected with a hammer frame 7 through an abduction angle transducer 6, the hammer frame 7 is connected with the abduction angle transducer 6 through a chute A8, and the hammer frame 7 is connected with a prosthetic acetabular hammer 10 through a mounting hammer guide 9.
The telescopic main rod 1 comprises two sections of mutually sleeved cross rods, and the two sections of mutually sleeved cross rods are fixed through bolts.
The telescopic main rod 1 is provided with a level bar 11.
The shoulder support 2 comprises two sections of mutually sleeved cylindrical rods, and the two sections of mutually sleeved cylindrical rods are fixed in a telescopic manner through bolts.
The hip support 3 is connected with the telescopic main rod 1 through a chute B12.
The forward inclination angle converter 4 is respectively provided with scale limit of 15 degrees, 20 degrees and 25 degrees of forward inclination angle.
The abduction angle converter 6 is respectively provided with scale limit of 40 degrees, 45 degrees and 50 degrees of abduction angle.
The measuring method of the acetabular side angle measuring device in the artificial hip joint replacement comprises the following steps: in acetabular side replacement in hip joint replacement, the patient lies on one side, and the connecting line of the anterior upper spine of the two ilium of the patient is perpendicular to the bed surface by adjusting an operating bed; after the acetabulum of the patient is exposed and the grinding of the acetabulum is finished, the telescopic main rod is adjusted according to the length of the body of the patient, the shoulder support is arranged on the outer side part of the humerus head, the hip support is arranged on the top of the outer side of the ilium wing, the telescopic main rod is adjusted according to the level bar to enable the telescopic main rod to reach the level, the angle is measured after the preparation, the required forward inclination angle is set by adjusting the axial vertical angle converter, the required abduction angle is set by adjusting the axial horizontal angle converter, the height of the chute is adjustable, and after the angle measurement is finished, the acetabulum prosthesis is accurately installed along the installation hammer guide of the measured angle by using the prosthesis acetabulum installation hammer.
The invention has simple structure, flexible and convenient use, accurate and easy grasp of the required angle value fixation and good reference positioning feasibility with bones, thereby on one hand, the invention can rapidly determine the anteversion angle and the abduction angle of the artificial bones, and on the other hand, the invention can carry out whole-course positioning guidance on the installation and the positioning of the artificial bones, thereby greatly facilitating the development of operation work and improving the operation precision and efficiency.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and variation of the above embodiment according to the technical matter of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An acetabular side angle measuring device in artificial hip joint replacement, which is characterized in that: the telescopic main rod comprises a telescopic main rod (1), wherein a shoulder bracket (2) is arranged at the front end of the telescopic main rod (1), a hip bracket (3) is arranged in the middle of the telescopic main rod, and a support rod (5) is connected with the tail of the telescopic main rod through a forward inclination angle converter (4); the support rod (5) is movably connected with a hammer frame (7) through an abduction angle converter (6), the hammer frame (7) is connected with the abduction angle converter (6) through a chute A (8), and the hammer frame (7) is connected with a prosthetic acetabular hammer (10) through a mounting hammer guide (9);
the telescopic main rod (1) comprises two sections of mutually sleeved cross rods, and the two sections of mutually sleeved cross rods are fixed through bolts;
the telescopic main rod (1) is provided with a level bar (11);
the shoulder support (2) comprises two sections of mutually sleeved cylindrical rods, and the two sections of mutually sleeved cylindrical rods are fixed in a telescopic manner through bolts;
the hip support (3) is connected with the telescopic main rod (1) through a chute B (12);
the front dip angle converter (4) is respectively provided with scale limit of 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees and 30 degrees of front dip angles;
the abduction angle converter (6) is respectively provided with scale limit of 40 degrees, 45 degrees and 50 degrees of abduction angle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711254237.2A CN107854200B (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2017-12-03 | Acetabular side angle measuring device and measuring method in artificial hip joint replacement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711254237.2A CN107854200B (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2017-12-03 | Acetabular side angle measuring device and measuring method in artificial hip joint replacement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107854200A CN107854200A (en) | 2018-03-30 |
| CN107854200B true CN107854200B (en) | 2024-02-13 |
Family
ID=61704797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711254237.2A Active CN107854200B (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2017-12-03 | Acetabular side angle measuring device and measuring method in artificial hip joint replacement |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107854200B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109758207B (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2024-04-23 | 秦壁松 | Double-head bone sled for lower edge of acetabulum |
| CN110169848B (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2024-03-01 | 武汉中西医结合骨科医院(武汉体育学院附属医院) | System for measuring abduction angle and anteversion angle in total hip arthroplasty |
| CN112206081A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 上理检测技术(上海)有限公司 | Acetabulum prosthesis positioner |
| CN112137775A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-29 | 中国医学科学院北京协和医院 | Angle positioning device in hip joint replacement |
| CN115153978A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-10-11 | 可孚医疗科技股份有限公司 | An auxiliary angle calibration device for hip replacement surgery |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3086805B1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2000-09-11 | 悟 矢野 | Hip replacement device |
| JP2002143190A (en) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-05-21 | Kyocera Corp | Installation appliance for acetabular roof component |
| CN1689533A (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-11-02 | 刘尚礼 | Acetabular cup implantation positioning device |
| CN103705292A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2014-04-09 | 德普伊新特斯产品有限责任公司 | Surgical instrument and method of positioning an acetabular prosthetic component |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100794216B1 (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2008-01-11 | 한국과학기술원 | Artificial Hip Acetabular Cup Measuring Device |
| WO2011065378A1 (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-06-03 | 株式会社 レキシー | Preoperative planning program for artificial hip joint replacement surgery and surgery support jig |
-
2017
- 2017-12-03 CN CN201711254237.2A patent/CN107854200B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3086805B1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2000-09-11 | 悟 矢野 | Hip replacement device |
| JP2002143190A (en) * | 2000-11-10 | 2002-05-21 | Kyocera Corp | Installation appliance for acetabular roof component |
| CN1689533A (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-11-02 | 刘尚礼 | Acetabular cup implantation positioning device |
| CN103705292A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2014-04-09 | 德普伊新特斯产品有限责任公司 | Surgical instrument and method of positioning an acetabular prosthetic component |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107854200A (en) | 2018-03-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107854200B (en) | Acetabular side angle measuring device and measuring method in artificial hip joint replacement | |
| US6991655B2 (en) | Computer assisted insertion of an artificial hip joint | |
| EP1545368B1 (en) | Computer-assisted hip replacement surgery | |
| JP6172534B2 (en) | System used for precise prosthesis positioning in hip arthroplasty | |
| JP4865550B2 (en) | Positioning device for a surgical instrument | |
| EP3261586B1 (en) | Device for measuring femur displacement during a surgical procedure to correct a damaged hip | |
| US20090125117A1 (en) | Leg alignment and length measurement in hip replacement surgery | |
| CN110811939B (en) | Acetabular prosthesis positioning device for unilateral hip arthroplasty and positioning method thereof | |
| AU2002246466A1 (en) | Computer assisted insertion of an artifical hip joint | |
| WO2006133573A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for computer-assisted femoral head resurfacing | |
| CN110169848B (en) | System for measuring abduction angle and anteversion angle in total hip arthroplasty | |
| CN107708551A (en) | Femoral head measurement apparatus | |
| CN107802267B (en) | Device and method for measuring femur side anteversion angle in artificial hip joint replacement | |
| CN208464194U (en) | Line of force locator in High Tibial Osteotomy | |
| CN204394515U (en) | A kind of artificial hip joint replacing acetabular anteversion angle localizer | |
| WO2022189892A1 (en) | Instrument | |
| CN208851495U (en) | Femoral lateral anteversion angle measurement device in artificial hip arthroplasty | |
| CN209630087U (en) | A 90° position positioning device for hip joint in lateral position | |
| CN208799301U (en) | Hip joint positioning clamp | |
| CN215937822U (en) | Acetabular cup prosthesis angle positioning device in hip replacement | |
| CN211131560U (en) | Position finder | |
| CN208611051U (en) | Acetabular bone side angle measurement unit in a kind of Replacement of Hip Joint | |
| CN111134915A (en) | Acetabulum driving device with adjustable anteversion angle and abduction angle and using method thereof | |
| CN214951018U (en) | Limb length two-dimensional measuring device in artificial hip joint replacement | |
| Rozis et al. | Femoral stem sagittal balance–do we need a new entry point |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |