CN107785931B - Small-size electric energy management and coordinated control integrated device - Google Patents
Small-size electric energy management and coordinated control integrated device Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 75
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H02J3/383—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H02J3/386—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small-sized integrated device for electric energy management and coordination control, which relates to electric energy management and coordination control of new energy power generation, electric vehicle charging and discharging, battery energy storage and a household indoor power supply network, and belongs to the field of household electric energy control and management of novel electric equipment such as new energy power generation equipment and electric vehicles. An energy management control unit in the device acquires information sent by each AC/DC and DC/DC module and a controller of the AC-DC-AC module in real time. On the basis, the output characteristics of all distributed energy resources are analyzed, the power balance requirements of the power generation side and the demand side are judged in advance, and the energy flow state change among all equipment is evaluated. And then, through optimized scheduling calculation, efficient operation of each module is coordinated and controlled, and effective energy flow is realized. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the stable and safe operation of the whole device and the external power utilization equipment, the power generated by wind power generation and solar power generation is fully utilized, the energy conservation and environmental protection are realized, and the economic benefit is brought to users.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to electric energy management and coordination control of new energy power generation, electric vehicle charging and discharging, battery energy storage and a household indoor power supply network, and belongs to the field of household electric energy control and management of novel electric equipment such as new energy power generation equipment and electric vehicles.
Background
With the development of national economy, the demand for electric power is increasing day by day. In the future global energy internet, a large amount of new energy power generation equipment such as wind energy and solar energy and novel power utilization equipment capable of performing energy bidirectional conversion such as electric automobiles exist. A considerable number of these devices are not centrally managed, and therefore the energy internet must address the problem of operating a large number of distributed power sources in a power distribution grid. The existing micro-grid technology is an effective way for solving the problem, and a large number of distributed power supplies can be effectively accessed through a self-regulation mechanism of the micro-grid, so that the influence on the safe operation of a power distribution network is ensured to be as small as possible, and renewable energy and clean energy can be utilized to the maximum extent.
Patent CN105244909A "a dc microgrid system and grid-connected self-balancing control strategy" discloses a dc microgrid system, which includes multiple distributed power sources. The output end of each distributed power supply is connected to the direct current bus sequentially through the DC/DC converter and the distributed power supply side direct current circuit breaker, and the direct current bus sequentially through the load side direct current circuit breaker and the load DC/DC converter provides electric energy for the intelligent household load.
Patent CN105356576A "a grid-connected photovoltaic direct current micro-grid system and an operation control method thereof" discloses a grid-connected photovoltaic direct current micro-grid system and an operation control method thereof. In the system, a photovoltaic power generation unit is connected to a direct-current bus through a unidirectional DC/DC converter, an energy storage unit and a capacitor are connected to the direct-current bus through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, a commercial power grid side is connected to the direct-current bus through a bidirectional AC/DC converter, and a load is directly connected to the direct-current bus.
Patent CN204376420U "a microgrid energy management control system" discloses a microgrid energy management control system, which has the structure: the photovoltaic array is connected with the direct current bus through a photovoltaic DC/DC, the maximum power tracking device is connected with the photovoltaic DC/DC, the wind power generation device is connected with the direct current bus through a wind power AC/DC, the storage battery and the battery management system are connected with the direct current bus through a DC/DC converter, and the load is connected with the direct current bus.
The related micro-grid building is that each independent circuit breaker, an AC/DC converter, a DC/DC converter, a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, an energy storage unit, an energy management unit, a load, a commercial power grid side and the like are connected in a certain mode, so that the operation of the micro-grid is coordinated and controlled.
The microminiature power grid system taking a family or a building as a power utilization unit usually comprises various power generation and utilization equipment such as photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, electric vehicles and the like, at the moment, the problems of interconnection and cooperative work of various equipment in the system are solved in the mode of the micro power grid, and due to the fact that modules are dispersed and the types and specifications of the equipment are different, the networking process is complex, and the maintenance and the upgrading are not convenient. Meanwhile, the working capacity of coordination and consistency is poor, effective dynamic optimization management cannot be performed on energy flow at a system level, and the operation efficiency is difficult to achieve the optimum.
Considering the application characteristics of the microminiature power grid system: (1) the connection distance between the devices is short; (2) the power of the device is small; (3) the number and kind of connected devices are relatively fixed. Therefore, the small-sized integrated device for power management and coordination control with the plug-and-play interface is more suitable for a microminiature power grid system, and has better practicability and flexibility in a system taking a family or a building as a power utilization unit.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a small-sized integrated device for power management and coordination control with a plug-and-play interface, which solves the technical problems of: (1) the integration level is high, and various connected power generation and power utilization equipment do not need an external independent DC/DC and AC/DC module to be connected with a system; (2) the coordination capability is good, and because each DC/DC module and each AC/DC module are built in the equipment, the DC/DC module and each AC/DC module can exchange information with the main controller in real time, receive and execute energy scheduling commands and the like according to a uniform standard, and have the maximum possible coordination control capability; (3) the access is simple, and this device provides the plug-and-play interface to external equipment, even to non-intelligent equipment, also can connect through simple setting.
The invention relates to a small-sized electric energy management and coordination control integrated device, which comprises: the device comprises an energy management control unit, a high-frequency transformer, a first AC-DC-AC converter, a second AC-DC-AC converter, a first unidirectional DC/DC module, a second unidirectional DC/DC module, a unidirectional AC/DC module, a bidirectional DC/DC module, a direct current bus and an internal information circulation path, wherein the device is externally connected with a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a battery energy storage system, an electric automobile, an alternating current and direct current load or an external alternating current power grid;
the external power grid is connected with a high-frequency transformer through a first AC-DC-AC converter, and the high-frequency transformer is connected with an alternating current load through a second AC-DC-AC converter; the direct current bus is connected with a direct current circuit in a second AC-DC-AC converter, the direct current bus transmits electric energy to a direct current load through a first unidirectional DC/DC module, the wind power generation system transmits electric energy to the direct current bus through the unidirectional AC/DC module, the photovoltaic power generation system transmits electric energy to the direct current bus through a second unidirectional DC/DC module, the direct current bus is connected with the battery energy storage system through a first bidirectional DC/DC module, and the direct current bus is connected with the electric automobile through a second bidirectional DC/DC module; the energy management control unit coordinately controls the operation of each module according to the system operation condition, and each module is provided with a module controller which is responsible for controlling the size and the direction of the energy flow of the module.
Further, the control method of the energy management control unit is as follows:
firstly, safety control;
control of the first and second unidirectional DC/DC modules: when the current of the module reversely flows, the module is overloaded, and the module loses control, the corresponding module is switched off, and the abnormality of the module is displayed;
control of unidirectional AC/DC modules: when the current of the module reversely flows, the module is overloaded, and the module loses control, the corresponding module is switched off, and the abnormality of the module is displayed;
controlling the first and second bidirectional DC/DC modules: when the current flowing through the module is larger than the maximum load current and the module loses control, the corresponding module is turned off, and the abnormality of the module is displayed;
second, module control
The module control is the specific control action carried out by each module under the action of the controller of the module, and the control comprises maximum power tracking control of a unidirectional AC/DC module and a second unidirectional DC/DC module, direct current bus voltage stabilization control of a first bidirectional DC/DC module, power flow control and direct current bus voltage stabilization control of a second bidirectional DC/DC module, direct current bus voltage stabilization control of a bidirectional AC/DC module (consisting of an AC-DC-AC conversion grid-connected side, a high-frequency transformer and an AC-DC-AC conversion user side AC-DC module), power flow control of a bidirectional AC/DC module and AC voltage stabilization control of a unidirectional DC/AC module (a DC-AC module of an AC-DC-AC conversion user side).
Third, the energy management control unit coordinates control
The energy management control unit acquires the working information sent by the controllers of the AC/DC modules, the DC/DC modules and the AC-DC-AC modules and the connection information of the device and external equipment in real time, and then carries out corresponding energy management control according to different conditions.
Further, the specific control method under different conditions is as follows:
connection case 1:
the power grid or equipment connected with the device is as follows: the system comprises a power grid, solar power generation or wind power generation equipment, storage battery energy storage equipment, electric vehicle energy storage equipment and an alternating current/direct current load;
and (3) control strategy: the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module work in a maximum power tracking control mode; the second bidirectional DC/DC module works in a power flow control mode to charge the electric automobile, if the electric energy of the energy storage equipment of the electric automobile is not fully charged, the charging power is set to be a constant positive value, and if not, the charging power is 0; the first bidirectional DC/DC module works in a direct-current bus voltage-stabilizing control mode; the unidirectional DC/AC module works in an AC voltage stabilization control mode; the bidirectional AC/DC module works in a power flow control mode, and the power set values are as follows:
(1) when the battery capacity is between 20% and 90%, and the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the new energy power generation device power generation power is the charge or discharge power that the battery can bear: setting the power flow of the bidirectional AC/DC module to be 0 so as to reduce energy exchange between the micro-grid and the power grid in a family;
(2) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generated by the new energy power generation equipment is small (negative number), the storage battery cannot provide enough discharge power: setting the power flow of the bidirectional AC/DC module to be a positive value (electric energy is transmitted from a power grid to a direct current bus);
(3) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generation power of the new energy power generation equipment is large, the storage battery cannot provide enough charging power: setting the power flow of the bidirectional AC/DC module to be a negative value (electric energy is transmitted from the direct current bus to the power grid);
(4) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is less than 20%, the storage battery is ensured to be in a charging state (energy flows from the direct current bus to the storage battery) when the power of the bidirectional AC/DC module is set;
(5) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is larger than 90%, the storage battery is ensured to be in a discharging state when the power of the bidirectional AC/DC module is set;
connection case 2:
the power grid or equipment connected with the device is as follows: the system comprises a power grid, a storage battery energy storage device, an electric automobile energy storage device and an alternating current and direct current load. The new energy power generation equipment is connected less than the connection condition 1, and the new energy power generation equipment does not generate power or the corresponding module is automatically disconnected;
and (3) control strategy: at the moment, the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module do not work, and the power generation power of the new energy is 0; the other control methods are the same as in connection case 1;
connection case 3:
the power grid or equipment connected with the device is as follows: the system comprises new energy power generation equipment, storage battery energy storage equipment, electric automobile energy storage equipment and an alternating current/direct current load. Less grid connections than connection case 1;
and (3) control strategy:
firstly, setting a one-way AC/DC module and a second one-way DC/DC module to work in a maximum power tracking control mode; the first bidirectional DC/DC module works in a voltage stabilization control mode of the direct current bus. The unidirectional DC/AC module works in an AC voltage stabilization control mode; the second bidirectional DC/DC module works in a power flow control mode, and the setting method of the power flow set value is as follows:
(1) when the battery capacity is between 20% and 90%, and the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the new energy power generation device power generation power is the charge or discharge power that the battery can bear: the second bidirectional DC/DC module power flow is set to 0;
(2) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generated by the new energy power generation equipment is small (negative number), the storage battery cannot provide enough discharge power: the second bidirectional DC/DC module power flow is set to a negative value (electric vehicle discharge);
(3) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generation power of the new energy power generation equipment is large, the storage battery cannot provide enough charging power: the power flow of the second bidirectional DC/DC module is set to be a positive value, if the charging power of the storage battery and the charging power of the electric automobile are set to be maximum values, the power flow still cannot be balanced, the maximum power tracking of the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module of the new energy power generation equipment is stopped, and the power tracking is changed into power balance point tracking;
(4) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is less than 20%, the power flow setting of the second bidirectional DC/DC module is to ensure that the storage battery is not in a discharging state;
(5) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is more than 90%, the power flow of the second bidirectional DC/DC module is set to ensure that the storage battery is not in a charging state, and if the electric quantity of the electric automobile is fully charged at the moment, the maximum power tracking of the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module of the new energy power generation equipment is stopped, and the tracking is changed into power balance point tracking;
connection case 4:
the power grid or equipment connected with the device is as follows: the system comprises a power grid, new energy power generation equipment, electric vehicle energy storage equipment and an alternating current/direct current load. Less battery energy storage devices are connected than in connection case 1, which also pertains to the case where a battery energy storage device failure causes the first bi-directional DC/DC module to disconnect;
and (3) control strategy:
the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module work in a maximum power tracking control mode; the second bidirectional DC/DC module works in a power flow control mode to charge the electric automobile, if the electric energy of the energy storage equipment of the electric automobile is not full, the charging power is a positive value, and if not, the charging power is 0. The unidirectional DC/AC module works in an AC voltage stabilization control mode; the bidirectional AC/DC module works in a direct current bus voltage stabilization control mode.
An energy management control unit in the device acquires information sent by each AC/DC and DC/DC module and a controller of the AC-DC-AC module in real time. On the basis, the output characteristics of all distributed energy resources are analyzed, the power balance requirements of the power generation side and the demand side are judged in advance, and the energy flow state change among all equipment is evaluated. And then, through optimized scheduling calculation, efficient operation of each module is coordinated and controlled, and effective energy flow is realized. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the stable and safe operation of the whole device and the external power utilization equipment, the power generated by wind power generation and solar power generation is fully utilized, the energy conservation and environmental protection are realized, and the economic benefit is brought to users.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a control flow of a maximum power tracking control perturbation detection method for a unidirectional AC/DC module and a unidirectional DC/DC module.
FIG. 3 is a control flow of the bidirectional DC/DC module and the bidirectional AC/DC module operating in the DC bus voltage stabilization control mode.
FIG. 4 is a control flow for the bi-directional DC/DC module and the bi-directional AC/DC module operating in a power flow control mode.
FIG. 5 is a control flow for the unidirectional AC/DC module and the unidirectional DC/DC module operating in the power balance point tracking mode.
Fig. 6 is an inverse maximum power control sub-flow in the equilibrium point tracking control flow.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a general view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention. The figure contains a schematic of the connection of the device to external equipment and to the grid. The control method of the device is implemented as follows:
1. safety control implementation
To ensure the safety of the grid, the device itself and other connected equipment, the highest priority in the device control is safety control. The safety control is as follows:
2. module control implementation
The control of the modules is the specific action carried out by each module under the action of the controller of each module, and the control mainly comprises maximum power tracking control of the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module, direct current bus voltage stabilization control of the first bidirectional DC/DC module, power flow control and direct current bus voltage stabilization control of the second bidirectional DC/DC module, direct current bus voltage stabilization control of the bidirectional AC/DC module, power flow control of the bidirectional AC/DC module and AC voltage stabilization control of the unidirectional DC/AC module.
(1) Maximum power tracking control of a unidirectional AC/DC module and a second unidirectional DC/DC module
In order to fully utilize wind power generation and solar power generation, the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module have a maximum power point tracking function (MPPT). The tracking method adopts a disturbance observation method, and fig. 2 is a control flow of the method.
(2) DC bus regulation control of a first bidirectional DC/DC module
When the device is connected with an energy storage battery, the first bidirectional DC/DC module operates in a direct current bus voltage stabilization control mode under the action of the energy management control unit. In this mode, the energy management control unit sets the dc bus standard voltage and voltage tolerance to the module controller. The module controller detects the voltage of the direct current bus, calculates the difference between the standard voltage of the direct current bus and the detected voltage of the direct current bus, does not adjust if the difference is within the voltage tolerance error range, and adopts PI adjustment if the difference is outside the voltage tolerance error range. The dc bus voltage stabilization control is actually a variable dead-zone PI control, and fig. 3 is a control flow of this mode.
(3) Power flow control and DC bus regulation control of a second bidirectional DC/DC module
The second bidirectional DC/DC module is operable in a power flow control mode under the influence of the energy management control unit. In this mode, the energy management control unit sets the dc bus reference voltage, voltage tolerance, power flow set point and power tolerance to the module controller. And the module controller detects the actual voltage of the direct current bus and the module flowing current and calculates the module power flowing value. Because the module electric energy conversion has energy loss, the power flow values at two ends of the module are different, and the power flow set value and the module power flow value are both the control quantity and the detection quantity connected with one side of the direct current bus.
In order to ensure the voltage stability of the direct current bus, when the voltage difference between the standard voltage of the direct current bus and the actual voltage of the direct current bus is larger than the voltage tolerance, the module is switched to a direct current bus voltage stabilization control mode, and transmits abnormal information to the energy management control unit. When the difference between the standard voltage of the direct current bus and the actual voltage of the direct current bus is smaller than or equal to the voltage tolerance, if the difference between the module power flow set value and the module power flow value is smaller than the power tolerance, no adjustment is performed, otherwise, PI adjustment is adopted. Fig. 4 is a control flowchart of the control mode.
(4) DC bus voltage stabilization control for bidirectional AC/DC module
The bidirectional AC/DC module can operate in a direct current bus voltage stabilization control mode under the action of the energy management control unit, and the bidirectional AC/DC module can play a role in stabilizing the direct current bus. The received control information and control method are the same as the direct current bus voltage stabilization control mode of the bidirectional DC/DC module.
(5) Power flow control for bidirectional AC/DC modules
Likewise, the bi-directional AC/DC module may also operate in a power flow control mode. The control information and control method it receives is similar to the power flow control mode of the bi-directional DC/DC module.
(6) AC regulated control of unidirectional DC/AC module
In this control mode, the energy management control unit sets standard values and errors that are allowable for voltage, frequency, and phase to the module controller. And the unidirectional DC/AC module detects the voltage, frequency and phase of the alternating current, compares the voltage, frequency and phase with a required standard output set value, does not adjust if the difference value of the two is within an allowable error range, and otherwise performs PI adjustment. The method and the principle are similar to those of the voltage stabilization control of the direct current bus, and the voltage, the frequency and the phase of the alternating current end are controlled in a feedback mode instead of the voltage on the direct current bus.
3. Energy management control unit coordinated control implementation
Connection case 1 implementation:
the power grid or equipment connected with the device is as follows: the system comprises a power grid, new energy power generation equipment (solar power generation equipment or wind power generation equipment), storage battery energy storage equipment, electric vehicle energy storage equipment and an alternating current and direct current load.
And (3) control strategy: the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module operate in a maximum power tracking control mode. The second bidirectional DC/DC module works in a power flow control mode to charge the electric automobile, if the electric energy of the energy storage equipment of the electric automobile is not full, the charging power is a positive value, and if not, the charging power is 0. The first bidirectional DC/DC module works in a voltage stabilization control mode of the direct current bus. The unidirectional DC/AC module operates in an AC regulation control mode. The bidirectional AC/DC module works in a power flow control mode with a power set point PSetAC2DCThe specific setting is as follows:
PSetAC2DC≈PRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1-PRealWi-PRealSo
wherein P isRealDCLoadRepresents the actual power consumed by the dc load; pRealACLoadRepresenting the actual power consumed by the ac load; pRealDC2DC2Representing the actual power consumed by charging the electric vehicle; pRealWiRepresenting the actual power of the wind power generation; pRealSoRepresenting the actual power of the solar power generation; pDC2DC1Represents the power of the first bidirectional DC/DC module (positive during charging), which is at a minimum value PDC2DC1Low(negative, indicating maximum discharge power) and a maximum value PDC2DC1Up(positive, indicating the maximum charge power).
(1) When the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generation power of the new energy power generation equipment is the charging or discharging power which can be borne by the storage battery, namely when PDC2DC1Is PDC2DC1LowTo PDC2DC1UpThe right side of the above equation may be zero at a power value in between.
i) When the electric quantity of the storage battery is less than or equal to 20 percent, P is used for preventing the over-discharge of the batteryDC2DC1Can not bePDC2DC1LowTo PDC2DC1UpAny value in between, should be PDC2DC1≥PDC2DC1ChargeIn which P isDC2DC1ChargeCharging power (positive) for slow charging of the battery. At this time PSetAC2DCThe setting of (1) satisfies:
PSetAC2DC≥PRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Charge-PRealWi-PRealSo
in order to reduce energy exchange between the microgrid and an external power grid as much as possible, the following settings can be made:
when P is presentRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Charge-PRealWi-PRealSoWhen 0 is not more than 0, setting:
PSetAC2DC＝0
when P is presentRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Charge-PRealWi-PRealSoWhen the value is more than 0, setting:
PSetAC2DC≈PRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Charge-PRealWi-PRealSo
ii) when the battery capacity is 90% or more, P is added to prevent overcharge of the batteryDC2DC1Can not be PDC2DC1LowTo PDC2DC1UpAny value in between, should be PDC2DC1≤PDC2DC1DischargeIn which P isDC2DC1DischargeIs the discharge power (negative) for slow discharge to the battery. At this time PSetAC2DCThe setting of (1) satisfies:
PSetAC2DC≤PRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Discharge-PRealWi-PRealSo
in order to reduce energy exchange between the microgrid and an external power grid as much as possible, the following settings can be made:
when P is presentRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Discharge-PRealWi-PRealSoWhen the content is more than or equal to 0, setting:
PSetAC2DC＝0
when P is presentRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Discharge-PRealWi-PRealSoWhen the value is less than 0, setting:
PSetAC2DC≈PRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Discharge-PRealWi-PRealSo
iii) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is more than 20% and less than 90%, the storage battery does not need to consider over-charge and over-discharge, PDC2DC1Can take PDC2DC1LowTo PDC2DC1UpAny value in between, when taken as appropriate, the right side of the above equation equals 0. Therefore, the following can be directly arranged:
PSetAC2DC＝0
(2) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generated by the new energy power generation equipment is small (negative number), the storage battery cannot provide enough discharge power, namely:
PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PRealDC2DC2＜PDC2DC1low< 0, so PSetAC2DCIs set as follows:
PSetAC2DC≥PRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Low-PRealWi-PRealSo＞0
i) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is less than or equal to 20 percent, PDC2DC1The set value is more than or equal to 0 to ensure that the storage battery does not discharge any further, and at the moment PSetAC2DCIs set as follows:
PSetAC2DC≈PRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Charge-PRealWi-PRealSoin which P isDC2DC1ChargeCharging power (positive) for slow charging of the battery.
ii) at this time, when the battery capacity is more than 20%, PDC2DC1Can be PDC2DC1LowThe storage battery has maximum workAnd discharging to reduce the power obtained from the power grid. At this time PSetAC2DCThe following settings are set:
PSetAC2DC≈PRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Low-PRealWi-PRealSo
(3) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generation power of the new energy power generation equipment is large, the storage battery cannot provide enough charging power, namely:
PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PRealDC2DC2＞PDC2DC1Up> 0, so PSetAC2DCIs set as follows:
PSetAC2DC≤PRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Up-PRealWi-PRealSo＜0
i) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is more than or equal to 90 percent, PDC2DC1The set value should be less than or equal to 0 to ensure that the storage battery is not further charged, and at the moment PSetAC2DCIs set as follows:
PSetAC2DC≈PRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Discharge-PRealWi-PRealSowherein
Is the discharge power (negative) for slowly discharging the battery.
ii) at this time, when the battery capacity is less than 90%, PDC2DC1Can be PDC2DC1UpThe storage battery is charged with the maximum power so as to reduce the feedback of the new energy power generation to the power grid. At this time PSetAC2DCThe following settings are set:
PSetAC2DC≈PRealDCLoad+PRealACLoad+PRealDC2DC2+PDC2DC1Up-PRealWi-PRealSo
connection case 3 implementation:
the power grid or equipment connected with the device is as follows: the system comprises new energy power generation equipment, storage battery energy storage equipment, electric automobile energy storage equipment and an alternating current/direct current load. The grid is less connected than in connection case 1.
And (3) control strategy:
the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module are firstly set to work in a maximum power tracking control mode. The first bidirectional DC/DC module works in a voltage stabilization control mode of the direct current bus. The unidirectional DC/AC module operates in an AC regulation control mode. The second bidirectional DC/DC module operates in a power flow control mode with a power flow setpoint PSetDC2DC2Setting method and connection case 1 for setting power flow value P of bidirectional AC/DC (for positive indication of electric energy flowing from DC bus into electric vehicle)SetAC2DCSimilarly:
PSetDC2DC2≈PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1in which P isRealWi、PRealSo、PRealDCLoad、PRealACLoadAnd PDC2DC1The meaning is the same as that of the connection case one. Same PDC2DC1Should be located at PDC2DC1Low(negative, indicating maximum discharge power) and a maximum value PDC2DC1Up(positive, indicating the maximum charge power).
(1) When the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generation power of the new energy power generation equipment is the charging or discharging power which can be borne by the storage battery, namely PDC2DC1Get PDC2DC1LowTo PDC2DC1UpIn the case of a certain value, the right expression is 0.
i) When the electric quantity of the storage battery is less than or equal to 20 percent, P is used for preventing the over-discharge of the batteryDC2DC1Can not be PDC2DC1LowTo PDC2DC1UpAny value in between, should be PDC2DC1≥PDC2DC1ChargeIn which P isDC2DC1ChargeCharging power (positive) for slow charging of the battery. At this time PSetDC2DC2Should satisfy the following conditions:
PSetDC2DC2≤PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1Charge
in order to reduce energy exchange between the storage battery and the electric vehicle as much as possible, the following settings can be made:
when P is presentRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1ChargeWhen the content is more than or equal to 0, setting: pSetDC2DC2＝0
When P is presentRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1ChargeWhen the value is less than 0, setting:
PSetDC2DC2≈PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1Charge
ii) when the battery capacity is 90% or more, P is added to prevent overcharge of the batteryDC2DC1Can not be PDC2DC1LowTo PDC2DC1UpAny value in between, should be PDC2DC1≤PDC2DC1DischargeIn which P isDC2DC1DischargeIs the discharge power (negative) for slow discharge to the battery. At this time PSetDC2DC2The setting of (1) satisfies:
PSetDC2DC2≥PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1Discharge
in order to reduce energy exchange between the storage battery and the electric vehicle as much as possible, the following settings can be made:
when P is presentRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1DischargeWhen 0 is not more than 0, setting: pSetDC2DC2＝0
When P is presentRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1DischargeWhen the value is more than 0, setting:
PSetDC2DC2≈PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1Discharge
iii) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is more than 20% and less than 90%, the storage battery does not need to consider over-charge and over-discharge, PDC2DC1Can take PDC2DC1LowTo PDC2DC1UpAny value in between, when taking the appropriate value, upThe right side of the formula is equal to 0, so it can be directly set:
PSetDC2DC2＝0
(2) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generated by the new energy power generation equipment is small (negative number), the storage battery cannot provide enough discharge power, namely:
PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad＜PDC2DC1Low< 0, so PSetDC2DC2The setting of (1) satisfies:
PSetDC2DC2≤PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1Low＜0
i) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is less than or equal to 20 percent, PDC2DC1The set value is more than or equal to 0 to ensure that the storage battery does not discharge any further, and at the moment PSetDC2DC2Is set as follows:
PSetDC2DC2≈PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1Chargein which P isDC2DC1ChargeCharging power (positive) for slow charging of the battery.
ii) at this time, when the battery capacity is more than 20%, PDC2DC1Can be PDC2DC1LowThe battery is discharged at maximum power to reduce the power drawn from the electric vehicle. At this time PSetDC2DC2The following settings are set:
PSetDC2DC2≈PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1Low
(3) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generation power of the new energy power generation equipment is large, the storage battery cannot provide enough charging power, namely:
PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad＞PDC2DC1Up> 0, so PSetDC2DC2The setting of (1) satisfies:
PSetDC2DC2≥PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1Up＞0
i) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is more than or equal to 90 percent, PDC2DC1The set value should be less than or equal to 0 to ensure that the storage battery is not further charged, and at the moment PSetDC2DC2Is set as follows:
PSetDC2DC2≈PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1Dischargein which P isDC2DC1DischargeIs the discharge power (negative) for slowly discharging the battery.
ii) at this time, when the battery capacity is less than 90%, PDC2DC1Can be PDC2DC1UpThe battery is charged at maximum power. At this time PSetDC2DC2The following settings are set:
PSetDC2DC2≈PRealWi+PRealSo-PRealDCLoad-PRealACLoad-PDC2DC1Up。
Claims (2)
1. a small-sized integrated device for power management and coordination control, comprising: the device comprises an energy management control unit, a high-frequency transformer, a first AC-DC-AC converter, a second AC-DC-AC converter, a first unidirectional DC/DC module, a second unidirectional DC/DC module, a unidirectional AC/DC module, a bidirectional DC/DC module, a direct current bus and an internal information circulation path, wherein the device is externally connected with a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a battery energy storage system, an electric automobile, an alternating current and direct current load or an external alternating current power grid;
the external power grid is connected with a high-frequency transformer through a first AC-DC-AC converter, and the high-frequency transformer is connected with an alternating current load through a second AC-DC-AC converter; the direct current bus is connected with a direct current circuit in a second AC-DC-AC converter, the direct current bus transmits electric energy to a direct current load through a first unidirectional DC/DC module, the wind power generation system transmits electric energy to the direct current bus through the unidirectional AC/DC module, the photovoltaic power generation system transmits electric energy to the direct current bus through a second unidirectional DC/DC module, the direct current bus is connected with the battery energy storage system through a first bidirectional DC/DC module, and the direct current bus is connected with the electric automobile through a second bidirectional DC/DC module; the energy management control unit coordinately controls the operation of each module according to the system operation condition, and each module is provided with a module controller which is responsible for controlling the size and the direction of the energy flow of the module;
the specific control method under different conditions comprises the following steps:
connection case 1:
the power grid or equipment connected with the device is as follows: the system comprises a power grid, solar power generation or wind power generation equipment, storage battery energy storage equipment, electric vehicle energy storage equipment and an alternating current/direct current load;
and (3) control strategy: the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module work in a maximum power tracking control mode; the second bidirectional DC/DC module works in a power flow control mode to charge the electric automobile, if the electric energy of the energy storage equipment of the electric automobile is not fully charged, the charging power is set to be a constant positive value, and if not, the charging power is 0; the first bidirectional DC/DC module works in a direct-current bus voltage-stabilizing control mode; the unidirectional DC/AC module works in an AC voltage stabilization control mode; the bidirectional AC/DC module works in a power flow control mode, and the power set values are as follows:
(1) when the battery capacity is between 20% and 90%, and the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the new energy power generation device power generation power is the charge or discharge power that the battery can bear: setting the power flow of the bidirectional AC/DC module to be 0 so as to reduce energy exchange between the micro-grid and the power grid in a family;
(2) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generation power of the new energy power generation equipment is small, the storage battery cannot provide enough discharge power: setting the power flow of the bidirectional AC/DC module to be a positive value;
(3) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generation power of the new energy power generation equipment is large, the storage battery cannot provide enough charging power: setting the power flow of the bidirectional AC/DC module to be a negative value;
(4) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is less than 20%, the storage battery is ensured to be in a charging state when the power of the bidirectional AC/DC module is set;
(5) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is larger than 90%, the storage battery is ensured to be in a discharging state when the power of the bidirectional AC/DC module is set;
connection case 2:
the power grid or equipment connected with the device is as follows: the system comprises a power grid, storage battery energy storage equipment, electric automobile energy storage equipment and an alternating current/direct current load; the new energy power generation equipment is connected less than the connection condition 1, and the new energy power generation equipment does not generate power or the corresponding module is automatically disconnected;
and (3) control strategy: at the moment, the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module do not work, and the power generation power of the new energy is 0; the other control methods are the same as in connection case 1;
connection case 3:
the power grid or equipment connected with the device is as follows: the system comprises new energy power generation equipment, storage battery energy storage equipment, electric automobile energy storage equipment and an alternating current/direct current load; less grid connections than connection case 1;
and (3) control strategy:
firstly, setting a one-way AC/DC module and a second one-way DC/DC module to work in a maximum power tracking control mode; the first bidirectional DC/DC module works in a direct-current bus voltage-stabilizing control mode; the unidirectional DC/AC module works in an AC voltage stabilization control mode; the second bidirectional DC/DC module works in a power flow control mode, and the setting method of the power flow set value is as follows:
(1) when the battery capacity is between 20% and 90%, and the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the new energy power generation device power generation power is the charge or discharge power that the battery can bear: the second bidirectional DC/DC module power flow is set to 0;
(2) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generation power of the new energy power generation equipment is small, the storage battery cannot provide enough discharge power: the second bidirectional DC/DC module power flow is set to a negative value;
(3) when the residual power obtained by subtracting the load consumption power from the power generation power of the new energy power generation equipment is large, the storage battery cannot provide enough charging power: the power flow of the second bidirectional DC/DC module is set to be a positive value, if the charging power of the storage battery and the charging power of the electric automobile are set to be maximum values, the power flow still cannot be balanced, the maximum power tracking of the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module of the new energy power generation equipment is stopped, and the power tracking is changed into power balance point tracking;
(4) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is less than 20%, the power flow setting of the second bidirectional DC/DC module is to ensure that the storage battery is not in a discharging state;
(5) when the electric quantity of the storage battery is more than 90%, the power flow of the second bidirectional DC/DC module is set to ensure that the storage battery is not in a charging state, and if the electric quantity of the electric automobile is fully charged at the moment, the maximum power tracking of the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module of the new energy power generation equipment is stopped, and the tracking is changed into power balance point tracking;
connection case 4:
the power grid or equipment connected with the device is as follows: the system comprises a power grid, new energy power generation equipment, electric vehicle energy storage equipment and an alternating current/direct current load; less battery energy storage devices are connected than in connection case 1, which also pertains to the case where a battery energy storage device failure causes the first bi-directional DC/DC module to disconnect;
and (3) control strategy:
the unidirectional AC/DC module and the second unidirectional DC/DC module work in a maximum power tracking control mode; the second bidirectional DC/DC module works in a power flow control mode to charge the electric automobile, if the electric energy of the electric automobile energy storage equipment is not full, the charging power is a positive value, and if not, the charging power is 0; the unidirectional DC/AC module works in an AC voltage stabilization control mode; the bidirectional AC/DC module works in a direct current bus voltage stabilization control mode.
2. The integrated small power management and coordination control device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control method of said energy management control unit is:
firstly, safety control;
control of the first and second unidirectional DC/DC modules: when the current of the module reversely flows, the module is overloaded, and the module loses control, the corresponding module is switched off, and the abnormality of the module is displayed;
control of unidirectional AC/DC modules: when the current of the module reversely flows, the module is overloaded, and the module loses control, the corresponding module is switched off, and the abnormality of the module is displayed;
controlling the first and second bidirectional DC/DC modules: when the current flowing through the module is larger than the maximum load current and the module loses control, the corresponding module is turned off, and the abnormality of the module is displayed;
second, module control
The control of the modules is the specific control action carried out by each module under the action of the controller of the module, and the control comprises maximum power tracking control of a unidirectional AC/DC module and a second unidirectional DC/DC module, direct current bus voltage stabilization control of a first bidirectional DC/DC module, power flow control and direct current bus voltage stabilization control of a second bidirectional DC/DC module, direct current bus voltage stabilization control of a bidirectional AC/DC module, power flow control of a bidirectional AC/DC module and AC voltage stabilization control of the unidirectional DC/AC module;
third, the energy management control unit coordinates control
The energy management control unit acquires the working information sent by the controllers of the AC/DC modules, the DC/DC modules and the AC-DC-AC modules and the connection information of the device and external equipment in real time, and then carries out corresponding energy management control according to different conditions.
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| WO2020058172A1 (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2020-03-26 | Richter R & W - Steuerungstechnik GmbH | Open-loop/closed loop control system for a power network and open-loop/closed loop control module for an open-loop/closed loop control system for a power network |
| DE202018105317U1 (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-12-18 | Richter R & W - Steuerungstechnik GmbH | Control system for a power grid |
| CN110061519A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-07-26 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of electric energy matrix arrangement applied to distributed energy resource system |
| CN110336309B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-11-17 | 北京交通大学 | Charging pile power improving system and method based on bidirectional energy cache |
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| CN111463807B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2023-01-06 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Distributed direct-current coupling hydrogen production system and control method thereof |
| CN112491083B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-11-11 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Micro-grid structure based on fuel cell and operation control method |
| CN112436546A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-02 | 王捷 | Distributed mixed storage electric energy quality adjusting device and integrated cloud control platform thereof |
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| CN112600231B (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2023-08-15 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | DC micro-grid system oriented to electric automobile and control method thereof |
| CN113315158B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2023-03-24 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | New energy power generation combined battery and gravity energy storage system and method |
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