CN107605475A - Equipment, system and method for formation testing - Google Patents
Equipment, system and method for formation testing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of equipment for formation testing, system and method, belongs to formation testing field.Underground equipment for formation testing includes：Data acquisition device, it is arranged in tubing string, for gathering downhole data；Data processing equipment, it is connected with the data acquisition device, for the downhole data to be converted into wireless signal；And data transmission device, it is arranged in the tubing string, is connected with the data processing equipment, for the wireless signal to be transmitted to ground installation via the electromagnetism passage that the tubing string and stratum form.By downhole data real-time Transmission to ground installation so that engineer can obtain downhole data in real time, and adjust test job system in time according to downhole data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of formation testing, in particular to equipment, a system and a method for formation testing.
Background
Formation testing is to measure the possible oil and gas layers, and a set of special equipment and a method are used for inducing the fluid in the formation to flow into the well and obtaining the related parameters of the fluid by reducing the pressure of a liquid column in the well, so as to obtain the fluid output condition according to the measured related parameters of the fluid.
In the prior art, two test methods, namely an APR casing test and an MFE naked eye test, are available.
Figure 1 shows the tubing string configuration for the APR casing test. As shown in fig. 1, the APR casing test tool is an annulus pressurized type of test tool that can only be used inside casing. The tool is controlled by the annular space pressure during the operations of opening, closing, circulating, sampling and the like after the packer is set. The APR casing test tool has the following characteristics: the method is suitable for testing the harmful gas layer; the full drift diameter is suitable for high-pressure oil and gas wells and ultra-shallow well logging; the method is suitable for testing the highly deviated well; the stratum can be subjected to acid washing or squeezing operation; under the condition that the test string is not moved, the well is opened and closed for many times by applying and releasing the annular pressure, and the operation is convenient and simple. However, the APR casing testing tool can only be used inside the casing because of the need for annular pressurization to effect downhole shut-in and shut-off.
FIG. 2 shows a tubular string configuration for MFE open hole testing. As shown in FIG. 2, the complete set of MFE open hole testing tools control the testing valve to open and close the well by means of lifting and lowering of a drill pipe (or an oil pipe). MFE open hole testing tools can be tested both in casing and in open hole. Compared to the APR casing test tool, the MFE open hole test tool has the following drawbacks: the test in a high-pressure oil and gas well is not easy; the test in the ultra-deep well is not easy to be carried out; the test in a shallow well is not easy; when the test is carried out in an open hole well, the support tail pipe is limited by the test specification and cannot exceed 150m, and the total test time cannot exceed 16 hours; layered cross-bay testing can be achieved in open holes, but the cross-bay length cannot exceed 30m due to the limitation of testing specifications.
In addition, the applicant has found that the ground test tool in the prior art can acquire the downhole data detected during the test period only after the well is shut in, and the operator cannot acquire the downhole data in real time, so that the interpretation of the oil test data is delayed.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an aim of embodiments of the present invention to provide an apparatus, system and method for formation testing that addresses or at least partially addresses the above mentioned technical problems.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a downhole apparatus for formation testing, the apparatus comprising: the data acquisition device is arranged in the tubular column and is used for acquiring underground data; the data processing device is connected with the data acquisition device and used for converting the underground data into wireless signals; and the data transmission device is arranged in the tubular column, is connected with the data processing device and is used for transmitting the wireless signals to surface equipment through an electromagnetic channel formed by the tubular column and the stratum.
Optionally, the data acquisition device comprises: the temperature detection device is used for detecting the formation temperature; and a pressure detection device for detecting formation pressure.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: and the resistivity detection device is used for detecting the resistivity of the downhole fluid.
Optionally, the string comprises an upper string and a lower string, the data acquisition device and the data transmission device are arranged in the lower string, and the apparatus further comprises an insulating nipple arranged between the upper string and the lower string.
Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a surface device for formation testing, where the device includes: a data receiving device for receiving wireless signals transmitted by the downhole equipment; the data processing device is connected with the data receiving device and is used for converting the wireless signals into downhole data; and the controller is connected with the data processing device and used for reading the underground data.
Optionally, the downhole data comprises formation temperature and formation pressure; the controller is further configured to plot a curve based on the formation temperature and the formation pressure; and the equipment also comprises a display device which is connected with the controller and is used for displaying the curve.
Optionally, the controller is further configured to: in the well shut-in stage, judging whether the formation pressure is recovered to the original formation pressure; and controlling the display device to display a well shut-in prompt under the condition that the formation pressure is recovered to the original formation pressure.
Optionally, the downhole data comprises resistivity of downhole fluids; the controller is further configured to determine a property of the downhole fluid based on the resistivity; and the apparatus further comprises a display device connected to the controller for displaying the property of the downhole fluid.
Optionally, the data receiving means comprises an earth insertion antenna for receiving a voltage between the earth insertion antenna and the wellhead string.
Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for formation testing, where the system includes: the downhole apparatus for formation testing described above; and surface equipment for formation testing as described above.
Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for formation testing, the method including: collecting downhole data; converting the downhole data into wireless signals; and transmitting the wireless signal to surface equipment via an electromagnetic channel formed by the pipe string and the formation.
Optionally, the wireless signal is an electromagnetic wave signal, and a frequency range of the electromagnetic wave signal is 2Hz to 10 Hz.
Optionally, in the case that the drilling depth is less than 1000m, the frequency range of the electromagnetic wave signal is 10Hz to 15 Hz; setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal to 6Hz under the condition that the drilling depth ranges from 1000m to 2000 m; and setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal to 3.5Hz in the case that the drilling depth is more than 2000 m.
Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for formation testing, the method including: receiving a wireless signal transmitted by a downhole device; converting the wireless signal into downhole data; and reading the downhole data.
Optionally, the downhole data comprises formation temperature and formation pressure, the method further comprising: drawing a curve according to the formation temperature and the formation pressure; and displaying the curve.
Optionally, the method further comprises: in the well shut-in stage, judging whether the formation pressure is recovered to the original formation pressure; and displaying a well shut-in prompt under the condition that the formation pressure is restored to the original formation pressure.
Optionally, the downhole data comprises resistivity of downhole fluids, the method further comprising: determining a property of the downhole fluid from the resistivity; and displaying a property of the downhole fluid.
By the technical scheme, the underground data is transmitted to the ground equipment in real time, so that an engineer can obtain the underground data in real time and adjust a test working system in time according to the underground data.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a tubular string configuration for an APR casing test;
FIG. 2 shows a tubular string configuration for MFE open hole testing;
FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a downhole apparatus for formation testing according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a gap sub in an embodiment;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the attenuation of electromagnetic wave signals at different transmission depths;
FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a surface facility for formation testing in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a surface system for formation testing in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a surface system for formation testing in accordance with another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for formation testing according to an embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 10 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for formation testing in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a downhole apparatus for formation testing according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 3, embodiments of the present invention provide a downhole apparatus for formation testing, which may include: the data acquisition device 310 is arranged in the pipe column and used for acquiring underground data; the data processing device 320 is connected with the data acquisition device and is used for converting the downhole data into wireless signals; and a data transmission device 330, disposed in the pipe string, connected to the data processing device, for transmitting the wireless signal to surface equipment via an electromagnetic channel formed by the pipe string and the formation. The downhole equipment for formation testing can be suitable for any formation testing tool, such as an APR casing testing tool and an MFE open hole testing tool, downhole data can be transmitted to surface equipment in real time, an engineer can obtain the downhole data in real time, and a testing working system can be adjusted in time according to the downhole data.
Optionally, the pipe column can be divided into an upper pipe column and a lower pipe column, the acquisition device and the data transmission device can be arranged in the lower pipe column, and an insulating short joint can be arranged between the upper pipe column and the lower pipe column. Two transmitting electrodes are required to be formed when an electromagnetic channel for formation testing is established, so that an insulated electrode is formed after a testing pipe column is disconnected.
The data transmission device can be an electromagnetic modulation transmitting device, for example, the data processing device is used for converting the downhole data into electromagnetic wave signals, and the electromagnetic modulation transmitting device can be a pipe column as an antenna. The electromagnetic modulation transmitting device uses the pipe column as an electromagnetic wave wireless communication channel, signal current is uploaded along the pipe column and simultaneously diffuses to surrounding stratum in the uploading process, and therefore a pipe column-stratum electromagnetic channel is formed.
Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a gap sub in an embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, gap sub 40 isolates the pipe string from above and below, thereby forming an electromagnetic wave excited dipole transmitting antenna. Further, between the upper and lower stringsCan set an excitation voltage VTThe excitation current from the anode flows partly up the upper string and the axial current will leak a significant part of the way up into the formation due to the formation conduction. And the leakage current is attracted by the negative electrode and is gathered on the negative electrode of the lower tubular column.
The electromagnetic distribution on the pipe string is related to the formation resistivity and the formation thickness, assuming that the formation resistivity is: ρ 1, ρ 2, ρ 3, … ρ i, … ρ n, the formation thicknesses are: z (1), z (2), z (3), … z (i), … z (n).
The current distribution on the pipe string is:
wherein,i (z) is the intensity of the signal current at point z, I0The maximum amplitude of the signal current at the source point is shown, delta is the skin-seeking coefficient of the stratum, f is the frequency of the signal current, mu is the permeability of the stratum, and rho is the resistivity of the stratum.
The transmission depth of the electromagnetic modulation transmitter is related to the formation resistivity p, which is suitable for formations with resistivity ranging from 10 Ω to 1000 Ω. The depth of transport may be up to 5000m for a suitable formation. In particular, the transmission depth can be estimated from the electromagnetic parameters P:
P＝σμωR2(2)
wherein: σ is the formation conductivity, μ is the formation permeability, ω is the circular frequency and ω is 2 π f, f is the signal current frequency, and R is the transmission radius, which is related to the transmission depth.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the attenuation of electromagnetic wave signals at different transmission depths. As shown in fig. 5, a schematic diagram of attenuation of an electromagnetic wave signal in the case of transmission depths of 1Km, 2Km, and 3Km is shown. As can be seen from the formula (1), the formula (2) and fig. 5, when an electromagnetic wave signal propagates in the formation, the loss is large, the attenuation is fast, and the transmission depth and the transmission rate of the signal are greatly limited, so that the transmission power can be increased by extending an antenna or adding a signal repeater in the actual operation process.
Alternatively, the data processing device may encode, modulate, etc. the downhole data collected by the data collection device. The modulation mode of data is related to the strength of the anti-interference capability of the transmission signal and the reliability of transmission, so that in the actual operation process, a proper modulation mode needs to be selected.
Optionally, the data processing means may comprise a DSP processor, a digital to analog converter and a power amplifier. The data collected by the data collecting device can be transmitted to the DSP processor through the data interface, the DSP processor can encode and modulate the received data, the digital-to-analog converter can convert the data after encoding and modulation into an analog signal, and the power amplifier can amplify the power of the converted analog signal to form a wireless signal.
Changes in the electrical resistance of the formations, particularly the high and low electrical resistances between formations, will severely affect the propagation of electromagnetic waves. The transmission distance of the electromagnetic wave is related to the frequency of the electromagnetic wave used for modulation, in addition to the resistivity of the earth formation. The propagation capacity of electromagnetic waves in the formation is closely related to the electromagnetic wave frequency and the formation resistance. The higher the frequency of the electromagnetic wave, the greater the attenuation, and the lower the frequency of the electromagnetic wave, the longer the transmission distance. However, if the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is too low, the data transmission rate is too slow, and therefore, it is necessary to select an appropriate frequency of the electromagnetic wave.
Alternatively, the frequency of the electromagnetic waves used may be in the range of 2Hz to 10 Hz. Alternatively, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave may also be dynamically adjusted according to the transmission well depth, for example, the well depth within 1000m, and the frequency of the electromagnetic wave may range from 10Hz to 15 Hz. For well depths of 1000m to 2000m, the electromagnetic wave frequency may be set to about 6 Hz. The frequency of the electromagnetic wave can be set to be 3.5Hz at well depths of more than 2000 m.
In addition, mud resistivity also has a large impact on wireless signal transmission. In air drilling, if the contact resistance of the drill bit and the stratum is too large, the problem that the wireless signal cannot be transmitted to the ground through the stratum also occurs, and therefore, the contact resistance of the drill bit and the stratum also should have a proper value.
Optionally, the data transmission device may be provided with an antenna, and the data transmission device may transmit the wireless signal processed by the data processing device through the antenna, and the wireless signal transmitted by the antenna is transmitted to the surface equipment through an electromagnetic channel formed by the pipe column and the formation. The data transmission device can be an electromagnetic modulation transmitting device, for example, and the transmitting power of electromagnetic waves is generally very high, which easily causes short circuit at two ends of the antenna, and an antenna with a certain bandwidth is needed, so that an appropriate antenna with a certain bandwidth can be selected according to needs in the actual use process. In addition, the signal transmission power can be increased by extending the length of the antenna, which can be set according to the circumstances.
Further, the data transmission device may be powered by a power source, which may be, for example, a battery pack or the like. It can be understood that the power required by the electromagnetic wave transmission mode is large, therefore, the capacity of the battery pack will affect the downhole use time of the instrument, and therefore, the appropriate battery pack capacity can be selected according to actual needs.
In one embodiment, the data acquisition device may include a temperature detection device and a pressure detection device for detecting the formation temperature and the formation pressure, respectively. The temperature detection device may be, for example, a temperature sensor, and the pressure detection device may be, for example, a pressure sensor. After being processed into wireless signals by the data processing device, the wireless signals can be transmitted to the ground equipment by the data transmission device, and the ground equipment can process the wireless signals to obtain the formation temperature and the formation pressure, so that an engineer can adjust the working system in real time according to the formation temperature and the formation pressure.
In an embodiment, the data acquisition device may further include a resistivity detection device for detecting the resistivity of the downhole fluid, and after being processed into a wireless signal by the data processing device, the data transmission device may transmit the wireless signal to a surface device, and the surface device may process the wireless signal to obtain the resistivity of the downhole fluid, so that the downhole fluid property may be determined according to the resistivity of the downhole fluid.
FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a surface facility for formation testing in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a surface apparatus for formation testing, which may include: a data receiving means 610 for receiving a wireless signal transmitted by the downhole apparatus; a data processing device 620 connected to the data receiving device for converting the wireless signal into downhole data; and a controller 630 connected to the data processing device for reading the downhole data. The downhole device may be a downhole device for formation testing as provided by any of the embodiments of the invention. The data receiving device 610 receives a wireless signal transmitted by the downhole equipment in real time, the data processing device 620 converts the wireless signal into downhole data in real time, and the controller 630 reads the downhole data in real time, so that an engineer can master test data in real time and can adjust a test working system in time according to the test data.
The surface receiving device may be a safe distance from the wellhead. Optionally, the data receiving means may comprise a ground insertion antenna for receiving a voltage between the ground insertion antenna and the wellhead string.
Alternatively, the data processing means may include a signal amplifier, an analog-digital converter, a DSP processor, and the like. The signal amplifier may amplify the received wireless signals, the analog-to-digital converter may convert the amplified analog signals to digital signals, and the DSP processor may filter, demodulate, and decode the digital signals to form downhole data, which may be transmitted to the controller via the data interface.
In one embodiment, the downhole data may include formation temperature and formation pressure from which the controller may plot in real time curves, which may include pressure-time curves and/or temperature-time curves. Optionally, the surface equipment for formation testing provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further include a display device, and the display device is connected to the controller, and may be configured to display the pressure and temperature curves in real time. The engineer can adjust the test working system on the ground in time according to the pressure and temperature data displayed in real time to obtain more qualified test data.
Alternatively, during the pressure recovery phase of the shut-in phase, the controller may determine in real time whether the read formation pressure has recovered to the original formation pressure. The virgin formation pressure may be pre-measured and stored in the controller. When the formation pressure is restored to the original formation pressure, the controller may control the display device to display a well shut-in prompt, and an engineer may open and close a well according to the well shut-in prompt. In the prior art, a fixed well switching time is usually set to switch the well, and it usually happens that the formation pressure is restored to the original formation pressure, but the set well switching time is not reached, so that the well switching cannot be finished in time. Or it may happen that the formation pressure has not recovered to the original formation pressure and the shut-in time has reached the set shut-in time, which may disqualify the test data logged after shut-in. The embodiment of the invention can prompt an engineer to switch on and off the well by judging whether the formation pressure is recovered to the original formation pressure in real time and reminding the engineer to switch on and off the well under the condition that the formation pressure is recovered to the original formation pressure, so that more qualified test data can be obtained while the oil testing period is effectively controlled.
In an embodiment, the downhole data may further include resistivity of the downhole fluid, and the controller may determine the property of the downhole fluid according to the resistivity, and optionally, the surface equipment for formation testing provided by the embodiment of the invention may further include a display device, which is connected to the controller and may be used for displaying the property of the downhole fluid. By reading the resistivity of the downhole fluid in real time, the properties of the formation fluid can be known at the first time, and a basis is provided for optimizing a test procedure. For example, based on the fluid resistivity, it can be determined whether the test layer is an oil layer, and if it is determined that the test layer is not an oil layer, such as a water layer, a dry layer, etc., the engineer can immediately end the test, thereby greatly shortening the oil testing period. In conventional formation testing processes, fluid properties are determined after the fluid has been lifted to the surface.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a surface system for formation testing, where the system may include: any embodiment of the invention provides downhole equipment for formation testing; and the surface equipment for formation testing provided by any embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 shows a schematic of a surface system for formation testing in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 7, a downhole apparatus 710 for formation testing is disposed within a tubular string, the apparatus 710 may include a probe 711, and a data acquisition device may be disposed within the probe 711 for acquiring downhole data. Optionally, a data processing device may also be arranged within the probe 711. The power source 713 is used for supplying power to the data acquisition device, the data processing device, the data transmission device 712 and the like. The surface equipment 720 for formation testing may include a data receiving device 721, a data processing device (not shown), a controller (not shown), and a ground insertion antenna 722. Wherein the data processing device and the controller may be integrated. Or the functions performed by the data processing apparatus and the controller may be performed using a computer or the like.
FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a surface system for formation testing in accordance with another embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 8, fluid in the downhole formation enters the bottom string 82 through the string screen 81, downhole data is collected by the data collection device 84, processed into wireless signals by the data processing device, and transmitted by the data transmission device 83 via the antenna.
In the event of an increase in well depth, the signal may be enhanced by increasing the downhole transmit power. Or, alternatively, the insulated electrode may be lifted, and specifically, the emitter originally connected to the upper end of the insulated electrode may be led upwards to the upper end of the insulated electrode placed in the pipe string through a wire, that is, the insulated electrode in situ at the bottom of the well is "lifted upwards", and the lifting distance may be equal to the increased transmission well depth. For example, insulated electrodes raised above the armored cable connection may be used.
Alternatively, an extended antenna may be used, for example, the antenna's extended antenna 85 may be disposed within the hanging nipple 86. Specifically, a column of drill pipe may be added to the non-magnetic gap sub 88, which is equivalent to adding a drill string at the lower end of the gap sub, thereby increasing the points of contact with the formation. The contact resistance of the string with the formation is reduced, making it easier for current to be injected into the formation.
Gap sub 88 separates the column into an upper column 89 and a lower column 87, wherein upper column 89 and lower column 87 are insulated from one another. The data acquisition device 84, data transmission device 83 and data processing device are all located in the lower string and are not located below the packer 93. The signal transmitted by the data transmission device 83 is partially transmitted through the tubing string to the wellhead for reception by the data reception device 91, and partially transmitted through the formation for reception by the earth antenna 91.
The patch antenna 91 may also be used to receive a voltage between the patch antenna and the wellhead string, which may be denoted as vrec (x), and vrec (x) may also be considered as the voltage difference between the wellhead and the ground. The voltage vrec (x) is a very weak signal, and the data receiving device 91 may amplify the voltage vrec (x) received by the ground antenna 91, and then the amplified voltage vrec (x) is decoded by the PC 92 to obtain downhole data.
The data receiving device 91 is used for receiving wireless signals transmitted by the downhole equipment, and the PC 92 is used for receiving and processing data transmitted by the data receiving device 91.
The specific operating principles and benefits of the downhole equipment and surface equipment for formation testing included in the surface system for formation testing provided by the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, and will not be described again here.
FIG. 9 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for formation testing in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 9, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for formation testing, which is applicable to the downhole equipment for formation testing provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and specifically, the method may include: step S910, collecting downhole data; step S920, converting the underground data into wireless signals; and step S930, transmitting the wireless signal to surface equipment through an electromagnetic channel formed by the pipe column and the stratum. The underground data is transmitted to the ground equipment in real time, so that an engineer can obtain the underground data in real time and adjust a test working system in time according to the underground data.
The specific working principle and benefits of the method for testing the stratum of the underground equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention are the same as those of the underground equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the detailed description is omitted here.
FIG. 10 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for formation testing in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 10, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for formation testing, which is applicable to the surface equipment for formation testing provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and specifically, the method may include: step S1010, receiving a wireless signal transmitted by downhole equipment; step S1020, converting the wireless signal into downhole data; and step S1030, reading the downhole data. By reading the underground data in real time, an engineer can adjust the test working system in time according to the underground data.
The specific working principle and benefits of the method for testing the stratum of the ground equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention are the same as those of the ground equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the detailed description is omitted here.
In conventional formation testing, it is necessary to draw pressure and temperature curves after the test work is finished, and to obtain production, fluid properties, etc. after the test work is finished. Also, the on-off time is set to a fixed time without adjustment. Data measured during the test period needs to be sent back to the back for well testing interpretation, the effective permeability of the stratum, the stratum coefficient, the skin coefficient, the shaft storage coefficient and the like are calculated and determined, and the interpretation of the oil testing data is delayed. The testing engineer cannot master the downhole pressure, temperature and fluid property at the first time, and further cannot adjust the testing work system on the ground to obtain the targeted formation testing data, so that the testing period may be increased or incomplete data may be obtained.
The equipment, the system and the method for the formation test have wide application prospect, and have the following advantages in specific use:
(1) more types of recorded stratum data
In addition to logging formation pressure, temperature data, formation fluid resistivity may also be logged.
(2) High timeliness
1) By reading the pressure and temperature data in real time, engineers adjust the test working system on the ground in time to obtain more qualified test data, and the method has advanced significance;
2) by reading the resistivity data of the downhole fluid in real time, the properties of the formation fluid can be known at the first time, and a basis is provided for optimizing a test procedure. For example, if a certain test layer is judged to be a water layer and a dry layer from the resistivity value, the test is immediately finished, so that the oil testing period is greatly shortened, and the liquidity can be judged only after the fluid flows to the ground in the traditional formation testing process;
3) real-time test data are timely transmitted to the rear part for well testing explanation, so that the internal condition of an oil reservoir can be known in advance, and the test work of a field testing well is guided more scientifically.
(3) High economical efficiency
Due to the fact that timeliness is strong, well closing time is shortened in time and testing period is shortened through testing data obtained in real time. Or according to the fluid property, the test is ended in advance, and the test period is shortened, so that the test cost is reduced.
At present, most stratum tests adopt a conventional test method, and if the technology provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to field test work, the traditional stratum test method is greatly changed, and the technology has super innovation significance.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention within the technical idea of the embodiments of the present invention, and the simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention do not describe every possible combination.
Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method according to the above embodiments may be implemented by a program, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a single chip, a chip, or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps in the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In addition, any combination of various different implementation manners of the embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the embodiments of the present invention should be considered as disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention as long as the combination does not depart from the spirit of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A downhole apparatus for formation testing, the apparatus comprising:
the data acquisition device is arranged in the tubular column and is used for acquiring underground data;
the data processing device is connected with the data acquisition device and used for converting the underground data into wireless signals; and
and the data transmission device is arranged in the tubular column, is connected with the data processing device and is used for transmitting the wireless signals to surface equipment through an electromagnetic channel formed by the tubular column and the stratum.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition device comprises:
the temperature detection device is used for detecting the formation temperature; and
and the pressure detection device is used for detecting the formation pressure.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
and the resistivity detection device is used for detecting the resistivity of the downhole fluid.
4. The apparatus of claim 1,
the tubular column comprises an upper tubular column and a lower tubular column, the data acquisition device and the data transmission device are arranged in the lower tubular column, and
the equipment also comprises an insulating short joint which is arranged between the upper pipe column and the lower pipe column.
5. A surface apparatus for formation testing, the apparatus comprising:
a data receiving device for receiving wireless signals transmitted by the downhole equipment;
the data processing device is connected with the data receiving device and is used for converting the wireless signals into downhole data; and
and the controller is connected with the data processing device and used for reading the underground data.
6. The apparatus of claim 5,
the downhole data includes formation temperature and formation pressure;
the controller is further configured to plot a curve based on the formation temperature and the formation pressure; and
the device also comprises a display device connected with the controller and used for displaying the curve.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the controller is further configured to:
in the well shut-in stage, judging whether the formation pressure is recovered to the original formation pressure; and
and controlling the display device to display a well shut-in prompt under the condition that the formation pressure is recovered to the original formation pressure.
8. The apparatus of claim 5,
the downhole data comprises resistivity of downhole fluids;
the controller is further configured to determine a property of the downhole fluid based on the resistivity; and
the apparatus also includes a display device coupled to the controller for displaying a property of the downhole fluid.
9. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the data receiving device comprises a ground insertion antenna for receiving a voltage between the ground insertion antenna and the wellhead string.
10. A system for formation testing, the system comprising:
a downhole apparatus for formation testing according to any one of claims 1 to 4; and
surface equipment for formation testing according to any of claims 5 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711024985.1A CN107605475A (en) | 2017-10-27 | 2017-10-27 | Equipment, system and method for formation testing |
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| CN201711024985.1A CN107605475A (en) | 2017-10-27 | 2017-10-27 | Equipment, system and method for formation testing |
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| CN107605475A true CN107605475A (en) | 2018-01-19 |
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| CN201711024985.1A Pending CN107605475A (en) | 2017-10-27 | 2017-10-27 | Equipment, system and method for formation testing |
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Application publication date: 20180119 |