CN107563368A - The High Precision Automatic reading plotter and method of double hand of dial formula instrument - Google Patents
The High Precision Automatic reading plotter and method of double hand of dial formula instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN107563368A CN107563368A CN201710806783.6A CN201710806783A CN107563368A CN 107563368 A CN107563368 A CN 107563368A CN 201710806783 A CN201710806783 A CN 201710806783A CN 107563368 A CN107563368 A CN 107563368A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 29
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of High Precision Automatic reading plotter and method of double hand of dial formula instrument.Described device is with stronger stability and applicability and with higher precision, so as to solving the problems, such as that it is not high that existing readings of pointer type meters method can not be applied to double dial plate instrument, accuracy of reading.Described device includes image capture module, source illumination module and computer disposal display module.Methods described includes the digital picture for obtaining instrument；According to the pointer instrument inner disc external disk graduation mark position pre-entered, graduation mark position in the image currently obtained using the determination of photogrammetric projection equation；Along external disk scale line search external disk pointer position and carry out external disk reading；Along inner disc scale line search inner disc pointer position, exclude outer index and disturb and carry out inner disc reading.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photogrammetric field, is related to a kind of measuring instrumentss reading plotter and method, particularly one kind can be right
Pointer gauge with inner disc, the double dial plates of external disk carries out High Precision Automatic reading plotter and method.
Background technology
Conventional measuring instrumentss generally can be divided into digital instrument and scale-type instrument.Digital instrument directly displays measurement
Numeral, there is the characteristics of use and convenient reading；Scale-type instrument contains the graduation mark or dial for reading, including two big
Class, one kind are to determine reading according to testee and graduation mark, the relative position of dial by representative, user of ruler,
Second class indicates reading with pointer, is referred to as pointer instrument, such as autometer, displacement dial gauge, displacement amesdial etc..
Pointer instrument includes at least one pointer and the scale dial plate corresponding with the pointer, generally by artificial reading, needs basis
The relative position of pointer and scale determines reading and carries out estimating reading.
To solve the shortcomings that readings of pointer type meters is difficult, easily misreads, although prior art, which proposes some, is based on image
The number reading method and device of the pointer instrument of identification,
But for the double hand of dial formula instrument comprising inner disc, external disk commonly used in high-acruracy survey, prior art can not
It is accurate to determine dial plate position.In addition existing method all needs to carry out dial plate location matches after image is obtained every time, determines graduation mark
Position, its reading result is had a great influence with dial plate relative position by camera while also influenceed by illumination condition, therefore estimates reading precision
It is low.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of apparatus and method being used for double High Precision Automatic readings of hand of dial formula instrument.It is described
Device is with stronger stability and applicability and with higher precision, so as to solving existing pointer instrument
Table automatic reading system precision is not high, can not be applied to the problem of double plate instrument.
On the one hand, the High Precision Automatic reading plotter of double hand of dial formula instrument provided by the invention includes：IMAQ
Module, for obtaining instrument dial plate digital picture；Source illumination module, for forming shadowless lighting；Computer disposal shows mould
Block, for image procossing and analysis.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, double hand of dial formula instrument include inner disc and external disk, and with folder
Has fixed position so that the table body of the instrument described in measurement process keeps fixing；Described device includes：
Image capture module, for obtaining instrument dial plate digital picture, described image acquisition module includes varifocal shooting
Head and data line, wherein, the camera is fixed with fixture, so as to keep the camera position in measurement process
Fixed, focal length is put to fix；
Source illumination module, including it is arranged on the white light source near the camera；And
Computer disposal display module, for image procossing and analysis, the computer disposal display module includes main frame
And display screen, wherein the main frame is connected to obtain view data, and by main frame by data wire with image capture module
Portion's program is handled, and then shows reading result by display screen.
On the other hand, the High Precision Automatic number reading method of double hand of dial formula instrument of the invention, including：
Obtain the digital picture of double hand of dial formula instrument；Based on according to the graduation mark position demarcated in advance and acquired
Image in characteristic point position, determine all graduation mark positions in image；Based on shooting gained image retrieval pointer position, and root
Reading shown in pointer is determined according to graduation mark position.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the High Precision Automatic number reading method bag of double hand of dial formula instrument
Include：
Pretreatment：Camera, peace including installing and fixing double hand of dial formula instrument and image capture module
The light source of dress and regulation source illumination module, camera is directed at instrument can clearly shoot dial plate image, and adjust shooting
Head focal length makes gauge pointer and graduation mark in image clear, then obtains the digital picture of the instrument, and by inner disc and external disk
Graduation mark is clicked and records coordinate position；
Demarcation：Multiple calibration points are clicked on image, and record the coordinate position of calibration point；After so completing staking-out work
Need to keep the relative position of camera and instrument constant in order to avoid re-scaling；
Measurement：The dial digital image of instrument is obtained by camera, and based on the meter dial line position demarcated in advance
Characteristic point position in parameter and acquired image, it is determined that all graduation mark positions of dial plate in measurement image；
Reading：Carry out being used for image procossing and analysis by computer disposal display module, including schemed based on shooting gained
Total indicator reading is determined as retrieval pointer position and according to graduation mark position, and is determined according to the outer meter dial pointer position detected
Outer meter dial reading, and then inner meter dial reading is determined according to detection inner meter dial pointer position.
The present invention can determine all quarters based on the graduation mark position demarcated in advance in the digital picture that measurement process obtains
Spend line position.In measurement process, according to characteristic point position in the graduation mark position and acquired image demarcated in advance, it is determined that
All graduation mark positions in image.When calculating reading, first according to the outer meter dial pointer position detected, outer meter dial reading is determined；
And then detect inner meter dial pointer position, determine inner meter dial reading, according to outer meter dial pointer position information in detection process, exclude outer
The interference of the internal dial reading of dial plate.Outer index is considered in methods described to block inner disc, be mistaken for the feelings of interior index
Condition；Methods described can be checked according to external disk reading to inner disc reading.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the reading plotter structural representation according to the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 automatic readings for being made up of in the specific embodiment of the invention dial gauge, camera and computer of description and
System for monitoring displacement.
Fig. 3 describes the number reading method implementing procedure figure according to the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 describes the image that camera obtains in embodiment and each graduation mark position calculated according to characteristic point position.
Fig. 5 describes the reading effect displaying in embodiment, wherein display reading is 3.648mm.
Fig. 6 describes the reading effect displaying in embodiment, wherein display reading is 6.368mm.
Specific implementation method
Explanation is further explained to invention process, the principle of the present invention with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing.Should
When understanding, the invention is not limited in following embodiments about inventing.It is it is also to be understood that used herein
Term is only intended to be described for specific embodiment, rather than for this application claims scope limit
System.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 1 shows a kind of high accuracy of double hand of dial formula instrument certainly
Dynamic reading plotter, wherein, including：
Double hand of dial formula instrument 110, it is fixed using fixture, wherein by taking displacement dial gauge as an example：Allow the survey of dial gauge
Probe contacts measurement target is measured, in measurement process when target has deformation or displacement, percentage meter reading changes；
Image capture module 120, such as the instrument of reading is needed including common manually adjustable camera, its face, its
Middle camera center line is vertical with the dial plate of the instrument, and the position of camera is as needed and adjusting completely to shoot
Dial plate；
Source illumination module 130, such as including the LED light source to emit white light or other white lights being placed near camera
Source, so as to form shadow-free illumination system so that shadow-free influences differentiation and the automatic reading of pointer position in measurement process；
Computer disposal display module 140, comprising display screen and main frame, wherein main frame passes through data wire and IMAQ mould
Block 120 is connected to obtain view data and be handled by main frame internal processes, then exports reading result by display screen.
In a kind of embodiment, the program of automatic reading has been worked out using MATLAB, following function can be achieved：
(1) camera and displacement measuring instrument are fitted together, and it is fixed, by programme-control camera according to specified time interval
Take pictures, and photo is preserved as requested；(2) algorithm of image recognition is utilized, gauge pointer position is read from photo, is read
Dial plate data, automatic reading function is realized, and press specific format data storage.
Below using dial gauge as example, the specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.Described in Fig. 2
For the automatic reading and system for monitoring displacement that are made up of dial gauge, camera and computer, experiment process can be recorded in real time
Middle percentage meter reading.In this measuring system, dial gauge is machinery instrument 210, is measured for a long time with it more stable.But
Up in the long-term measurement of several months if will easily be malfunctioned by manpower reading while can not continuously record data.Therefore make
With the High Precision Automatic frame of reference described in the present embodiment with regard to particularly necessary.
The image capture module 220 of this measurement apparatus by CMOS camera and can the zoom lens of manual focusing form, example
If CMOS camera pixel is 640 × 480 pixels, data reach computer by USB2.0 interfaces.
The source illumination module 230 of this measurement apparatus includes fluorescent tube desk lamp, can be eliminated by adjusting desk lamp position
Ensure instrument dial plate pointer-free shadow, to ensure that shadow does not influence graphical analysis.
The computer disposal display module 240 of this measurement apparatus has USB2.0 interfaces, and IMAQ is obtained by interface
Module acquired image.Possess collection in real time, the function of analysis display in real time.
The High Precision Automatic reading plotter and its part of double hand of dial formula instrument are described above, is situated between in detail below
High Precision Automatic number reading method in the present invention that continues, introduces its implementing procedure and computational methods.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, implementing procedure such as Fig. 3 institutes of the High Precision Automatic number reading method
Show.
Before formally survey measurements is started, two work need to be carried out：Pretreatment and demarcation.Pretreatment work can not be
Measure field is completed, and each instrument only need to be pre-processed once, without repeating this work in measurement afterwards；Measure field
Instrument at that time need to be demarcated, program reads in preprocessed data and nominal data thereafter, you can starts to measure.
The implementing procedure of preprocessing process is as follows：
Fixed instrumentation and camera position, make camera face instrument, regulation camera focal length make gauge pointer in image,
Graduation mark is clear.Coordinate position of each graduation mark on photo is clicked using mouse, graduation mark position is stored in database.
Inner disc, external disk graduation mark are both needed to click.When clicking, only point nearest from disk (the inner disc or external disk) core on graduation mark need to be clicked on
(end points in graduation mark), records its coordinate.Work can utilize program to aid in carrying out above.With range 50mm displacement dial gauge
Exemplified by：Its external disk represents 0.00mm~0.99mm, totally 100 graduation marks, and its inner disc represents 0mm~50mm, totally 50 graduation marks,
150 points need to be selected to represent graduation mark position altogether.External disk coordinate average value a little be external disk core coordinate, inner disc institute is a little
Coordinate average value be inner disc core coordinate.
The implementing procedure of calibration process is as follows：
After measure field completes instrument installation, camera has been directed at dial plate and can clearly shoot dial plate image.Now catch
One image, and 4 calibration points are clicked on image, record its coordinate.For example, for dial gauge, outer ring can be selected to carve
Spend the interior end points of four graduation marks for 0,25,50,75.After completing staking-out work, camera and measuring instrumentss are immovable,
Otherwise need to re-scale；In measurement so afterwards, the relative position of camera and measuring instrumentss is constant.
After the completion of staking-out work, it can be calculated according to the coordinate of four calibration points on demarcation time chart picture in all graduation marks
The coordinate of end points.Computational methods are as follows：
If certain point coordinate on the image of pretreatment stage shooting is (x, y) on dial plate, in the image of calibration phase shooting
Upper coordinate is (x ', y '), then (x, y) meets with (x ', y ')Wherein a, b, c, d,
E, f, g, h are the projective transformation mapping parameters of two images.The coordinate in two images of four calibration points is brought into above-mentioned
Equation can obtain 8 equations, and 8 projective parameter a~h are obtained by solution of equation.Above-mentioned equation is recycled, image when can calculate demarcation
The coordinate of end points in upper each graduation mark, this is also the coordinate of end points in each graduation mark in follow-up measurement process.
The implementing procedure of measurement process is as follows：
By calibration process, the position of current each graduation mark is known.Obtained at that time still through camera in measurement
Dial digital image.The digital picture is analyzed, calculates dial reading.
Might as well assume read instrument try to get to the heart of a matter color be light color, pointer be dark, for image after binaryzation, pointer is black
Color, dial plate background color are white.
External disk pointer position is detected first, if external disk tick marks are 0~N.The digital picture that will be obtained from camera
Two-value turns to black white image, to understand pointer whether between the graduation marks of k~k+1 two, by end points line in the two graduation marks
Point on line segment is uniformly divided into m deciles (m >=20), two-end-point and the common m+1 point of (m-1) individual m Along ents, successively on traversing graph picture
Color corresponding to this m+1 point.If wherein several colors are black, pointer is possible in this regional extent, record
The average coordinates of black color dots, as possible pointer position.According to said method retrieve whether each adjacent graduation mark directly has finger successively
Pin, and record.
External disk is after search complete, if only a region may have pointer, pointer is in this region.If have two it is adjacent
Region may have the pointer position of pointer and record very close to zone boundary, then pointer, will across the region on graduation mark both sides
Make a point from the point of view of the two regions.If have several neighbouring regions may have pointer, if need to carry out one to the situation in these regions
One checks.Check method is：To each possible point, make its line with external disk central point, if the point on line is all black
Color (or black region ratio>P), it is believed that pointer passes through the point；If black region ratio on line<Q, it is believed that pointer is without this
Point, will change the time it is superseded；It is recommended that value p=0.7, q=0.3, to different instrument, the numerical value can be adjusted suitably.
If a unique point can be found, meet the feature of the point on pointer, then according to the phase of the point and adjacent graduation mark
The final reading of the point is determined to position.If unique point (finding 0 or several qualified points), Ke Nengwu can not be found
Method then stores the time chart picture, for manually checking by the normal reading of program.
After completing external disk reading, inner disc reading is carried out.It is still traversal retrieval all adjacent graduation marks of inner disc first, judges
Whether there is pointer between two lines.If there may be the region of pointer>1, whether each point that need to judge to find is on outer index.Row
Except after index, carry out inner disc reading with the mode similar to external disk reading.The special relativeness of outer index and inner disc
Following a few classes can be divided into, following situations need to be considered during index in retrieval, avoid error in reading：
1. external disk inner disc is concentric, outer index is completely superposed with interior index, does not influence inner disc reading now.
2. inner disc and external disk decentraction, outer index and inner disc are tangent or have and intersect on a small quantity.Now outer index is by portion
Region between point inner disc graduation mark, it is possible in traversal be to be found.Now the point being found and outer disk center need to only be connected
Line, calculate black region ratio on line, you can excluded.
3. inner disc and external disk decentraction, outer index pass through inner disc core.It can not now be judged with the method for situation 2, also
The ratio of black region on the line of the point being found in traversal and external disk core need to be examined.
If inner disc reading can not be completed using said process, the time chart picture should be stored, for manually checking.
Complete also to need after external disk and inner disc reading by the contrast of two readings, mutually to verify.With range 50mm displacement percentage
Exemplified by table --- its external disk represents 0.00mm~0.99mm, totally 100 graduation marks, and its inner disc represents 0mm~50mm.If its inner disc
Reading is 8.5 (mm), and external disk reading is 45.0, then according to external disk reading, the numeral after final reading decimal point should be 0.450,
Decimal place with the 8.5 of inner disc reading is more or less the same, can provide final reading for certain --- 8.450mm.If external disk reading
For 99.1, inner disc reading is 7.05, then final reading should be according to both, and by integer to be modified to 6, i.e. reading is 6.991mm.
The reading example effects of the number reading method are shown in Fig. 4, and left figure is the image captured by camera in figure, and right figure is two-value
Change later image, and endpoint location in each graduation mark for calculating of program.Programmed using the above method and carry out reading,
Reading is 49.830mm.More reading effects as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, for example, the reading shown in Fig. 5 is 3.648mm, shown in Fig. 6
Reading be 6.368mm.
Specific description has been carried out for some preferred embodiments in the above specification, and has been carried for illustration purpose
Supplied some ins and outs, however those skilled in the art should be understood that the present invention can have various changes and
More different embodiments, and details described herein can have spirit of the suitable change without departing from the present invention
And purport, so as to which the application scope claimed should be belonged to.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. High Precision Automatic reading plotter of double hand of dial formula instrument, wherein double hand of dial formula instrument are including interior Disk and external disk, and with fixture fixed position so that the table body of the instrument described in measurement process keeps fixing；Described device bag Include：Image capture module, for obtaining instrument dial plate digital picture, described image acquisition module include varifocal camera and Data line, wherein, the camera is fixed with fixture, so as in measurement process the camera position be kept to consolidate Fixed, focal length is fixed；Source illumination module, including it is arranged on the white light source near the camera；AndComputer disposal display module, for image procossing and analysis, the computer disposal display module includes main frame and shown Display screen, wherein the main frame is connected by data wire with image capture module to obtain view data, and pass through journey inside main frame Sequence is handled, and then shows reading result by display screen.
- 2. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the source illumination module is configured to form shadowless lighting, to prevent There is the shade of pointer in described image acquisition module acquired image.
- 3. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the white light source in the source illumination module is LED light source.
- 4. device as claimed in claim 1, fixing by installation and can be used for obtaining in measurement process after calibration process Take the digital picture of double hand of dial formula instrument；Based on according to special in the graduation mark position and acquired image demarcated in advance Sign point position, determines all graduation mark positions in image；Based on shooting gained image retrieval pointer position, and according to graduation mark position Put and determine reading shown in pointer.
- 5. a kind of device by described in claim 1 is used for the High Precision Automatic number reading method of double hand of dial formula instrument, it is wrapped Include：Pretreatment：Including install and fix double hand of dial formula instrument and image capture module camera, installation and The light source of source illumination module is adjusted, camera is directed at instrument can clearly shoot dial plate image, and adjusts camera Jiao Away from making, gauge pointer and graduation mark in image are clear, then obtain the digital picture of the instrument, and by inner disc and outer dial scale Line is clicked and records coordinate position；Demarcation：Multiple calibration points are clicked on image, and record the coordinate position of calibration point；Needed after so completing staking-out work Keep the relative position of camera and instrument constant in order to avoid re-scaling；Measurement：The dial digital image of instrument is obtained by camera, and based on the meter dial line position parameter demarcated in advance And characteristic point position in acquired image, it is determined that all graduation mark positions of dial plate in measurement image；Reading：Carry out being used for image procossing and analysis by computer disposal display module, including based on shooting gained image inspection Rope pointer position simultaneously determines total indicator reading according to graduation mark position, and determines appearance according to the outer meter dial pointer position detected Disk reading, and then inner meter dial reading is determined according to detection inner meter dial pointer position.
- 6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the measurement process includes the outer meter dial pointer position that basis detects, really Determine outer meter dial reading, and then detect inner meter dial pointer position, determine inner meter dial reading, and according to outer meter dial in detection process Pointer position information, exclude the interference of the internal dial reading of outer meter dial.
- 7. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein preprocessing process include, shadow-free illumination system is formed using the light source, So that shadow-free influences differentiation and the automatic reading of pointer position in measurement process.
- 8. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein, based on the pointer instrument graduation mark position parameter demarcated in advance, it is determined that Inner meter dial and outer meter dial graduation mark position in measurement process, in measurement process, according to the graduation mark position and institute demarcated in advance Characteristic point position in the image of acquisition, determine all graduation mark positions in image.
- 9. method as claimed in claim 8, further comprises：According to the outer meter dial pointer position detected, outer meter dial is determined Reading；And then according to the inner meter dial pointer position detected, determine inner meter dial reading, according to appearance index position in detection process Confidence ceases, and excludes the interference of the internal dial reading of outer meter dial.
- 10. method as claimed in claim 9, further comprises：It can be believed in detection process according to outer meter dial pointer position Breath excludes the interference of the internal dial reading of outer meter dial, is included in appearance index and blocks inner meter dial, is mistaken for inner meter dial pointer In the case of, inner disc reading is checked according to outer meter dial reading.
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| CN108596972A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 上海与德科技有限公司 | A kind of light adjusting method, device, intelligent desk lamp and storage medium |
| CN109407664A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-03-01 | 东莞绿邦智能科技有限公司 | A kind of substation's automatic meter reading robot |
| CN109740616A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-05-10 | 山东交通学院 | A method of double pointer meters automatic readings are realized using computer vision |
| CN110796095A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-14 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Instrument template establishing method, terminal equipment and computer storage medium |
| CN112640415A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2021-04-09 | 欧吉斯信息技术有限公司 | Meter reading device, meter reading system and computer program |
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| CN108596972A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 上海与德科技有限公司 | A kind of light adjusting method, device, intelligent desk lamp and storage medium |
| CN112640415A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2021-04-09 | 欧吉斯信息技术有限公司 | Meter reading device, meter reading system and computer program |
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