CN107494088A - Pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area rice shrimp synthesis breeding method - Google Patents
Pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area rice shrimp synthesis breeding method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area rice shrimp to integrate breeding method, this method passes through the transformation and construction to pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area, the selection of freshwater shrimp seed breeding density and specification, the selection and plantation of rice varieties, freshwater shrimp feeding management, rice field manages, freshwater shrimp captures, the research and probe of the key technology step such as rice harvesting, science builds ecological niche, carry out the Ecology synthesis breeding of high-grade rice and freshwater shrimp in the industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area of pond, make full use of space and the prouctiveness in ecological purification area, significantly improve the ecological benefits and economic benefit in ecological purification area, be advantageous to promote the scale application of pond industrialized aquaculture system, fishery industrial transformation is led to upgrade.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, specifically a kind of pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area
Rice shrimp integrates breeding method.
Background technology
Pond industrializes ecological cultivation system, refers to push away with air lift using the water surface construction for accounting for pond area 3%-5%
Water is aerated and the serial tank of collection blowdown equipment is as culture zone (including pushing away pool, cultivation flume, Ji Paiwuqu), is entered in it
Row similar to " batch production " high-density breeding, and will remaining 95%-97% the water surface carry out appropriate reconstruction after as ecology only
Change area (foster Water Functional Zone), biological cleaning processing is carried out to the cultivation tail water for remaining in pond, realizes cultivation tail in the culture-cycle
The zero-emission of water or qualified discharge.
Compared to traditional extensive style pond culture pattern, pond industrialized aquaculture system has the advantage that：1) daily pipe
Reason is convenient, saves labor cost, improves practitioner's Happiness Index, Economization on land and water resource；2) breed variety is lived for a long time
In high dissolved oxygen flowing water, weed survival rate is high, and incubation rate is up to more than 95%, and fish culture in running water, and aquatic products profile is good, vigor
Good, in good taste, the market competitiveness is strong；3) water temperature is lower than big pool bucket temperature in tank, and fish also can be normal in high temperature season
Food and fast-growth；4) efficiency of feed utilization is high, reduces feed coefficient；5) it can realize that multi items, more specification wheels are put, repeatedly catch
Drag for, uniformly listing, reduce the market risk, accelerate capital turnover；6) line monitoring is can be embodied in, promotes the modern times of fish production
Change；7) aquatic products per unit area yield energy consumption can be reduced by pushing away wetting system using gas stripping type oxygenation；8) can effective prevention and control the farming disease harms generation,
The usage amount of fishing medicine input is reduced, improves the security of aquatic product quality；9) cultured fishes 60%-70% is collected in theory
Metabolin and residual bait, promote, to cultivation effective processing of tail water and recycling for breeding water body, effectively to prevent cultivation water
Body eutrophication and pollution problem；10) in the case of without the dry pool, harvesting rate is up to 100%；11) fishery industrial chain is extended
Bar, promote the upgrading of fishery industrial transformation.
At present, many open source literatures being related in terms of fishing is supported in rice field can be found, are related to the synthesis breeding of rice freshwater shrimp
Open source literature it is also more, such as：" a kind of steady grains of CN201610798500.3 increase one season of fishing late rice regrowth hair freshwater shrimp and make breeding combination altogether
Method ", " a kind of steady grains of CN201610799310.3 increase one season of fishing, one batch of freshwater shrimp crop rotation breeding associated methods of late rice ",
" method that CN201410150228.9 rice field ecologies cultivate freshwater shrimp " etc., " ' pond reed rice-freshwater shrimp ' breeding combination technology and effect
Benefit analysis, Jin nation is strong, Chinese rice, 2014,20 (6)：69-70 ", " sleeper fish is raised in the symbiosis of CN103891659A pondfish rice
Method ", " Macrobrachium nipponensis-fishing rice fish pond kind rice system influence each other and breeding configuration, Wang Li, Agriculture of Anhui science,
2016,44 (7)：88-91 ", " Odontobutis obscura ' symbiosis of fish rice ' cultural technique, Chen Fan, science are breeded fish, and 2014,8：36-37 ", " breed fish
Do not change water kind rice not apply fertilizer, Wang Yu, Farmers' Daily, October 26 day the 003rd edition in 2015 ", " cray and high bar rice are the same as pool symbiosis
A foster kind of technology, Min Min, Jiangxi feed, 2017,1：25-27 " etc., by consulting open source literature related to comparative analysis, find this
The claim of technical scheme and present patent application on a little open source literatures has obvious difference, and present patent application has embodied hair
The technological innovation of a person of good sense, based on following reason：First, existing open source literature is consulted less than being related in industrialization pond system ecology
Carry out the method and technology of rice shrimp synthesis breeding in purifying area, present patent application is in pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area
Transformation and construction, the selection of freshwater shrimp seed breeding density and specification, the selection of rice varieties and plantation, freshwater shrimp feeding management,
The creativeness of inventor is embodied in the key technologies such as rice field management, freshwater shrimp capture, rice harvesting；2nd, can find in shrimp
The related open source literature of high bar rice or early rice to the synthesis breeding of shrimp crab is carried out in crab fishing breeding pond, but is difficult to find in freshwater shrimp
The related open source literature of Varieties In Late Rice synthesis breeding, the right of present patent application in carrying out in (cray or river crab) cultivating pool
It is required that compared with relevant open source literature, the selection, Rice Cropping in Rice Cropping kind be connected with the crops for rotation that aquatic product sprout is put in a suitable place to breed,
Rice management and culturist have obvious difference to acceptance of rice shrimp plant breeding model etc.；3rd, support in the rice field found
Open source literature in terms of fishing, the related open source literature of breeding technology is integrated more particularly, to rice freshwater shrimp, mostly concentrates on rice
Field progress rice shrimp makees altogether, rice shrimp rotation system, depth and area accounting, the breeding density of aquatic product sprout and the production of its annular ditch
In amount, the kind key technology such as aquaculture management with fishing breeding pond carry out rice and freshwater shrimp integrate breeding relevant art link have it is bright
Aobvious difference；4th, fishing pattern is supported based on Rice Cropping in rice field, supports the field ditch area accounting one that fishing is supported supplemented by fishing function
As be 10% or so, the main function for having played drought-resistant water-preserving, having regulated the climate；Pond kind rice pattern is based on aquaculture, rice
Supplemented by plantation, the area of annular ditch is generally 30%-40%, using its water storage function, is used as to improve load fishing ability with compensating
The coverage of water in field face, the pond sludge dug out typically accumulate field face and carry out plantation, and therefore, fishing and pond kind rice are supported in kind of a cultivation in rice field
Original intention, plant the uses of cultural technique control measures, output economic benefit on have obvious difference.
Since 2014, fishery technology popularization center of Jiangsu Province continuously assume responsibility for the newly built construction major project of province's aquatic products three
" pond engineering culture system research and demonstration " (D2014-8), " research of pond industrialization ecological cultivation system and demonstration "
(D2015-10), the implementation of " research of pond industrialization ecological cultivation system and demonstration " (D2016-15).It is real by project
Applying to learn：First, the pond industrialized aquaculture system built under the conditions of existing process, there are about 70% or so residual bait, excrement
Just and its in fermentation analyte meeting loss to the ecological purification area of periphery, by water circulation, whole pond can be caused to industrialize
Body eutrophication, algae, which occur, for cultivating system enriches, and water colour deepens, phenomena such as water quality deterioration, dissolved oxygen scarcity, it is clear that
Ground can influence the normal growth of culture zone aquatic products kind, reduce the quality and yield of aquatic products；2nd, applied in current breeding production
Pond industrialized aquaculture system, culture zone area accounting is generally the 3%-5% of its area, and ecological purification area area accounting is
The 95%-97% of its area, the construction cost of the cultivation flume of single cement material, with deep 1.8m-2.0m, long 18m-20m is wide
5m-6m is counted, about 80,000-10 yuans, higher compared to the fund input ability of in general culturist, construction cost；
3rd, from the point of view of the dynamics and consumer demand of current government department supervision fish quality, still can not fully ensure high-quality
The favorable rates of aquatic products with it is brisk for supply and demand, it is expected culturist to ensure fish quality and water ecology benefit, and feel
Ground is abandoned ecological purification area coverage of water and increased income without feeding cultivation to promote production, and its realizability is not strong.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：For technical problem present in existing pond industrialized aquaculture system, carried can not temporarily improve
In the case of high culture zone collection blowdown technological level, innovative thinking, optimization construct one kind can allow culturist voluntarily adopt should
It is easy to large-scale promotion, more complete pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area rice shrimp synthesis breeding method again.
Technical scheme：Pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area rice shrimp of the present invention integrates breeding method, bag
Include following steps：
(1) structure of pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area：Choose 25 mu of -30 mu of cultivating pools and build pond work
Industry cultivating system, it is divided into culture zone and around the ecological purification area of culture zone, wherein, the ecological purification area accounts for pond work
The 95%-97% of the industry cultivating system gross area, the annular ditch as cultivation freshwater shrimp is excavated in the ecological purification area, is dug out
Pond sludge be placed in annular ditch and culture zone joining place is padded, compacting is as the field face for planting rice so that field face area accounts for pond
The 35%-40% of the pool industrialized aquaculture system gross area；
(2) prepare before breeding：Base manure is applied on the field face after smooth, turns over rake mud and smooth, mid-January, pond
The filtration water inlet of industrialized aquaculture system, full pond sterilization is carried out, water body chlorine residue is released after 7d, then using the fat water of biologic ferment；
(3) breeding, management and capture：
1. early Febuary, first batch of freshwater shrimp seed is put in a suitable place to breed, by the ecological purification area face after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
Product, every mu of freshwater shrimp kind 8kg-12kg for putting 700 tails/kg-650 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed, regularly feeds；Since May 30, caught with cage
Obtain freshwater shrimp commercial sized prawn；
2. mid-June, Soil surface water position is kept to take Raising Seedling and Planting Patterns, rice rice seedlings are manually transplanted in 10cm-15cm
Onto field face, late July carries out keeping Soil surface water position in 10cm-15cm after once baking field operation；
3. early July, water body carbon source is supplemented, then puts second batch of freshwater shrimp seed in a suitable place to breed, by the field face face for removing rice cultivation
Ecological purification area area after product, every mu of freshwater shrimp 5kg-5.5kg for putting 5000 tails/kg-4000 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed, does not feed specially；
Before mid-October, freshwater shrimp is captured with cage；
4. rice harvesting：Late October, when rice leaf turns yellow, seed is hardened, reduce pond water level and expose field face, fit
When hand harvest's rice.
In step (1), for pond industrialized aquaculture system, culture zone therein accounts for the 3-5% of the gross area, ecological purification
Area accounts for the 95%-97% of the gross area, and the culture zone can easily be examined according to actual conditions based on cost and production management
Consider, be alternatively provided at the edge of pond industrialized aquaculture system.
In step (1), choose 25 mu -30 mu of pond and build pond industrialized aquaculture system, the culture zone includes number
Individual cultivation flume, each cultivation flume are provided with gas stripping type aerator and collection blowdown apparatus.
Ordinary circumstance, each cultivation water groove depth 1.8m-2.0m, long 18m-20m, wide 5m-6m；Ecological purification area pond is deep
1.2m-1.5m, to pond under dig 0.6m-0.8m deeps circularize ditch, the annular ditch and culture zone are wide, it is smooth after field face and
Cultivation flume 1.1m-1.2m is deeply contour.Ecological purification area bottom of pond matter is clay loam, flat non-leakage, enters discharge outlet bilayer 60
Mesh nylon wire is tied up solid.
The mainly imitative Wild ecological environment of the breeding in the ecological purification area in the technical program, its water body flow rely primarily on
Natural wind blows realization, selects the pond of larger area, it is preferred that in order to further promote the water circulation in annular ditch,
Installation can be selected to push away water dispenser boosting water body in annular ditch to spring up.Furthermore the ordinary water level of culture zone cultivation flume is 1.5m
Left and right, specific to need to be adjusted in good time according to cultivation situation, the rice ordinary water level planted on the face of field is 10cm-15cm.
In step (2), the base manure refers to fermentation poultry dung and compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, and dose is according to field face area, mu
Using 1000kg-1500kg fermentation poultry dungs and 10kg-15kg compound potassium sulfate fertilizers.Wherein, the preparation method of the fermentation poultry dung
For：By weight the wet chicken manure of 55-65 parts, 25-35 parts lump lime, the mixing of 8-12 parts powder of straw, tamped bulk fermentation 7d-
10d and obtain.Most preferably by weight 60 parts of wet chicken manures, 30 parts of lump limes, 10 parts of powder of straw mix, tamped bulk ferments
And obtain.
In step (2), the full pond sterilization refers to every mu with the full pond of bleaching powder 10kg-15kgization water containing effective chlorine 35%
Splash；Water body chlorine residue is released after the 7d and refers to that hydrolyzing malicious product with shield that main component is sodium thiosulfate releases more than water body
Chlorine；Every mu of the ecological purification area applies the fat water of 10kg biologic ferments, except the area of field face.
Step (3) 1. in, the timing of first batch of freshwater shrimp feed, which is fed, to be referred to, when water temperature is higher than 10 DEG C, feed protein content
36%-38%, particle diameter 1.0mm-1.2mm high-quality freshwater shrimp compound feed, it is daily at dusk along ecological purification area Chi Geng edges
Uniformly shed and feed 1 time at shoal, feeding volume is calculated by the 3%-4% of body weight, is advisable with being eaten up in 2.0h-3.0h.Need
It is noted that freshwater shrimp seed does not ingest when being less than 10 DEG C, without feeding.
Step (3) 2. in, the rice varieties are anti-fall from southern round-grained rice 5055, southern round-grained rice 9108, military fortune round-grained rice 30, more light ZL etc.
In property, strong stress resistance, Varieties In Late Rice；Rice rice seedlings are manually transplanted on sakata, the line-spacing of rice seedlings is 22cm-25cm, strain
Away from for 18cm-20cm, duplicate rows rice transplanting, per cave 3-4 seedlings, per 10-12 between-line spacings 35cm-40cm as ventilating duct.
Step (3) 2. in, the roasting field referred to -25 days on the 20th July, reduces pond water level, will be planted on the face of pond field
Rice carry out roasting field operation；After July 26, pond is filtered and intake, water level is maintained at depth of water 10cm-15cm on sakata.
Step (3) 3. in, supplement water body carbon source refers to, by ecological purification area area, every mu with 6kg-8kg brown sugar or Portugal
Grape saccharification water full pool spilling head, it is 120mg/L-200mg/L to make the content of brown sugar or glucose in water body, promotes biological flocculation
Formed.
Step (3) 3. in, the second batch of freshwater shrimp seed put in a suitable place to breed is not fed specially, using the omnivorousness habit of freshwater shrimp, is ingested
Insect that cultivation flume loss is dropped in the residual bait of ecological purification area (particularly annular ditch) with fish faeces, rice leaf, water
Cladocera, Copepods, silk earthworm and the other planktonic organisms enriched in body, and biological flocculation material.
In the present invention, since May 30, first batch of freshwater shrimp commercial sized prawn is captured with cage, to June 30, every mu can catch
Obtain the freshwater shrimp 18kg-22kg that specification is 260 tails/kg-240 tails/kg.Freshwater shrimp capture is to catch to stay greatly small, is captured in batches, in order to carry
The accounting of tall and big standard commodities shrimp.Before mid-October, freshwater shrimp is captured with cage；It is 260 tails/kg-240 that every mu, which can capture specification,
Tail/kg freshwater shrimp commercial sized prawn 25kg-28kg, it is 1000 tails/kg-800 tails/kg freshwater shrimp kinds 5kg-8kg that can capture specification.In October
The last ten-days period, every mu of rice of harvesting can harvest paddy about 350kg, and rice yield presses field face areal calculation.
Situation is harvested according to cultivation flume, the stalk on the face of field is removed, turned over, silt displacement to (staying in right amount in circular groove
Have 10cm-15cm), you can carry out the cultivation measure for the next rounds such as filtration is intake, sterilized, seed is put in a suitable place to breed.
Above-mentioned every mu the freshwater shrimp seed quantity put in a suitable place to breed, the freshwater shrimp yield of aftermentioned capture are by ecological purification area area (field face
Except area) calculate.The inputs such as seed, rice, feed used in the present invention are by commercially available.
Beneficial effect：Present invention optimization has been constructed a kind of can allowing culturist voluntarily adopts application and has been easy to scale
Change pond industrialized aquaculture system promote, more perfect, particular by existing pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology
The transformation of purifying area is raised with construction, the selection of freshwater shrimp seed breeding density and specification, the selection of rice varieties and plantation, freshwater shrimp
What the exploratory development of the key technology schemes such as management, rice field management, freshwater shrimp capture, rice harvesting reached, these technical schemes
Using scientifically constructing ecological niche, take full advantage of space and the prouctiveness in ecological purification area, significantly improve ecological net
Change the ecological benefits and economic benefit in area.
The art of this patent scheme makes public for the first time carries out the synthesis breeding of rice shrimp in industrialization pond system ecology purifying area
Method and technology；The synthesis breeding of Varieties In Late Rice in carrying out in shrimp culture pond is realized first, and is determined suitably
Depth and area accounting, the breeding density of aquatic product sprout and the yield of annular ditch, the key technology such as kind aquaculture management；The application
For pond kind rice pattern based on aquaculture, supplemented by Rice Cropping, the area of annular ditch is generally 30%-40%, utilizes its storage
Water function, which improves, carries fishing ability to compensate the coverage of water with face of tilling land, and the pond sludge dug out accumulation field face is carried out into economic value
Higher Rice Cropping.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of industrialized aquaculture system in pond of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated.The pond work of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3
Industry cultivating system Demonstration Base, pond of comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 in fishery technology popularization center of Jiangsu Province raises
Pool industrialized aquaculture system is in Zhengjiang City Dantu District with hair aquaculture Co., Ltd cultivation base；Seedling used in embodiment
The inputs such as kind, rice, feed can obtain by commercially available purchase.
Embodiment 1
A kind of pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area rice shrimp integrates breeding method, comprises the following steps：
(1) the purifying area irrigation facility construction of pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology is with preparing：
28 mu of the area of pond industrialized aquaculture system, culture zone (include 3 cultivation flumes, each cultivation flume is all provided with
Have 1 gas stripping type aerator, 12 bottom oxygen increasing tubes, collection blowdown apparatus is that 3 tanks share) to account for pond industrialized aquaculture system total
The 5% of area, each cultivation water groove depth 2.0m, long 22m, wide 6m, 3 cultivation flumes put grass in a suitable place to breed according to conventional cultivation method respectively
Fish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, perch；Ecological purification area accounts for the 95% of the pond industrialized aquaculture system gross area, pond depth 1.5m, and substrate is viscous earth
Soil, it is flat non-leakage, enter discharge outlet tied up with double-deck 60 mesh nylon wires it is solid；
On the outside of along cultivation flume collection blowdown area, the annular ditch as cultivation freshwater shrimp wide with cultivation flume, Xiang Chi are excavated
Lower digging 0.8m is deep, the joining place that the pond sludge dug out is placed in annular ditch and culture zone is padded, compacting as the field face for planting rice, make
Obtain field face area and account for the 40% of the pond industrialized aquaculture system gross area；Field face and cultivation flume 1.2m after smooth is deeply contour；
(the pond industrialized aquaculture system built is integrally as shown in Figure 1)；
(2) prepare before breeding：
According to field face area, using fermentation poultry dung, the potassium sulfate of 13kg/ mus of 1300kg/ mus on the field face after smooth
Rake mud and smooth is turned over as base manure by composite fertilizer；Fermentation poultry dung by weight 60 parts of wet chicken manures, 30 parts of lump limes, 10 parts
Powder of straw mix, tamped bulk fermentation 7d and obtain；
January 18, the filtration water inlet of pond industrialized aquaculture system, to water level, 12cm, every mu of use contain effective chlorine on sakata
35% bleaching powder 12kgization water full pool spilling head, after 7d, with removing toxic substances shield water, precious (principal component is sodium thiosulfate, and Xiamen adds Feng Sheng
Thing Science and Technology Ltd. product) release water body chlorine residue；
Apply the fat water of 10kg " Jin Nannong " board biologic ferment in every mu of ecological purification area (except the area of field face)；
(3) breeding, management and capture：
1. 16 days 2 months, first batch of freshwater shrimp seed is put in a suitable place to breed, by the ecological purification area face after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
Product, every mu of freshwater shrimp kind 12kg for putting 700 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed, (12 DEG C of water temperature) starts to feed protein content 38%, particle diameter within 24 days 2 months
1.2mm high-quality freshwater shrimp compound feed, daily uniformly shed along ecological purification area Chi Geng edges shoal at dusk feed 1
It is secondary, have no residual feed on bait food platform after mu feeding volume 0.5kg, 3.0h；Since May 30, freshwater shrimp business is captured with cage
Product shrimp；
2. June 16, Soil surface water position is maintained at 13cm, takes Raising Seedling and Planting Patterns, rice rice seedlings are manually transplanted to field
On face, the line-spacings of rice seedlings is 25cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, duplicate rows rice transplanting, and per the seedling of cave 4, every 12 between-line spacing 35cm is as ventilating duct；Choosing
Rice varieties are southern round-grained rice 5055；- 25 days on the 20th July, pond water level is reduced, exposes field face, will be planted on the sakata of pond
Rice carry out roasting field operation；After July 26, pond is filtered and intake, water level is maintained at depth of water 15cm on sakata；
3. July 12, by ecological purification area area, every mu with 6kg brown sugar or glucosylation water full pool spilling head, is supplemented water
Body carbon source, biological flocculation is promoted to be formed；Then second batch of freshwater shrimp seed is put in a suitable place to breed, by the life after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
State purifying area area, every mu of freshwater shrimp 5kg for putting 5000 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed, does not feed specially, using the omnivorousness habit of freshwater shrimp, takes the photograph
The branch that food cultivation flume loss is enriched in insect that residual bait and fish faeces, the rice leaf in ecological purification area drop, water body
Angle class, Copepods, silk earthworm and other planktonic organisms, and biological flocculation material；Between -20 days on the 1st October, captured with cage
Freshwater shrimp；
4. rice harvesting：October 28, hand harvest's rice.
Overall merit, the yield and the output value in ecological purification area：
(1) overall merit：
1. after the above-mentioned transformation breeding to ecological purification area, circular groove is excavated in ecological purification area, is escaped except being advantageous to collect
Dissipate the load fishing amount and water body in residual bait and fish faeces outside cultivation flume Ji Paiwuqu, being also beneficial to increase ecological purification area water body
Circulate.
2. the present invention utilizes the omnivorousness habit of freshwater shrimp, residual bait and fish of the cultivation flume loss of ingesting in ecological purification area
Cladocera, Copepods, silk earthworm and the other planktonic organisms enriched in insect that excrement, rice leaf drop, water body, Yi Jisheng
Thing floc sedimentation material；The present invention by launching the freshwater shrimp seed of Suitable Density and specification, carry out spring, two batches of freshwater shrimps of autumn it is bionical
State cultivates, although when first batch of freshwater shrimp (spring stubble shrimp) cultivates, has fed pellet, because cultivation water temperature early stage is low, tank
Residual bait and fish faeces of the culture zone collection blowdown area loss to ecological purification area are few, and load fishing amount in ecological purification area is few in addition, sakata
The fertilizer efficiency release of base manure is slow, and planktonic organism amount is few in water body, feeds the high-quality pellet of appropriate freshwater shrimp to ecological purification area water
Body feeds the needs that cultivation meets freshwater shrimp fast-growth, has done sth. in advance the listing opportunity of commodity freshwater shrimp, carried almost without bad interference
The high yield and accounting of big standard commodities freshwater shrimp, price are high；The fine quality rice of plantation, as emergent aquactic plant, except conversion
Outside ammonia nitrogen, nitrite in reduction water body, nutritive salt (residual bait, fish and the loach excrement such as the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium of water body are also absorbed
Fermentation, base manure), improve the substrate and water quality in ecological purification area pond；The planktonic algae trans-utilization of ecological purification area water body
The elements such as Water, phosphorus, potassium, feeding of zooplankton planktonic algae；The breeding binding pattern in ecological purification area realizes benign
Material circulation, improve the microcirculation ability and self-purification capacity of water body.
3. the megathermal period because sakata rice leaf blocks strong light, annular ditch depth water storage plus excavation and circulates, open
The pond industrialized aquaculture system surface temperature for opening up the rice shrimp synthesis breeding of ecological purification area is normal significantly lower than adjacent same pond depth
1.8 DEG C -2.2 DEG C of the surface temperature of cultivating pool is advised, promotes fish fast-growth in cultivation flume, effectively prevention cultivation disease
Harmful generation.
To sum up, the synthesis breeding of rice shrimp is carried out in ecological purification area, used technical scheme is ecological net except significantly increasing
Change area ecological benefits and economic benefit, also make the cultured fishes of tank culture zone the speed of growth, cost efficiency, product safety,
Have a clear superiority on traction, price etc., therefore ensured whole pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology benefit
Well, remarkable in economical benefits.
(2) ecological purification area pond nitrogen content, phosphorus content：
Detection method：Water body total phosphorus determination is performed by ammonium molybdate spectrophotometric method GB/T11893-1989, and determination of total nitrogen content is pressed
Alkaline chitinase resolution ultraviolet spectrophotometry HJ 636-2012 are performed.According to the timing node of setting, pond at 5 is taken at random
Water carries out nitrogen and phosphorus content measure, and measurement result is as follows：
| Minute | Water body total nitrogen (mg/L) | Water body total phosphorus (mg/L) |
| May 15 | 2.364 | 0.280 |
| June 15 | 0.920 | 0.093 |
| July 15 | 0.560 | 0.060 |
| August 15 days | 0.420 | 0.042 |
| September 15 days | 0.359 | 0.045 |
| October 15 | 0.432 | 0.039 |
It can be seen from measurement result, absorption cleaning significant effect of the kind rice to ecological purification area nitrogen, phosphorus.
(3) ecological purification area economic benefit significantly improves：
As fully visible, ecological purification area can harvest 2 batches big standard commodities freshwater shrimp 49kg/ mus, small dimension commodity freshwater shrimp
7.2kg/ mus, big standard commodities freshwater shrimp are calculated by 90 yuan/kg, and small dimension commodity freshwater shrimp is calculated by 50 yuan/kg, with 55% area
After conversion, 2623.5 yuan of mu volume increase value；High quality paddy 350kg can be harvested, by 75% granulating rate, 12 yuan/kg of price and
40% area conversion, 1260 yuan of mu volume increase value；3883.5 yuan of freshwater shrimp and rice mu volume increase value, remove the mu after area is converted
Equal 2025 yuan of input cost (the irrigation facility construction of purifying area containing ecotope and 800 yuan of pond preparation, 825 yuan of freshwater shrimp seed, rice
320 yuan of 80 yuan of seed, rice transplantation by hand weeding and harvesting), mu increases benefit 1858.5 yuan, remarkable in economical benefits.
Comparative example 1
20 mu of pond industrialized aquaculture system area, culture zone are provided with 2 cultivation flumes, and each cultivation flume is equipped with 1
Platform gas stripping type aerator, 12 bottom oxygen increasing tubes, collection blowdown apparatus are that 2 tanks share, and account for the pond total face of industrialized aquaculture system
Long-pending 5%, each cultivation water groove depth 2.0m, long 22m, wide 6m, 2 cultivation flumes put grass carp, perch in a suitable place to breed respectively；Ecological purification area
The 95% of the pond industrialized aquaculture system gross area is accounted for, pond depth 1.5m, substrate is clay loam, and bottom of pond is flat non-leakage, enters draining
Mouth is tied up solid with double-deck 60 mesh nylon wires.
Ecological purification area only mu stocking size is the tail of silver carp Variegated 50 of 200g/ tails, the wherein tail of silver carp kind 30, Variegated 20
Tail, does not plant pasture and water and plantation aquatic vegetable, ecological purification area's not bait throwing in the whole culture-cycle, and silver carp Variegated is ingested water body
Planktonic organism growth, drew in the net before the Spring Festival to capture the silver carp bighead 70kg/ mus of 2kg/ tails, yuan/mu of the output value 560, remove fingerling cost,
Yuan/mu of economic benefit 460.
Above-mentioned cultural method is the conventional application process in existing ecological purification area, and water body and culture zone will not be caused not
Necessary burden, operational excellence.If single in order to increase the economic benefit in ecological purification area, the throwing in ecological purification area is increased
Self-purification of water ability high-volume can be then had a strong impact on, it is final to influence overall effect so as to further have impact on culture zone Water quality
Benefit.
As can be seen here, after the comprehensive reformation of application scheme, mu increases benefit 1858.5 yuan, is compared to existing
The economic benefit of 460 yuan/mu, substantial lifting is obtained.And while economic benefit is lifted, culture zone is also ensured
Normal cultivation so that whole industrialized aquaculture system has reached benign filter-cleaning cycles.
Embodiment 2
The pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area rice shrimp synthesis breeding method of the present embodiment, in step (3)：
1. 16 days 2 months, first batch of freshwater shrimp seed is put in a suitable place to breed, by the ecological purification area face after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
Product, every mu of freshwater shrimp kind 10kg for putting 650 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed；
3. July 12, by ecological purification area area, every mu with 6kg brown sugar or glucosylation water full pool spilling head, is supplemented water
Body carbon source, biological flocculation is promoted to be formed；Then second batch of freshwater shrimp seed is put in a suitable place to breed, by the life after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
State purifying area area, every mu of freshwater shrimp 5kg for putting 4000 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed.
Remaining operation and breeding management etc. are all the same as embodiment 1.
Ecological purification area yield and benefit：
By calculating, whole cultivating system operational excellence, in the case where not influenceing culture zone benefit, after removing cost,
Ecological purification area mu, which increases benefit, reaches 1905 yuan.
Embodiment 3
The pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area rice shrimp synthesis breeding method of the present embodiment, in step (3)：
1. 16 days 2 months, first batch of freshwater shrimp seed is put in a suitable place to breed, by the ecological purification area face after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
Product, every mu of freshwater shrimp kind 8kg for putting 680 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed；
3. July 12, by ecological purification area area, every mu with 6kg brown sugar or glucosylation water full pool spilling head, is supplemented water
Body carbon source, biological flocculation is promoted to be formed；Then second batch of freshwater shrimp seed is put in a suitable place to breed, by the life after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
State purifying area area, every mu of freshwater shrimp 5.5kg for putting 4500 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed.
Remaining operation and breeding management etc. are all the same as embodiment 1.
By calculating, whole cultivating system operational excellence, in the case where not influenceing culture zone benefit, after removing cost,
Ecological purification area mu, which increases benefit, reaches 1821 yuan.
Comparative example 2
The pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area rice shrimp synthesis breeding method of this comparative example, in step (3)：
1. 16 days 2 months, first batch of freshwater shrimp seed is put in a suitable place to breed, by the ecological purification area face after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
Product, every mu of freshwater shrimp kind 12kg for putting 750 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed；
3. July 12, by ecological purification area area, every mu with 6kg brown sugar or glucosylation water full pool spilling head, is supplemented water
Body carbon source, biological flocculation is promoted to be formed；Then second batch of freshwater shrimp seed is put in a suitable place to breed, by the life after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
State purifying area area, every mu of freshwater shrimp 5kg for putting 5200 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed.
Remaining operation and breeding management etc. are all the same as embodiment 1.
All converted after harvest, after removing cost, ecological purification area mu increases benefit only 815 yuan.
Comparative example 3
The pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area rice shrimp synthesis breeding method of this comparative example, in step (3)：
1. 16 days 2 months, first batch of freshwater shrimp seed is put in a suitable place to breed, by the ecological purification area face after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
Product, every mu of freshwater shrimp kind 12kg for putting 600 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed；
3. July 12, by ecological purification area area, every mu with 6kg brown sugar or glucosylation water full pool spilling head, is supplemented water
Body carbon source, biological flocculation is promoted to be formed；Then second batch of freshwater shrimp seed is put in a suitable place to breed, by the life after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
State purifying area area, every mu of freshwater shrimp 5kg for putting 3800 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed.
Remaining operation and breeding management etc. are all the same as embodiment 1.
All converted after harvest, after removing cost, ecological purification area mu increases benefit only 725 yuan.
As fully visible, the application is by the way that the irrigation facility of pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area is rationally changed
Make and build, select and launch Suitable Density and the aquatic products kind of specification, allow it to ingest and utilize loss and the feeding in ecological purification area
Expect residual bait, fish faeces and its fermentation catabolite, while plant the high middle late rice of economic value, carry out the stubble of kind of breed variety
Mouth linking, production management and harvest in good time, are combined by breeding, scientifically build ecological niche, make full use of ecological purification area
Space and prouctiveness, significantly improve the ecological benefits and economic benefit in ecological purification area, optimization construct one kind can allow it is foster
That the person of growing voluntarily adopts application and being easy to large-scale promotion, more complete pond industrialized aquaculture system, compensate for existing
Technology short slab present in the industrialized aquaculture system of pond, fishery industrial transformation is led to upgrade.
Claims (10)
1. pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area rice shrimp integrates breeding method, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
(1) structure of pond industrialized aquaculture system ecology purifying area：Choose 25 mu of -30 mu of cultivating pools and build pond industrialization
Cultivating system, it is divided into culture zone and around the ecological purification area of culture zone, wherein, the ecological purification area accounts for pond industrialization
The 95%-97% of the cultivating system gross area, the annular ditch as cultivation freshwater shrimp, the pond sludge dug out are excavated in the ecological purification area
The field face that the joining place that is placed in annular ditch and culture zone is padded, compacting is as plantation rice so that it is industrial that field face area accounts for pond
Change the 35%-40% of the cultivating system gross area；
(2) prepare before breeding：Base manure is applied on the field face after smooth, turns over rake mud and smooth, mid-January, pond industry
Change cultivating system filtration water inlet, carry out full pond sterilization, water body chlorine residue is released after 7d, then using the fat water of biologic ferment；
(3) breeding, management and capture：
1. early Febuary, put first batch of freshwater shrimp seed in a suitable place to breed, by remove rice cultivation field face area after ecological purification area area,
Every mu of freshwater shrimp kind 8kg-12kg for putting 700 tails/kg-650 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed, regularly feeds；Since May 30, captured with cage blue or green
Shrimp commercial sized prawn；
2. mid-June, Soil surface water position is kept to take Raising Seedling and Planting Patterns, rice rice seedlings are manually transplanted into field in 10cm-15cm
On face, late July carries out keeping Soil surface water position in 10cm-15cm after once baking field operation；
3. early July, water body carbon source is supplemented, then puts second batch of freshwater shrimp seed in a suitable place to breed, by after the field face area for removing rice cultivation
Ecological purification area area, every mu of freshwater shrimp 5kg-5.5kg for putting 5000 tails/kg-4000 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed, do not feed specially；10
Before the middle of the month, freshwater shrimp is captured with cage；
4. rice harvesting：Late October, when rice leaf turns yellow, seed is hardened, reduce pond water level and expose field face, in good time people
Work gathers in rice.
2. ecological purification area rice shrimp according to claim 1 integrates breeding method, it is characterised in that described in step (1)
Culture zone is arranged on the edge of pond industrialized aquaculture system；The culture zone includes several cultivation flumes, each cultivation flume
Provided with gas stripping type aerator, micro-pore oxygen increasing device and collection blowdown apparatus；It is provided with the annular ditch and pushes away water dispenser.
3. ecological purification area rice shrimp according to claim 2 integrates breeding method, it is characterised in that the annular ditch is with supporting
It is wide to grow area, digs 0.6m-0.8m downwards so that the field face and cultivation flume 1.1m-1.2m after smooth are deeply contour.
4. ecological purification area rice shrimp according to claim 1 integrates breeding method, it is characterised in that described in step (2)
Base manure refers to fermentation poultry dung and compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, and dose is to apply 1000kg-1500kg fermentation according to field face area, mu
The compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of chicken manure and 10kg-15kg.
5. ecological purification area rice shrimp according to claim 4 integrates breeding method, it is characterised in that the fermentation poultry dung
Preparation method is：By weight the wet chicken manure of 55-65 parts, 25-35 parts lump lime, the mixing of 8-12 parts powder of straw, tamped bulk
Fermentation 7d-10d and obtain.
6. ecological purification area rice shrimp according to claim 1 integrates breeding method, it is characterised in that described in step (2)
Full pond sterilization refers to every mu with the bleaching powder 10kg-15kgization water full pool spilling head containing effective chlorine 35%；Water body is released after the 7d
Chlorine residue refers to that hydrolyzing malicious product with the shield that main component is sodium thiosulfate releases water body chlorine residue；Every mu of the ecological purification area applies
With the fat water of 10kg biologic ferments, except the area of field face.
7. ecological purification area rice shrimp according to claim 1 integrates breeding method, it is characterised in that step (3) 1. in, the
One batch of freshwater shrimp feed timing, which is fed, to be referred to, when water temperature is higher than 10 DEG C, feed protein content 36%-38%, particle diameter 1.0mm-
1.2mm high-quality freshwater shrimp compound feed, daily uniformly shed along ecological purification area Chi Geng edges shoal at dusk feed, thrown
Feed amount by the 3%-4% of body weight to calculate, be advisable with being eaten up in 2.0h-3.0h.
8. ecological purification area rice shrimp according to claim 1 integrates breeding method, it is characterised in that step (3) 2. in, institute
State rice for lodging resistance, in strong stress resistance, Varieties In Late Rice.
9. ecological purification area rice shrimp according to claim 1 integrates breeding method, it is characterised in that step (3) 2. in, institute
State roasting field to refer to, -25 days on the 20th July, reduce pond water level, the rice planted on the face of pond field is subjected to roasting field operation；7
After the moon 26, pond is filtered and intake, water level is maintained at depth of water 10cm-15cm on sakata.
10. ecological purification area rice shrimp according to claim 1 integrates breeding method, it is characterised in that step (3) 3. in,
Supplement water body carbon source refers to, by ecological purification area area, every mu with 6kg-8kg brown sugar or glucosylation water full pool spilling head, makes
The content of brown sugar or glucose in water body is 120mg/L-200mg/L, promotes biological flocculation to be formed.
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| CN201710760297.5A CN107494088B (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2017-08-30 | Comprehensive planting and breeding method for rice and shrimps in ecological purification area of pond industrialized culture system |
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| CN107494088B CN107494088B (en) | 2020-09-11 |
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Cited By (11)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109937822A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-28 | 江苏省渔业技术推广中心 | A method of carrying out the comprehensive breeding of rice fishing in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province farmland |
| CN110036847A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-23 | 武汉弘耕种业有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of novel shrimp rice crop rotation |
| CN110150206A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-08-23 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of nonirrigated farmland, aquatic crops and aquaculture synthesis plant breeding model and system |
| CN110558257A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-13 | 江苏省渔业技术推广中心 | method for carrying out comprehensive culture of channel catfish in pond industrialized system |
| CN111248128A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-09 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | External circulation freshwater shrimp breeding method |
| CN111387106A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 蒋惠良 | Novel crayfish feeding method capable of reducing water pollution |
| CN112021247A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-04 | 珠海南方利洋水产科技有限公司 | Circulating water culture system with biological carbon source |
| CN113142106A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-23 | 苏州市水产技术推广站 | Method for co-culturing green ecological pond |
| CN113519434A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-22 | 江苏省渔业技术推广中心 | Improved pond industrial aquaculture system |
| CN114793972A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-29 | 银川科海生物技术有限公司 | Rice and crab symbiotic large-size crab culture method |
| CN115868438A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-31 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Freshwater shrimp-late rice crop rotation method for two years and one period |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110150206A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-08-23 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of nonirrigated farmland, aquatic crops and aquaculture synthesis plant breeding model and system |
| CN109937822A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-28 | 江苏省渔业技术推广中心 | A method of carrying out the comprehensive breeding of rice fishing in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province farmland |
| CN110036847A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-23 | 武汉弘耕种业有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of novel shrimp rice crop rotation |
| CN110558257A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-13 | 江苏省渔业技术推广中心 | method for carrying out comprehensive culture of channel catfish in pond industrialized system |
| CN111248128A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-09 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | External circulation freshwater shrimp breeding method |
| CN113519434A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-22 | 江苏省渔业技术推广中心 | Improved pond industrial aquaculture system |
| CN111387106A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 蒋惠良 | Novel crayfish feeding method capable of reducing water pollution |
| CN112021247A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-04 | 珠海南方利洋水产科技有限公司 | Circulating water culture system with biological carbon source |
| CN113142106A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-23 | 苏州市水产技术推广站 | Method for co-culturing green ecological pond |
| CN114793972A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-29 | 银川科海生物技术有限公司 | Rice and crab symbiotic large-size crab culture method |
| CN115868438A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-31 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Freshwater shrimp-late rice crop rotation method for two years and one period |
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