CN107460367B - A kind of copper alloy and preparation method thereof of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand - Google Patents
A kind of copper alloy and preparation method thereof of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C9/05—Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of copper alloys and preparation method thereof of resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, belong to ocean engineering and field of marine equipment, element contained by copper alloy and mass percent are respectively as follows: Ni:0.5-10%；Al:2-6.5%；Fe:0.5-1.5%；Mn:2.5-10%；Co:0.15-1%；Cr:0.15-0.9%；Si:0.5-1%；Surplus is Cu.In preparation, cathode copper, coverture, CnMn alloy, CuTi alloy, electrolytic nickel, CuFe alloy, electrolytic aluminium, pure magnesium, coverture and CuB alloy, the deoxidation of CuP alloy and microalloying, stirring fishing slag is added in sequence, and heating is come out of the stove.The preparation method has the advantages that at low cost, high-efficient, and there is Cu alloy material the resistance to erosion-corrosion of seawater containing sand, marine organism corrsion and seawater high flow rate the performances such as to corrode, and can meet requirement of the ocean engineering to anti-corrosion wear material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ocean engineering and field of marine equipment, and in particular to a kind of copper conjunction of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand
Gold and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
In ocean engineering, ships sea water service system pipeline works due to directly contacting with seawater and being arranged in the bilge mostly
The corrosive wear problem of the problem of environment is harsh, and seawater corrodes it and offshore, river mouth seawater containing sand is always to restrict its hair
Wave the outstanding problem of maximum efficiency.In ships, pump, valve body, submarine pipeline device pipe and blade propeller are to corrosion-resistant mill
The requirement of damage property is relatively high.In the metal component under marine environment, the failure of metal material generally comprises corrosion and corrosion is ground
Damage two major classes.Corrosion type mainly has homogeneous corrosion, spot corrosion, crevice corrosion, impingment corrosion, cavitation damage and corrosion fatigue
It is mainly the damage that the lower mechanical wear of solid-liquid two-phase flow effect causes with sewater chemistry Corrosion Interaction material Deng, corrosive wear
Wound.These failure types are often related with structure design or metallurgy factor.
Homogeneous corrosion is characterized in that corrosion failure uniformly occurs on the whole surface, and metal is universal due to corrosion to be subtracted
It is thin.Surface of metal electrode each section anodic oxidation dissolution reaction that homogeneous corrosion occurs and cathodic reduction reaction are on the whole surface
Macroscopic view uniformly occurs, and the current density of cathode and anode reaction is equal in magnitude.
In certain corrosive mediums, occur the corrosion aperture developed to depths in the regional area of metal surface, and surface
Rest part does not occur to corrode or corrosion is very slight, and this etch state is known as spot corrosion, abbreviation spot corrosion.Once point borrosion hole shape
At, have to depths continue development trend, i.e., to depths continue corrosion effect, therefore spot corrosion have great hidden danger
Property and destructiveness.The specific pattern of spot corrosion has pitting, pitting corrosion, spot erosion, trench etching and tunnel corrosion etc. in marine environment.Spot corrosion
The material or surface that readily occur in Surface Creation passivating film are coated with the metal of cathodic electrodeposition coating.
Crevice corrosion is usually in water immersion area or waves splash about area's most serious.The material that passive state is maintained by oxygen,
Have the tendency that in seawater to gap corrosion-susceptible.It has also been found that having the gap corrosion in marine atmosphere.Gap is due to knot a bit
Caused by structure design is unreasonable, it is also possible to which there are foreign matters on surface, if marine organisms perch is caused by surface.
To under the souring of metal component, tissue and performance are changed the seawater of seawater corrosion abrasion mainly flowing
Become.If the pressure of surrounding drops to ocean temperature seawater vapour pressure below, seawater will boil.At high speeds, actually
It is frequently observed local boiling.For example, to flow through the seawater of impeller or pusher surface at a high speed, it will be in the abrupt change of cross-section (such as blade tip)
Generate extremely low pressure.In this way, steam bubble just forms, but bubble can rupture again again when seawater flows downwardly into somewhere.These
The rupture of steam bubble and the local compressive failure for causing metal.After metal fragment falls off, new activated metal is exposed to corrosivity
Seawater in.Therefore, metal damage caused by the cavitation damage in seawater was usually mechanically damaged metal not only, but also was damaged by corrosion
Wound.Such corrosion is in honeycomb form more.
Since seawater is a kind of strong electrolyte, when two kinds of different metals of corrosion potential connect and are exposed in marine environment
When, it will usually generate serious galvanic corrosion.In the galvanic couple of connection, a kind of metal serves as anode, and another metal serves as yin
Pole.The degree of galvanic corrosion depends primarily on the relative difference and relative area ratio of the galvanic series of two kinds of metals in the seawater.It is logical
The contact electromotive force of normal two kinds of metals is bigger, and metal erosion must be more serious, because the power of galvanic corrosion is bigger.
Main corrosion-resistant metallic material to be used mainly has copper and copper alloy in current ocean engineering.Fine copper has been in recent years
Through gradually by Cu-Ni cupronickel B 10, B30 and iron white copper BFe10-1-1, BFe30-1-1 substitution for adding iron.Due to B10 and B30
In nickel content it is higher, so corrosion resistance is preferable.The additional amount of iron is no more than 2% in iron white copper, to prevent corrosion cracking, feature
Intensity height and anticorrosive, especially anti-current move seawater corrosion ability it is higher.But the high sea area ring of sand amount in for example East Sea etc.
In border, more serious erosion or erosion-corrosion can also occur for copper-nickel alloy or iron white copper material.The frequent leakage of seawaterline, seriously
The normal use of equipment is influenced, so that ship is reduced in boat rate, accident potential increases.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide the copper alloys and its system of a kind of resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand
Preparation Method improves the anti-corrosion wear ability of alloy under marine environment solid-liquid multiphase flow operating condition, improves the service life of alloy.
A kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, it is characterised in that: contained elemental composition and its quality percentage
Than being respectively as follows: Ni:0.5-10.0%；Al:2.0-6.5%；Fe:0.5-1.5%；Mn:2.5-10.0%；Co:0.15-1.0%；Cr:
0.15-0.9%；Si:0.5-1.0%；Surplus is Cu and inevitable impurity element.
A kind of method that the present invention also protects copper alloy for preparing the above-mentioned resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, including following step
It is rapid:
(1) electrolytic nickel, electrolytic aluminium, pure chromium and pure silicon are weighed according to the mass percent of above-mentioned elemental composition, wherein with
Cu-Mn intermediate alloy, Cu-Fe intermediate alloy, Cu-Co intermediate alloy and cathode copper form introduce Mn, Fe, Co and copper；
(2) it is heated to 1150-1200 DEG C after preheating smelting furnace, step (1) weighed cathode copper is then added and is melted
Change, is covered for the first time using coverture；Step (1) weighed Cn-Mn intermediate alloy, Cu-Co intermediate alloy, Cu- is added in sequence
Fe intermediate alloy, electrolytic nickel and pure chromium, the time interval being added between each sequence are 1-2min, use graphite in adition process
Stick stirring；Then step (1) weighed electrolytic aluminium and pure silicon is added in sequence, and time interval is 1-2min between each sequence, adds
It is stirred during entering with graphite rod；It is covered using second of coverture；Phosphor-copper deoxidation, stirring fishing slag, is warming up to 1200-1250
It DEG C comes out of the stove, atmospheric environment melting；
(3) moulding by casting, 10 h of isothermal holding carries out homogenizing annealing at 900 DEG C.
Further, the workpiece being processed into the copper alloy using this method preparation is machined out rear stress relief annealing,
Annealing temperature is 300 DEG C, time 2h.
Further, total additional amount of the coverture is the 2.0%-2.5% of copper alloy quality, and the coverture is anhydrous
The mixture of ice crystal and graphite powder.
Further, the weight ratio of anhydrous ice crystal and graphite powder is 1:3 in the coverture.
Further, the coverture first time overlay capacity is the 70% of total additional amount, and second of overlay capacity is total be added
The 30% of amount.
Further, smelting furnace uses furnace lining material for the power frequency coreless type induction furnace of silica sand in step (2), preheating and
It is baked to dark red formation flue.
Further, the mass percent of Mn is not less than 19.8% in the Cu-Mn intermediate alloy, and surplus is copper.
Further, the mass percent of Fe is not less than 9.8% in the Cu-Fe intermediate alloy, and surplus is copper.
Further, the mass percent of Co is not less than 4.8% in the Cu-Co intermediate alloy, and surplus is copper.
The effect of essential element is as follows in alloy:
The effect of Ni: since copper and mickel can be with infinitely dissolve, so the performance of Cu-Ni alloy is unique.Work as copper alloy
When for casting, nickel can not only improve its corrosion resistance, and can prevent " slow cooling brittleness ".The addition of Ni expands phase simultaneously
Area improves the intensity, hardness and thermal stability of alloy.
The effect of Al: when the content of aluminium increases to 12.5%, hardness is sharply increased, and thermal coefficient increases with Al content
And it drastically reduces.Since the standard electrode potential of Al is -1.66 V, so it is more likely formed ion, in conjunction with the oxygen in environment,
Form the fine and close and higher aluminum oxide film of hardness on surface, the further oxidation of alloy can be prevented, thus prevent matrix into
One step corrosion, moreover, because the protective film is fine and close, hard, even if remaining to resist the punching of seawater machinery in the very high seawater of flow velocity
It hits, corrosion protection Product Films is made to keep complete.Since the porosity of this layer of corrosion protection Product Films is minimum, alloy largely can avoid
Local corrosion occurs.Ni has occurred when in addition, Al being added in Cu-Ni alloy3Al precipitation-hardening improves the intensity of alloy and hard
Degree.Aluminium is while improving copper-nickel alloy corrosion stability, cold formability decline.
The effect of Fe: suitable iron is added into Cu-Ni alloy and is conducive to crystal grain refinement, and is formed with elements such as aluminium, nickel
Metallic compound and be precipitated, improve erosive wear resistance.But when iron content is excessive, the corrosion potential of alloy is reduced, thus
Influence corrosive nature.The Fe content of Cu-Ni-Fe alloy is not more than 2%, and otherwise stress corrosion can occur for alloy.If more than 4%,
Accelerate stress corrosion.When the content of iron is 0.5%, corrosion resisting property is increased sharply.The resistance to of alloy can be improved by adding suitable Fe
Corrosion, for its effect, there are mainly two types of viewpoints: a kind of viewpoint thinks the corrosion products film for the iron formation iron oxide for being dissolved state, film
In contain water, it acts as anodic inhibitor；Another viewpoint thinks that Fe is able to enter containing in defective Cu2O dot matrix, and
Thereby increase the anode and cathode resistance of corrosion products film.
The effect of Mn: Mn both can be used as deoxidier in fusion process, can also be improved the mobility of melt.In Cu-
MnNi compound being formed with Ni in Ni-Mn alloy and making alloy that precipitation strength occur, Mn can also improve the dynamic sea of alloy anti-current
Water erosion ability.
The effect of Cr: Cr is added in this alloy mainly 2 effects, first is that invigoration effect, by forming solid solution containing Cr
Or Cr particles strengthening alloy is formed by timeliness；Second is that under briny environment, especially under the erosion-corrosion environment of seawater containing sand,
Solid solution Cr and Al in alloy substrate preferentially corrode, and form fine and close mixed oxide protective film in alloy surface.
The effect of Co: this alloy adds the intensity and equilibrium potential that a small amount of Co mainly improves alloy substrate, improves alloy-based
The corrosion resistance of body.
The effect of Si: in addition a small amount of main intensity for improving alloy substrate of this alloy addition improves the leaching of alloy seawater static state
Corrosion resistance under the conditions of bubble, while low-alloyed liquidus temperature can drop, solidification temperature range reduced, alloy is improved and fills type energy
Power improves the dense structure's property and resistance to pressure of alloy-steel casting.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
One, contain several elements of Cu, Ni, Al, Fe, Mn, Co, Cr and Si in copper alloy of the present invention, into alloy
The corrosion resistance that suitable Ni, Al, Fe and Mn improve alloy is added, with addition Al, Fe, Mn and Cr replace Ni reduce alloy at
This, addition Al, Cr forms the anti-corrosion wear that protectiveness mixed oxidization film improves alloy by selective corrosion in alloy surface
Performance, the alloying elements such as addition Co, Si improve the intensity and hardness of alloy.In addition, Al and Ni can after above-mentioned alloying element is added
Ni occurs3Al precipitation-hardening, Mn and Ni form MnNi compound and make alloy that precipitation strength occur, and Fe and Al form compound
It is precipitated and improves abrasion-resistance, Mn and Si can form Mn5Si3Complicated metallic compound reinforced alloys matrix etc., phase between various elements
Interaction can form various metals compound, improve the intensity and hardness of alloy, while the preferential corrosion surface of Cr and Al is formed and caused
Close oxidation film improves the anti-corrosion wear ability of alloy under marine environment solid-liquid multiphase flow operating condition, improves the service life of alloy.
In addition, being free of Element Lead, arsenic in alloy, will not fish and the mankind be brought with the harm in health.
Two, it in the preparation method of copper alloy of the present invention, is covered using the mixture of ice crystal and graphite powder, the
Primary covering is used to scarfing cinder, degasification and removes impurity, and second is supplement loss；Among CuMn20 intermediate alloy, CuFe10
It is prepared by raw material for closing gas gold, electrolysis Ni, electrolytic aluminium, cathode copper, CuCo5 intermediate alloy and pure silicon, and high fusibility is closed in preparation
Gold element is first added, and is added after low melting point and an oxide alloy, is mainly avoided scaling loss；Raw material heats up after adding, and improves
Alloy flowability makes to fill type full.Be machined after smelting, homogenizing annealing, the standard electrode potential after annealing-
Between 0.041-+0.245 V, the alloy rigidity of preparation is 118-185 HBW, and erosion corrosion rate is lower than under sea conditions
0.5mg/h (eroding velocity 8-14m/s), the copper alloy of invention preparation, the copper alloy prepared compared to the prior art, hardness side
Face is remarkably reinforced, and erosion rate is remarkably decreased；Moreover, uniformity is good, residual stress is small, at low cost, high-efficient, there is resistance to sea
The performances such as aqueous corrosion abrasion, the corrosion of resistance to marine organism corrsion, resistance to high flow rate, can meet ocean engineering critical component such as valve seat, pipe
The requirement that road elbow etc. wears seawater corrosion resistance.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment the present invention will be further explained explanation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, the elemental composition contained and its corresponding mass percent point
Not are as follows: 0.5% Ni, 2.0% Al, 0. 5% Fe, 2.5% Mn, 0.15% Co, 0.15% Cr, 0.5% Si, surplus are
Copper and inevitable impurity element.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand Cu alloy material, comprising the following steps:
(1) ingredient
According to above-mentioned mass percent, following raw material is weighed: electrolysis Al, purity >=99.9%；Electrolysis Ni, purity >=
99.9%；Content >=19.8% of intermediate alloy CuMn20, Mn；Intermediate alloy CuFe10, Fe content >=9.8%；It is electrolysed Cu, purity
≥99.9%；Intermediate alloy CuCo5, Co content >=4.8%；Pure Cr, purity >=99.9%；Pure Si, purity >=99.9%.
(2) melting
Using power frequency coreless type induction furnace, furnace lining material is silica sand.The coverture of molten alloy selects anhydrous ice crystal
With the mixture of graphite powder, wherein the ratio of anhydrous ice crystal and graphite powder is 1:3, the purity of graphite powder and anhydrous ice crystal
> 99%.Toasted and be preheated to first dark red formation flue；It is warming up to 1150-1200 DEG C；Cathode copper fusing is added；It is added
1.4% coverture of copper alloy total amount carries out first time covering；Sequence be added Cn-Mn intermediate alloy, Cu-Co intermediate alloy,
Cu-Fe intermediate alloy, electrolytic nickel and pure chromium, the time interval that every kind of raw material is added are 1-2min, persistently use stone in adition process
Inker stirring；Electrolytic aluminium and pure silicon is added in sequence, and the time interval that every kind of raw material is added is 1-2min, persistently uses in adition process
Graphite rod stirring；0.6% coverture that copper alloy total amount is added carries out second and covers；Phosphor-copper deoxidation, stirring fishing slag, heating
To 1200-1250 DEG C, sampling, thermometric is come out of the stove, atmospheric environment melting.
(3) homogenizing annealing
In order to reduce the segregation of alloying component, the corrosion resistance of alloy substrate is improved, anneal 10 h at 900 DEG C of Ying.
(4) it is machined
Thick vehicle, milling, grinding etc., half essence, essence machining are carried out according to part drawing.
(5) stress relief annealing
In order to eliminate internal stress caused by the machining of part, stress relief annealing, concrete technology can be carried out to workpiece
For 300 DEG C, 2h.
(6) it examines and is put in storage
Process product packed after the assay was approved, be put in storage it is spare.
Using the performance indicator of copper alloy made from the method for the present invention are as follows: the standard electrode potential after annealing is+0.245
V, 118 HBW of hardness, erosion corrosion rate is lower than 0.5mg/h (eroding velocity 8-14m/s) under sea conditions.
Embodiment 2
A kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, the elemental composition contained and its corresponding mass percent point
Not are as follows: 5.5% Ni, 4.5% Al, 1.0% Fe, 6.5% Mn, 0.55% Co, 0.45% Cr, 0.75% Si, surplus are
Copper and inevitable impurity element.
According to above-mentioned mass percent, following raw material is taken: electrolysis Al, purity >=99.9%；It is electrolysed Ni, purity >=99.9%；
Content >=19.8% of intermediate alloy CuMn20, Mn；Intermediate alloy CuFe10, Fe content >=9.8%；Electrolysis Cu, purity >=
99.9%；Intermediate alloy CuCo5, Co content >=4.8%；Pure Cr, purity >=99.9%；Pure Si, purity >=99.9%.
The Cu alloy material of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, institute in preparation method and embodiment 1 are prepared using above-mentioned raw materials
The preparation method stated is identical.The performance indicator of copper alloy obtained are as follows: the standard electrode potential after annealing is+0.0954 V, firmly
161HBW is spent, erosion corrosion rate is lower than 0.3mg/h (eroding velocity 8-14m/s) under sea conditions.
Embodiment 3
A kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, the elemental composition contained and its corresponding mass percent point
Not are as follows: 10.0% Ni, 6.5% Al, 1.5% Fe, 10.0% Mn, 1.0% Co, 0.9% Cr, 1.0% Si, surplus are
Copper and inevitable impurity element.
According to above-mentioned mass percent, following raw material is taken: electrolysis Al, purity >=99.9%；It is electrolysed Ni, purity >=99.9%；
Content >=19.8% of intermediate alloy CuMn20, Mn；Intermediate alloy CuFe10, Fe content >=9.8%；Electrolysis Cu, purity >=
99.9%；Intermediate alloy CuCo5, Co content >=4.8%；Pure Cr, purity >=99.9%；Pure Si, purity >=99.9%.
The Cu alloy material of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, institute in preparation method and embodiment 1 are prepared using above-mentioned raw materials
The preparation method stated is roughly the same, the difference is that: 1.47% coverture of copper alloy total amount is added in covering for the first time, the
0.63% coverture of subordinate cover addition copper alloy total amount.The performance indicator of copper alloy obtained are as follows: the standard electric after annealing
Electrode potential is -0.0409 V, 185 HBW of hardness, and erosion corrosion rate is lower than 0.5mg/h (eroding velocity 8- under sea conditions
14m/s)。
Embodiment 4
A kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, the elemental composition contained and its corresponding mass percent point
Not are as follows: 1.0% Ni, 3.0% Al, 0.75% Fe, 3.5% Mn, 0.25% Co, 0.3% Cr, 0.6% Si, surplus are
Copper and inevitable impurity element.
According to above-mentioned mass percent, following raw material is taken: electrolysis Al, purity >=99.9%；It is electrolysed Ni, purity >=99.9%；
Content >=19.8% of intermediate alloy CuMn20, Mn；Intermediate alloy CuFe10, Fe content >=9.8%；Electrolysis Cu, purity >=
99.9%；Intermediate alloy CuCo5, Co content >=4.8%；Pure Cr, purity >=99.9%；Pure Si, purity >=99.9%.
The Cu alloy material of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, institute in preparation method and embodiment 1 are prepared using above-mentioned raw materials
The preparation method stated is roughly the same, the difference is that: 1.47% coverture of copper alloy total amount is added in covering for the first time, the
0.63% coverture of subordinate cover addition copper alloy total amount.The performance indicator of copper alloy obtained are as follows: the standard electric after annealing
Electrode potential is+0.207 V, 129 HBW of hardness, and erosion corrosion rate is lower than 0.5mg/h (eroding velocity 8-14m/ under sea conditions
s)。
Embodiment 5
A kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, the elemental composition contained and its corresponding mass percent point
Not are as follows: 1.5% Ni, 4.0% Al, 1.25% Fe, 4.5% Mn, 0.35% Co, 0.4% Cr, 0.7% Si, surplus are
Copper and inevitable impurity element.
According to above-mentioned mass percent, following raw material is taken: electrolysis Al, purity >=99.9%；It is electrolysed Ni, purity >=99.9%；
Content >=19.8% of intermediate alloy CuMn20, Mn；Intermediate alloy CuFe10, Fe content >=9.8%；Electrolysis Cu, purity >=
99.9%；Intermediate alloy CuCo5, Co content >=4.8%；Pure Cr, purity >=99.9%；Pure Si, purity >=99.9%.
The Cu alloy material of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, institute in preparation method and embodiment 1 are prepared using above-mentioned raw materials
The preparation method stated is roughly the same, the difference is that: 1.54% coverture of copper alloy total amount is added in covering for the first time, the
0.66% coverture of subordinate cover addition copper alloy total amount.The performance indicator of copper alloy obtained are as follows: the standard electric after annealing
Electrode potential is+0.185 V, 137 HBW of hardness, and erosion corrosion rate is lower than 0.5mg/h (eroding velocity 8-14m/ under sea conditions
s)。
Embodiment 6
A kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, the elemental composition contained and its corresponding mass percent point
Not are as follows: 2.5% Ni, 5.0% Al, 0.5% Fe, 5.5% Mn, 0.45% Co, 0.6% Cr, 0.8% Si, surplus are copper
With inevitable impurity element.
According to above-mentioned mass percent, following raw material is taken: electrolysis Al, purity >=99.9%；It is electrolysed Ni, purity >=99.9%；
Content >=19.8% of intermediate alloy CuMn20, Mn；Intermediate alloy CuFe10, Fe content >=9.8%；Electrolysis Cu, purity >=
99.9%；Intermediate alloy CuCo5, Co content >=4.8%；Pure Cr, purity >=99.9%；Pure Si, purity >=99.9%.
The Cu alloy material of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, institute in preparation method and embodiment 1 are prepared using above-mentioned raw materials
The preparation method stated is roughly the same, the difference is that: 1.61% coverture of copper alloy total amount is added in covering for the first time, the
0.69% coverture of subordinate cover addition copper alloy total amount.The performance indicator of copper alloy obtained are as follows: the standard electric after annealing
Electrode potential is+0.0578 V, 165 HBW of hardness, and erosion corrosion rate is lower than 0.5mg/h (eroding velocity 8- under sea conditions
14m/s)。
Embodiment 7
A kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, the elemental composition contained and its corresponding mass percent point
Not are as follows: 7.0% Ni, 6.0% Al, 0.6% Fe, 7.5% Mn, 0.7% Co, 0.7% Cr, 0.9% Si, surplus are copper
With inevitable impurity element.
According to above-mentioned mass percent, following raw material is taken: electrolysis Al, purity >=99.9%；It is electrolysed Ni, purity >=99.9%；
Content >=19.8% of intermediate alloy CuMn20, Mn；Intermediate alloy CuFe10, Fe content >=9.8%；Electrolysis Cu, purity >=
99.9%；Intermediate alloy CuCo5, Co content >=4.8%；Pure Cr, purity >=99.9%；Pure Si, purity >=99.9%.
The Cu alloy material of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, institute in preparation method and embodiment 1 are prepared using above-mentioned raw materials
The preparation method stated is roughly the same, the difference is that: 1.68% coverture of copper alloy total amount is added in covering for the first time, the
0.72% coverture of subordinate cover addition copper alloy total amount.The performance indicator of copper alloy obtained are as follows: the standard electric after annealing
Electrode potential is+0.132 V, 149 HBW of hardness, and erosion corrosion rate is lower than 0.5mg/h (eroding velocity 8-14m/ under sea conditions
s)。
Embodiment 8
A kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, the elemental composition contained and its corresponding mass percent point
Not are as follows: 9.0% Ni, 2.5% Al, 1.4% Fe, 9.0% Mn, 0.9% Co, 0.8% Cr, 0.9% Si, surplus are copper
With inevitable impurity element.
According to above-mentioned mass percent, following raw material is taken: electrolysis Al, purity >=99.9%；It is electrolysed Ni, purity >=99.9%；
Content >=19.8% of intermediate alloy CuMn20, Mn；Intermediate alloy CuFe10, Fe content >=9.8%；Electrolysis Cu, purity >=
99.9%；Intermediate alloy CuCo5, Co content >=4.8%；Pure Cr, purity >=99.9%；Pure Si, purity >=99.9%.
The Cu alloy material of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, institute in preparation method and embodiment 1 are prepared using above-mentioned raw materials
The preparation method stated is roughly the same, the difference is that: 1.68% coverture of copper alloy total amount is added in covering for the first time, the
0.72% coverture of subordinate cover addition copper alloy total amount.The performance indicator of copper alloy obtained are as follows: the standard electric after annealing
Electrode potential is+0.168 V, 140 HBW of hardness, and erosion corrosion rate is lower than 0.5mg/h (eroding velocity 8-14m/ under sea conditions
s)。
Embodiment 9
A kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, the elemental composition contained and its corresponding mass percent point
Not are as follows: 4.0% Ni, 2.5% Al, 1.1% Fe, 10% Mn, 0.8% Co, 0.9% Cr, 0.5% Si, surplus be copper and
Inevitable impurity element.
According to above-mentioned mass percent, following raw material is taken: electrolysis Al, purity >=99.9%；It is electrolysed Ni, purity >=99.9%；
Content >=19.8% of intermediate alloy CuMn20, Mn；Intermediate alloy CuFe10, Fe content >=9.8%；Electrolysis Cu, purity >=
99.9%；Intermediate alloy CuCo5, Co content >=4.8%；Pure Cr, purity >=99.9%；Pure Si, purity >=99.9%.
The Cu alloy material of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, institute in preparation method and embodiment 1 are prepared using above-mentioned raw materials
The preparation method stated is roughly the same, the difference is that: 1.75% coverture of copper alloy total amount is added in covering for the first time, the
The performance indicator of copper alloy made from 0.75% coverture of copper alloy total amount is added in subordinate cover are as follows: the standard electric after annealing
Electrode potential is+0.116 V, 153 HBW of hardness, and erosion corrosion rate is lower than 0.5mg/h (eroding velocity 8-14m/ under sea conditions
s)。
Embodiment 10
A kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, the elemental composition contained and its corresponding mass percent point
Not are as follows: 8.0% Ni, 6.3% Al, 1.3% Fe, 8.5% Mn, 0.6% Co, 0.5% Cr, 0.95% Si, surplus are copper
With inevitable impurity element.
According to above-mentioned mass percent, following raw material is taken: electrolysis Al, purity >=99.9%；It is electrolysed Ni, purity >=99.9%；
Content >=19.8% of intermediate alloy CuMn20, Mn；Intermediate alloy CuFe10, Fe content >=9.8%；Electrolysis Cu, purity >=
99.9%；Intermediate alloy CuCo5, Co content >=4.8%；Pure Cr, purity >=99.9%；Pure Si, purity >=99.9%.
The Cu alloy material of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, institute in preparation method and embodiment 1 are prepared using above-mentioned raw materials
The preparation method stated is roughly the same, the difference is that: 1.75% coverture of copper alloy total amount is added in covering for the first time, the
The performance indicator of copper alloy made from 0.75% coverture of copper alloy total amount is added in subordinate cover are as follows: the standard electric after annealing
Electrode potential is+0.0156 V, 172 HBW of hardness, and erosion corrosion rate is lower than 0.5mg/h (eroding velocity 8- under sea conditions
14m/s)。
In addition, it is necessary to which explanation, embodiment described above are interpreted as illustrative, to be not intended to limit the present invention guarantor
Range is protected, to those skilled in the art, under the premise of without departing substantially from spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention is made
Some nonessential modifications and adaptations still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand, it is characterised in that: contained elemental composition and its mass percent
It is respectively as follows: Ni:0.5-10.0%；Al:2.0-6.5%；Fe:0.5-1.5%；Mn:2.5-10.0%；Co:0.15-1.0%；Cr:
0.15-0.9%；Si:0.5-1.0%；Surplus is Cu and inevitable impurity element；
Preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) electrolytic nickel, electrolytic aluminium, pure chromium and pure silicon are weighed according to the mass percent of elemental composition, wherein among Cu-Mn
Alloy, Cu-Fe intermediate alloy, Cu-Co intermediate alloy and cathode copper form introduce Mn, Fe, Co and copper；
(2) it is heated to 1150-1200 DEG C after preheating smelting furnace, step (1) weighed cathode copper is then added and is melted, adopts
It is covered for the first time with coverture；Step (1) weighed Cn-Mn intermediate alloy, Cu-Co intermediate alloy is added, among Cu-Fe in sequence
Alloy, electrolytic nickel and pure chromium, the time interval being added between each sequence are 1-2min, are stirred in adition process with graphite rod；
Then step (1) weighed electrolytic aluminium and pure silicon is added in sequence, and time interval is 1-2min between each sequence, in adition process
It is stirred with graphite rod；It is covered using second of coverture；Phosphor-copper deoxidation, stirring fishing slag, is warming up to 1200-1250 DEG C and comes out of the stove, greatly
The melting of compression ring border；
(3) moulding by casting, 10 h of isothermal holding carries out homogenizing annealing at 900 DEG C.
2. a kind of copper alloy of resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: to using the system
The workpiece that is processed into of copper alloy of Preparation Method preparation is machined out rear stress relief annealing, and annealing temperature is 300 DEG C, and the time is
2h。
3. a kind of copper alloy of resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the coverture
Total additional amount is the 2.0%-2.5% of copper alloy quality, and the coverture is the mixture of anhydrous ice crystal and graphite powder.
4. a kind of copper alloy of resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: in the coverture
The weight ratio of anhydrous ice crystal and graphite powder is 1:3.
5. the copper alloy of the resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand as claimed in claim 4 a kind of, it is characterised in that: the coverture the
Overlay capacity is the 70% of total additional amount, and second of overlay capacity is the 30% of total additional amount.
6. a kind of copper alloy of resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: melted in step (2)
Furnace uses furnace lining material for the power frequency coreless type induction furnace of silica sand, preheats and be baked to dark red formation flue.
7. a kind of copper alloy of resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the Cu-Mn
Between in alloy the mass percent of Mn be not less than 19.8%, surplus is copper.
8. a kind of copper alloy of resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the Cu-Fe
Between in alloy the mass percent of Fe be not less than 9.8%, surplus is copper.
9. a kind of copper alloy of resistance to abrasion of seawater corrosion containing sand as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the Cu-Co
Between in alloy the mass percent of Co be not less than 4.8%, surplus is copper.
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