CN107389202B - Non-contact optical temperature measuring device and fuzzy control method thereof - Google Patents
Non-contact optical temperature measuring device and fuzzy control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107389202B CN107389202B CN201710680236.8A CN201710680236A CN107389202B CN 107389202 B CN107389202 B CN 107389202B CN 201710680236 A CN201710680236 A CN 201710680236A CN 107389202 B CN107389202 B CN 107389202B
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- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-contact optical temperature measuring device, which comprises: a first temperature measuring plate; the second temperature measuring plate is arranged opposite to the first temperature measuring plate; the optical detection devices are arranged on the temperature measuring plate at equal intervals and comprise an optical system and a detector, and when infrared energy radiated by a detected object is transmitted to the array optical detection device through an atmosphere medium, the optical system gathers the energy radiated by the target to the detector; the environment temperature and humidity temperature measuring module is arranged on the first temperature measuring plate; the data processing device is connected with the optical detection device and the environment temperature measurement module; the method is used for recording the electric signals transmitted by the detection device and the temperature and humidity sensor, calculating the real temperature of the measured object according to the transmitted electric signals, and further comprises a fuzzy control method of the non-contact optical measuring device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical temperature measurement, in particular to a non-contact optical temperature measurement device and a fuzzy control method of the non-contact optical temperature measurement device.
Background
When any object is above absolute zero, the energy is radiated outwards in the form of electromagnetic wave with certain wavelength, the radiation type temperature measuring instrument is manufactured by utilizing the principle that the radiation energy of the object changes along with the temperature, and when the temperature measuring instrument is used for measuring, the optical receiving system of the thermometer is only required to be aligned to the measured object without contacting the object, so that the temperature of the moving object can be measured without damaging the temperature field of the object.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs and develops a non-contact optical temperature measuring device, which adopts the temperature measuring plates which are arranged oppositely, can accommodate moving objects to pass through, and is easy to measure and practical.
The invention also aims to provide a fuzzy control method of the non-contact optical temperature measuring device, wherein the measured object height is calculated and calibrated to be the object temperature through the environment temperature and humidity, so that the measuring error can be effectively reduced, and the universality is good.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a non-contact optical temperature measurement device, comprising:
a first temperature measuring plate;
the second temperature measuring plate is arranged opposite to the first temperature measuring plate;
the optical detection devices are arranged on the temperature measuring plate at equal intervals and comprise an optical system and a detector, and when infrared energy radiated by a detected object is transmitted to the array optical detection device through an atmosphere medium, the optical system gathers the energy radiated by the target to the detector;
the environment temperature and humidity temperature measuring module is arranged on the first temperature measuring plate;
the data processing device is connected with the optical detection device and the environment temperature measurement module; the temperature and humidity sensor is used for recording electric signals transmitted by the detection device and the temperature and humidity sensor and calculating the actual temperature of the measured object according to the transmitted electric signals.
Preferably, the detector is a photomultiplier tube detector or a polysilicon material near infrared detector.
Preferably, the method further comprises: the height measuring device is arranged above the first temperature measuring plate through a bent beam and is used for detecting the height of the measured object.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
a display arranged outside the second temperature measuring plate;
the power supply module is arranged in the second temperature measuring plate and is connected with the array type optical detection device, the environment temperature and humidity temperature measuring module and the data processing device.
Preferably, the display uses a liquid crystal display to display the temperature calculated by the data processing device.
Preferably, the bent beam is in a right angle shape, one end of the bent beam is fixedly arranged above the first temperature measuring plate, and the other end of the bent beam is connected with the height measuring device.
A fuzzy control method of a non-contact optical temperature measuring device comprises the following steps:
step one: the temperature of the detected object is detected by a plurality of optical detection devices and is recorded as T 1 ,T 2 ,T 3 …T n The height measuring sensor detects the object height h c Calculating apparent temperature T of measured object mea ；
Step two: temperature sensor monitors ambient temperature T env The humidity sensor detects the ambient humidity RH env Inputting an ambient temperature signal, an ambient humidity signal and a height signal of the measured object into a fuzzy controller to obtain a temperature error signal;
step three: and correcting the apparent emissivity to obtain the intermediate temperature of the measured object, and calculating the actual temperature according to the apparent temperature of the measured object and the error signal.
Preferably, the fuzzy set of the environmental humidity signal and the height signal of the measured object is: { NB, NM, NS, ZR, PS, PM, PB }, NB represents negative big, NM represents negative small, ZR represents zero, PS represents positive small, PM represents positive big, and their arguments are: { -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6}.
Preferably, in the third step, the intermediate temperature emissivity correction calculation formula is:
wherein sigma is the mean square error of the sampled data, epsilon is the emissivity, and the value is 0.1-0.9.
Preferably, the actual variation range of the temperature error signal is [ χ ] min ,χ mac ]The calculation formula is as follows:
alpha is the detection angle of the optical system, T max For the highest temperature detected by the optical detection means,
the sigma is the mean square error of the sampled data; x-shaped articles min ＝-χ max 。
The beneficial effects of the invention are that
The invention designs and develops a non-contact optical temperature measuring device, which adopts a temperature measuring plate which is arranged oppositely, can accommodate moving objects to pass through, is easy to measure and practical, and also provides a fuzzy control method of the non-contact optical temperature measuring device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a non-contact optical temperature measuring device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a non-contact optical temperature measuring device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a table of membership functions of the ambient temperature T according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the non-contact optical temperature measuring device provided by the present invention includes: the device comprises a first temperature measuring plate 100, a second temperature measuring plate 200, an optical detection device 300 and an environment temperature and humidity temperature measuring module 400;
wherein the first temperature measuring plate 100 and the second temperature measuring plate 200 are arranged oppositely, the plurality of optical detection devices 300 are arranged on the temperature measuring plate at equal intervals, the optical detection devices 300 comprise an optical system 310 and a detector 320, and when infrared energy radiated by an object to be detected is transmitted to the optical detection devices 300 through an atmosphere medium, the optical system 310 gathers the energy radiated by the object to the detector 320; the environmental temperature and humidity temperature measuring module 400 is arranged on the first temperature measuring plate 100; the data processing device 500 is connected with the optical detection device 300 and the environment temperature measurement module 400; the detector 320 is preferably a photomultiplier tube detector or a polysilicon material near infrared detector.
In another embodiment, the non-contact optical temperature measuring device further includes a height measuring device 600, which is disposed above the first temperature measuring plate 100 through a bent beam 610, and is used for detecting the height of the measured object, where the bent beam 610 is in a right angle shape, and one end of the bent beam is fixedly disposed above the first temperature measuring plate 100, and the other end of the bent beam is connected to the height measuring device 600.
In another embodiment, the method further comprises: a display disposed outside the second temperature measuring plate 200; the power supply module is disposed in the second temperature measuring plate 200 and is connected to the optical detection device 300, the ambient temperature and humidity measuring module 400 and the data processing device 500, and preferably, the display is a liquid crystal display, and displays the temperature calculated by the data processing device.
A fuzzy control method of a non-contact optical temperature measuring device comprises the following steps:
step one: the temperature of the detected object is detected by a plurality of optical detection devices, and the temperature is recorded as T from bottom to top according to the installation position of the optical detection devices 0 ,T 1 ,T 2 ,T 3 …T n The height measuring sensor detects the object height h c Calculating apparent temperature T of measured object mea ；
Calculation of
For convenience of description, the calculated ratio is denoted as I, i.e. +.>
Wherein D is the height of the first temperature measuring plate and the second temperature measuring plate base; m is the interval of the optical detection device;
rounding the obtained ratio I, and marking the integer value as [ I ] =k;
if I is greater than or equal to k+0.5, the apparent temperature of the measured object is
If I is less than k+0.5, the apparent temperature of the measured object is
Wherein T is max For the highest temperature, T, detected by the optical detection means min Alpha is the detection angle of the optical system for the lowest temperature detected by the optical detection device;
step two: temperature sensor monitors ambient temperature T env The humidity sensor detects the ambient humidity RH env Inputting an ambient temperature signal, an ambient humidity signal and a height signal of the measured object into a fuzzy controller to obtain a temperature error signal;
a fuzzy control method of a non-contact optical temperature measuring device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: the temperature of the detected object is detected by a plurality of optical detection devices and is recorded as T 1 ,T 2 ,T 3 …T n The height measuring sensor detects the object height h c Calculating apparent temperature T of measured object mea ；
Step two: temperature sensor monitors ambient temperature T env The humidity sensor detects the ambient humidity RH env Inputting an ambient temperature signal, an ambient humidity signal and a height signal of the measured object into a fuzzy controller to obtain a temperature error signal;
step three: correcting the apparent emissivity to obtain the intermediate temperature of the measured object,
the intermediate temperature emissivity correction calculation formula is:
wherein sigma is the mean square error of the sampled data, epsilon is the emissivity, and the value is 0.1-0.9.
The temperature sensor detects the ambient temperature T, the humidity sensor detects the ambient humidity RH, and the measured object height h;
wherein, the actual variation ranges of T, RH and h are respectively [ -30,30], [ -0.5,0.5], [0,3]; the discrete domains of T are { -2, -1,0,1,2} RH, and the discrete domains of h are { -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6}
Then the scale factor k 1 ＝2/30，k 2 ＝6/0.5，k 3 ＝6/1.5
The actual change value of the error χ is [ χ ] min ,χ max ]Maximum error χ max And minimum error χ min
Recording temperature signals acquired by the optical detection device in a sampling period, and selecting the highest temperature detected by the optical detection device;
the actual change range solving and calculating formula of the error χ is as follows:
alpha is the detection angle of the optical system, T max For the highest temperature detected by the optical detection means,
the sigma is the mean square error of the sampled data; x-shaped articles min ＝-χ max 。
The discrete domains of the error signal are { -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6}
The scale factor is k 4 ＝12/(χ max -χ min )
Defining fuzzy subsets and membership functions
The ambient temperature T is divided into 3 fuzzy states: PB (positive large), PM (median), PS (positive small), combined with experience
The membership function table of the water temperature T is shown in figure 3, and the membership function table of the environment temperature T is used for processing the environmentHumidity RH is divided into seven fuzzy states: PB (positive large), PM (median), PS (positive small), 0 (zero), NS (negative small), NM (negative medium), NB (negative large), and empirically derived membership functions of yam weight Q are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 membership function table of ambient humidity RH
| Q | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | -0 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +4 | +5 | +6 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 1.0 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NM | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NS | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Dividing the height h of the measured object into seven fuzzy states: PB (positive large), PM (median), PS (positive small), 0 (zero), NS (negative small), NM (negative median), NB (negative large), and empirically derived membership functions of turbidity ω in the washer, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 membership function table of measured object height h
| ω | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | -0 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +4 | +5 | +6 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 1.0 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NM | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NS | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The fuzzy reasoning process must execute complex matrix operation, the calculated amount is very large, the real-time requirement of the control system is difficult to be met by on-line implementation reasoning.
The preliminary control rules of the fuzzy controller can be summarized empirically, wherein the parameter χ control rules are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 shows a fuzzy control rule table
The fuzzy controller defuzzifies the output signal according to the obtained fuzzy value to obtain a temperature error, solves a fuzzy control lookup table, and solves a fuzzy control lookup table by adopting single-point fuzzification as the fuzzy control rule and can be expressed as a fuzzy matrix because the discourse domain is discrete.
Calculating the actual temperature according to the apparent temperature of the measured object and the error signal, T mid ＝T mea +χ。
In another embodiment, the actual variation range of the error χ is solved by adopting an average point selection method, and the process is as follows:
and averaging the positive strokes of each calibration cycle of the optical temperature measuring device to obtain an average straight line.
All experimental data (n n ,T n ) Dividing into two groups requiring approximately equal experimental data for both groups, where n n For the number of experimental data, T n Is equal to n n Corresponding temperature calibration data, u n The apparent temperature detected by the optical temperature measuring device is output. I.e. u n ＝T mea
Each set of data has its own "point system center" with coordinates:
all the detection data (u n ，T n ) Respectively carrying into (1) and (2) to obtain two coordinates of the center of the point system
Through two 'point system centers'
The straight line of (2) is a regression straight line.
Solving the slope kappa and intercept b of regression line
Slope of
Intercept->
Regression line equation u n ＝T n ·κ+b
Substituting the regression line equation into the temperature experimental data T n The output value u is obtained n 。
Calculating an output value u n Maximum deviation Δl from nominal average max
The invention designs and develops a non-contact optical temperature measuring device, which adopts a temperature measuring plate which is arranged oppositely, can accommodate moving objects to pass through, is easy to measure and practical, and also provides a fuzzy control method of the non-contact optical temperature measuring device.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. A fuzzy control method of a non-contact optical temperature measuring device, which uses a non-contact optical temperature measuring device, comprises the following steps:
a first temperature measuring plate;
the second temperature measuring plate is arranged opposite to the first temperature measuring plate;
the optical detection devices are arranged on the temperature measuring plate at equal intervals and comprise an optical system and a detector, and when infrared energy radiated by a detected object is transmitted to the array optical detection device through an atmosphere medium, the optical system gathers the energy radiated by the target to the detector;
the environment temperature and humidity temperature measuring module is arranged on the first temperature measuring plate;
the data processing device is connected with the optical detection device and the environment temperature and humidity temperature measuring module; the temperature and humidity sensor is used for recording electric signals transmitted by the detection device and the temperature and humidity sensor and calculating the real temperature of the measured object according to the transmitted electric signals;
characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: the temperature of the detected object is detected by a plurality of optical detection devices and is recorded as T 1 ,T 2 ,T 3 …T n The height measuring sensor detects the object height h c Calculating apparent temperature T of measured object mea ；
Calculation of
The calculated ratio is denoted as I, i.e. +.>
Wherein D is the height of the first temperature measuring plate and the second temperature measuring plate base; m is the interval of the optical detection device;
rounding the obtained ratio I, and marking the integer value as [ I ] =k;
if I is greater than or equal to k+0.5, the apparent temperature of the measured object is
If I is less than k+0.5, the apparent temperature of the measured object is
Wherein T is max For the highest temperature, T, detected by the optical detection means min Alpha is the detection angle of the optical system for the lowest temperature detected by the optical detection device;
step two: temperature sensor monitors ambient temperature T env The humidity sensor detects the ambient humidity RH env Inputting an ambient temperature signal, an ambient humidity signal and a height signal of the measured object into a fuzzy controller to obtain a temperature error signal;
step three: performing emissivity correction on the apparent temperature to obtain the intermediate temperature of the measured object, and calculating to obtain the actual temperature according to the apparent temperature of the measured object and an error signal;
the fuzzy set of the environmental humidity signal and the height signal of the measured object is as follows: { NB, NM, NS, ZR, PS, PM, PB }, NB represents negative big, NM represents negative small, ZR represents zero, PS represents positive small, PM represents positive big, and their arguments are: { -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6};
in the third step, the intermediate temperature emissivity correction calculation formula is as follows:
wherein sigma is the mean square error of the sampled data, epsilon is the emissivity, and the value is 0.1-0.9;
the actual variation range of the temperature error signal is [ χ ] min ,χ max ]The calculation formula is as follows:
alpha is the detection angle of the optical system, T max For the highest temperature detected by the optical detection means,
the sigma is the mean square error of the sampled data; x-shaped articles min ＝-χ max 。/>
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