CN107384055A - A kind of permanent seal cooling super-hydrophobic coat and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of permanent seal cooling super-hydrophobic coat and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 10
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- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 5
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于涂料的制备和应用技术领域,具体涉及一种耐久型超疏水涂层及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation and application of coatings, and in particular relates to a durable superhydrophobic coating and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
超疏水表面指与水滴的接触角大于150°,滚动角小于10°的表面。自“荷叶效应”发现以来,超疏水表面在自清洁、防腐防霉、防冰防霜和油水分离等领域具有广泛应用。传统的超疏水表面制备方法,主要是通过仿生手段在基材表面构建微纳米粗糙结构,并用低表面能物质修饰,或者直接在低表面能材料表面构建粗糙结构。这些方法对基底材料要求较高,工艺设备较为复杂,实现规模化生产较为困难。故而,若化繁为简,制备含有微纳颗粒的超疏水涂层,将其涂覆于所需基底表面上,则对基材本身无过多要求,容易实现,且易于规模化生产。A superhydrophobic surface refers to a surface with a contact angle with water droplets greater than 150° and a roll angle less than 10°. Since the discovery of the "lotus leaf effect", superhydrophobic surfaces have been widely used in fields such as self-cleaning, anti-corrosion and anti-mildew, anti-icing and anti-frost, and oil-water separation. The traditional superhydrophobic surface preparation method is mainly to construct micro-nano rough structure on the surface of the substrate by bionic means, and modify it with low surface energy substances, or directly construct a rough structure on the surface of low surface energy materials. These methods have higher requirements on substrate materials, more complicated process equipment, and more difficult to achieve large-scale production. Therefore, if the complexity is simplified, a superhydrophobic coating containing micro-nano particles is prepared and coated on the surface of the desired substrate, there are no excessive requirements on the substrate itself, and it is easy to realize and large-scale production.
随着对超疏水涂层的深入研究,发现超疏水性和耐磨性在一定程度上互相矛盾。具有良好超疏水性能的涂层一般树脂含量少,颗粒含量多,在外力作用下,颗粒容易脱落,涂层耐磨性差。而若增加树脂含量,颗粒则易被树脂覆盖,涂层粗糙度下降,超疏水性能变差。因此,如何解决这一矛盾,保证涂层超疏水性能的同时提高其耐磨性成为研究热点。近年来,提出的主要方法包括增强涂层与基底间结合力,防止颗粒在机械作用力下部分或完全脱落从而降低表面粗糙度,这种方法对耐磨性的提高有限,若要达到良好效果,通常需要在涂层和基底之间另外加上一层底漆,这又使工艺变得复杂,且用料价格昂贵。With the in-depth study of superhydrophobic coatings, it is found that superhydrophobicity and wear resistance are contradictory to a certain extent. Coatings with good superhydrophobic properties generally have less resin content and more particles. Under the action of external force, the particles are easy to fall off, and the coating has poor wear resistance. However, if the resin content is increased, the particles are easily covered by the resin, the coating roughness decreases, and the superhydrophobic performance deteriorates. Therefore, how to solve this contradiction and improve the wear resistance while ensuring the superhydrophobic properties of the coating has become a research hotspot. In recent years, the main methods proposed include enhancing the bonding force between the coating and the substrate, preventing the particles from falling off partially or completely under mechanical force and reducing the surface roughness. This method has limited improvement in wear resistance. To achieve good results , It is usually necessary to add another layer of primer between the coating and the substrate, which makes the process more complicated and the materials are expensive.
基于此,本发明提出了一种新的制备耐久型超疏水涂层的方法,有效解决了超疏水性与耐磨性互相矛盾这一技术难题。该方法不需另外配备底漆,设备工艺简单、易操作,适合大规模制备生产,所得的涂层耐磨性良好,超疏水特性不易被破坏,适用于各种常见基底材料,可广泛应用于超疏水领域。Based on this, the present invention proposes a new method for preparing a durable superhydrophobic coating, which effectively solves the technical problem of the contradiction between superhydrophobicity and wear resistance. This method does not need additional primer, the equipment process is simple and easy to operate, and is suitable for large-scale production. The obtained coating has good wear resistance and superhydrophobic properties are not easy to be damaged. It is suitable for various common substrate materials and can be widely used superhydrophobic domain.
发明内容Contents of the invention
解决的技术问题:为解决超疏水表面不耐磨这一技术难题,本发明提供一种耐久型超疏水涂层及其制备方法。本发明设备工艺简单、易操作,适合大规模制备生产。Technical problem to be solved: In order to solve the technical problem that the superhydrophobic surface is not wear-resistant, the present invention provides a durable superhydrophobic coating and a preparation method thereof. The equipment of the invention has simple process and easy operation, and is suitable for large-scale preparation and production.
技术方案:一种耐久型超疏水涂层的制备方法,制备步骤为:杂化涂料制备:100-500rpm低速机械搅拌条件下,在挥发性有机溶剂中先后加入疏水性微纳颗粒、疏水性树脂和固化剂,随后1000-2000rpm高速搅拌5-15min,再超声分散5-10min,获得杂化涂料;半固化涂层:将杂化涂料涂覆于基材表面并半固化;完全固化:将半固化涂层浸泡于固化剂与挥发性有机溶剂混合浸泡液中5-60min,取出后干燥可得具有良好耐磨性的耐久型超疏水涂层。Technical solution: A method for preparing a durable super-hydrophobic coating, the preparation steps are: hybrid coating preparation: under the condition of 100-500rpm low-speed mechanical stirring, add hydrophobic micro-nano particles and hydrophobic resin successively in a volatile organic solvent and curing agent, followed by high-speed stirring at 1000-2000rpm for 5-15 minutes, and then ultrasonically dispersed for 5-10 minutes to obtain a hybrid coating; semi-cured coating: apply the hybrid coating on the surface of the substrate and semi-cure; Soak the cured coating in the soaking solution mixed with curing agent and volatile organic solvent for 5-60 minutes, take it out and dry it to get a durable super-hydrophobic coating with good wear resistance.
优选的,上述疏水性微纳颗粒为粒径10nm-50μm的疏水性二氧化硅、金刚砂、二氧化钛、碳纳米管、炭黑或石墨中的至少一种,所述疏水性树脂为能室温固化的氟碳树脂或有机硅树脂,固化剂为异氰酸酯。Preferably, the above-mentioned hydrophobic micro-nano particles are at least one of hydrophobic silicon dioxide, corundum, titanium dioxide, carbon nanotubes, carbon black or graphite with a particle size of 10nm-50μm, and the hydrophobic resin can be cured at room temperature Fluorocarbon resin or silicone resin, the curing agent is isocyanate.
优选的,上述杂化涂料中各成分质量配比为:挥发性有机溶剂10-25份,疏水性微纳颗粒0.6-2.2份,疏水性树脂3-7.5份,固化剂不超过1份,疏水性微纳颗粒与疏水性树脂的质量比为(2-3):10,固化剂用量为完全固化时用量的30-80wt.%。Preferably, the mass ratio of each component in the above-mentioned hybrid coating is: 10-25 parts of volatile organic solvent, 0.6-2.2 parts of hydrophobic micro-nano particles, 3-7.5 parts of hydrophobic resin, no more than 1 part of curing agent, hydrophobic The mass ratio of permanent micro-nano particles to hydrophobic resin is (2-3):10, and the amount of curing agent is 30-80wt.% of the amount used for complete curing.
优选的,上述半固化是指涂层涂覆后室温放置8-20h,未完全固化;所述的完全固化时用到的固化剂和挥发性有机溶剂混合浸泡溶液,与杂化涂料中用到的固化剂和挥发性有机溶剂种类相同,包含不超过1质量份的固化剂和20质量份的挥发性有机溶剂。Preferably, the above-mentioned semi-curing means that the coating is placed at room temperature for 8-20 hours after coating, and it is not fully cured; the curing agent used in the complete curing and the volatile organic solvent are mixed with the soaking solution, which is used in the hybrid coating. The curing agent and the volatile organic solvent are of the same type, containing no more than 1 mass part of the curing agent and 20 mass parts of the volatile organic solvent.
优选的,上述涂覆方式为刷涂、喷涂、辊涂或浸涂。Preferably, the above-mentioned coating method is brush coating, spray coating, roller coating or dip coating.
优选的,上述基材为金属、玻璃、木材或混凝土。Preferably, the aforementioned substrate is metal, glass, wood or concrete.
优选的,上述挥发性有机溶剂为酮类、醇类或酯类中的至少一种。Preferably, the above-mentioned volatile organic solvent is at least one of ketones, alcohols or esters.
上述方法制得的耐久型超疏水涂层。A durable superhydrophobic coating prepared by the above method.
有益效果:(1)将疏水性微纳颗粒首先分散于挥发性有机溶剂中,有利于提高随后颗粒在树脂中分散的均匀性,有效避免了颗粒团聚的发生。(2)疏水性微纳颗粒与疏水性树脂的质量比控制在(2-3):10范围内,一方面保证了足够的颗粒数目,颗粒不会完全被树脂覆盖,另一方面,树脂含量多,对颗粒粘接性好,且与基底间结合力好。(3)对杂化涂料进行半固化处理,促使颗粒与树脂粘接,但因未完全固化,颗粒与树脂间粘接不过分紧密,有利于后续浸泡过程中颗粒的裸露,从而达到理想的粗糙结构。(4)使用浸泡这一简单工艺,一方面促使树脂发生溶解,表层颗粒不断裸露,粗糙度提高,超疏水性更好;另一方面促进固化,提高颗粒与树脂间粘接程度,去除表层粘接不牢固的颗粒,增强涂层透明性,全面提高涂层耐磨性。(5)本发明所述制备方法对基底材料和其形状没有特殊要求,适用于金属、玻璃、木材、混凝土等各种常见基材表面,设备简单、易操作,成本低廉,可大面积施工,在自清洁、防腐防霉、防冰防霜和油水分离等超疏水领域有巨大的应用价值。Beneficial effects: (1) Dispersing the hydrophobic micro-nano particles in a volatile organic solvent first helps to improve the uniformity of subsequent dispersion of the particles in the resin, and effectively avoids the occurrence of particle agglomeration. (2) The mass ratio of hydrophobic micro-nano particles to hydrophobic resin is controlled in the range of (2-3):10. On the one hand, sufficient particle number is ensured, and the particles will not be completely covered by resin. On the other hand, the resin content More, good adhesion to particles, and good bonding force with the substrate. (3) Perform semi-curing treatment on the hybrid coating to promote the bonding between the particles and the resin, but because the particles are not fully cured, the bonding between the particles and the resin is not too tight, which is conducive to the exposure of the particles in the subsequent immersion process, so as to achieve the ideal roughness structure. (4) Using the simple process of soaking, on the one hand, it promotes the dissolution of the resin, the surface particles are continuously exposed, the roughness is improved, and the superhydrophobicity is better; Unfixed particles, enhance the transparency of the coating, and comprehensively improve the wear resistance of the coating. (5) The preparation method of the present invention has no special requirements on the substrate material and its shape, and is suitable for the surface of various common substrates such as metal, glass, wood, concrete, etc., with simple equipment, easy operation, low cost, and large-scale construction. It has great application value in superhydrophobic fields such as self-cleaning, anti-corrosion and anti-mildew, anti-icing and anti-frost, and oil-water separation.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1. 未经浸泡处理的涂层的水滴接触角光学照片。Figure 1. Optical photographs of the water drop contact angle of the coating without immersion treatment.
图2. 未经浸泡处理的涂层的扫描电子显微镜照片。Figure 2. Scanning electron micrograph of the coating without immersion treatment.
图3. 浸泡后获得的超疏水涂层的水滴接触角光学照片。Figure 3. Optical photographs of water droplet contact angles of superhydrophobic coatings obtained after immersion.
图4. 浸泡后获得的超疏水涂层的扫描电子显微镜照片。Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of the superhydrophobic coating obtained after immersion.
图5. 浸泡后获得的超疏水涂层经砂纸打磨80个周期后表面的扫描电子显微镜照片。Fig. 5. Scanning electron micrographs of the surface of the superhydrophobic coating obtained after immersion after 80 cycles of sanding.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人是能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变换或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The following examples are only to illustrate the technical conception and characteristics of the present invention, and its purpose is to allow people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention with this. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
在400rpm低速搅拌条件下,向10份乙酸丁酯溶液中先后加入0.6份疏水性微纳米二氧化钛颗粒、3份FEVE树脂和0.7份六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体固化剂,1500rpm高速搅拌10min,再超声分散5min,将所得涂料刷涂于玻璃片表面,室温固化24h,其水接触角为146.5°,滚动角为23.1°。图1为所得涂层的水滴接触角光学照片,图2为该涂层的扫描电子显微镜照片。Under the condition of stirring at a low speed of 400rpm, 0.6 parts of hydrophobic micro-nano titanium dioxide particles, 3 parts of FEVE resin and 0.7 parts of hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer curing agent were successively added to 10 parts of butyl acetate solution, and stirred at a high speed of 1500 rpm for 10 minutes. After ultrasonic dispersion for 5 minutes, the obtained coating was brushed on the surface of the glass sheet and cured at room temperature for 24 hours. The water contact angle was 146.5° and the rolling angle was 23.1°. Figure 1 is an optical photo of the water drop contact angle of the obtained coating, and Figure 2 is a scanning electron microscope photo of the coating.
实施例2Example 2
在500rpm低速搅拌条件下,向20份乙酸丁酯溶液中先后加入1.5份疏水性微纳米气相二氧化硅颗粒、6份FEVE树脂和1份六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体固化剂,1500rpm高速搅拌15min,再超声分散10min,将所得涂料刷涂于玻璃片表面,得到若干试样。取出一部分试样不经浸泡,直接室温干燥24h完全固化。取剩余试样室温干燥16h,达半固化状态。将1份六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体固化剂加入到20份乙酸丁酯溶液中,超声分散10min使混合均匀,配制成浸泡液。让半固化涂层浸没于该浸泡液中30min,取出后室温干燥24h完全固化。未经浸泡处理的涂层的水接触角为147.4°,滚动角为15.0°;经浸泡处理的涂层的水接触角为157.6°,滚动角为1.0°。图3为经浸泡处理的涂层的水滴接触角光学照片,图4为其扫描电子显微镜照片。Under the condition of 500rpm low-speed stirring, add 1.5 parts of hydrophobic micro-nano fumed silica particles, 6 parts of FEVE resin and 1 part of hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer curing agent to 20 parts of butyl acetate solution, 1500rpm high speed Stir for 15 minutes, then ultrasonically disperse for 10 minutes, brush the obtained paint on the surface of the glass sheet, and obtain several samples. Take out a part of the sample without soaking, and dry it at room temperature for 24 hours to completely cure. Take the remaining sample and dry it at room temperature for 16 hours to reach a semi-cured state. Add 1 part of hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer curing agent to 20 parts of butyl acetate solution, ultrasonically disperse for 10 minutes to mix evenly, and prepare soaking solution. Let the semi-cured coating be immersed in the immersion solution for 30 minutes, take it out and dry it at room temperature for 24 hours to completely cure. The water contact angle of the unsoaked coating was 147.4°, and the rolling angle was 15.0°; the water contact angle of the soaked coating was 157.6°, and the rolling angle was 1.0°. Figure 3 is an optical photo of the water drop contact angle of the soaked coating, and Figure 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of it.
实施例3Example 3
在500rpm低速搅拌条件下,向15份乙酸丁酯溶液中先后加入1份疏水性碳纳米管颗粒、4份FEVE树脂和0.8份六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体固化剂,1800rpm高速搅拌10min,再超声分散10min,将所得涂料刷涂于玻璃片表面,室温干燥20h使其半固化。将0.5份六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体固化剂加入到20份乙酸丁酯溶液中,超声分散15min使混合均匀,配制成浸泡液。让半固化涂层浸没于该浸泡液中60min,取出后室温干燥24h完全固化,所得涂层的水接触角为159.4°,滚动角为1.0°。Under the condition of 500rpm low-speed stirring, 1 part of hydrophobic carbon nanotube particles, 4 parts of FEVE resin and 0.8 part of hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer curing agent were successively added to 15 parts of butyl acetate solution, and 1800 rpm was stirred at high speed for 10 minutes. Then ultrasonically disperse for 10 minutes, brush the resulting paint on the surface of the glass sheet, and dry it at room temperature for 20 hours to make it semi-cured. Add 0.5 parts of hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer curing agent to 20 parts of butyl acetate solution, ultrasonically disperse for 15 minutes to mix evenly, and prepare soaking solution. Let the semi-cured coating be immersed in the soaking solution for 60 minutes, take it out and dry it at room temperature for 24 hours to completely cure. The water contact angle of the obtained coating is 159.4°, and the rolling angle is 1.0°.
实施例4Example 4
在500rpm低速搅拌条件下,向25份丙酮溶液中先后加入2.2份疏水性微纳米链式二氧化硅颗粒和7.5份41082型氟碳树脂,1500rpm高速搅拌15min,再超声分散5min,将所得涂料喷涂于玻璃片表面,室温干燥8h使其半固化,而后浸没于丙酮溶液中5min,取出后80℃固化24h,所得涂层的水接触角为152.2°,滚动角为9.0°。Under the condition of 500rpm low-speed stirring, add 2.2 parts of hydrophobic micro-nano chain silica particles and 7.5 parts of 41082 type fluorocarbon resin to 25 parts of acetone solution, stir at 1500rpm at high speed for 15 minutes, then ultrasonically disperse for 5 minutes, and spray the obtained coating On the glass surface, dry at room temperature for 8 hours to make it semi-cured, then immerse in acetone solution for 5 minutes, take it out and cure at 80°C for 24 hours, the water contact angle of the obtained coating is 152.2°, and the rolling angle is 9.0°.
实施例5Example 5
取出实施例2所得的未经浸泡处理的涂层和经浸泡处理的涂层若干,让它们分别在100g砝码压力下,于1200目砂纸上摩擦,直至滚动角大于20°。每个摩擦周期指横向、纵向各摩擦10cm。未经浸泡处理的涂层摩擦5个周期后,水接触角为146.8°,滚动角为45.6°。经浸泡处理的涂层摩擦80个周期后,水接触角为148.2°,滚动角为20.6°。图5为经浸泡处理的涂层摩擦80个周期后表面的扫描电子显微镜照片。Take out the non-soaked coating and the soaked coating obtained in Example 2, and let them rub under 100g weight pressure on 1200 mesh sandpaper until the rolling angle is greater than 20°. Each rubbing cycle refers to rubbing 10cm horizontally and vertically. The water contact angle of the coating without immersion treatment was 146.8° and the rolling angle was 45.6° after 5 cycles of friction. After soaking the coating for 80 cycles, the water contact angle was 148.2°, and the rolling angle was 20.6°. Figure 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of the surface of the soaked coating after rubbing for 80 cycles.
实施例6Example 6
取出实施例2所得的未经浸泡处理的涂层和经浸泡处理的涂层若干,测量它们的平均透光率。在400-800nm波长范围内,未经浸泡处理的涂层平均透光率为60%;经浸泡处理的涂层平均透光率为82%。Take out the unsoaked coating obtained in Example 2 and several soaked coatings, and measure their average light transmittance. In the wavelength range of 400-800nm, the average light transmittance of the coating without immersion treatment is 60%; the average light transmittance of the coating after immersion treatment is 82%.
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