The continuation of converted wave wideband and the method for improving converted waves data resolution ratio
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil exploration seism processing fields, specifically, being related to a kind of converted wave wideband continuation side
Method and a kind of method for improving converted waves data resolution ratio.
Background technique
With deepening continuously for western China earthquake exploration, more since multiband fusion can provide conventional longitudinal wave exploration more data
And information, it is more convenient for improving the precision of prediction of untraditional reservoir, so multiband fusion is increasingly becoming untraditional reservoir earthquake
Explore one of the project of primary study.But the converted wave in multiband fusion is due to by reflexive property, formation absorption, surface conditions
Be affected, the converted wave data collected often haves the characteristics that resolution ratio is low, frequency range is narrow, dominant frequency is too low, nothing
Method reaches the requirement with longitudinal wave Combined Treatment, so the emphasis of multiband fusion processing is the resolution for how effectively improving converted wave
Rate.
The high resolution processing technique of mainstream is the technology by deconvolution based on theoretical at present, but such method have it is more
Assumed condition does not make full use of the defects of more wave properties of longitudinal wave and converted wave, and the deconvolution operator sought is to data point
The influence of resolution exists uncertain, the resolution requirement that longitudinal wave is not achieved in converted waves data resolution ratio after frequency is proposed, along with ground
There are large effects to the absorption of seismic wave for layer, and surface-seismic data is caused to lack corresponding high-frequency information, thus by compared with
Narrow-band scope limitation cannot effectively carry out the processing for improving converted wave resolution ratio.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least one in deficiencies of the prior art.
For example, it is an object of the present invention to rationally carry out wideband continuation to converted wave using longitudinal wave.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of converted wave wideband continuation methods, which comprises to adopting
The converted wave seismic data and longitudinal wave earthquake data collected, obtains converted wave prestack trace gather data after pretreatment and longitudinal wave is folded
Preceding trace gather data, the method can also include: for same target zone, and determining from the converted wave prestack trace gather data should
The effective band range of time range and converted wave where target zone determines the purpose from the longitudinal wave prestack trace gather data
The effective band range of time range and longitudinal wave where layer;The effective band range of the converted wave is widened, is obtained
The band limits of wideband continuation is needed, the band limits for needing wideband continuation includes and is wider than the effective band model of the converted wave
It encloses;It in the band limits for needing wideband continuation, carries out curve fitting to the amplitude spectrum of converted wave target zone, obtains the first curve,
The curve matching that the same manner is carried out to the amplitude spectrum of longitudinal wave target zone obtains the second curve;For the frequency for needing wideband continuation
Each frequency in segment limit, the value of the second curve corresponding to the frequency than the first curve corresponding to the frequency value,
Continuation times multiplying factor as the frequency;In the band limits for needing wideband continuation, by the corresponding converted wave mesh of each frequency
The amplitude spectrum of layer wideband amplitude continuation is carried out multiplied by continuation times multiplying factor corresponding to the frequency, obtain converted wave wideband
Amplitude spectrum.
In an illustrative embodiment of the invention, the method can using bandpass filtering respectively to converted wave and longitudinal wave into
8~12 times of frequency scans multiplied of row, and then determine the effective band range of the converted wave and the effective band model of the longitudinal wave
It encloses.
In an illustrative embodiment of the invention, the method may additionally include the effective band model by converted wave
Before enclosing the step of being widened, place is normalized to the P wave data amplitude spectrum and converted waves data amplitude spectrum of target zone
Reason.
In an illustrative embodiment of the invention, what the step of curve matching can be fitted by multi-point average amplitude
Mode is realized.Wherein, the mode of multi-point average amplitude fitting can be with are as follows: by when window choose the frequency of the wideband continuation
Converted wave amplitude spectrum and P-wave amplitude spectrum in segment limit, and the fitting of multi-point average amplitude is carried out according to formula (1),
Wherein, j=2,3 ..., n-3;X (i), (i=k1,k2,......,kn-1,kn) be the window scope in frequency
Rate-amplitude modal data, i are frequency, k1For the initial frequency in the window scope, knFor the termination frequency in the window scope
Rate, subscript n indicate frequency number, and kn≧k1+10。
Another object of the present invention is to improve the resolution ratio of converted wave.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of method for improving converted waves data resolution ratio, the methods
Including converted wave wideband continuation method as described above, and using the converted wave wideband amplitude spectrum as zero-phase wavelet amplitude
Spectrum carries out the processing of wideband wavelet deconvolution to preprocessed obtained converted waves data, to obtain what resolution ratio was improved
Converted waves data.
Compared with prior art, advantageous effects of the invention include: that can carry out wideband to converted wave in conjunction with longitudinal wave
Continuation processing;The converted waves data that resolution ratio is improved can be obtained, is conducive to carry out subsequent prestack connection using converted wave
Close inversion procedure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows practical converted wave pre stack data.
Fig. 2 shows practical longitudinal wave pre stack datas.
Fig. 3 shows practical converted wave pre stack data amplitude spectrum.
Fig. 4 shows practical longitudinal wave pre stack data amplitude spectrum.
Fig. 5 shows practical converted wave pre stack data amplitude spectrum matched curve and the fitting of practical longitudinal wave pre stack data amplitude spectrum
Curve.
Fig. 6 shows the practical converted wave pre stack data after converted wave wideband continuation method processing of the invention.
Fig. 7 shows the practical longitudinal wave pre stack data after converted wave wideband continuation method processing of the invention.
Fig. 8 shows the practical converted wave pre stack data amplitude spectrum after converted wave wideband continuation method processing of the invention.
Fig. 9 shows the practical longitudinal wave pre stack data amplitude spectrum after converted wave wideband continuation method processing of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In the following detailed description, the converted wave wideband that the present invention will be described in detail will be carried out in conjunction with attached drawing and exemplary embodiment
Continuation method and the method for obtaining high resolution conversion wave number evidence.
For converted wave prestack trace gather data resolution is low, frequency range is narrow, is unable to satisfy and longitudinal wave prestack joint inversion
It is required that difficult point.Therefore, present invention is primarily intended to pass through the converted wave prestack trace gather to target zone in the case where geologic interpretation instructs
The accurate analysis of data and longitudinal wave prestack trace gather data determines that converted wave needs the frequency range of continuation;It is composed according to P-wave amplitude
It carries out curve fitting with converted wave amplitude spectrum, determines that converted wave prolongs by the ratio of longitudinal wave matched curve and converted wave matched curve
Open up a times multiplying factor;The amplitude continuation of converted wave amplitude spectrum wideband is realized using converted wave continuation times multiplying factor;And as zero phase
Wave-amplitude spectrum is convenient for the processing of wideband wavelet deconvolution, obtains and the comparable converted wave pre stack data of P wave data resolution ratio.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, converted wave wideband continuation method can be by following steps come real
It is existing:
(1) to collected converted wave seismic data and longitudinal wave earthquake data, the available converted wave after pretreatment
Prestack trace gather data and longitudinal wave prestack trace gather data.
(2) for same target zone, according to geologic interpretation needs, from the converted wave prestack trace gather data in step (1)
It determines the time range and effective band range where the target zone, is determined from the longitudinal wave prestack trace gather data in step (1)
Time range and effective band range where the target zone.
This step can be completed in the following manner:
(a) before the matching treatment of more wave layers position, for same target zone, longitudinal wave is different from the time fragment position of converted wave
, can have explanation experience personnel or before exploration data guidance under respectively determine longitudinal wave target zone time segment limit with
The time segment limit of converted wave target zone.
(b) for the target zone determined in step (a), the effective band of converted wave can be determined respectively in several ways
The effective band range of range and longitudinal wave.
For example, the target zone determined in step (a), can use the modes such as bandpass filtering respectively to longitudinal wave and conversion
Wave is determined the frequency scan of times multiplying factor, to determine the effective band range of longitudinal wave target zone and having for converted wave target zone
Imitate frequency range.For the mode of bandpass filtering, times multiplying factor of frequency scan can be 8~12.When multiplier is small again
When 8, it is possible to create fracture effect;When multiplier is greater than 12 again, it is inaccurate to may cause the data finally obtained.
(3) the effective band range of converted wave is widened, obtains the band limits for needing wideband continuation.Here, width is needed
The band limits of frequency continuation includes and is wider than the effective band range of converted wave.
Preferably, need the highest frequency value of the band limits of wideband continuation can achieve or more than longitudinal wave effective band model
0.75 times of the upper limit value enclosed, even also can reach the upper limit value of the effective band range of longitudinal wave, to be conducive to further
Improve the resolution ratio of converted waves data.In addition, needing the lowest frequency value of the band limits of wideband continuation may be 1 or zero, from
And be conducive to further increase the resolution ratio of converted waves data.In addition, method of the invention can also will need the frequency of wideband continuation
Segment limit is divided into two sub- frequency bands adjacent to each other, for example, can be divided into low-frequency range and high band, so as to more accurate and high
Converted wave is carried out continuation to high frequency direction and low frequency direction respectively by effect ground.
In addition, can also be incited somebody to action in order to which more efficient, more easily determining converted wave target zone needs the band limits of wideband continuation
The amplitude spectrum of converted wave target zone and the amplitude spectrum of longitudinal wave target zone are normalized in same panel, then will turn again
The effective band range for changing wave is widened, and the band limits for needing wideband continuation is obtained.
For example, this step can be completed in the following manner:
(a) standard for being 1 by maximum value in the two to the P wave data amplitude spectrum of target zone and converted waves data amplitude spectrum,
The P wave data amplitude spectrum and converted waves data amplitude spectrum of target zone are normalized, and are shown in same panel.
(b) with reference to the amplitude spectrum of the longitudinal wave target zone after the normalization in same panel and the amplitude of converted wave target zone
Spectrum, the effective band range of converted wave is widened, determines that converted wave needs to carry out the band limits of continuation processing.
(4) in the band limits for needing wideband continuation, the vibration of the amplitude spectrum to converted wave target zone and longitudinal wave target zone respectively
Width spectrum carries out the curve matching of the same manner, successively obtains the first curve and the second curve.
Here, curve matching can be realized in several ways.For example, can be using the side of multi-point average amplitude fitting
Formula.Wherein, the mode of multi-point average amplitude fitting can be with are as follows: by when window choose in the band limits of the wideband continuation and turn
Wave-amplitude spectrum and P-wave amplitude spectrum are changed, and carries out the fitting of multi-point average amplitude according to formula (1) as shown above.
Carry out multi-point average amplitude fitting when, when window in sampling point can be 10 or more, with obtain preferably fitting effect
Fruit.Further, since prestack trace gather data are larger, such as data volume is usually the amount of several T, therefore, carries out curve using formula (1)
Fitting can be improved treatment effeciency, be advantageously implemented the processing to big data.However, the method for curve matching is unlimited in the present invention
In this.
When carrying out the fitting of multi-point average amplitude, (starting position of window is at upper one when next for window when sliding half
When window middle position) the frequency-amplitude spectrum of the frequency-amplitude spectrum of converted wave and longitudinal wave is sought by formula (1) respectively
When window in Amplitude spectrum point (that is, Y (kj)), connection Amplitude composes point, respectively obtains conversion wave-amplitude matched curve
(that is, first curve) and P-wave amplitude matched curve (that is, second curve).
(5) it for each frequency in the band limits for needing wideband continuation, is indulged corresponding to the frequency in step (4)
Value of the value of wave-amplitude matched curve than converting wave-amplitude matched curve corresponding to the frequency, the continuation as the frequency multiply again
Coefficient.
(6) in the band limits for needing wideband continuation, by the amplitude spectrum of the corresponding converted wave target zone of each frequency multiplied by
The corresponding continuation times multiplying factor of the frequency acquired in step (5) is to carry out wideband amplitude continuation, to obtain converted wave wideband
Amplitude spectrum.
In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, improve converted waves data resolution ratio method can by with
Further include step (7) on the basis of upper type obtains converted wave wideband amplitude spectrum: using obtained converted wave wideband amplitude spectrum as
Zero-phase wavelet amplitude spectrum carries out the processing of wideband wavelet deconvolution to preprocessed obtained converted waves data, and then is divided
The converted waves data that resolution is improved.
In addition, in order to obtain good high resolution conversion wave number evidence, it can be according to step (1)~step (6) to conversion
After wave carries out wideband continuation processing, by wideband continuation treated high resolution conversion wave purpose layer data, identical target zone
P wave data is simultaneously displayed in interactive panel, converts the polarity of P wave data, and to lineups in converted wave and P wave data
Resolution ratio compares.If it find that the resolution ratio in some period is also not up to the requirement of longitudinal wave resolution ratio, then can incite somebody to action
Target zone window scope shorten to the period of not up to longitudinal wave resolution requirement, and repeats the behaviour of step (3)~step (7)
Make, until reaching longitudinal wave resolution requirement.
To keep the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, come below with reference to specific example into one
The step exemplary embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
To collected converted wave seismic data and longitudinal wave earthquake data, the converted wave prestack road obtained after pretreatment
Collect data and longitudinal wave prestack trace gather data.
Before the matching treatment of more wave layers position, the longitudinal wave of same target zone is different from the time fragment position of converted wave
, so determining time range where converted wave and longitudinal wave target zone respectively according to geologic interpretation needs.Utilize bandpass filtering point
It is other that 10 times of frequency scans multiplied are carried out to longitudinal wave and converted wave, determine that the effective band range of converted wave is 5Hz~25Hz, longitudinal wave
Effective band range be 5Hz~60Hz, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.
The standard that P wave data amplitude spectrum and converted waves data amplitude spectrum to target zone are 1 by maximum value in the two, point
The other P wave data amplitude spectrum to target zone is normalized with converted waves data amplitude spectrum, and is shown in same panel
On.The effective band range of converted wave is 5Hz~25Hz, illustrates stronger in the amplitude energy of this range, is reflected on section
Temporal resolution it is higher, and the amplitude energy outside range is very weak, and the temporal resolution of the outer frequency band of range is not high.By converted wave
Effective band range is widened, and obtain being made of the high band of the low-frequency range of 0Hz~15Hz and 15Hz~45Hz needs wideband
The band limits of continuation, as shown in Figure 5.
Multi-point average amplitude matched curve is sought to converted wave in the frequency range for needing continuation and P-wave amplitude spectrum.To need to prolong
Window when converted wave and the P-wave amplitude spectrum in range pass through to be opened up to be chosen, the converted wave in clock synchronization window carries out continuation processing,
When selection in window each frequency amplitude spectrum, by formula (1) carry out the matched curve of multi-point average amplitude spectrum seek.
Window is respectively sought the frequency-amplitude spectrum of longitudinal wave and converted wave by formula (1) as shown above when sliding half
When window in Amplitude compose point, and by connection match point be shown in interactive panel, as shown in Figure 5.
Value of each frequency in curve point in P-wave amplitude matched curve and conversion wave-amplitude matched curve is read respectively,
And ratio is asked to the value of the value of P-wave amplitude matched curve in each frequency and conversion wave-amplitude matched curve, as the frequency
Converted wave continuation times multiplying factor.
To the amplitude spectrum of each frequency of converted wave multiplied by the corresponding converted wave continuation times multiplying factor of the frequency to carry out width
Frequency vibration width continuation obtains converted wave wideband amplitude spectrum.
Using converted wave wideband amplitude spectrum as zero-phase wavelet amplitude spectrum, wideband wavelet deconvolution is carried out to converted waves data
Processing obtains high resolution conversion wave number evidence, as shown in Figure 8.
Obtained converted wave high-resolution data and P wave data are compared, see whether meet longitudinal wave resolution requirement, such as
It is unsatisfactory for continue the highest frequency value for needing the band limits of wideband continuation to Gao Yantuo, for example, can be after 45Hz
Frequency carry out continuation.
Fig. 1 shows practical converted wave pre stack data, and Fig. 2 shows practical longitudinal wave pre stack datas, wherein abscissa is ground
Data Taoist monastic name is shaken, ordinate is the time (s).Comparison diagram 1 and Fig. 2, analysis are known: the section and frequency bandwidth of converted wave and longitudinal wave
Differ larger, resolution ratio is lower, needs to improve the resolution ratio of converted wave.
Fig. 3 shows practical converted wave pre stack data amplitude spectrum, and Fig. 4 shows practical longitudinal wave pre stack data amplitude spectrum,
In, abscissa is frequency (Hz), and ordinate is amplitude.Analysis chart 3 and Fig. 4 can determine that the effective band range of converted wave is
5Hz~25Hz, the effective band range of longitudinal wave are 5Hz~60Hz.
Fig. 5 shows practical converted wave pre stack data amplitude spectrum (left side) matched curve and practical longitudinal wave pre stack data amplitude spectrum
(right side) matched curve, wherein abscissa is frequency (Hz), and ordinate is amplitude.Since converted wave band ratio longitudinal wave is narrow too many, no
Frequency range identical with longitudinal wave can be improved.Therefore, to the longitudinal wave of purpose layer data and converted waves data amplitude spectrum by the two
The standard that maximum value is 1, is shown in same panel, as shown in Figure 5 after its amplitude spectrum is normalized.Pass through comparison
Determining that converted wave needs to carry out wideband continuation place band limits is respectively 0Hz~15Hz, 15Hz~45Hz, to 0Hz~15Hz
Downward continuation processing, handles 15Hz~45Hz upward continuation, obtains P-wave amplitude matched curve and converted wave as shown in Figure 5
Amplitude matched curve.
Fig. 6 shows the practical converted wave pre stack data after converted wave wideband continuation method processing of the invention, and Fig. 7 is shown
The practical longitudinal wave pre stack data after converted wave wideband continuation method processing of the invention, wherein abscissa is seismic-data traces
Number, ordinate is the time (s).Fig. 8 shows the practical converted wave prestack after converted wave wideband continuation method processing of the invention
Data amplitudes spectrum, Fig. 9 show the practical longitudinal wave pre stack data amplitude spectrum after converted wave wideband continuation method processing of the invention.
Known to comparing and analyzing to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9: through converted wave wideband continuation method of the invention treated conversion
Wave profile resolution ratio significantly improves, and corresponding with the wave group relationship of longitudinal wave preferable;Amplitude spectrum is effectively widened, although not reaching
To frequency bandwidth identical with longitudinal wave, but the data within the scope of effective band match preferably with longitudinal wave, fully meet subsequent
Close the needs of inverting.
In conclusion method of the invention can carry out wideband continuation processing to converted wave in conjunction with longitudinal wave;It can be divided
The converted waves data that resolution is improved is conducive to carry out subsequent prestack joint inversion processing using converted wave.Even, originally
The method of invention further can effectively determine converted wave continuation range, accurately find out multi-point average amplitude matched curve, accurately
Find out continuation times multiplying factor.After carrying out converted wave wideband continuation processing, the resolution ratio of converted wave road set information is improved, and reaches vertical
The requirement of wavelength-division resolution is handled convenient for subsequent development prestack joint inversion.Especially to signal-to-noise ratio, the lower converted wave of resolution ratio
For, after being handled by converted wave wideband continuation, converted wave prestack trace gather data resolution is higher, reaches longitudinal wave resolution ratio is wanted
It asks.It is suitable for the High-resolution Processing of two and three dimensions converted wave migration before stack data, application prospect is more wide
It is general.
Although having been combined attached drawing above and exemplary embodiment describing the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
It will be apparent to the skilled artisan that can be carry out various modifications to above-described embodiment in the case where not departing from spirit and scope of the claims.