CN107163968B - Pyrolysis device and pyrolysis method for producing coke breeze and light tar - Google Patents
Pyrolysis device and pyrolysis method for producing coke breeze and light tar Download PDFInfo
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- CN107163968B CN107163968B CN201710432714.3A CN201710432714A CN107163968B CN 107163968 B CN107163968 B CN 107163968B CN 201710432714 A CN201710432714 A CN 201710432714A CN 107163968 B CN107163968 B CN 107163968B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B55/00—Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar, and the like or mixtures thereof with solid carbonaceous material
- C10B55/02—Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar, and the like or mixtures thereof with solid carbonaceous material with solid materials
- C10B55/04—Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar, and the like or mixtures thereof with solid carbonaceous material with solid materials with moving solid materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/02—Multi-step carbonising or coking processes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pyrolysis device and a method for producing coke breeze and light tar, wherein the pyrolysis device comprises a multistage pyrolysis reactor, a semicoke cooling device and a semicoke collecting tank; the multistage pyrolysis reactor comprises a plurality of pyrolysis reactors, a pyrolysis gas inlet except for a first stage pyrolysis reactor and a last stage pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas outlet of a next stage pyrolysis reactor, a material outlet of the pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas inlet pipeline of the next stage pyrolysis reactor, and a pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas inlet of a previous stage pyrolysis reactor; and a material outlet of the final-stage pyrolysis reactor is connected with the semicoke cooling device, and a material outlet of the semicoke cooling device is connected with the semicoke collecting tank. The invention can finally obtain clean coke breeze, light tar and steam; and the system device is simple, and the energy utilization efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy and chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a pyrolysis device and a pyrolysis method for producing coke breeze and light tar.
Background
Coal accounts for more than 75% of the energy consumption structure of China, wherein more than 80% of coal is used for direct combustion, and more than 50% of coal is used for industrial boilers, industrial kilns and household coal-fired furnaces which directly combust lump coal, but the utilization mode of direct combustion causes low utilization efficiency of coal and overproof pollutant emission. In addition, with the improvement of the mechanization degree of coal mining, the yield of lump coal is reduced from 52-60% to 20-38%, which aggravates the shortage of lump coal and also causes a large amount of overstocked pulverized coal for a long time. Particularly, a large amount of low-rank coal fine coal is difficult to process and utilize due to the defects of high moisture content, low heat value, easy differentiation, difficult transportation and the like, so that how to efficiently utilize the low-rank coal fine coal becomes a problem which is urgently needed to be solved in the field of coal utilization at present. Moreover, with the increasing domestic energy demand, the comprehensive conversion and utilization of low-rank coal, especially low-rank coal pulverized coal, will certainly become a powerful support for future energy demand.
The chemical process of processing coal into semicoke, low-temperature tar and coke oven gas by utilizing a pyrolysis mode is one of effective ways of processing and treating low-rank coal at present. Pyrolysis gas, tar and semicoke are obtained through pyrolysis, the pyrolysis gas and the tar can be directly used as clean fuel for combustion, and high-added-value chemical products can be produced through subsequent processing treatment, so that graded utilization and clean and efficient conversion of coal are realized. At present, for the low-temperature pyrolysis of large-particle (> 6 mm) coal in industry, a vertical furnace process is generally adopted for pyrolysis, for example, a mature semi coke production process realizes the efficient conversion of solid energy to gas, liquid energy and solid chemical raw materials, and opens up a way for efficiently and flexibly utilizing resources for resource utilization. However, the raw material for producing the semi-coke is lump bituminous coal or lump lignite, while the pulverized coal raw material causes poor air permeability of a material layer, and is easy to block pores of walls to influence normal production, so that the semi-coke process limits the use range of the raw material. In addition, no mature process exists in the industry at present for pyrolysis of pulverized coal with the particle size of less than 6 mm.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a pyrolysis device for producing fine coke and light tar, which can realize pyrolysis of powder solid fuel to obtain pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolysis semicoke. Another object of the present invention is to provide a pyrolysis method for producing fine coke and light tar, by which clean fine coke, steam, and light tar can be obtained and heat recovery in the reaction can be achieved.
The method is used for realizing that the powder solid fuel is rapidly heated by hot flue gas generated by boiler combustion in the multistage strong-cyclone pyrolysis reactor to generate pyrolysis reaction, and pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolysis semicoke are generated; collecting light components in the pyrolysis oil gas through tar to obtain light tar; the non-trapped heavy components in the pyrolysis oil gas enter a boiler to be combusted, and hot flue gas and steam are generated; the high-temperature hot flue gas is used as a heat carrier to be in countercurrent contact heat exchange with the solid material and the pyrolysis semicoke, and the solid material and the pyrolysis semicoke are sent into a strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor for pyrolysis; the pyrolysis semicoke is cooled and the heat is recovered to obtain powdered coke. By adopting the device and the method of the invention, clean coke breeze, steam and light tar are finally obtained.
The invention relates to a strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor which is characterized in that flue gas generated after combustion is tangentially sprayed into a high-temperature pyrolyzer in a high-speed jet mode to form strong cyclone vortex; before entering a pyrolysis reactor, the solid material is suspended in hot flue gas in a gas pipeline, and simultaneously carries out heat exchange, and then is carried into the pyrolysis reactor by the hot flue gas; after the solid material enters the pyrolyzer, the solid material is continuously mixed with high-temperature flue gas, heated and subjected to pyrolysis reaction.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pyrolysis apparatus for producing fine coke and light tar, the pyrolysis apparatus comprising a multistage pyrolysis reactor, a semicoke cooling apparatus, and a semicoke collection tank;
the multistage pyrolysis reactor comprises a plurality of pyrolysis reactors, a pyrolysis gas inlet except for a first stage pyrolysis reactor and a last stage pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas outlet of a next stage pyrolysis reactor, a material outlet of the pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas inlet pipeline of the next stage pyrolysis reactor, and a pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas inlet of a previous stage pyrolysis reactor; and a material outlet of the final-stage pyrolysis reactor is connected with the semicoke cooling device, and a material outlet of the semicoke cooling device is connected with the semicoke collecting tank.
In the device, the multistage pyrolysis reactor is used for pyrolyzing the powdery solid fuel to generate pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolysis semicoke; the semicoke cooling device is used for cooling the generated pyrolysis semicoke and recovering heat; the semi-coke collecting tank is used for collecting the powder semi-coke product which is generated by the final-stage pyrolysis reactor and is cooled by the semi-coke cooling device; the generated pyrolysis semicoke is sent into the next-stage pyrolysis reactor after being mixed and heat-exchanged with pyrolysis gas entering the next-stage pyrolysis reactor.
As a better choice of the device, the multistage pyrolysis reactor has the stage number of 3-6.
As a better choice of the device, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the first-stage pyrolysis reactor is connected with the gas inlet of the tar trapping device. The tar trapping system is used for trapping light components in pyrolysis oil gas generated by the multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor to obtain light tar.
As a better alternative of the above device, the gas outlet of the tar trapping device is connected with a boiler, and the flue gas outlet of the boiler is connected with the flue gas inlet of the final stage pyrolysis reactor. The boiler is used for burning heavy components in pyrolysis oil gas and generating hot flue gas and steam at the same time; wherein the hot flue gas provides the required heat for the pyrolysis of the solid fuel in the multistage pyrolysis reactor.
As a better choice of the device, a pyrolysis gas outlet of the first-stage pyrolysis reactor is connected with a boiler, and a flue gas outlet of the boiler is connected with a flue gas inlet of the last-stage pyrolysis reactor. The boiler is used for burning heavy components in pyrolysis oil gas and generating hot flue gas and steam at the same time; wherein the hot flue gas provides the required heat for the pyrolysis of the solid fuel in the multistage pyrolysis reactor.
As a better alternative to the above-described device, the material inlet of the primary pyrolysis reactor is connected to a silo for storing the powdery solid material to be treated.
The invention also provides a pyrolysis method for producing the fine coke and the light tar based on the device, which comprises the following steps:
the powder solid fuel is in countercurrent contact with pyrolysis gas from a next-stage pyrolysis reactor, is fed into a first-stage pyrolysis reactor of a multi-stage pyrolysis reactor under the action of the pyrolysis gas, is continuously heated by the next-stage pyrolysis gas in the first-stage pyrolysis reactor, and is subjected to pyrolysis reaction to generate pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolysis semicoke, and the pyrolysis semicoke enters the next-stage pyrolysis reactor;
the pyrolysis semicoke is firstly in countercurrent contact with pyrolysis gas from a next two-stage pyrolysis reactor, is sent to the pyrolysis reactors except for a first-stage pyrolysis reactor and a last-stage pyrolysis reactor under the action of the pyrolysis gas, is subjected to mixed heat exchange by pyrolysis oil gas from the next two-stage pyrolysis reactor and is continuously pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis oil gas generated by pyrolysis enters a previous-stage pyrolysis reactor, and the pyrolysis semicoke generated by pyrolysis enters a next-stage pyrolysis reactor;
and cooling the pyrolysis semicoke pyrolyzed by the final-stage pyrolysis reactor to obtain powdered coke.
As a better alternative to the above method, the method further comprises:
and pyrolysis oil gas generated by pyrolysis of the first-stage pyrolysis reactor passes through a tar trapping device to obtain light tar.
As a better alternative to the above method, the method further comprises:
the heavy components which are not captured by the tar capturing device enter a boiler to be combusted to generate hot flue gas and steam, and the hot flue gas is used for pyrolysis of solid materials and pyrolysis semicoke.
As a better alternative to the above method, the method further comprises:
pyrolysis oil gas generated by pyrolysis of the first-stage pyrolysis reactor enters a boiler to be combusted to generate hot flue gas and steam, and the hot flue gas is used for pyrolysis of solid materials and pyrolysis semicoke.
As a better alternative to the above process, the pyrolysis process further comprises: and cooling the pyrolysis semicoke generated by pyrolysis discharged from the final-stage pyrolysis reactor by using a semicoke cooling device, recovering heat and simultaneously obtaining a powdered coke product.
As a better alternative to the above method, the powdered solid fuel is coal, biomass, oil shale or oil sand.
The pyrolysis method for producing the coke breeze and the light tar comprises the following steps:
1) The powder solid fuel is fed from a bin, is fed into a multi-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor under the action of hot flue gas, is continuously heated by the hot flue gas from a boiler in the pyrolysis reactor, and is subjected to pyrolysis reaction to generate pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolysis semicoke;
2) The pyrolysis oil gas generated by pyrolysis passes through a tar trapping device to obtain light tar, and the light tar can be further refined to obtain a product with a high added value;
3) The heavy components in the pyrolysis oil gas which are not trapped by the tar trapping device enter a boiler to be combusted, and hot flue gas and steam are generated simultaneously; wherein, the hot flue gas returns to the multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor to provide heat for pyrolysis;
4) And cooling the pyrolysis semicoke generated by pyrolysis by a semicoke cooling device, recovering heat, simultaneously obtaining a powdered coke product, and collecting by using a semicoke collecting tank.
The invention can be applied to obtain clean coke breeze, steam, liquid fuel and high value-added chemical products from solid fuel through pyrolysis reaction. The solid fuel involved comprises: carbon-containing solid fuels such as coal, oil shale, oil sand and biomass; the particle size of the powder solid fuel is less than 10mm. The solid fuels of the present invention may be the same type of solid fuel or different types of solid fuels.
The pyrolysis process mainly comprises the following steps: the solid fuel is heated by hot flue gas in a multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor to carry out pyrolysis reaction to generate pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolysis semicoke; after the light components in the pyrolysis oil gas with high calorific value are collected by tar, the heavy components are sent into a boiler to be combusted to generate hot flue gas and steam, and the hot flue gas returns to the strong cyclone reactor to provide heat required by the pyrolysis of the solid fuel.
The pyrolysis process also comprises that the pyrolysis semicoke generated in the strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor continuously generates pyrolysis reaction after entering the next-stage reactor. And moreover, a heat carrier for providing heat for the pyrolysis reaction of the solid fuel and the pyrolysis semicoke comprises hot flue gas and pyrolysis oil gas generated by pyrolysis.
The invention realizes the graded conversion and the high-efficiency utilization of the low-rank coal and coal powder, simultaneously solves the technical problems that the fine coal powder and the coal tar mixture are difficult to separate and easily block equipment pipelines in the coal powder pyrolysis process, and the current situations that the equipment pipelines are difficult to engineer and the like, and ensures higher energy utilization efficiency in the pyrolysis process. The invention adopts the strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, and utilizes the characteristics of high cyclone strength and strong turbulent mixing of the cyclone flow field to strengthen the heat and mass transfer process in the furnace and prolong the retention time of pulverized coal in the furnace so as to improve the heat intensity in the furnace; in addition, in the strong cyclone pyrolyzer, the solid materials and the heat carrier are quickly mixed and heated, and the gas-solid products are quickly separated, so that the light tar is favorably generated. Therefore, the device adopts a multi-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, and hot flue gas generated by boiler combustion is used as a heat carrier to provide heat for pyrolysis reaction, so that solid fuel is rapidly mixed with the hot flue gas in the strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor and is rapidly heated to generate pyrolysis reaction, and pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolysis semicoke are generated; collecting light components in the pyrolysis oil gas through tar to obtain light tar, and further processing to produce high value-added products; the heavy components which are not collected in the pyrolysis oil gas enter a boiler to be combusted, and hot flue gas and steam are generated; returning the high-temperature hot flue gas to the strong cyclone pyrolyzer to be used as a heat carrier for heat supply; cooling the pyrolysis semicoke and recovering heat to obtain coke breeze; by implementing the method, clean coke breeze, light tar and steam are finally obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. compared with the traditional fixed bed and fluidized bed pyrolysis reactors, the strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor has a plurality of advantages, firstly, in the operation process, after solid materials enter a connecting pipeline, the solid materials are immediately dispersed by ascending airflow to be uniformly suspended in the airflow, gas and solid are quickly mixed and fully mixed, and the solid materials rotate along with the airflow to operate; because the contact area between gas and solid is extremely large in a suspended state, and the convection heat transfer system is higher, the heat exchange speed is extremely high, and the time for completing effective heat exchange only needs 0.02-0.04 s; moreover, the pyrolysis gas-solid products are easy to separate, finally pyrolysis oil gas is discharged, and solid semicoke is collected;
2. in the invention, the multistage strong rotational flow pyrolysis reactor is utilized to have the advantages that solid materials and a heat carrier contact and exchange heat in a gas-solid parallel flow mode in the single-stage strong rotational flow pyrolysis reactor, and contact and exchange heat in a gas-solid countercurrent mode in pipelines among the multistage reactors of the multistage strong rotational flow pyrolyzer, so that the retention time of solid fuels in countercurrent gas can be prolonged, the solid fuels have a more sufficient heating process, the effects of enhancing convection heat transfer and improving the heating rate of the fuels are achieved, and the yield of light tar is more favorably improved;
3. in the invention, hot flue gas and pyrolysis oil gas generated by the system are used as gas heat carriers to provide heat for the pyrolysis reaction process, external heat supply is not needed, and the operation load and the heat efficiency of the system are improved;
4. in the invention, a multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor is adopted as the pyrolysis reactor, after the raw material coal enters the pyrolyzer, the raw material coal is pyrolyzed in a first-stage reactor, the generated pyrolysis semicoke enters a second-stage pyrolysis reactor for continuous pyrolysis, and the pyrolysis is repeatedly carried out in the multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor in such a way, so that a clean semicoke product is obtained;
5. the thermal strength of the inner volume of the furnace is higher by utilizing the strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, the inner volume of the furnace can be reduced during design, and the system structure is simplified; the primary dust removal of fly ash particles in oil gas can be realized in the pyrolyzer; moreover, heavy components with high dust content in pyrolysis oil gas are directly fed into a boiler for combustion, so that the whole system does not need an external dedusting system, a subsequent purification system can be simplified, and the reliability and stability of the system are further improved;
6. the invention adopts a multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor to carry out pyrolysis on the solid fuel, wherein the design of the number of stages of the strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor can be flexibly determined according to the research purpose, the purity of a target product and the temperature of hot flue gas at the outlet and the inlet of the multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor.
In conclusion, the invention adopts a multi-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, and uses hot flue gas generated by a self system as a gas heat carrier to provide heat required by pyrolysis for solid powder fuel; moreover, by utilizing the advantages of the strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, the rapid mixing of solid materials and gas heat carriers, the rapid heating and the rapid pyrolysis of the materials and the rapid separation of products can be realized in the system, and the structure of the system can be simplified; finally obtaining clean coke breeze, light tar and steam.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus and a pyrolysis method for producing fine coke and light tar according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of an apparatus and a pyrolysis method for producing fine coke and light tar according to the present invention;
reference symbols of the drawings
1. A multi-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor; 2. a tar trapping device; 3. a boiler; 4. a semicoke cooling device; 5. a semicoke collection tank; 6. a storage bin.
Detailed Description
The device of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the main apparatus related to the present invention includes: the device comprises a multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor 1 for realizing pyrolysis of solid fuel, a tar collecting device 2 for obtaining light tar, a boiler 3 for providing heat required by pyrolysis and obtaining product steam, a device 4 for cooling and recovering heat of product semicoke, a semicoke collecting tank 5 for obtaining a fine coke product, and a bunker 6 for storing solid materials.
The multistage pyrolysis reactor comprises a plurality of pyrolysis reactors, a material outlet of each pyrolysis reactor except for a first-stage pyrolysis reactor and a last-stage pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas inlet pipeline of a next-stage pyrolysis reactor, a pyrolysis gas inlet of each pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas outlet of the next-stage pyrolysis reactor, and a pyrolysis gas outlet of each pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas inlet of a previous-stage pyrolysis reactor; and a material outlet of the final-stage pyrolysis reactor is connected with the semicoke cooling device, and a material outlet of the semicoke cooling device is connected with the semicoke collecting tank.
In the device, the multistage pyrolysis reactor is used for pyrolyzing the powder solid fuel to generate pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolysis semicoke; the semicoke cooling device is used for cooling the generated pyrolysis semicoke and recovering heat; and the semicoke collecting tank is used for collecting the powder semicoke product which is produced by the final-stage pyrolysis reactor and is cooled by the semicoke cooling device.
The number of stages of the multistage pyrolysis reactor can be selected from 3 to 6.
And a pyrolysis gas outlet of the first-stage pyrolysis reactor is connected with a gas inlet of the tar trapping device. The tar trapping system is used for trapping light components in pyrolysis oil gas generated by the multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor to obtain light tar.
Referring to fig. 1, the gas outlet of the tar collecting device is connected to a boiler, and the flue gas outlet of the boiler is connected to the flue gas inlet of the final stage pyrolysis reactor. The boiler is used for burning heavy components in pyrolysis oil gas and generating hot flue gas and steam at the same time; wherein the hot flue gas provides the required heat for the pyrolysis of the solid fuel in the multistage pyrolysis reactor.
Referring to fig. 2, the tar trapping device may not be provided in the device, in which case the pyrolysis gas outlet of the first stage pyrolysis reactor is connected to a boiler, and the flue gas outlet of the boiler is connected to the flue gas inlet of the last stage pyrolysis reactor. The boiler is used for burning heavy components in pyrolysis oil gas and generating hot flue gas and steam at the same time; wherein, the hot flue gas provides the required heat for the pyrolysis of the solid fuel in the multistage pyrolysis reactor.
The method for pyrolyzing the light tar by using the device is as follows.
Example 1: the pyrolysis system comprises four stages of strong cyclone pyrolysis reactors (in the figure, n is 4)
Under the action of pyrolysis oil gas 2 and hot flue gas from a secondary strong cyclone pyrolyzer (1-2), the hollyriver lignite (pulverized coal) is brought into a primary strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor (1-1), and is continuously mixed with pyrolysis oil gas 2 from the secondary strong cyclone pyrolyzer (1-2) in the reactor for heat exchange to carry out pyrolysis reaction, the generated pyrolysis oil gas 1 is discharged from the primary reactor, and the pyrolysis semicoke 1 is fed into the secondary pyrolyzer (1-2) under the action of pyrolysis oil gas 3 from a tertiary reactor (1-3); continuously mixing and exchanging heat with pyrolysis oil gas 3 from a third-stage reactor (1-3) in a second-stage pyrolysis reactor (1-2), continuously pyrolyzing, discharging the generated pyrolysis oil gas 2 and entering the pyrolysis reactor (1-1), and sending the generated pyrolysis semicoke into the third-stage pyrolyzer (1-3) under the action of pyrolysis oil gas 4 from a fourth-stage reactor (1-4); continuously mixing the pyrolysis oil gas 4 from the four-stage pyrolyzer (1-4) in the three-stage pyrolysis reactor (1-3) for heat exchange to carry out pyrolysis, discharging the generated pyrolysis oil gas 3 into the pyrolysis reactor (1-2), and feeding the generated pyrolysis semicoke into the four-stage pyrolyzer (1-4) under the action of hot flue gas generated by boiler combustion; in a four-stage pyrolyzer (1-4), continuously mixing and exchanging heat with hot flue gas from a boiler to perform pyrolysis reaction, discharging generated pyrolysis oil gas 4 into the pyrolysis reactor (1-3), discharging a final product, namely semicoke 4, from the bottom of the four-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, cooling and recovering heat, and collecting the semicoke by a semicoke collecting tank 5; finally, the pyrolysis oil gas 1 discharged by the first-stage reactor (1-1) is trapped into light components in the pyrolysis oil gas 1 through the tar trapping device 2 to obtain light tar; heavy components which are not captured in the pyrolysis oil gas 2 enter a boiler to be combusted, hot flue gas and steam products are generated, the hot flue gas is used as a heat carrier to return to a system, enters a reaction system from a four-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor (1-4), and is mixed with solid materials in the pyrolysis reactor to exchange heat so as to generate pyrolysis reaction; clean coke breeze, light tar and steam products are finally obtained through the pyrolysis of the Huolin river lignite pulverized coal.
Example 2: the pyrolysis system comprises four stages of strong cyclone pyrolysis reactors (n is 4 in the figure)
In this embodiment, the same experimental method and procedure as in embodiment 1 are adopted, and the solid fuel adopted is shenmuyu orchard coal, and the main difference is that the pyrolysis oil gas 1 discharged from the primary strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor (1-1) completely enters the boiler to be combusted (as shown in fig. 2), so as to generate hot flue gas as the heat of pyrolysis, and finally clean coke breeze and steam are obtained.
Example 3: the pyrolysis system comprises a six-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor (n is 6 in the figure)
In this example, the same experimental procedure and procedure as in example 1 was used, and the solid fuel used was Ordos bituminous coal, with the main difference that the multistage high-swirl pyrolysis reactor used in this example was six stages.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A pyrolysis device for producing coke breeze and light tar is characterized by comprising a multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, a semicoke cooling device and a semicoke collecting tank;
the multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor comprises a plurality of strong cyclone pyrolysis reactors, a pyrolysis gas inlet except for the first stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor and the last stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas outlet of the next stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, a material outlet of the strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas inlet pipeline of the next stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, and a pyrolysis gas outlet of the strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor is connected with a pyrolysis gas inlet of the previous stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor; a material outlet of the final-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor is connected with the semicoke cooling device, and a material outlet of the semicoke cooling device is connected with the semicoke collecting tank;
a pyrolysis gas outlet of the first-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor is connected with a boiler, and a flue gas outlet of the boiler is connected with a flue gas inlet of the last-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor;
in the single-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, solid materials and a heat carrier contact and exchange heat in a gas-solid parallel flow mode, and in a pipeline between the reactors of the multistage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, the solid materials and the heat carrier contact and exchange heat in a gas-solid countercurrent mode.
2. A pyrolysis apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a pyrolysis gas outlet of the first-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor is connected with a gas inlet of the tar trapping device.
3. A pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: and a gas outlet of the tar trapping device is connected with a boiler, and a flue gas outlet of the boiler is connected with a flue gas inlet of the final-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor.
4. A pyrolysis process for the production of coke breeze and light tar based on the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising:
the method comprises the following steps that powder solid fuel is in countercurrent contact with pyrolysis gas from a next-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, the powder solid fuel is fed into a first-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor of a multi-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor under the action of the pyrolysis gas, the powder solid fuel is continuously heated by the next-stage pyrolysis gas in the first-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor to perform pyrolysis reaction, pyrolysis oil gas and pyrolysis semicoke are generated, and the pyrolysis semicoke enters the next-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor;
the pyrolysis semicoke is firstly in countercurrent contact with pyrolysis gas from a next two-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, is sent to the strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor except a first-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor and a last-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor under the action of the pyrolysis gas, is mixed and exchanges heat by pyrolysis oil gas from the next two-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, is continuously pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis oil gas generated by pyrolysis enters a previous-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor, and the pyrolysis semicoke generated by pyrolysis is sent to the next-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor;
and cooling the pyrolysis semicoke pyrolyzed by the final-stage strong-cyclone pyrolysis reactor to obtain powdered coke.
5. A pyrolysis process according to claim 4, wherein the process further comprises:
pyrolysis oil gas generated by pyrolysis of the first-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor passes through a tar trapping device to obtain light tar.
6. A pyrolysis process according to claim 5, wherein the process further comprises:
the heavy components which are not captured by the tar capturing device enter a boiler to be combusted to generate hot flue gas and steam, and the hot flue gas is used for pyrolysis of solid materials and pyrolysis semicoke.
7. A pyrolysis method according to claim 4, characterized in that the method further comprises:
pyrolysis oil gas generated by pyrolysis of the first-stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor enters a boiler to be combusted to generate hot flue gas and steam, and the hot flue gas is used for pyrolysis of solid materials and pyrolysis semicoke.
8. A pyrolysis process according to claim 4 further comprising: and cooling the pyrolysis semicoke generated by pyrolysis discharged from the final stage strong cyclone pyrolysis reactor by using a semicoke cooling device, recovering heat and simultaneously obtaining a powdered coke product.
9. A pyrolysis process according to claim 4 wherein the powdered solid fuel is coal, biomass, oil shale or oil sands.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710432714.3A CN107163968B (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2017-06-09 | Pyrolysis device and pyrolysis method for producing coke breeze and light tar |
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