CN107166428B - Layer combustion boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation - Google Patents
Layer combustion boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107166428B CN107166428B CN201710605793.3A CN201710605793A CN107166428B CN 107166428 B CN107166428 B CN 107166428B CN 201710605793 A CN201710605793 A CN 201710605793A CN 107166428 B CN107166428 B CN 107166428B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/06—Regulating air supply or draught by conjoint operation of two or more valves or dampers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
- F23B80/02—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel by means for returning flue gases to the combustion chamber or to the combustion zone
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
- F23N2221/12—Recycling exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2239/00—Fuels
- F23N2239/02—Solid fuels
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Abstract
The invention provides a layer combustion boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation, which mainly comprises a layer combustion boiler, a blower, a flue gas recirculation fan, a zirconia analyzer, an air pipe, a DCS (or a PLC (programmable logic controller) system) and the like, and can be widely applied to the field of combustion control and combustion optimization of the layer combustion boiler. The invention adopts conventional equipment, has reliable and stable performance, can realize stable operation of the boiler under extremely low load (30% rated load), reduces the dust accumulation on the heating surface at the tail part of the boiler, can reduce the initial emission concentration of the nitrogen oxide compound of the boiler by 15-20%, and improves the thermal efficiency of the boiler under low load by more than 5%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of layer combustion boilers, and particularly relates to a layer combustion boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation.
Background
The industrial boiler is an important heat energy power device, and accounts for more than 98% of the total boiler in China. In the coal-fired industrial boiler, the grate-fired boiler accounts for about 80% of the total capacity, and plays an indispensable role in national economy development and resident life.
However, the layer-combustion boiler in China has the characteristics of large quantity, small single unit capacity, low heat efficiency and large load change, and particularly industrial boilers shared by production and heating are basically selected according to the maximum load requirement of a heating season, so that the industrial boilers are operated under lower load for a long time in a non-heating season (after stopping heating). The traditional oxygen control system of the layer combustion boiler only regulates and controls through the inlet baffle of the boiler blower, but in order to ensure that the transverse air distribution of a fire grate is uniform and certain penetrability is maintained under the low-load operation of the boiler, the air supply pressure is required to be kept above the lowest air pressure, the air leakage and the channeling of an air chamber are large, the oxygen content in the flue gas is up to about 15 percent (the excessive air coefficient is 3.5), the flue gas quantity is increased, and the flue gas flow rate is low because the boiler operates under the low load, the tail heated area ash of a convection tube bundle, an economizer, an air preheater and the like is serious, the flue gas temperature of the boiler is increased, the flue gas heat loss of the boiler is large, the fuel cost of enterprises is increased, and coal resources are wasted. Meanwhile, because the oxygen amount in the furnace is seriously excessive, the concentration of the nitrogen-oxygen compound generated by burning the coal is higher, and the environmental-friendly operation cost of enterprises is increased.
Therefore, how to solve the above-mentioned problems becomes a direction of effort by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a layer combustion boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation, which can completely solve the defects in the prior art.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a layer combustion boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation mainly comprises layer combustion boiler, forced draught blower, flue gas recirculation fan, zirconia analysis appearance, tuber pipe and DCS system (or PLC system), be connected through the tuber pipe between layer combustion boiler's furnace and the forced draught blower, layer combustion boiler's play mouth installs zirconia analysis appearance, sets up flue gas recirculation fan on layer combustion boiler's the play cigarette passageway, flue gas recirculation fan passes through the air intake of tuber pipe connection forced draught blower, and flue gas recirculation fan is connected with first fan variable frequency controller and electric control valve first, and electric control valve first installs on flue gas recirculation fan connects the tuber pipe of forced draught blower air intake, the forced draught blower is connected with second fan variable frequency controller, electric control valve second and pressure transmitter are installed to the air outlet of forced draught blower, DCS system (or PLC system) is provided with main PID regulator and assists PID regulator, main PID regulator connects zirconia analysis appearance, second fan variable frequency controller, electric control valve second and pressure transmitter, assist PID regulator to connect electric control valve first fan variable frequency controller.
Further, a dust remover is arranged on a smoke outlet channel of the layer combustion boiler, the dust remover is connected with a DCS system (or a PLC system), and a smoke recirculation fan is arranged behind an outlet pipeline of the dust remover.
The design is for filtering the smoke, and can recycle the dust and the carbon ash with larger particles, and the smoke without impurities after filtration is sent into the smoke recycling fan, so that the fan can operate better, the operation efficiency of the fan is improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Further, the air pipe between the boiler furnace of forced draught blower connection layer combustion divide into two, and one is the tuber pipe, connects the boiler furnace middle part of layer combustion, and another is down the tuber pipe, connects the boiler furnace bottom of layer combustion, electric control valve divide into electric control valve and No. two electric control valves, and electric control valve control goes up the tuber pipe, no. two electric control valves control down the tuber pipe.
The design can respectively intake air to the bottom and the middle of the hearth of the layer combustion boiler, is more beneficial to adjusting the oxygen content in the hearth and optimizing combustion.
Furthermore, the blower and the flue gas recirculation blower are both centrifugal blowers, the blower bearing box is cooled by circulating cooling water, and the blower volute is subjected to heat preservation and heat insulation measures.
The design is more suitable for boiler requirements, fluid does not need to be compressed, and exhaust parameters are convenient to adjust.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can realize full-automatic control of the oxygen content of the flue gas of the layer combustion boiler, reduces the manual operation strength and improves the accuracy, reliability and stability of operation control;
2. the invention increases the load variation range of the boiler and can realize the stable operation of the boiler under 30-110% rated load;
3. the invention reduces the dust accumulation of heating surfaces of a superheater, a convection bank, an economizer and the like of the boiler under the low-load operation condition, improves the operation period of the boiler, reduces the exhaust temperature, and can control the oxygen content of the exhaust gas to be below 8 percent (the excess air coefficient is 1.6) under the low-load operation of the boiler; the heat loss of the discharged smoke of the boiler is reduced and the heat efficiency of the boiler is improved by more than 5 percent while the incomplete combustion loss of solid and gas is not increased;
4. the invention reduces the initial emission concentration of the boiler nitrogen oxide by 15-20%, thereby saving denitration cost;
5. the invention selects conventional equipment, utilizes the DCS or the PLC control system of the boiler, has small investment, responds to the national energy-saving and emission-reducing policy, saves coal resources, reduces environmental pollution, and has obvious economic benefit, social benefit and environmental protection benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples and figures.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a layer combustion boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation mainly comprises a layer combustion boiler 1, a blower 2, a flue gas recirculation blower 3, a zirconia analyzer 4, an air pipe 5 and a DCS (or a PLC system) 6, wherein a hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1 is connected with the blower 2 through the air pipe 5, a zirconia analyzer 4 is installed at a flue gas outlet of the layer combustion boiler 1, the flue gas recirculation blower 3 is connected with an air inlet of the blower 2 through the air pipe 5, the flue gas recirculation blower 3 is connected with a first fan variable frequency controller 10 and an electric control valve 7, the electric control valve 7 is installed on the air pipe 5 of the air inlet of the flue gas recirculation blower 3, the air outlet of the blower 2 is connected with a second fan variable frequency controller 11, an electric control valve 8 and a pressure transmitter 9 are installed at an air outlet of the blower 2, the DCS (or the PLC system) 6 is provided with a main PID regulator 12 and an auxiliary PID regulator 13, and the main PID regulator 12 is connected with the zirconia analyzer 4, the second fan variable frequency controller 10 and the electric control valve 7 are connected with the first fan variable frequency controller 7 and the second fan variable frequency controller 13.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a layer combustion boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation mainly comprises a layer combustion boiler 1, a blower 2, a flue gas recirculation blower 3, a zirconia analyzer 4, an air pipe 5 and a DCS (or a PLC system) 6, wherein a hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1 is connected with the blower 2 through the air pipe 5, a zirconia analyzer 4 is installed at a flue gas outlet of the layer combustion boiler 1, the flue gas recirculation blower 3 is connected with an air inlet of the blower 2 through the air pipe 5, the flue gas recirculation blower 3 is connected with a first fan variable frequency controller 10 and an electric control valve 7, the electric control valve 7 is installed on the air pipe 5 of the air inlet of the flue gas recirculation blower 3, the air outlet of the blower 2 is connected with a second fan variable frequency controller 11, an electric control valve 8 and a pressure transmitter 9 are installed at an air outlet of the blower 2, the DCS (or the PLC system) 6 is provided with a main PID regulator 12 and an auxiliary PID regulator 13, and the main PID regulator 12 is connected with the zirconia analyzer 4, the second fan variable frequency controller 10 and the electric control valve 7 are connected with the first fan variable frequency controller 7 and the second fan variable frequency controller 13.
The flue gas outlet channel of the layer combustion boiler 1 is provided with a dust remover 14, the dust remover 14 is connected with a DCS system (or a PLC system) 6, and a flue gas recirculation fan 3 is arranged behind an outlet pipeline of the dust remover 14. The dust remover 14 can filter the smoke, recycle the dust and the carbon ash with larger particles, send the smoke without impurities after filtration into the smoke recirculation fan 3, be favorable to the better operation of the fan, improve the operation efficiency of the fan and reduce the pollution to the environment.
Example III
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a layer combustion boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation mainly comprises a layer combustion boiler 1, a blower 2, a flue gas recirculation blower 3, a zirconia analyzer 4, an air pipe 5 and a DCS (or a PLC system) 6, wherein a hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1 is connected with the blower 2 through the air pipe 5, a zirconia analyzer 4 is installed at a flue gas outlet of the layer combustion boiler 1, the flue gas recirculation blower 3 is connected with an air inlet of the blower 2 through the air pipe 5, the flue gas recirculation blower 3 is connected with a first fan variable frequency controller 10 and an electric control valve 7, the electric control valve 7 is installed on the air pipe 5 of the air inlet of the flue gas recirculation blower 3, the air outlet of the blower 2 is connected with a second fan variable frequency controller 11, an electric control valve 8 and a pressure transmitter 9 are installed at an air outlet of the blower 2, the DCS (or the PLC system) 6 is provided with a main PID regulator 12 and an auxiliary PID regulator 13, and the main PID regulator 12 is connected with the zirconia analyzer 4, the second fan variable frequency controller 10 and the electric control valve 7 are connected with the first fan variable frequency controller 7 and the second fan variable frequency controller 13.
The flue gas outlet channel of the layer combustion boiler 1 is provided with a dust remover 14, the dust remover 14 is connected with a DCS system (or a PLC system) 6, and a flue gas recirculation fan 3 is arranged behind an outlet pipeline of the dust remover 14. The dust remover 14 can filter the smoke, recycle the dust and the carbon ash with larger particles, send the smoke without impurities after filtration into the smoke recirculation fan 3, be favorable to the better operation of the fan, improve the operation efficiency of the fan and reduce the pollution to the environment.
The air pipe 5 between the hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1 is divided into two by the blower 2, one is an upper air pipe, the middle part of the hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1 is connected, the other is a lower air pipe, the bottom of the hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1 is connected, the electric regulating valve II 8 is divided into an electric regulating valve I and an electric regulating valve II, the upper air pipe is controlled by the electric regulating valve I, and the lower air pipe is controlled by the electric regulating valve II. Therefore, air can be respectively fed into the bottom and the middle of the hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1, which is more beneficial to adjusting the oxygen content in the hearth and optimizing combustion.
Example IV
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a layer combustion boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation mainly comprises a layer combustion boiler 1, a blower 2, a flue gas recirculation blower 3, a zirconia analyzer 4, an air pipe 5 and a DCS (or a PLC system) 6, wherein a hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1 is connected with the blower 2 through the air pipe 5, a zirconia analyzer 4 is installed at a flue gas outlet of the layer combustion boiler 1, the flue gas recirculation blower 3 is connected with an air inlet of the blower 2 through the air pipe 5, the flue gas recirculation blower 3 is connected with a first fan variable frequency controller 10 and an electric control valve 7, the electric control valve 7 is installed on the air pipe 5 of the air inlet of the flue gas recirculation blower 3, the air outlet of the blower 2 is connected with a second fan variable frequency controller 11, an electric control valve 8 and a pressure transmitter 9 are installed at an air outlet of the blower 2, the DCS (or the PLC system) 6 is provided with a main PID regulator 12 and an auxiliary PID regulator 13, and the main PID regulator 12 is connected with the zirconia analyzer 4, the second fan variable frequency controller 10 and the electric control valve 7 are connected with the first fan variable frequency controller 7 and the second fan variable frequency controller 13.
The flue gas outlet channel of the layer combustion boiler 1 is provided with a dust remover 14, the dust remover 14 is connected with a DCS system (or a PLC system) 6, and a flue gas recirculation fan 3 is arranged behind an outlet pipeline of the dust remover 14. The dust remover 14 can filter the smoke, recycle the dust and the carbon ash with larger particles, send the smoke without impurities after filtration into the smoke recirculation fan 3, be favorable to the better operation of the fan, improve the operation efficiency of the fan and reduce the pollution to the environment.
The air pipe 5 between the hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1 is divided into two by the blower 2, one is an upper air pipe, the middle part of the hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1 is connected, the other is a lower air pipe, the bottom of the hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1 is connected, the electric regulating valve II 8 is divided into an electric regulating valve I and an electric regulating valve II, the upper air pipe is controlled by the electric regulating valve I, and the lower air pipe is controlled by the electric regulating valve II. Therefore, air can be respectively fed into the bottom and the middle of the hearth of the layer combustion boiler 1, which is more beneficial to adjusting the oxygen content in the hearth and optimizing combustion.
The blower 2 and the smoke recirculation blower 3 are both centrifugal blowers, exhaust parameters are convenient to adjust, the blower bearing box is cooled by circulating cooling water, and the blower volute is subjected to heat preservation and heat insulation measures.
The control principle of the invention is as follows:
1. when the zirconia analyzer 4 detects that the oxygen content of the smoke outlet of the layer combustion boiler 1 and the pressure transmitter 9 detect that the wind pressure of the air outlet of the air blower 2 is higher than the set value, the main PID regulator 12 firstly acts to send a command to the second fan variable frequency controller 11 connected with the air blower 2, and the motor frequency of the air blower 2 is reduced until the motor frequency of the air blower 2 reaches the set lower limit or the oxygen content of the smoke outlet reaches the set value. In the process, when the outlet wind pressure of the blower 2 is lower than a set value, the auxiliary PID regulator 13 also starts to act, and sends a command to the first blower variable frequency controller 10 connected with the smoke recirculation blower 3 to increase the motor frequency of the smoke recirculation blower 3; the main PID regulator 12 continues to send instructions to the second fan variable frequency controller 11 to reduce the motor frequency of the blower 2, so that the outlet wind pressure of the blower 2 is kept at a set value until the motor frequency of the flue gas recirculation fan 3 reaches a set upper limit or the oxygen content of the flue gas outlet reaches a set value. In the adjusting process, the corresponding electric adjusting valve acts correspondingly.
2. When the oxygen content of the smoke outlet is higher than a set value, the auxiliary PID regulator 13 acts when the air pressure of the air outlet of the air feeder 2 is lower than the set value, and gives an instruction to the first fan variable frequency controller 10 to increase the motor frequency of the smoke recycling fan 3 until the motor frequency of the smoke recycling fan 3 reaches a set upper limit or the oxygen content of the smoke outlet reaches the set value. When the motor frequency of the flue gas recirculation fan 3 has reached the set upper limit and the oxygen content of the flue gas outlet is still lower than the set value, the main PID regulator 12 also acts to send a command to the second fan variable frequency controller 11 to increase the motor frequency of the fan 2 until the oxygen content of the flue gas outlet reaches the set value. In the adjusting process, the corresponding electric adjusting valve acts correspondingly.
3. When the oxygen content of the smoke outlet is lower than a set value, the auxiliary PID regulator 13 firstly acts to send a command to the first fan variable frequency controller 10 when the air pressure of the air outlet of the air feeder 2 is higher than the set value, and the motor frequency of the smoke recycling fan 3 is reduced until the motor frequency of the smoke recycling fan 3 reaches a set lower limit or the oxygen content of the smoke outlet reaches the set value; in this process, when the outlet wind pressure of the blower 2 is lower than the set value, the primary PID regulator 12 acts to send a command to the second blower variable frequency controller 11 to increase the motor frequency of the blower 2, so that the outlet wind pressure of the blower 2 is higher than the set value until the oxygen content of the outlet of the hearth reaches the set value. In the adjusting process, the corresponding electric adjusting valve acts correspondingly.
4. When the oxygen content of the smoke outlet and the wind pressure of the air outlet of the air blower 2 are lower than the set values, the main PID regulator 12 acts to send a command to the second fan variable frequency controller 11, and the motor frequency of the air blower 2 is increased until the oxygen content of the smoke outlet reaches the set values; in this process, the auxiliary PID regulator 13 also acts to send a command to the first fan variable frequency controller 10 to reduce the motor frequency of the flue gas recirculation fan 3 until the motor frequency of the flue gas recirculation fan 3 reaches the set lower limit. In the adjusting process, the corresponding electric adjusting valve acts correspondingly.
The invention can produce the following effects:
1. the oxygen content of the flue gas of the layer combustion boiler 1 can be fully automatically controlled, the manual operation strength is reduced, and the accuracy, reliability and stability of operation control are improved;
2. the load variation range of the boiler is enlarged, and the stable operation of the boiler under 30% -110% of rated load can be realized;
3. the ash accumulation of heating surfaces of a superheater, a convection bank, an economizer and the like of the boiler under the low-load operation condition is reduced, the operation period of the boiler is prolonged, the exhaust temperature is also reduced, and the oxygen content of the exhaust gas can still be controlled below 8 percent (the excess air coefficient is 1.6) under the low-load operation of the boiler; the heat loss of the discharged smoke of the boiler is reduced and the heat efficiency of the boiler is improved by more than 5 percent while the incomplete combustion loss of solid and gas is not increased;
4. the initial emission concentration of the boiler nitrogen oxide is reduced by 15-20%, so that the denitration cost is saved;
5. the conventional equipment is selected, the DCS system (or the PLC system) 6 of the boiler is utilized, the investment is small, meanwhile, the national energy conservation and emission reduction policies are responded, coal resources are saved, environmental pollution is reduced, and obvious economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit are achieved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a layer combustion boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation mainly comprises layer combustion boiler (1), forced draught blower (2), flue gas recirculation fan (3), zirconia analysis appearance (4), tuber pipe (5) and DCS (6), its characterized in that: the hearth of the layer combustion boiler (1) is connected with the blower (2) through an air pipe (5), a zirconia analyzer (4) is arranged at a smoke outlet of the layer combustion boiler (1), a smoke recycling fan (3) is arranged on a smoke outlet channel of the layer combustion boiler (1), the smoke recycling fan (3) is connected with an air inlet of the blower (2) through the air pipe (5), the smoke recycling fan (3) is connected with a first fan variable frequency controller (10) and an electric regulating valve I (7), the electric regulating valve I (7) is arranged on the air pipe (5) of the air inlet of the blower (2) connected with the smoke recycling fan (3), the air feeder (2) is connected with a second fan variable frequency controller (11), an electric regulating valve II (8) and a pressure transmitter (9) are arranged at an air outlet of the air feeder (2), the DCS system (6) is provided with a main PID regulator (12) and an auxiliary PID regulator (13), the main PID regulator (12) is connected with a zirconia analyzer (4), the second fan variable frequency controller (11), the electric regulating valve II (8) and the pressure transmitter (9), the auxiliary PID regulator (13) is connected with an electric regulating valve I (7) and a first fan variable frequency controller (10), a dust remover (14) is arranged on a smoke outlet channel of the layer combustion boiler (1), the DCS system (6) is connected to dust remover (14), sets up flue gas recirculation fan (3) behind the outlet line of dust remover (14), tuber pipe (5) between the furnace of forced draught blower (2) connection layer combustion boiler (1) divide into two, and one is the tuber pipe, connects the furnace middle part of layer combustion boiler (1), and another is the lower tuber pipe, connects the furnace bottom of layer combustion boiler (1), electric control valve two (8) divide into electric control valve and No. two electric control valves, and the tuber pipe is gone up in electric control valve control No. one, and the tuber pipe under the electric control valve control No. two.
2. The stack-burning boiler flue gas oxygen content control system based on flue gas recirculation of claim 1, wherein: the air feeder (2) and the smoke recirculating fan (3) are both centrifugal fans, the fan bearing box is cooled by circulating cooling water, and the fan volute is subjected to heat preservation and heat insulation measures.
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CN109519964B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2023-12-01 | 启明星宇节能科技股份有限公司 | Boiler fresh air self-balancing adjusting equipment |
CN111174197A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-19 | 湖南文理学院 | Method for detecting and controlling oxygen content of boiler flue gas of power plant |
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CN106439796A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-02-22 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Flue gas volume/nitric oxide emission reduction system of low-load coal-fired boiler |
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CN101545630A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2009-09-30 | 宁波怡诺能源科技有限公司 | Coal fired boiler capable of controlling flue gas oxygen content |
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CN105805730A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-07-27 | 青岛金田热电有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler system for achieving low nitrogen oxide discharge |
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