CN107122616A - A kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater - Google Patents
A kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001303 quality assessment method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
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Abstract
本发明中公开了一种地下水水质的多指标正态云综合评价方法，包括以下步骤：1：根据影响地下水水质优劣的主要因素，结合水体中物理成分、化学成分和生物成分的综合作用，建立地下水水质评估指标体系；2：依据我国地下水水质现状、地下水质量标准以及生活饮用水、工业、农业用水水质最高要求，将地下水质量分类，确定地下水水质评估等级；3：采用聚类权法确定各个风险评估指标的权重；4：计算确定不同等级地下水水质评估的云模型数字特征，借助正态云发生器，生成该评价因子隶属于某稳定性级别的云模型；5：读取待评样本的实测数据，结合计算得到的各评价指标隶属确定度和权重，由综合确定度最大值对应级别来评定地下水水质等级。
The present invention discloses a multi-index normal cloud comprehensive evaluation method of groundwater quality, comprising the following steps: 1: According to the main factors affecting the quality of groundwater, combined with the comprehensive effects of physical components, chemical components and biological components in the water body, Establish a groundwater quality assessment index system; 2: According to the current situation of groundwater quality in my country, groundwater quality standards, and the highest water quality requirements for domestic drinking water, industry, and agriculture, classify groundwater quality and determine the groundwater quality assessment level; 3: Use the clustering weight method to determine The weight of each risk assessment index; 4: Calculate and determine the digital characteristics of the cloud model for different levels of groundwater quality assessment, and use the normal cloud generator to generate a cloud model whose evaluation factor belongs to a certain level of stability; 5: Read the sample to be evaluated The measured data, combined with the calculated degree of certainty and weight of each evaluation index, evaluate the grade of groundwater quality by the level corresponding to the maximum value of the comprehensive certainty.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater.
Background technology
Water is the indispensable natural resources that human society is depended on for existence and development, promotes social progress and its people
Economic development.As the important component of water resource, underground water is played the part of in terms of people's lives, economic construction and environmental protection
Highly important role.In recent years, to underground water unreasonable exploitation, excessive use, cause groundwater level decline, water
The problems such as matter deteriorates seriously polluted takes place frequently, and the underground water of China most cities is serious to hinder by different degrees of pollution
Of prosperous economy and social development.Groundwater Quality Evaluation is an important content in water resources assessment, how scientifically to be chosen
Groundwater Quality Evaluation Methods, make accurate, true to the quality of survey region quality of groundwater key element or Regional Water Environment property
Real quantitative assessment, is Groundwater protection of resources, the key issue developed.
In water quality assessment field, the introducing of different mathematical way methods, drive advances traditional Groundwater Quality Evaluation side
The progress of method, such as single factor index number technique, Nemerow Index method, Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment, Grey System Method, neural network.
But above evaluation method seldom considers ambiguity, randomness and the uncertainty of Groundwater Quality Evaluation problem, in reality simultaneously
There is certain defect in, such as single factor index number technique can not reflect the integral status of groundwater quality, coexisted in a variety of pollutions
When be difficult to evaluate or examine, be not suitable for the overall merit of quality of groundwater；Nemerow Index method is relatively concentrated in serious pollution
It is low to change of water quality sensitivity on water quality level；Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment can not solve the information weight that evaluation index correlation is caused
Multiple problem, evaluation precision is more low.Therefore, be solve ambiguity that the randomness of evaluation index, index divide and it is artificial because
The influence of element, it would be highly desirable to need a kind of new method to evaluate quality of groundwater.
The content of the invention
The present invention is overcomes the shortcomings of that prior art is present, the invention discloses a kind of multi objective of quality of groundwater just
State cloud integrated evaluating method.
The multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of described quality of groundwater, comprises the following steps：
Step one：According to the good and bad principal element of influence quality of groundwater, with reference to physics, chemical composition in water body
With the comprehensive function of biotic component, quality of groundwater evaluation index system is set up；
Step 2：According to China's quality of groundwater present situation, groundwater quality standard and Drinking Water, industry, agricultural
With water water quality peak demand, groundwater quality is classified, underground water Water Quality Evaluation grade is determined；
Step 3：The weight of each risk assessment index is determined using clustering weight method；
Step 4：The cloud model numerical characteristic for determining that different brackets quality of groundwater is assessed is calculated, is occurred by Normal Cloud
Device, generates the cloud model that the evaluation points are under the jurisdiction of certain stability rank；
Step 5：The measured data of sample to be evaluated is read, is subordinate to degree of certainty and power with reference to each evaluation index that calculating is obtained
Weight, quality of groundwater grade is evaluated by comprehensive degree of certainty maximum corresponding level；
In the step one, according to the good and bad principal element of influence quality of groundwater, with reference to physics in water body,
The comprehensive function of chemical composition and biotic component and geologic setting condition, geographical conditions, the collective effect of mankind's activity, choosing
Wherein most typical evaluation index is selected, quality of groundwater evaluation index system is set up.
In the step one, many influence factors of quality of groundwater are considered, from sense organ physical behavior index, one
As chemical index, inorganic toxicological parameters, toxic heavy metal index, the organic index of volatility, the organic index of half volatile, biology
In water quality index and other indexs, total hardness, salinity, lead, arsenic, mercury, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, sulfuric acid are chosen
Salt and nitrite as cloud model evaluation of subterranean water water grade risk assessment index.
In the step 2, with reference to《Groundwater quality standard》(GB/T14848-93), quality of groundwater grade is set to
I (suitably drinking), II (suitably drinking substantially), III (need to handle and be drunk), IV (need to strictly handle and be drunk), V are (no
Preferably drink) five classes；To every risk assessment index according to the division that standard value is carried out according to I, II, III, IV, V 5 classes.
In the step 3, carry out comparing choosing in the common method for calculating water quality assessment index weights, it is artificial to compensate for
Influence of the factor to evaluation effect, considers the standard value of each grade and data measured value in groundwater quality standard,
The weight of each risk assessment index is determined using clustering weight method.
In the step 4, selected favorable comment is estimated after quality of groundwater grading index, calculates and determines different brackets Groundwater
The cloud model numerical characteristic that matter is assessed；Specific formula is as follows：
He=k (6)
In above formula, BimaxAnd BiminCorrespondence interval when the groundwater quality grade of respectively a certain evaluation index is i grades
Maximum and minimum value, and for the grade on unilateral boundary, such as [- ∞, Bimin] or [Bimax,+∞], it can be determined according to bound default
Boundary parameter or desired value calculate Exi.He takes a suitable constant, and relevant with water dust thickness, generally He is less than
0.5, it can be adjusted according to the fuzzy threshold degree of variable, this time calculate and take 0.01.
In the step 4, normal state cloud generator program is write, the key that normal cloud model is realized is to set up Normal Cloud
Generator, normal state cloud generator expects Ex by numerical characteristici, entropy EniTogether decided on super entropy He.Specific normal state cloud generator
Algorithm is as follows：
(1) entropy En is calculatediWith super entropy He；
(2) normal random number is generated:Eni'~normrnd (Eni, He), wherein Eni'~N (Eni,He2)；
(3) generation normal random number xi~normrnd (Exi,Eni'), wherein xi~N (Exi,Eni'2)；
(4) degree of certainty is calculated：
(5) by degree of certainty μ (xi) with corresponding xiThe water dust formed in number field；
(6) repeat step 1~5, until producing n water dust.
By the normal state cloud generator write, the cloud model that the evaluation points are under the jurisdiction of certain stability rank is generated.
In the step 5, the cloud model obtained according to cloud generator algorithm routine, calculating obtains Groundwater Quality Evaluation and referred to
Each grade degree of certainty is marked, it is final to calculate the comprehensive determination for asking for each grade with reference to the index weights drawn according to clustering weight method
Spend M.According to maximum comprehensive degree of certainty, the opinion rating of quality of groundwater is judged:
In above formula, μ represents the degree of certainty that index is under the jurisdiction of some grade of cloud model, aiRepresent i-th standard diagrams
Weight.
The invention discloses a kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater, with advantages below：
1) ambiguity present in quality of groundwater evaluation process and randomness have been taken into full account, to influence Groundwater
Qualitative factor carries out objective analysis, is that random, fuzzy standard diagrams realize quantitative measurement, completes qualitativing concept to quantitatively commenting
The uncertain mapping of valency；
2) quality of groundwater evaluation grade is determined, the probability of happening that each grade is extrapolated by known measured data is provided
Method, so as to preferably realize the quantitative assessment to calamity source；
3) weight of evaluation index is determined using clustering weight method, each grade in groundwater quality standard is considered
Standard value and data measured value, overcome human factor influences larger defect during risk assessment on result.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for constituting the part of the application is used for providing further understanding of the present application, the application's
Schematic description and description is used to explain the application, does not constitute the improper restriction to the application.
Fig. 1 is the evaluation procedure flow chart of the present invention；
The quality of groundwater that Fig. 2-Figure 11 is the present invention assesses water dust figure.
Embodiment
It is noted that described further below is all exemplary, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless
Otherwise indicated, all technologies used herein and scientific terminology have and the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings being generally understood that.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise odd number shape
Formula is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in this manual use term "comprising" and/or
During " comprising ", it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
As background technology is introduced, there is evaluation method in the prior art seldom while considering that quality of groundwater is commented
, there is certain defect in actual applications, such as single factor index number technique can not in ambiguity, randomness and the uncertainty of valency problem
Reflect the integral status of groundwater quality, be difficult to evaluate or examine when a variety of pollutions coexist, be not suitable for the comprehensive of quality of groundwater
Close and evaluate；Nemerow Index method is relatively concentrated on serious pollution water quality level, low to change of water quality sensitivity；It is fuzzy comprehensive
The information replication problem that evaluation index correlation is caused can not be solved by closing evaluation assessment, and evaluation precision is more low.Therefore, commented for solution
The influence of ambiguity and human factor that randomness, the index of valency index are divided, it would be highly desirable to need a kind of new method to underground water
Water quality is evaluated.
The present invention is further described with example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
According to the good and bad principal element of influence quality of groundwater, with reference to physics in water body, chemical composition and it is biological into
The comprehensive function divided and geologic setting condition, geographical conditions, the collective effect of mankind's activity, are selected wherein most typical
Evaluation index, sets up quality of groundwater evaluation index system.Many influence factors of quality of groundwater are considered, from sense organ
Physical behavior index, general chemical index, inorganic toxicological parameters, toxic heavy metal index, the organic index of volatility, half are volatilized
Property the eight major class Groundwater Quality Evaluation indexs such as organic index, biological water quality index, other indexs in, choose total hardness, mineralising
Degree, lead, arsenic, mercury, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, sulfate and nitrite are used as cloud model evaluation of subterranean water water quality etc.
The index of level.
With reference to《Groundwater quality standard》(GB/T14848-93), by quality of groundwater grade be set to I (suitably drinking),
II (suitably drinking substantially), III (need to handle and be drunk), IV (need to strictly handle and be drunk), V (should not drink) five classes,
As shown in table 1, to indices according to according to I, II, III, IV, V 5 classes carry out standard value division, as shown in table 2.
The groundwater quality standard class of table 1
The Groundwater Quality Evaluation index division standards of table 2
Note:Above unit is mg/L.
Carrying out comparing choosing in the common method for calculating water quality assessment index weights, being imitated to compensate for human factor to evaluating
The influence of fruit, considers the standard value of each grade and data measured value in groundwater quality standard, using clustering weight method
Determine the weight of each risk assessment index.Specifically, if:There are the B water quality impact factors, some factor i reality in evaluation
Measured value is xi(i=1,2 ..., B), quality of groundwater is divided into p grade (i.e.:J=1,2 ..., p), its j grades of standard value is cij,
Then normalized measured value WijFor：
It is normalized, obtains the weighted value a of i-th of factorijFor：
The measured value and evaluation criterion value of B single-factor are substituted into above formula respectively, the weight of each single-factor just can be tried to achieve
Value：
It is normalized again, constitutes fuzzy matrix A, i.e. Factor Weight collection A={ a1,a2,…,ai}。
Selected favorable comment is estimated after quality of groundwater grading index, calculates the cloud mould for determining that different brackets quality of groundwater is assessed
Type numerical characteristic.Specific formula is as follows：
He=k (6)
In above formula, BimaxAnd BiminCorrespondence interval when the groundwater quality grade of respectively a certain evaluation index is i grades
Maximum and minimum value, and for the grade on unilateral boundary, such as [- ∞, Bimin] or [Bimax,+∞], it can be determined according to bound default
Boundary parameter or desired value calculate Exi.He takes a suitable constant, and relevant with water dust thickness, generally He is less than
0.5, it can be adjusted according to the fuzzy threshold degree of variable, this time calculate and take 0.01.
Normal state cloud generator program is write, the key that normal cloud model is realized is to set up normal state cloud generator, Normal Cloud
Generator expects Ex by numerical characteristici, entropy EniTogether decided on super entropy He.Specific normal state cloud generator algorithm is as follows：
(1) entropy En is calculatediWith super entropy He；
(2) normal random number is generated:Eni'~normrnd (Eni, He), wherein Eni'~N (Eni,He2)；
(3) generation normal random number xi~normrnd (Exi,Eni'), wherein xi~N (Exi,Eni'2)；
(4) degree of certainty is calculated：
(5) by degree of certainty μ (xi) with corresponding xiThe water dust formed in number field；
(6) repeat step 1~5, until producing n water dust.
By the normal state cloud generator write, the cloud model that the evaluation points are under the jurisdiction of certain stability rank is generated.
The cloud model obtained according to cloud generator algorithm routine, it is true that calculating obtains Groundwater Quality Evaluation index each grade
Fixed degree, it is final to calculate the synthesis degree of certainty M for asking for each grade with reference to the index weights drawn according to clustering weight method.According to maximum
Comprehensive degree of certainty, judges the opinion rating of quality of groundwater:
In above formula, μ represents the degree of certainty that index is under the jurisdiction of some grade of cloud model, aiRepresent i-th standard diagrams
Weight.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, not to present invention protection
The limitation of scope, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme, people in the art
Member need not pay the various modifications that creative work can make or deform still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps：
Step 1：According to the good and bad principal element of influence quality of groundwater, with reference to physics, chemical composition and biology in water body
The comprehensive function of composition, sets up quality of groundwater evaluation index system；
Step 2：According to China's quality of groundwater present situation, groundwater quality standard and Drinking Water, industry, agricultural water water
Matter peak demand, groundwater quality is classified, and determines underground water Water Quality Evaluation grade；
Step 3：The weight of each risk assessment index is determined using clustering weight method；
Step 4：The cloud model numerical characteristic for determining that different brackets quality of groundwater is assessed is calculated, it is raw by normal state cloud generator
It is under the jurisdiction of the cloud model of certain stability rank into the evaluation points；
Step 5：The measured data of sample to be evaluated is read, is subordinate to degree of certainty and weight with reference to each evaluation index that calculating is obtained, by
Degree of certainty maximum corresponding level is integrated to evaluate quality of groundwater grade.
2. a kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, root
According to the good and bad principal element of influence quality of groundwater, make with reference to physics, chemical composition and the comprehensive of biotic component in water body
With the wherein most typical evaluation index of selection sets up quality of groundwater evaluation index system.
3. a kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, it is comprehensive
Close consider quality of groundwater many influence factors, from sense organ physical behavior index, general chemical index, inorganic toxicological parameters,
In the organic index of toxic heavy metal index, volatility, the organic index of half volatile, biological water quality index, other indexs, choose total
Hardness, salinity, lead, arsenic, mercury, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, sulfate and nitrite are used as cloud model evaluation of subterranean
The risk assessment index of water water grade, to evaluating for quality of groundwater.
4. a kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, knot
Close《Groundwater quality standard》(GB/T14848-93) quality of groundwater grade, is set to I (suitably drinking), it is II (substantially suitable
Drink), III (need to handle and be drunk), IV (need to strictly handle and be drunk) four classes, and to every risk assessment index according to
The division of standard value is carried out according to I, II, III, IV, V 5 classes.
5. a kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that,
Calculate and carry out comparing choosing in the common method of water quality assessment index weights, consider the mark of each grade in groundwater quality standard
Quasi- value and data measured value, the weight of each risk assessment index is determined using clustering weight method.
6. a kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, meter
The cloud model numerical characteristic for determining that different brackets quality of groundwater is assessed is calculated, normal cloud model program is write, is sent out by Normal Cloud
Raw device, generates the cloud model that the evaluation points are under the jurisdiction of certain stability rank.
7. a kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, meter
Calculate and determine that the specific formula for the cloud model numerical characteristic that different brackets quality of groundwater is assessed is as follows：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>Ex</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
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<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
<mtable>
<mtr>
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<mi>Ex</mi>
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</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
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<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
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<mo>&GreaterEqual;</mo>
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</mtr>
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<mn>5</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
He=k (6)
In above formula, Bi maxAnd Bi minCorrespondence interval maximum when the groundwater quality grade of respectively a certain evaluation index is i grades
And minimum value, and for the grade on unilateral boundary, such as [- ∞, Bi min] or [Bi max,+∞], it can be determined according to bound default
Boundary parameter or desired value calculate Exi.He takes a constant.
8. a kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, institute
The normal state cloud generator stated by
Ex is expected by numerical characteristici, entropy EniTogether decided on super entropy He.Specific normal state cloud generator algorithm is as follows：
(1) entropy En is calculatediWith super entropy He；
(2) normal random number is generated:Eni'~normrnd (Eni, He), wherein Eni'~N (Eni,He2)；
(3) generation normal random number xi~normrnd (Exi,Eni'), wherein xi~N (Exi,Eni'2)；
(4) degree of certainty is calculated：
(5) by degree of certainty μ (xi) with corresponding xiThe water dust formed in number field；
(6) repeat step 1~5, until producing n water dust.
9. a kind of multi objective Normal Cloud integrated evaluating method of quality of groundwater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, root
According to cloud generator algorithm routine, calculating obtains Groundwater Quality Evaluation index each grade degree of certainty, with reference to according to clustering weight method
The index weights drawn, it is final to calculate the synthesis degree of certainty M for asking for each grade；According to maximum comprehensive degree of certainty, underground water is judged
The opinion rating of water quality:
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<munderover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>j</mi>
</munderover>
<msub>
<mi>&mu;a</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>13</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In above formula, μ represents the degree of certainty that index is under the jurisdiction of some grade of cloud model, aiRepresent the weight of i-th of standard diagrams.
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